[proxmark3-svn] / client / cmdlfem4x.c

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (C) 2010 iZsh <izsh at fail0verflow.com>
//
// This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or,
// at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of
// the license.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Low frequency EM4x commands
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include "proxmark3.h"
#include "ui.h"
#include "graph.h"
#include "cmdmain.h"
#include "cmdparser.h"
#include "cmddata.h"
#include "cmdlf.h"
#include "cmdlfem4x.h"
#include "util.h"
#include "data.h"
#define LF_TRACE_BUFF_SIZE 12000
#define LF_BITSSTREAM_LEN 1000

char *global_em410xId;

static int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd);

/* Read the ID of an EM410x tag.
 * Format:
 *   1111 1111 1           <-- standard non-repeatable header
 *   XXXX [row parity bit] <-- 10 rows of 5 bits for our 40 bit tag ID
 *   ....
 *   CCCC                  <-- each bit here is parity for the 10 bits above in corresponding column
 *   0                     <-- stop bit, end of tag
 */
int CmdEM410xRead(const char *Cmd)
{
  int i, j, clock, header, rows, bit, hithigh, hitlow, first, bit2idx, high, low;
  int parity[4];
  char id[11];
  char id2[11];
  int retested = 0;
  uint8_t BitStream[MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN];
  high = low = 0;

  /* Detect high and lows and clock */
  for (i = 0; i < GraphTraceLen; i++)
  {
    if (GraphBuffer[i] > high)
      high = GraphBuffer[i];
    else if (GraphBuffer[i] < low)
      low = GraphBuffer[i];
  }

  /* get clock */
  clock = GetClock(Cmd, high, 0);

  /* parity for our 4 columns */
  parity[0] = parity[1] = parity[2] = parity[3] = 0;
  header = rows = 0;

  /* manchester demodulate */
  bit = bit2idx = 0;
  for (i = 0; i < (int)(GraphTraceLen / clock); i++)
  {
    hithigh = 0;
    hitlow = 0;
    first = 1;

    /* Find out if we hit both high and low peaks */
    for (j = 0; j < clock; j++)
    {
      if (GraphBuffer[(i * clock) + j] == high)
        hithigh = 1;
      else if (GraphBuffer[(i * clock) + j] == low)
        hitlow = 1;

      /* it doesn't count if it's the first part of our read
       because it's really just trailing from the last sequence */
      if (first && (hithigh || hitlow))
        hithigh = hitlow = 0;
      else
        first = 0;

      if (hithigh && hitlow)
        break;
    }

    /* If we didn't hit both high and low peaks, we had a bit transition */
    if (!hithigh || !hitlow)
      bit ^= 1;

    BitStream[bit2idx++] = bit;
  }

retest:
  /* We go till 5 before the graph ends because we'll get that far below */
  for (i = 1; i < bit2idx - 5; i++)
  {
    /* Step 2: We have our header but need our tag ID */
    if (header == 9 && rows < 10)
    {
      /* Confirm parity is correct */
      if ((BitStream[i] ^ BitStream[i+1] ^ BitStream[i+2] ^ BitStream[i+3]) == BitStream[i+4])
      {
        /* Read another byte! */
        sprintf(id+rows, "%x", (8 * BitStream[i]) + (4 * BitStream[i+1]) + (2 * BitStream[i+2]) + (1 * BitStream[i+3]));
        sprintf(id2+rows, "%x", (8 * BitStream[i+3]) + (4 * BitStream[i+2]) + (2 * BitStream[i+1]) + (1 * BitStream[i]));
        rows++;

        /* Keep parity info */
        parity[0] ^= BitStream[i];
        parity[1] ^= BitStream[i+1];
        parity[2] ^= BitStream[i+2];
        parity[3] ^= BitStream[i+3];

        /* Move 4 bits ahead */
        i += 4;
      }

      /* Damn, something wrong! reset */
      else
      {
        PrintAndLog("Thought we had a valid tag but failed at word %d (i=%d)", rows + 1, i);

        /* Start back rows * 5 + 9 header bits, -1 to not start at same place */
        i -= 9 + (5 * rows) - 5;

        rows = header = 0;
      }
    }

    /* Step 3: Got our 40 bits! confirm column parity */
    else if (rows == 10)
    {
      /* We need to make sure our 4 bits of parity are correct and we have a stop bit */
      if (BitStream[i] == parity[0] && BitStream[i+1] == parity[1] &&
        BitStream[i+2] == parity[2] && BitStream[i+3] == parity[3] &&
        BitStream[i+4] == 0)
      {
        /* Sweet! */
        PrintAndLog("EM410x Tag ID: %s", id);
        PrintAndLog("Unique Tag ID: %s", id2);

		global_em410xId = id;
		
        /* Stop any loops */
        return 1;
      }

      /* Crap! Incorrect parity or no stop bit, start all over */
      else
      {
        rows = header = 0;

        /* Go back 59 bits (9 header bits + 10 rows at 4+1 parity) */
        i -= 59;
      }
    }

    /* Step 1: get our header */
    else if (header < 9)
    {
      /* Need 9 consecutive 1's */
      if (BitStream[i] == 1)
        header++;

      /* We don't have a header, not enough consecutive 1 bits */
      else
        header = 0;
    }
  }

  /* if we've already retested after flipping bits, return */
  if (retested++){
    return 0;
	}

  /* if this didn't work, try flipping bits */
  for (i = 0; i < bit2idx; i++)
    BitStream[i] ^= 1;

  goto retest;
}

/* emulate an EM410X tag
 * Format:
 *   1111 1111 1           <-- standard non-repeatable header
 *   XXXX [row parity bit] <-- 10 rows of 5 bits for our 40 bit tag ID
 *   ....
 *   CCCC                  <-- each bit here is parity for the 10 bits above in corresponding column
 *   0                     <-- stop bit, end of tag
 */
int CmdEM410xSim(const char *Cmd)
{
  int i, n, j, h, binary[4], parity[4];

  /* clock is 64 in EM410x tags */
  int clock = 64;

  /* clear our graph */
  ClearGraph(0);

  /* write it out a few times */
  for (h = 0; h < 4; h++)
  {
    /* write 9 start bits */
    for (i = 0; i < 9; i++)
      AppendGraph(0, clock, 1);

    /* for each hex char */
    parity[0] = parity[1] = parity[2] = parity[3] = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
    {
      /* read each hex char */
      sscanf(&Cmd[i], "%1x", &n);
      for (j = 3; j >= 0; j--, n/= 2)
        binary[j] = n % 2;

      /* append each bit */
      AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[0]);
      AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[1]);
      AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[2]);
      AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[3]);

      /* append parity bit */
      AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[0] ^ binary[1] ^ binary[2] ^ binary[3]);

      /* keep track of column parity */
      parity[0] ^= binary[0];
      parity[1] ^= binary[1];
      parity[2] ^= binary[2];
      parity[3] ^= binary[3];
    }

    /* parity columns */
    AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[0]);
    AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[1]);
    AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[2]);
    AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[3]);

    /* stop bit */
    AppendGraph(0, clock, 0);
  }

  /* modulate that biatch */
  CmdManchesterMod("");

  /* booyah! */
  RepaintGraphWindow();
  
  CmdLFSim("");
  return 0;
}

/* Function is equivalent of lf read + data samples + em410xread
 * looped until an EM410x tag is detected 
 * 
 * Why is CmdSamples("16000")?
 *  TBD: Auto-grow sample size based on detected sample rate.  IE: If the
 *       rate gets lower, then grow the number of samples
 *  Changed by martin, 4000 x 4 = 16000, 
 *  see http://www.proxmark.org/forum/viewtopic.php?pid=7235#p7235

*/
int CmdEM410xWatch(const char *Cmd)
{
	int read_h = (*Cmd == 'h');
	do
	{
		CmdLFRead(read_h ? "h" : "");
		CmdSamples("16000");	
	} while (
		!CmdEM410xRead("") 
	);
	return 0;
}

int CmdEM410xWatchnSpoof(const char *Cmd)
{
	CmdEM410xWatch(Cmd);
    PrintAndLog("# Replaying : %s",global_em410xId);
    CmdEM410xSim(global_em410xId);
  return 0;
}

/* Read the transmitted data of an EM4x50 tag
 * Format:
 *
 *  XXXXXXXX [row parity bit (even)] <- 8 bits plus parity
 *  XXXXXXXX [row parity bit (even)] <- 8 bits plus parity
 *  XXXXXXXX [row parity bit (even)] <- 8 bits plus parity
 *  XXXXXXXX [row parity bit (even)] <- 8 bits plus parity
 *  CCCCCCCC                         <- column parity bits
 *  0                                <- stop bit
 *  LW                               <- Listen Window
 *
 * This pattern repeats for every block of data being transmitted.
 * Transmission starts with two Listen Windows (LW - a modulated
 * pattern of 320 cycles each (32/32/128/64/64)).
 *
 * Note that this data may or may not be the UID. It is whatever data
 * is stored in the blocks defined in the control word First and Last
 * Word Read values. UID is stored in block 32.
 */
int CmdEM4x50Read(const char *Cmd)
{
  int i, j, startblock, skip, block, start, end, low, high;
  bool complete= false;
  int tmpbuff[MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN / 64];
  char tmp[6];

  high= low= 0;
  memset(tmpbuff, 0, MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN / 64);

  /* first get high and low values */
  for (i = 0; i < GraphTraceLen; i++)
  {
    if (GraphBuffer[i] > high)
      high = GraphBuffer[i];
    else if (GraphBuffer[i] < low)
      low = GraphBuffer[i];
  }

  /* populate a buffer with pulse lengths */
  i= 0;
  j= 0;
  while (i < GraphTraceLen)
  {
    // measure from low to low
    while ((GraphBuffer[i] > low) && (i<GraphTraceLen))
      ++i;
    start= i;
    while ((GraphBuffer[i] < high) && (i<GraphTraceLen))
      ++i;
    while ((GraphBuffer[i] > low) && (i<GraphTraceLen))
      ++i;
    if (j>(MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN/64)) {
      break;
    }
    tmpbuff[j++]= i - start;
  }

  /* look for data start - should be 2 pairs of LW (pulses of 192,128) */
  start= -1;
  skip= 0;
  for (i= 0; i < j - 4 ; ++i)
  {
    skip += tmpbuff[i];
    if (tmpbuff[i] >= 190 && tmpbuff[i] <= 194)
      if (tmpbuff[i+1] >= 126 && tmpbuff[i+1] <= 130)
        if (tmpbuff[i+2] >= 190 && tmpbuff[i+2] <= 194)
          if (tmpbuff[i+3] >= 126 && tmpbuff[i+3] <= 130)
          {
            start= i + 3;
            break;
          }
  }
  startblock= i + 3;

  /* skip over the remainder of the LW */
  skip += tmpbuff[i+1]+tmpbuff[i+2];
  while (skip < MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN && GraphBuffer[skip] > low)
    ++skip;
  skip += 8;

  /* now do it again to find the end */
  end= start;
  for (i += 3; i < j - 4 ; ++i)
  {
    end += tmpbuff[i];
    if (tmpbuff[i] >= 190 && tmpbuff[i] <= 194)
      if (tmpbuff[i+1] >= 126 && tmpbuff[i+1] <= 130)
        if (tmpbuff[i+2] >= 190 && tmpbuff[i+2] <= 194)
          if (tmpbuff[i+3] >= 126 && tmpbuff[i+3] <= 130)
          {
            complete= true;
            break;
          }
  }

  if (start >= 0)
    PrintAndLog("Found data at sample: %i",skip);
  else
  {
    PrintAndLog("No data found!");
    PrintAndLog("Try again with more samples.");
    return 0;
  }

  if (!complete)
  {
    PrintAndLog("*** Warning!");
    PrintAndLog("Partial data - no end found!");
    PrintAndLog("Try again with more samples.");
  }

  /* get rid of leading crap */
  sprintf(tmp,"%i",skip);
  CmdLtrim(tmp);

  /* now work through remaining buffer printing out data blocks */
  block= 0;
  i= startblock;
  while (block < 6)
  {
    PrintAndLog("Block %i:", block);
    // mandemod routine needs to be split so we can call it for data
    // just print for now for debugging
    CmdManchesterDemod("i 64");
    skip= 0;
    /* look for LW before start of next block */
    for ( ; i < j - 4 ; ++i)
    {
      skip += tmpbuff[i];
      if (tmpbuff[i] >= 190 && tmpbuff[i] <= 194)
        if (tmpbuff[i+1] >= 126 && tmpbuff[i+1] <= 130)
          break;
    }
    while (GraphBuffer[skip] > low)
      ++skip;
    skip += 8;
    sprintf(tmp,"%i",skip);
    CmdLtrim(tmp);
    start += skip;
    block++;
  }
  return 0;
}

int CmdEM410xWrite(const char *Cmd)
{
  uint64_t id = 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF; // invalid id value
  int card = 0xFF; // invalid card value
	unsigned int clock = 0; // invalid clock value

	sscanf(Cmd, "%" PRIx64 " %d %d", &id, &card, &clock);

	// Check ID
	if (id == 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) {
		PrintAndLog("Error! ID is required.\n");
		return 0;
	}
	if (id >= 0x10000000000) {
		PrintAndLog("Error! Given EM410x ID is longer than 40 bits.\n");
		return 0;
	}

	// Check Card
	if (card == 0xFF) {
		PrintAndLog("Error! Card type required.\n");
		return 0;
	}
	if (card < 0) {
		PrintAndLog("Error! Bad card type selected.\n");
		return 0;
	}

	// Check Clock
	if (card == 1)
	{
		// Default: 64
		if (clock == 0)
			clock = 64;

		// Allowed clock rates: 16, 32 and 64
		if ((clock != 16) && (clock != 32) && (clock != 64)) {
			PrintAndLog("Error! Clock rate %d not valid. Supported clock rates are 16, 32 and 64.\n", clock);
			return 0;
		}
	}
	else if (clock != 0)
	{
		PrintAndLog("Error! Clock rate is only supported on T55x7 tags.\n");
		return 0;
	}

	if (card == 1) {
		PrintAndLog("Writing %s tag with UID 0x%010" PRIx64 " (clock rate: %d)", "T55x7", id, clock);
		// NOTE: We really should pass the clock in as a separate argument, but to
		//   provide for backwards-compatibility for older firmware, and to avoid
		//   having to add another argument to CMD_EM410X_WRITE_TAG, we just store
		//   the clock rate in bits 8-15 of the card value
		card = (card & 0xFF) | (((uint64_t)clock << 8) & 0xFF00);
	}
	else if (card == 0)
		PrintAndLog("Writing %s tag with UID 0x%010" PRIx64, "T5555", id, clock);
	else {
		PrintAndLog("Error! Bad card type selected.\n");
		return 0;
	}

  UsbCommand c = {CMD_EM410X_WRITE_TAG, {card, (uint32_t)(id >> 32), (uint32_t)id}};
  SendCommand(&c);

  return 0;
}

int CmdReadWord(const char *Cmd)
{
	int Word = -1; //default to invalid word
	UsbCommand c;
  
	sscanf(Cmd, "%d", &Word);
  
	if ( (Word > 15) | (Word < 0) ) {
		PrintAndLog("Word must be between 0 and 15");
		return 1;
	}
  
	PrintAndLog("Reading word %d", Word);
  
	c.cmd = CMD_EM4X_READ_WORD;
	c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x0; //Normal mode
	c.arg[0] = 0;
	c.arg[1] = Word;
	c.arg[2] = 0;
	SendCommand(&c);
	WaitForResponse(CMD_ACK, NULL);

	uint8_t data[LF_TRACE_BUFF_SIZE] = {0x00};

	GetFromBigBuf(data,LF_TRACE_BUFF_SIZE,3560);  //3560 -- should be offset..
	WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,NULL, 1500);

	for (int j = 0; j < LF_TRACE_BUFF_SIZE; j++) {
		GraphBuffer[j] = ((int)data[j]);
	}
	GraphTraceLen = LF_TRACE_BUFF_SIZE;
	
	uint8_t bits[LF_BITSSTREAM_LEN] = {0x00};
	uint8_t * bitstream = bits;
	manchester_decode(GraphBuffer, LF_TRACE_BUFF_SIZE, bitstream,LF_BITSSTREAM_LEN);
	RepaintGraphWindow();
  return 0;
}

int CmdReadWordPWD(const char *Cmd)
{
	int Word = -1; //default to invalid word
	int Password = 0xFFFFFFFF; //default to blank password
	UsbCommand c;

	sscanf(Cmd, "%d %x", &Word, &Password);

	if ( (Word > 15) | (Word < 0) ) {
		PrintAndLog("Word must be between 0 and 15");
		return 1;
	}
  
	PrintAndLog("Reading word %d with password %08X", Word, Password);

	c.cmd = CMD_EM4X_READ_WORD;
	c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x1; //Password mode
	c.arg[0] = 0;
	c.arg[1] = Word;
	c.arg[2] = Password;
	SendCommand(&c);
	WaitForResponse(CMD_ACK, NULL);
		
	uint8_t data[LF_TRACE_BUFF_SIZE] = {0x00};

	GetFromBigBuf(data,LF_TRACE_BUFF_SIZE,3560);  //3560 -- should be offset..
	WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,NULL, 1500);

	for (int j = 0; j < LF_TRACE_BUFF_SIZE; j++) {
		GraphBuffer[j] = ((int)data[j]);
	}
	GraphTraceLen = LF_TRACE_BUFF_SIZE;
	
	uint8_t bits[LF_BITSSTREAM_LEN] = {0x00};
	uint8_t * bitstream = bits;	
	manchester_decode(GraphBuffer, LF_TRACE_BUFF_SIZE, bitstream, LF_BITSSTREAM_LEN);
	RepaintGraphWindow();
  return 0;
}

int CmdWriteWord(const char *Cmd)
{
  int Word = 16; //default to invalid block
  int Data = 0xFFFFFFFF; //default to blank data
  UsbCommand c;
  
  sscanf(Cmd, "%x %d", &Data, &Word);
  
  if (Word > 15) {
    PrintAndLog("Word must be between 0 and 15");
    return 1;
  }
  
  PrintAndLog("Writting word %d with data %08X", Word, Data);
  
  c.cmd = CMD_EM4X_WRITE_WORD;
  c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x0; //Normal mode
  c.arg[0] = Data;
  c.arg[1] = Word;
  c.arg[2] = 0;
  SendCommand(&c);
  return 0;
}

int CmdWriteWordPWD(const char *Cmd)
{
  int Word = 8; //default to invalid word
  int Data = 0xFFFFFFFF; //default to blank data
  int Password = 0xFFFFFFFF; //default to blank password
  UsbCommand c;
  
  sscanf(Cmd, "%x %d %x", &Data, &Word, &Password);
  
  if (Word > 15) {
    PrintAndLog("Word must be between 0 and 15");
    return 1;
  }
  
  PrintAndLog("Writting word %d with data %08X and password %08X", Word, Data, Password);
  
  c.cmd = CMD_EM4X_WRITE_WORD;
  c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x1; //Password mode
  c.arg[0] = Data;
  c.arg[1] = Word;
  c.arg[2] = Password;
  SendCommand(&c);
  return 0;
}

static command_t CommandTable[] =
{
  {"help", CmdHelp, 1, "This help"},
  {"410xread", CmdEM410xRead, 1, "[clock rate] -- Extract ID from EM410x tag"},
  {"410xsim", CmdEM410xSim, 0, "<UID> -- Simulate EM410x tag"},
  {"410xwatch", CmdEM410xWatch, 0, "['h'] -- Watches for EM410x 125/134 kHz tags (option 'h' for 134)"},
  {"410xspoof", CmdEM410xWatchnSpoof, 0, "['h'] --- Watches for EM410x 125/134 kHz tags, and replays them. (option 'h' for 134)" },
  {"410xwrite", CmdEM410xWrite, 1, "<UID> <'0' T5555> <'1' T55x7> [clock rate] -- Write EM410x UID to T5555(Q5) or T55x7 tag, optionally setting clock rate"},
  {"4x50read", CmdEM4x50Read, 1, "Extract data from EM4x50 tag"},
  {"rd", CmdReadWord, 1, "<Word 1-15> -- Read EM4xxx word data"},
  {"rdpwd", CmdReadWordPWD, 1, "<Word 1-15> <Password> -- Read EM4xxx word data  in password mode "},
  {"wr", CmdWriteWord, 1, "<Data> <Word 1-15> -- Write EM4xxx word data"},
  {"wrpwd", CmdWriteWordPWD, 1, "<Data> <Word 1-15> <Password> -- Write EM4xxx word data in password mode"},
  {NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}
};

int CmdLFEM4X(const char *Cmd)
{
  CmdsParse(CommandTable, Cmd);
  return 0;
}

int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd)
{
  CmdsHelp(CommandTable);
  return 0;
}
Commit	Line	Data
a553f267	1	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
	2	// Copyright (C) 2010 iZsh <izsh at fail0verflow.com>
	3	//
	4	// This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or,
	5	// at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of
	6	// the license.
	7	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
	8	// Low frequency EM4x commands
	9	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
	10
7fe9b0b7	11	#include <stdio.h>
9e13f875	12	#include <string.h>
ec564290	13	#include <inttypes.h>
902cb3c0	14	#include "proxmark3.h"
7fe9b0b7	15	#include "ui.h"
7fe9b0b7	16	#include "graph.h"
f38a1528	17	#include "cmdmain.h"
7fe9b0b7	18	#include "cmdparser.h"
	19	#include "cmddata.h"
	20	#include "cmdlf.h"
	21	#include "cmdlfem4x.h"
f38a1528	22	#include "util.h"
f38a1528	23	#include "data.h"
f6c18637	24	#define LF_TRACE_BUFF_SIZE 12000
c6be64da	25	#define LF_BITSSTREAM_LEN 1000
f38a1528	26
f38a1528	27	char *global_em410xId;
7fe9b0b7	28
	29	static int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd);
	30
	31	/* Read the ID of an EM410x tag.
	32	* Format:
	33	* 1111 1111 1 <-- standard non-repeatable header
	34	* XXXX [row parity bit] <-- 10 rows of 5 bits for our 40 bit tag ID
	35	* ....
	36	* CCCC <-- each bit here is parity for the 10 bits above in corresponding column
	37	* 0 <-- stop bit, end of tag
	38	*/
	39	int CmdEM410xRead(const char *Cmd)
	40	{
	41	int i, j, clock, header, rows, bit, hithigh, hitlow, first, bit2idx, high, low;
	42	int parity[4];
	43	char id[11];
080ff30a	44	char id2[11];
7fe9b0b7	45	int retested = 0;
15cdabd4	46	uint8_t BitStream[MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN];
7fe9b0b7	47	high = low = 0;
	48
	49	/* Detect high and lows and clock */
	50	for (i = 0; i < GraphTraceLen; i++)
	51	{
	52	if (GraphBuffer[i] > high)
	53	high = GraphBuffer[i];
	54	else if (GraphBuffer[i] < low)
	55	low = GraphBuffer[i];
	56	}
	57
	58	/* get clock */
	59	clock = GetClock(Cmd, high, 0);
	60
	61	/* parity for our 4 columns */
	62	parity[0] = parity[1] = parity[2] = parity[3] = 0;
	63	header = rows = 0;
	64
	65	/* manchester demodulate */
	66	bit = bit2idx = 0;
	67	for (i = 0; i < (int)(GraphTraceLen / clock); i++)
	68	{
	69	hithigh = 0;
	70	hitlow = 0;
	71	first = 1;
	72
	73	/* Find out if we hit both high and low peaks */
	74	for (j = 0; j < clock; j++)
	75	{
	76	if (GraphBuffer[(i * clock) + j] == high)
	77	hithigh = 1;
	78	else if (GraphBuffer[(i * clock) + j] == low)
	79	hitlow = 1;
	80
	81	/* it doesn't count if it's the first part of our read
	82	because it's really just trailing from the last sequence */
	83	if (first && (hithigh \|\| hitlow))
	84	hithigh = hitlow = 0;
	85	else
	86	first = 0;
	87
	88	if (hithigh && hitlow)
	89	break;
	90	}
	91
	92	/* If we didn't hit both high and low peaks, we had a bit transition */
	93	if (!hithigh \|\| !hitlow)
	94	bit ^= 1;
	95
	96	BitStream[bit2idx++] = bit;
	97	}
	98
	99	retest:
	100	/* We go till 5 before the graph ends because we'll get that far below */
	101	for (i = 1; i < bit2idx - 5; i++)
	102	{
	103	/* Step 2: We have our header but need our tag ID */
	104	if (header == 9 && rows < 10)
	105	{
	106	/* Confirm parity is correct */
	107	if ((BitStream[i] ^ BitStream[i+1] ^ BitStream[i+2] ^ BitStream[i+3]) == BitStream[i+4])
	108	{
	109	/* Read another byte! */
	110	sprintf(id+rows, "%x", (8 * BitStream[i]) + (4 * BitStream[i+1]) + (2 * BitStream[i+2]) + (1 * BitStream[i+3]));
cb967ea9	111	sprintf(id2+rows, "%x", (8 * BitStream[i+3]) + (4 * BitStream[i+2]) + (2 * BitStream[i+1]) + (1 * BitStream[i]));
7fe9b0b7	112	rows++;
	113
	114	/* Keep parity info */
	115	parity[0] ^= BitStream[i];
	116	parity[1] ^= BitStream[i+1];
	117	parity[2] ^= BitStream[i+2];
	118	parity[3] ^= BitStream[i+3];
	119
	120	/* Move 4 bits ahead */
	121	i += 4;
	122	}
	123
	124	/* Damn, something wrong! reset */
	125	else
	126	{
	127	PrintAndLog("Thought we had a valid tag but failed at word %d (i=%d)", rows + 1, i);
	128
	129	/* Start back rows * 5 + 9 header bits, -1 to not start at same place */
	130	i -= 9 + (5 * rows) - 5;
	131
	132	rows = header = 0;
	133	}
	134	}
	135
	136	/* Step 3: Got our 40 bits! confirm column parity */
	137	else if (rows == 10)
	138	{
	139	/* We need to make sure our 4 bits of parity are correct and we have a stop bit */
	140	if (BitStream[i] == parity[0] && BitStream[i+1] == parity[1] &&
	141	BitStream[i+2] == parity[2] && BitStream[i+3] == parity[3] &&
	142	BitStream[i+4] == 0)
	143	{
	144	/* Sweet! */
	145	PrintAndLog("EM410x Tag ID: %s", id);
cb967ea9	146	PrintAndLog("Unique Tag ID: %s", id2);
7fe9b0b7	147
f38a1528	148	global_em410xId = id;
f38a1528	149
7fe9b0b7	150	/* Stop any loops */
	151	return 1;
	152	}
	153
	154	/* Crap! Incorrect parity or no stop bit, start all over */
	155	else
	156	{
	157	rows = header = 0;
	158
	159	/* Go back 59 bits (9 header bits + 10 rows at 4+1 parity) */
	160	i -= 59;
	161	}
	162	}
	163
	164	/* Step 1: get our header */
	165	else if (header < 9)
	166	{
	167	/* Need 9 consecutive 1's */
	168	if (BitStream[i] == 1)
	169	header++;
	170
	171	/* We don't have a header, not enough consecutive 1 bits */
	172	else
	173	header = 0;
	174	}
	175	}
	176
	177	/* if we've already retested after flipping bits, return */
f38a1528	178	if (retested++){
7fe9b0b7	179	return 0;
f38a1528	180	}
7fe9b0b7	181
	182	/* if this didn't work, try flipping bits */
	183	for (i = 0; i < bit2idx; i++)
	184	BitStream[i] ^= 1;
	185
	186	goto retest;
	187	}
	188
	189	/* emulate an EM410X tag
	190	* Format:
	191	* 1111 1111 1 <-- standard non-repeatable header
	192	* XXXX [row parity bit] <-- 10 rows of 5 bits for our 40 bit tag ID
	193	* ....
	194	* CCCC <-- each bit here is parity for the 10 bits above in corresponding column
	195	* 0 <-- stop bit, end of tag
	196	*/
	197	int CmdEM410xSim(const char *Cmd)
	198	{
	199	int i, n, j, h, binary[4], parity[4];
	200
	201	/* clock is 64 in EM410x tags */
	202	int clock = 64;
	203
	204	/* clear our graph */
	205	ClearGraph(0);
	206
	207	/* write it out a few times */
	208	for (h = 0; h < 4; h++)
	209	{
	210	/* write 9 start bits */
	211	for (i = 0; i < 9; i++)
	212	AppendGraph(0, clock, 1);
	213
	214	/* for each hex char */
	215	parity[0] = parity[1] = parity[2] = parity[3] = 0;
	216	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
	217	{
	218	/* read each hex char */
	219	sscanf(&Cmd[i], "%1x", &n);
	220	for (j = 3; j >= 0; j--, n/= 2)
	221	binary[j] = n % 2;
	222
	223	/* append each bit */
	224	AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[0]);
	225	AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[1]);
	226	AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[2]);
	227	AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[3]);
	228
	229	/* append parity bit */
	230	AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[0] ^ binary[1] ^ binary[2] ^ binary[3]);
	231
	232	/* keep track of column parity */
	233	parity[0] ^= binary[0];
	234	parity[1] ^= binary[1];
	235	parity[2] ^= binary[2];
	236	parity[3] ^= binary[3];
	237	}
	238
	239	/* parity columns */
	240	AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[0]);
	241	AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[1]);
	242	AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[2]);
	243	AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[3]);
	244
245	/* stop bit */
246	AppendGraph(0, clock, 0);
247	}
248
249	/* modulate that biatch */
250	CmdManchesterMod("");
251
252	/* booyah! */
253	RepaintGraphWindow();
254
255	CmdLFSim("");
256	return 0;
257	}
258
c2d25819	259	/* Function is equivalent of lf read + data samples + em410xread
	260	* looped until an EM410x tag is detected
	261	*
	262	* Why is CmdSamples("16000")?
	263	* TBD: Auto-grow sample size based on detected sample rate. IE: If the
	264	* rate gets lower, then grow the number of samples
	265	* Changed by martin, 4000 x 4 = 16000,
	266	* see http://www.proxmark.org/forum/viewtopic.php?pid=7235#p7235
	267
	268	*/
7fe9b0b7	269	int CmdEM410xWatch(const char *Cmd)
7fe9b0b7	270	{
c2d25819	271	int read_h = (*Cmd == 'h');
	272	do
	273	{
	274	CmdLFRead(read_h ? "h" : "");
	275	CmdSamples("16000");
	276	} while (
f38a1528	277	!CmdEM410xRead("")
f38a1528	278	);
c2d25819	279	return 0;
f38a1528	280	}
	281
	282	int CmdEM410xWatchnSpoof(const char *Cmd)
	283	{
c2d25819	284	CmdEM410xWatch(Cmd);
f38a1528	285	PrintAndLog("# Replaying : %s",global_em410xId);
f38a1528	286	CmdEM410xSim(global_em410xId);
7fe9b0b7	287	return 0;
	288	}
	289
	290	/* Read the transmitted data of an EM4x50 tag
	291	* Format:
	292	*
	293	* XXXXXXXX [row parity bit (even)] <- 8 bits plus parity
	294	* XXXXXXXX [row parity bit (even)] <- 8 bits plus parity
	295	* XXXXXXXX [row parity bit (even)] <- 8 bits plus parity
	296	* XXXXXXXX [row parity bit (even)] <- 8 bits plus parity
	297	* CCCCCCCC <- column parity bits
	298	* 0 <- stop bit
	299	* LW <- Listen Window
	300	*
	301	* This pattern repeats for every block of data being transmitted.
	302	* Transmission starts with two Listen Windows (LW - a modulated
	303	* pattern of 320 cycles each (32/32/128/64/64)).
	304	*
	305	* Note that this data may or may not be the UID. It is whatever data
	306	* is stored in the blocks defined in the control word First and Last
	307	* Word Read values. UID is stored in block 32.
	308	*/
	309	int CmdEM4x50Read(const char *Cmd)
	310	{
31b6e9af	311	int i, j, startblock, skip, block, start, end, low, high;
7fe9b0b7	312	bool complete= false;
	313	int tmpbuff[MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN / 64];
	314	char tmp[6];
	315
	316	high= low= 0;
913d23c6	317	memset(tmpbuff, 0, MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN / 64);
7fe9b0b7	318
	319	/* first get high and low values */
	320	for (i = 0; i < GraphTraceLen; i++)
	321	{
	322	if (GraphBuffer[i] > high)
	323	high = GraphBuffer[i];
	324	else if (GraphBuffer[i] < low)
	325	low = GraphBuffer[i];
	326	}
	327
	328	/* populate a buffer with pulse lengths */
	329	i= 0;
	330	j= 0;
	331	while (i < GraphTraceLen)
	332	{
	333	// measure from low to low
	334	while ((GraphBuffer[i] > low) && (i<GraphTraceLen))
	335	++i;
	336	start= i;
	337	while ((GraphBuffer[i] < high) && (i<GraphTraceLen))
	338	++i;
	339	while ((GraphBuffer[i] > low) && (i<GraphTraceLen))
	340	++i;
	341	if (j>(MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN/64)) {
	342	break;
	343	}
	344	tmpbuff[j++]= i - start;
	345	}
	346
	347	/* look for data start - should be 2 pairs of LW (pulses of 192,128) */
	348	start= -1;
	349	skip= 0;
	350	for (i= 0; i < j - 4 ; ++i)
	351	{
	352	skip += tmpbuff[i];
	353	if (tmpbuff[i] >= 190 && tmpbuff[i] <= 194)
	354	if (tmpbuff[i+1] >= 126 && tmpbuff[i+1] <= 130)
	355	if (tmpbuff[i+2] >= 190 && tmpbuff[i+2] <= 194)
	356	if (tmpbuff[i+3] >= 126 && tmpbuff[i+3] <= 130)
	357	{
	358	start= i + 3;
	359	break;
	360	}
	361	}
	362	startblock= i + 3;
	363
	364	/* skip over the remainder of the LW */
	365	skip += tmpbuff[i+1]+tmpbuff[i+2];
	366	while (skip < MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN && GraphBuffer[skip] > low)
	367	++skip;
	368	skip += 8;
	369
	370	/* now do it again to find the end */
	371	end= start;
	372	for (i += 3; i < j - 4 ; ++i)
	373	{
	374	end += tmpbuff[i];
	375	if (tmpbuff[i] >= 190 && tmpbuff[i] <= 194)
	376	if (tmpbuff[i+1] >= 126 && tmpbuff[i+1] <= 130)
	377	if (tmpbuff[i+2] >= 190 && tmpbuff[i+2] <= 194)
	378	if (tmpbuff[i+3] >= 126 && tmpbuff[i+3] <= 130)
	379	{
	380	complete= true;
	381	break;
382	}
383	}
384
385	if (start >= 0)
386	PrintAndLog("Found data at sample: %i",skip);
387	else
388	{
389	PrintAndLog("No data found!");
390	PrintAndLog("Try again with more samples.");
391	return 0;
392	}
393
394	if (!complete)
395	{
396	PrintAndLog("*** Warning!");
397	PrintAndLog("Partial data - no end found!");
398	PrintAndLog("Try again with more samples.");
399	}
400
401	/* get rid of leading crap */
402	sprintf(tmp,"%i",skip);
403	CmdLtrim(tmp);
404
405	/* now work through remaining buffer printing out data blocks */
406	block= 0;
407	i= startblock;
408	while (block < 6)
409	{
410	PrintAndLog("Block %i:", block);
411	// mandemod routine needs to be split so we can call it for data
412	// just print for now for debugging
413	CmdManchesterDemod("i 64");
414	skip= 0;
415	/* look for LW before start of next block */
416	for ( ; i < j - 4 ; ++i)
417	{
418	skip += tmpbuff[i];
419	if (tmpbuff[i] >= 190 && tmpbuff[i] <= 194)
420	if (tmpbuff[i+1] >= 126 && tmpbuff[i+1] <= 130)
421	break;
422	}
423	while (GraphBuffer[skip] > low)
424	++skip;
425	skip += 8;
426	sprintf(tmp,"%i",skip);
427	CmdLtrim(tmp);
428	start += skip;
429	block++;
430	}
431	return 0;
432	}
433
2d4eae76	434	int CmdEM410xWrite(const char *Cmd)
2d4eae76	435	{
e67b06b7	436	uint64_t id = 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF; // invalid id value
7bb9d33e	437	int card = 0xFF; // invalid card value
e67b06b7	438	unsigned int clock = 0; // invalid clock value
	439
	440	sscanf(Cmd, "%" PRIx64 " %d %d", &id, &card, &clock);
	441
	442	// Check ID
	443	if (id == 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) {
	444	PrintAndLog("Error! ID is required.\n");
	445	return 0;
	446	}
	447	if (id >= 0x10000000000) {
	448	PrintAndLog("Error! Given EM410x ID is longer than 40 bits.\n");
	449	return 0;
	450	}
	451
	452	// Check Card
	453	if (card == 0xFF) {
	454	PrintAndLog("Error! Card type required.\n");
	455	return 0;
	456	}
	457	if (card < 0) {
	458	PrintAndLog("Error! Bad card type selected.\n");
	459	return 0;
	460	}
	461
	462	// Check Clock
	463	if (card == 1)
	464	{
	465	// Default: 64
	466	if (clock == 0)
	467	clock = 64;
	468
	469	// Allowed clock rates: 16, 32 and 64
	470	if ((clock != 16) && (clock != 32) && (clock != 64)) {
	471	PrintAndLog("Error! Clock rate %d not valid. Supported clock rates are 16, 32 and 64.\n", clock);
	472	return 0;
	473	}
	474	}
	475	else if (clock != 0)
	476	{
	477	PrintAndLog("Error! Clock rate is only supported on T55x7 tags.\n");
	478	return 0;
	479	}
	480
	481	if (card == 1) {
	482	PrintAndLog("Writing %s tag with UID 0x%010" PRIx64 " (clock rate: %d)", "T55x7", id, clock);
	483	// NOTE: We really should pass the clock in as a separate argument, but to
	484	// provide for backwards-compatibility for older firmware, and to avoid
	485	// having to add another argument to CMD_EM410X_WRITE_TAG, we just store
	486	// the clock rate in bits 8-15 of the card value
	487	card = (card & 0xFF) \| (((uint64_t)clock << 8) & 0xFF00);
	488	}
	489	else if (card == 0)
	490	PrintAndLog("Writing %s tag with UID 0x%010" PRIx64, "T5555", id, clock);
	491	else {
	492	PrintAndLog("Error! Bad card type selected.\n");
	493	return 0;
	494	}
2d4eae76	495
2d4eae76	496	UsbCommand c = {CMD_EM410X_WRITE_TAG, {card, (uint32_t)(id >> 32), (uint32_t)id}};
	497	SendCommand(&c);
	498
	499	return 0;
	500	}
	501
54a942b0	502	int CmdReadWord(const char *Cmd)
54a942b0	503	{
f38a1528	504	int Word = -1; //default to invalid word
b44e5233	505	UsbCommand c;
54a942b0	506
b44e5233	507	sscanf(Cmd, "%d", &Word);
54a942b0	508
f38a1528	509	if ( (Word > 15) \| (Word < 0) ) {
b44e5233	510	PrintAndLog("Word must be between 0 and 15");
	511	return 1;
	512	}
54a942b0	513
b44e5233	514	PrintAndLog("Reading word %d", Word);
54a942b0	515
b44e5233	516	c.cmd = CMD_EM4X_READ_WORD;
	517	c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x0; //Normal mode
	518	c.arg[0] = 0;
	519	c.arg[1] = Word;
	520	c.arg[2] = 0;
	521	SendCommand(&c);
f38a1528	522	WaitForResponse(CMD_ACK, NULL);
f38a1528	523
f6c18637	524	uint8_t data[LF_TRACE_BUFF_SIZE] = {0x00};
f38a1528	525
b44e5233	526	GetFromBigBuf(data,LF_TRACE_BUFF_SIZE,3560); //3560 -- should be offset..
f38a1528	527	WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,NULL, 1500);
f38a1528	528
b44e5233	529	for (int j = 0; j < LF_TRACE_BUFF_SIZE; j++) {
f6c18637	530	GraphBuffer[j] = ((int)data[j]);
f38a1528	531	}
b44e5233	532	GraphTraceLen = LF_TRACE_BUFF_SIZE;
b44e5233	533
c6be64da	534	uint8_t bits[LF_BITSSTREAM_LEN] = {0x00};
b44e5233	535	uint8_t * bitstream = bits;
c6be64da	536	manchester_decode(GraphBuffer, LF_TRACE_BUFF_SIZE, bitstream,LF_BITSSTREAM_LEN);
f6c18637	537	RepaintGraphWindow();
54a942b0	538	return 0;
	539	}
	540
	541	int CmdReadWordPWD(const char *Cmd)
	542	{
f38a1528	543	int Word = -1; //default to invalid word
b44e5233	544	int Password = 0xFFFFFFFF; //default to blank password
	545	UsbCommand c;
	546
	547	sscanf(Cmd, "%d %x", &Word, &Password);
	548
f38a1528	549	if ( (Word > 15) \| (Word < 0) ) {
b44e5233	550	PrintAndLog("Word must be between 0 and 15");
	551	return 1;
	552	}
54a942b0	553
b44e5233	554	PrintAndLog("Reading word %d with password %08X", Word, Password);
	555
	556	c.cmd = CMD_EM4X_READ_WORD;
	557	c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x1; //Password mode
	558	c.arg[0] = 0;
	559	c.arg[1] = Word;
	560	c.arg[2] = Password;
	561	SendCommand(&c);
f38a1528	562	WaitForResponse(CMD_ACK, NULL);
b44e5233	563
f6c18637	564	uint8_t data[LF_TRACE_BUFF_SIZE] = {0x00};
f38a1528	565
b44e5233	566	GetFromBigBuf(data,LF_TRACE_BUFF_SIZE,3560); //3560 -- should be offset..
f38a1528	567	WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,NULL, 1500);
f38a1528	568
b44e5233	569	for (int j = 0; j < LF_TRACE_BUFF_SIZE; j++) {
f6c18637	570	GraphBuffer[j] = ((int)data[j]);
f38a1528	571	}
b44e5233	572	GraphTraceLen = LF_TRACE_BUFF_SIZE;
b44e5233	573
c6be64da	574	uint8_t bits[LF_BITSSTREAM_LEN] = {0x00};
	575	uint8_t * bitstream = bits;
	576	manchester_decode(GraphBuffer, LF_TRACE_BUFF_SIZE, bitstream, LF_BITSSTREAM_LEN);
f6c18637	577	RepaintGraphWindow();
54a942b0	578	return 0;
	579	}
	580
	581	int CmdWriteWord(const char *Cmd)
	582	{
	583	int Word = 16; //default to invalid block
	584	int Data = 0xFFFFFFFF; //default to blank data
	585	UsbCommand c;
	586
	587	sscanf(Cmd, "%x %d", &Data, &Word);
	588
	589	if (Word > 15) {
	590	PrintAndLog("Word must be between 0 and 15");
	591	return 1;
	592	}
	593
	594	PrintAndLog("Writting word %d with data %08X", Word, Data);
	595
	596	c.cmd = CMD_EM4X_WRITE_WORD;
	597	c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x0; //Normal mode
	598	c.arg[0] = Data;
	599	c.arg[1] = Word;
	600	c.arg[2] = 0;
	601	SendCommand(&c);
	602	return 0;
	603	}
	604
	605	int CmdWriteWordPWD(const char *Cmd)
	606	{
	607	int Word = 8; //default to invalid word
	608	int Data = 0xFFFFFFFF; //default to blank data
	609	int Password = 0xFFFFFFFF; //default to blank password
	610	UsbCommand c;
	611
	612	sscanf(Cmd, "%x %d %x", &Data, &Word, &Password);
	613
	614	if (Word > 15) {
	615	PrintAndLog("Word must be between 0 and 15");
	616	return 1;
	617	}
	618
	619	PrintAndLog("Writting word %d with data %08X and password %08X", Word, Data, Password);
	620
	621	c.cmd = CMD_EM4X_WRITE_WORD;
	622	c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x1; //Password mode
	623	c.arg[0] = Data;
	624	c.arg[1] = Word;
	625	c.arg[2] = Password;
	626	SendCommand(&c);
	627	return 0;
	628	}
	629
2d4eae76	630	static command_t CommandTable[] =
7fe9b0b7	631	{
54a942b0	632	{"help", CmdHelp, 1, "This help"},
c2d25819	633	{"410xread", CmdEM410xRead, 1, "[clock rate] -- Extract ID from EM410x tag"},
	634	{"410xsim", CmdEM410xSim, 0, "<UID> -- Simulate EM410x tag"},
	635	{"410xwatch", CmdEM410xWatch, 0, "['h'] -- Watches for EM410x 125/134 kHz tags (option 'h' for 134)"},
	636	{"410xspoof", CmdEM410xWatchnSpoof, 0, "['h'] --- Watches for EM410x 125/134 kHz tags, and replays them. (option 'h' for 134)" },
	637	{"410xwrite", CmdEM410xWrite, 1, "<UID> <'0' T5555> <'1' T55x7> [clock rate] -- Write EM410x UID to T5555(Q5) or T55x7 tag, optionally setting clock rate"},
	638	{"4x50read", CmdEM4x50Read, 1, "Extract data from EM4x50 tag"},
f38a1528	639	{"rd", CmdReadWord, 1, "<Word 1-15> -- Read EM4xxx word data"},
	640	{"rdpwd", CmdReadWordPWD, 1, "<Word 1-15> <Password> -- Read EM4xxx word data in password mode "},
	641	{"wr", CmdWriteWord, 1, "<Data> <Word 1-15> -- Write EM4xxx word data"},
	642	{"wrpwd", CmdWriteWordPWD, 1, "<Data> <Word 1-15> <Password> -- Write EM4xxx word data in password mode"},
7fe9b0b7	643	{NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}
	644	};
	645
	646	int CmdLFEM4X(const char *Cmd)
	647	{
	648	CmdsParse(CommandTable, Cmd);
	649	return 0;
	650	}
	651
	652	int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd)
	653	{
	654	CmdsHelp(CommandTable);
	655	return 0;
	656	}