fix emv search behavior

[proxmark3-svn] / client / cmdhf15.c

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (C) 2010 iZsh <izsh at fail0verflow.com>
// Modified 2010-2012 by <adrian -at- atrox.at>
// Modified 2012 by <vsza at vsza.hu>
//
// This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or,
// at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of
// the license.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// High frequency ISO15693 commands
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// There are three basic operation modes, depending on which device (proxmark/pc)
// the signal processing, (de)modulation, transmission protocol and logic is done.
// Mode 1:
// All steps are done on the proxmark, the output of the commands is returned via
// USB-debug-print commands.
// Mode 2: 
// The protocol is done on the PC, passing only Iso15693 data frames via USB. This
// allows direct communication with a tag on command level
// Mode 3:
// The proxmark just samples the antenna and passes this "analog" data via USB to
// the client. Signal Processing & decoding is done on the pc. This is the slowest
// variant, but offers the possibility to analyze the waveforms directly. 

#include "cmdhf15.h"

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdint.h>

#include "comms.h"
#include "graph.h"
#include "ui.h"
#include "util.h"
#include "cmdparser.h"
#include "iso15693tools.h"
#include "protocols.h"
#include "cmdmain.h"
#include "taginfo.h"

#define Crc(data,datalen)     Iso15693Crc(data,datalen)
#define AddCrc(data,datalen)  Iso15693AddCrc(data,datalen)
#define sprintUID(target,uid)	Iso15693sprintUID(target,uid)

// SOF defined as
// 1) Unmodulated time of 56.64us
// 2) 24 pulses of 423.75khz
// 3) logic '1' (unmodulated for 18.88us followed by 8 pulses of 423.75khz)

static const int Iso15693FrameSOF[] = {
	-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
	-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
	 1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,
	 1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,
	-1, -1, -1, -1,
	-1, -1, -1, -1,
	 1,  1,  1,  1,
	 1,  1,  1,  1
};
static const int Iso15693Logic0[] = {
	 1,  1,  1,  1,
	 1,  1,  1,  1,
	-1, -1, -1, -1,
	-1, -1, -1, -1
};
static const int Iso15693Logic1[] = {
	-1, -1, -1, -1,
	-1, -1, -1, -1,
	 1,  1,  1,  1,
	 1,  1,  1,  1
};

// EOF defined as
// 1) logic '0' (8 pulses of 423.75khz followed by unmodulated for 18.88us)
// 2) 24 pulses of 423.75khz
// 3) Unmodulated time of 56.64us

static const int Iso15693FrameEOF[] = {
	 1,  1,  1,  1,
	 1,  1,  1,  1,
	-1, -1, -1, -1,
	-1, -1, -1, -1,
	 1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,
	 1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,
	-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
	-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1
};


// fast method to just read the UID of a tag (collission detection not supported)
//		*buf	should be large enough to fit the 64bit uid
// returns 1 if suceeded
int getUID(uint8_t *buf) 
{
	UsbCommand resp;
	uint8_t *recv;
	UsbCommand c = {CMD_ISO_15693_COMMAND, {0, 1, 1}}; // len,speed,recv?
	uint8_t *req=c.d.asBytes;
	int reqlen=0;
	
	for (int retry=0;retry<3; retry++) { // don't give up the at the first try		
		
		req[0] = ISO15693_REQ_DATARATE_HIGH | ISO15693_REQ_INVENTORY | ISO15693_REQINV_SLOT1;
		req[1] = ISO15693_INVENTORY;
		req[2] = 0; // mask length
		reqlen = AddCrc(req,3);
		c.arg[0] = reqlen;
	
		SendCommand(&c);
		
		if (WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,&resp,1000)) {
			recv = resp.d.asBytes;
			if (resp.arg[0]>=12 && ISO15693_CRC_CHECK==Crc(recv,12)) {
			   memcpy(buf,&recv[2],8);
			   return 1;
			} 
		} 
	} // retry
	return 0;
}


// return a clear-text message to an errorcode
static char* TagErrorStr(uint8_t error) {
	switch (error) {
		case 0x01: return "The command is not supported";
		case 0x02: return "The command is not recognised";
		case 0x03: return "The option is not supported.";
		case 0x0f: return "Unknown error.";
		case 0x10: return "The specified block is not available (doesn't exist).";
		case 0x11: return "The specified block is already -locked and thus cannot be locked again";
		case 0x12: return "The specified block is locked and its content cannot be changed.";
		case 0x13: return "The specified block was not successfully programmed.";
		case 0x14: return "The specified block was not successfully locked.";
		default: return "Reserved for Future Use or Custom command error.";
	}
}


// Mode 3
int CmdHF15Demod(const char *Cmd)
{
	// The sampling rate is 106.353 ksps/s, for T = 18.8 us
	
	int i, j;
	int max = 0, maxPos = 0;

	int skip = 2;

	if (GraphTraceLen < 2000) return 0;

	// First, correlate for SOF
	for (i = 0; i < 200; i++) {
		int corr = 0;
		for (j = 0; j < arraylen(Iso15693FrameSOF); j += skip) {
			corr += Iso15693FrameSOF[j] * GraphBuffer[i + (j / skip)];
		}
		if (corr > max) {
			max = corr;
			maxPos = i;
		}
	}
	PrintAndLog("SOF at %d, correlation %d", maxPos,
		max / (arraylen(Iso15693FrameSOF) / skip));
	
	i = maxPos + arraylen(Iso15693FrameSOF) / skip;
	int k = 0;
	uint8_t outBuf[20];
	memset(outBuf, 0, sizeof(outBuf));
	uint8_t mask = 0x01;
	for (;;) {
			int corr0 = 0, corr00 = 0, corr01 = 0, corr1 = 0, corrEOF = 0;
			for(j = 0; j < arraylen(Iso15693Logic0); j += skip) {
				corr0 += Iso15693Logic0[j]*GraphBuffer[i+(j/skip)];
			}
			corr01 = corr00 = corr0;
			for(j = 0; j < arraylen(Iso15693Logic0); j += skip) {
				corr00 += Iso15693Logic0[j]*GraphBuffer[i+arraylen(Iso15693Logic0)/skip+(j/skip)];
				corr01 += Iso15693Logic1[j]*GraphBuffer[i+arraylen(Iso15693Logic0)/skip+(j/skip)];
			}
			for(j = 0; j < arraylen(Iso15693Logic1); j += skip) {
				corr1 += Iso15693Logic1[j]*GraphBuffer[i+(j/skip)];
			}
			for(j = 0; j < arraylen(Iso15693FrameEOF); j += skip) {
				corrEOF += Iso15693FrameEOF[j]*GraphBuffer[i+(j/skip)];
			}
			// Even things out by the length of the target waveform.
			corr00 *= 2;
			corr01 *= 2;
			corr0 *= 4;
			corr1 *= 4;
	
			if(corrEOF > corr1 && corrEOF > corr00 && corrEOF > corr01) {
				PrintAndLog("EOF at %d", i);
				break;
		} else if (corr1 > corr0) {
			i += arraylen(Iso15693Logic1) / skip;
			outBuf[k] |= mask;
		} else {
			i += arraylen(Iso15693Logic0) / skip;
		}
		mask <<= 1;
		if (mask == 0) {
			k++;
			mask = 0x01;
		}
		if ((i + (int)arraylen(Iso15693FrameEOF)) >= GraphTraceLen) {
			PrintAndLog("ran off end!");
			break;
		}
	}
	if (mask != 0x01) {
		PrintAndLog("error, uneven octet! (discard extra bits!)");
		PrintAndLog("   mask=%02x", mask);
	}
	PrintAndLog("%d octets", k);
	
	for (i = 0; i < k; i++) {
		PrintAndLog("# %2d: %02x ", i, outBuf[i]);
	}
	PrintAndLog("CRC=%04x", Iso15693Crc(outBuf, k - 2));
	return 0;
}



// * Acquire Samples as Reader (enables carrier, sends inquiry)
int CmdHF15Read(const char *Cmd)
{
	UsbCommand c = {CMD_ACQUIRE_RAW_ADC_SAMPLES_ISO_15693};
	SendCommand(&c);
	return 0;
}

// Record Activity without enabling carrier
int CmdHF15Snoop(const char *Cmd)
{
	UsbCommand c = {CMD_SNOOP_ISO_15693};
	SendCommand(&c);
	return 0;
}

int HF15Reader(const char *Cmd, bool verbose)
{
	uint8_t uid[8];

	if (!getUID(uid)) {
		if (verbose) PrintAndLog("No Tag found.");
		return 0;
	}

	PrintAndLog("UID:               %s", sprintUID(NULL,uid));
	PrintAndLog("Manufacturer byte: %02X, %s", uid[6], getManufacturerName(uid[6]));
	PrintAndLog("Chip ID:           %02X, %s", uid[5], getChipInfo(uid[6], uid[5]));
	return 1;
}

int CmdHF15Reader(const char *Cmd)
{
	UsbCommand c = {CMD_READER_ISO_15693, {strtol(Cmd, NULL, 0), 0, 0}};
	SendCommand(&c);
	return 0;
}

// Simulation is still not working very good
int CmdHF15Sim(const char *Cmd)
{
	char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
	uint8_t uid[8] = {0x00};

	//E0 16 24 00 00 00 00 00
	if (cmdp == 'h' || cmdp == 'H') {
		PrintAndLog("Usage:  hf 15 sim <UID>");
		PrintAndLog("");
		PrintAndLog("     sample: hf 15 sim E016240000000000");
		return 0;
	}

	if (param_gethex(Cmd, 0, uid, 16)) {
		PrintAndLog("UID must include 16 HEX symbols");
		return 0;
	}
	
	PrintAndLog("Starting simulating UID %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X",
			uid[0],uid[1],uid[2],uid[3],uid[4], uid[5], uid[6], uid[7]);
	PrintAndLog("Press the button to stop simulation");

	UsbCommand c = {CMD_SIMTAG_ISO_15693, {0, 0, 0}};
	memcpy(c.d.asBytes,uid,8);
	
	SendCommand(&c);
	return 0;
}

// finds the AFI (Application Family Idendifier) of a card, by trying all values
// (There is no standard way of reading the AFI, allthough some tags support this)
int CmdHF15Afi(const char *Cmd)
{
	UsbCommand c = {CMD_ISO_15693_FIND_AFI, {strtol(Cmd, NULL, 0), 0, 0}};
	SendCommand(&c);
	return 0;
}

// Reads all memory pages
int CmdHF15DumpMem(const char*Cmd) {
	UsbCommand resp;
	uint8_t uid[8];	
	uint8_t *recv=NULL;
	UsbCommand c = {CMD_ISO_15693_COMMAND, {0, 1, 1}}; // len,speed,recv?
	uint8_t *req=c.d.asBytes;
	int reqlen=0;
	int blocknum=0;
	char output[80];
		
	if (!getUID(uid)) {
		PrintAndLog("No Tag found.");
		return 0;
	}
	
	PrintAndLog("Reading memory from tag");
	PrintAndLog("UID:               %s", sprintUID(NULL,uid));
	PrintAndLog("Manufacturer byte: %02X, %s", uid[6], getManufacturerName(uid[6]));
	PrintAndLog("Chip ID:           %02X, %s", uid[5], getChipInfo(uid[6], uid[5]));

	for (int retry=0; retry<5; retry++) {
		
		req[0]= ISO15693_REQ_DATARATE_HIGH | ISO15693_REQ_ADDRESS;
		req[1] = ISO15693_READBLOCK;
		memcpy(&req[2],uid,8);
		req[10] = blocknum;
		reqlen = AddCrc(req,11);
		c.arg[0] = reqlen;
	
		SendCommand(&c);
		
		if (WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,&resp,1000)) {
			recv = resp.d.asBytes;
			if (ISO15693_CRC_CHECK==Crc(recv,resp.arg[0])) {
				if (!(recv[0] & ISO15693_RES_ERROR)) {
					retry=0;
					*output=0; // reset outputstring
					sprintf(output, "Block %02x   ",blocknum);
					for ( int i=1; i<resp.arg[0]-2; i++) { // data in hex
						sprintf(output+strlen(output),"%02X ",recv[i]);
					}					
					strcat(output,"   "); 
					for ( int i=1; i<resp.arg[0]-2; i++) { // data in cleaned ascii
						sprintf(output+strlen(output),"%c",(recv[i]>31 && recv[i]<127)?recv[i]:'.');					
					}					
					PrintAndLog("%s",output);	
					blocknum++;
					// PrintAndLog("bn=%i",blocknum);
				} else {
					PrintAndLog("Tag returned Error %i: %s",recv[1],TagErrorStr(recv[1])); 
					return 1;
				}
			} // else PrintAndLog("crc");
		} // else PrintAndLog("r null");
	} // retry
  // TODO: need fix
//	if (resp.arg[0]<3)
//		PrintAndLog("Lost Connection");
//	else if (ISO15693_CRC_CHECK!=Crc(resp.d.asBytes,resp.arg[0]))
//		PrintAndLog("CRC Failed");
//	else 
//		PrintAndLog("Tag returned Error %i: %s",recv[1],TagErrorStr(recv[1])); 
	return 1;
}


// "HF 15" interface

static command_t CommandTable15[] = 
{
	{"help",    CmdHF15Help,    1, "This help"},
	{"demod",   CmdHF15Demod,   1, "Demodulate ISO15693 from tag"},
	{"read",    CmdHF15Read,    0, "Read HF tag (ISO 15693)"},
	{"snoop",   CmdHF15Snoop,   0, "Eavesdrop ISO 15693 communications"},
	{"reader",  CmdHF15Reader,  0, "Act like an ISO15693 reader"},
	{"sim",     CmdHF15Sim,     0, "Fake an ISO15693 tag"},
	{"cmd",     CmdHF15Cmd,     0, "Send direct commands to ISO15693 tag"},
	{"findafi", CmdHF15Afi,     0, "Brute force AFI of an ISO15693 tag"},
	{"dumpmemory", CmdHF15DumpMem,     0, "Read all memory pages of an ISO15693 tag"},
	{"csetuid",	CmdHF15CSetUID,	0,	"Set UID for magic Chinese card"},
	{NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}
};

int CmdHF15(const char *Cmd)
{
	CmdsParse(CommandTable15, Cmd);
	return 0;
}

int CmdHF15Help(const char *Cmd)
{
	CmdsHelp(CommandTable15);
	return 0;
}


// "HF 15 Cmd" Interface
// Allows direct communication with the tag on command level

int CmdHF15CmdInquiry(const char *Cmd) 
{
	UsbCommand resp;
	uint8_t *recv;
	UsbCommand c = {CMD_ISO_15693_COMMAND, {0, 1, 1}}; // len,speed,recv?
	uint8_t *req=c.d.asBytes;
	int reqlen=0;
	
	req[0] = ISO15693_REQ_DATARATE_HIGH | ISO15693_REQ_INVENTORY | ISO15693_REQINV_SLOT1;
	req[1] = ISO15693_INVENTORY;
	req[2] = 0; // mask length
	reqlen=AddCrc(req,3);
	c.arg[0] = reqlen;

	SendCommand(&c);
	
	if (WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,&resp,1000)) {
		if (resp.arg[0]>=12) {
			recv = resp.d.asBytes;
			PrintAndLog("UID:               %s", sprintUID(NULL,recv+2));
			PrintAndLog("Manufacturer byte: %02X, %s", recv[8], getManufacturerName(recv[8]));
			PrintAndLog("Chip ID:           %02X, %s", recv[7], getChipInfo(recv[8], recv[7]));
		} else {
			PrintAndLog("Response to short, just %i bytes. No tag?\n",resp.arg[0]);
		}
	} else {
		PrintAndLog("timeout.");
	}
	return 0;
}


// Turns debugging on(1)/off(0)
int CmdHF15CmdDebug( const char *cmd) {
	int debug = atoi(cmd);
	if (strlen(cmd) < 1) {
		PrintAndLog("Usage: hf 15 debug <0|1>");
		PrintAndLog("	0 no debugging");
		PrintAndLog("	1 turn debugging on");	
		return 0;
	}

	UsbCommand c = {CMD_ISO_15693_DEBUG, {debug, 0, 0}};
	SendCommand(&c);
	return 0;
}


int CmdHF15CmdRaw (const char *cmd) {
	UsbCommand resp;
	uint8_t *recv;
	UsbCommand c = {CMD_ISO_15693_COMMAND, {0, 1, 1}}; // len,speed,recv?
	int reply=1;
	int fast=1;	
	int crc=0;
	char buf[5]="";
	int i=0;
	uint8_t data[100];
	unsigned int datalen=0, temp;
	char *hexout;

	
	if (strlen(cmd)<3) {
		PrintAndLog("Usage: hf 15 cmd raw  [-r] [-2] [-c] <0A 0B 0C ... hex>");
		PrintAndLog("       -r    do not read response");
		PrintAndLog("       -2    use slower '1 out of 256' mode");
		PrintAndLog("       -c	  calculate and append CRC");
		PrintAndLog(" Tip: turn on debugging for verbose output");		
		return 0;	
	}

	// strip
	while (*cmd==' ' || *cmd=='\t') cmd++;
	
	while (cmd[i]!='\0') {
		if (cmd[i]==' ' || cmd[i]=='\t') { i++; continue; }
		if (cmd[i]=='-') {
			switch (cmd[i+1]) {
				case 'r': 
				case 'R': 
					reply=0;
					break;
				case '2':
					fast=0;
					break;
				case 'c':
				case 'C':				
					crc=1;
					break;
				default:
					PrintAndLog("Invalid option");
					return 0;
			}
			i+=2;
			continue;
		}
		if ((cmd[i]>='0' && cmd[i]<='9') ||
		    (cmd[i]>='a' && cmd[i]<='f') ||
		    (cmd[i]>='A' && cmd[i]<='F') ) {
		    buf[strlen(buf)+1]=0;
		    buf[strlen(buf)]=cmd[i];
		    i++;
		    
		    if (strlen(buf)>=2) {
		    	sscanf(buf,"%x",&temp);
		    	data[datalen]=(uint8_t)(temp & 0xff);
		    	datalen++;
		    	*buf=0;
		    }
		    continue;
		}
		PrintAndLog("Invalid char on input");
		return 0;
	}
	if (crc) datalen=AddCrc(data,datalen);
	
	c.arg[0]=datalen;
	c.arg[1]=fast;
	c.arg[2]=reply;
	memcpy(c.d.asBytes,data,datalen);
	
	SendCommand(&c);
	
	if (reply) {
		if (WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,&resp,1000)) {
			recv = resp.d.asBytes;
			PrintAndLog("received %i octets",resp.arg[0]);
			hexout = (char *)malloc(resp.arg[0] * 3 + 1);
			if (hexout != NULL) {
				for (int i = 0; i < resp.arg[0]; i++) { // data in hex
					sprintf(&hexout[i * 3], "%02X ", recv[i]);
				}
				PrintAndLog("%s", hexout);
				free(hexout);
			}
		} else {
			PrintAndLog("timeout while waiting for reply.");
		}
		
	} // if reply
	return 0;
}


/**
 * parses common HF 15 CMD parameters and prepares some data structures
 * Parameters:
 *  **cmd   	command line
 */
int prepareHF15Cmd(char **cmd, UsbCommand *c, uint8_t iso15cmd[], int iso15cmdlen) {
	int temp;
	uint8_t *req=c->d.asBytes;
	uint8_t uid[8] = {0x00};
	uint32_t reqlen=0;

	// strip
	while (**cmd==' ' || **cmd=='\t') (*cmd)++;
	
	if (strstr(*cmd,"-2")==*cmd) {
	 	c->arg[1]=0; // use 1of256
	 	(*cmd)+=2;
	}

	// strip
	while (**cmd==' ' || **cmd=='\t') (*cmd)++;
	
	if (strstr(*cmd,"-o")==*cmd) {
	 	req[reqlen]=ISO15693_REQ_OPTION;
	 	(*cmd)+=2;
	}
	
	// strip
	while (**cmd==' ' || **cmd=='\t') (*cmd)++;
	
	switch (**cmd) {
		case 0:
			PrintAndLog("missing addr");
			return 0;
			break;
		case 's':
		case 'S':
			// you must have selected the tag earlier
			req[reqlen++] |= ISO15693_REQ_DATARATE_HIGH | ISO15693_REQ_SELECT;
			memcpy(&req[reqlen],&iso15cmd[0],iso15cmdlen);
			reqlen += iso15cmdlen;		   
		   break;
		case 'u':
		case 'U':
			// unaddressed mode may not be supported by all vendors
			req[reqlen++] |= ISO15693_REQ_DATARATE_HIGH;
			memcpy(&req[reqlen],&iso15cmd[0],iso15cmdlen);
			reqlen += iso15cmdlen;		   
		   break;
		case '*':
			// we scan for the UID ourself
			req[reqlen++] |= ISO15693_REQ_DATARATE_HIGH | ISO15693_REQ_ADDRESS;
			memcpy(&req[reqlen],&iso15cmd[0],iso15cmdlen);
			reqlen+=iso15cmdlen;		   
			if (!getUID(uid)) {
				PrintAndLog("No Tag found");
				return 0;
			}
			memcpy(req+reqlen,uid,8);
			PrintAndLog("Detected UID %s",sprintUID(NULL,uid));
			reqlen+=8;
			break;			
		default:
			req[reqlen++] |= ISO15693_REQ_DATARATE_HIGH | ISO15693_REQ_ADDRESS;
			memcpy(&req[reqlen],&iso15cmd[0],iso15cmdlen);
			reqlen+=iso15cmdlen;		   
		   
/* 			sscanf(cmd,"%hX%hX%hX%hX%hX%hX%hX%hX",
				(short unsigned int *)&uid[7],(short unsigned int *)&uid[6],
				(short unsigned int *)&uid[5],(short unsigned int *)&uid[4],
				(short unsigned int *)&uid[3],(short unsigned int *)&uid[2],
				(short unsigned int *)&uid[1],(short unsigned int *)&uid[0]); */
			for (int i=0;i<8 && (*cmd)[i*2] && (*cmd)[i*2+1];i++) { // parse UID
				sscanf((char[]){(*cmd)[i*2],(*cmd)[i*2+1],0},"%X",&temp);
				uid[7-i]=temp&0xff;
			}				
				
			PrintAndLog("Using UID %s",sprintUID(NULL,uid));
			memcpy(&req[reqlen],&uid[0],8);		   
		   reqlen+=8;
	}
	// skip to next space		
	while (**cmd!=' ' && **cmd!='\t') (*cmd)++;
	// skip over the space
	while (**cmd==' ' || **cmd=='\t') (*cmd)++;
	
	c->arg[0]=reqlen;	
	return 1;
}

/**
 * Commandline handling: HF15 CMD SYSINFO
 * get system information from tag/VICC
 */
int CmdHF15CmdSysinfo(const char *Cmd) {
	UsbCommand resp;
	uint8_t *recv;
	UsbCommand c = {CMD_ISO_15693_COMMAND, {0, 1, 1}}; // len,speed,recv?
	uint8_t *req=c.d.asBytes;
	int reqlen=0;
	char cmdbuf[100];
	char *cmd=cmdbuf;
	char output[2048]="";
	int i;
	
	strncpy(cmd,Cmd,99);

	// usage:
	if (strlen(cmd)<1) {
		PrintAndLog("Usage:  hf 15 cmd sysinfo    [options] <uid|s|u|*>");
		PrintAndLog("           options:");
		PrintAndLog("               -2        use slower '1 out of 256' mode");
		PrintAndLog("           uid (either): ");
		PrintAndLog("               <8B hex>  full UID eg E011223344556677");
		PrintAndLog("               s         selected tag");
		PrintAndLog("               u         unaddressed mode");
		PrintAndLog("               *         scan for tag");
		PrintAndLog("           start#:       page number to start 0-255");  
		PrintAndLog("           count#:       number of pages");  
		return 0;
	}	
	
	prepareHF15Cmd(&cmd, &c,(uint8_t[]){ISO15693_GET_SYSTEM_INFO},1);	
	reqlen=c.arg[0];
	
	reqlen=AddCrc(req,reqlen);
	c.arg[0]=reqlen;

	SendCommand(&c);

	if (WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,&resp,1000) && resp.arg[0]>2) {
		recv = resp.d.asBytes;
		if (ISO15693_CRC_CHECK==Crc(recv,resp.arg[0])) {
			if (!(recv[0] & ISO15693_RES_ERROR)) {
				*output=0; // reset outputstring
				PrintAndLog("UID:               %s", sprintUID(NULL,recv+2));
				PrintAndLog("Manufacturer byte: %02X, %s", recv[8], getManufacturerName(recv[8]));
				PrintAndLog("Chip ID:           %02X, %s", recv[7], getChipInfo(recv[8], recv[7]));
				i=10;
				if (recv[1] & 0x01) 
					sprintf(output+strlen(output),"DSFID supported, set to %02X\n\r",recv[i++]);
				else 
					strcat(output,"DSFID not supported\n\r");
				if (recv[1] & 0x02) 
					sprintf(output+strlen(output),"AFI supported, set to %03X\n\r",recv[i++]);
				else 
					strcat(output,"AFI not supported\n\r");
				if (recv[1] & 0x04) {
					strcat(output,"Tag provides info on memory layout (vendor dependent)\n\r");
					sprintf(output+strlen(output)," %i (or %i) bytes/page x %i pages \n\r",
							(recv[i+1]&0x1F)+1, (recv[i+1]&0x1F), recv[i]+1);
					i+=2;
				} else 
					strcat(output,"Tag does not provide information on memory layout\n\r");
				if (recv[1] & 0x08) sprintf(output+strlen(output),"IC reference given: %02X\n\r",recv[i++]);
					else strcat(output,"IC reference not given\n\r");


				PrintAndLog("%s",output);	
			} else {
				PrintAndLog("Tag returned Error %i: %s",recv[0],TagErrorStr(recv[0])); 
			}		   
		} else {
			PrintAndLog("CRC failed");
		}
	} else {
		PrintAndLog("timeout: no answer");
	}
	
	return 0;
}

/**
 * Commandline handling: HF15 CMD READMULTI
 * Read multiple blocks at once (not all tags support this)
 */
int CmdHF15CmdReadmulti(const char *Cmd) {
	UsbCommand resp;
	uint8_t *recv;
	UsbCommand c = {CMD_ISO_15693_COMMAND, {0, 1, 1}}; // len,speed,recv?
	uint8_t *req=c.d.asBytes;
	int reqlen=0, pagenum,pagecount;
	char cmdbuf[100];
	char *cmd=cmdbuf;
	char output[2048]="";
	
	strncpy(cmd,Cmd,99);

	// usage:
	if (strlen(cmd)<3) {
		PrintAndLog("Usage:  hf 15 cmd readmulti  [options] <uid|s|u|*> <start#> <count#>");
		PrintAndLog("           options:");
		PrintAndLog("               -2        use slower '1 out of 256' mode");
		PrintAndLog("           uid (either): ");
		PrintAndLog("               <8B hex>  full UID eg E011223344556677");
		PrintAndLog("               s         selected tag");
		PrintAndLog("               u         unaddressed mode");
		PrintAndLog("               *         scan for tag");
		PrintAndLog("           start#:       page number to start 0-255");  
		PrintAndLog("           count#:       number of pages");  
		return 0;
	}	
	
	prepareHF15Cmd(&cmd, &c,(uint8_t[]){ISO15693_READ_MULTI_BLOCK},1);	
	reqlen=c.arg[0];

	pagenum=strtol(cmd,NULL,0);

	// skip to next space		
	while (*cmd!=' ' && *cmd!='\t') cmd++;
	// skip over the space
	while (*cmd==' ' || *cmd=='\t') cmd++;

	pagecount=strtol(cmd,NULL,0);
	if (pagecount>0) pagecount--; // 0 means 1 page, 1 means 2 pages, ...	
	
	req[reqlen++]=(uint8_t)pagenum;
	req[reqlen++]=(uint8_t)pagecount;
	
	reqlen=AddCrc(req,reqlen);
	
	c.arg[0]=reqlen;

	SendCommand(&c);

	if (WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,&resp,1000) && resp.arg[0]>2) {
		recv = resp.d.asBytes;
		if (ISO15693_CRC_CHECK==Crc(recv,resp.arg[0])) {
			if (!(recv[0] & ISO15693_RES_ERROR)) {
				*output=0; // reset outputstring
				for ( int i=1; i<resp.arg[0]-2; i++) {
					sprintf(output+strlen(output),"%02X ",recv[i]);
				}					
				strcat(output,"   ");
				for ( int i=1; i<resp.arg[0]-2; i++) {
					sprintf(output+strlen(output),"%c",recv[i]>31 && recv[i]<127?recv[i]:'.');					
				}					
				PrintAndLog("%s",output);	
			} else {
				PrintAndLog("Tag returned Error %i: %s",recv[0],TagErrorStr(recv[0])); 
			}		   
		} else {
			PrintAndLog("CRC failed");
		}
	} else {
		PrintAndLog("no answer");
	}
	
	return 0;
}

/**
 * Commandline handling: HF15 CMD READ
 * Reads a single Block
 */
int CmdHF15CmdRead(const char *Cmd) {
	UsbCommand resp;
	uint8_t *recv;
	UsbCommand c = {CMD_ISO_15693_COMMAND, {0, 1, 1}}; // len,speed,recv?
	uint8_t *req=c.d.asBytes;
	int reqlen=0, pagenum;
	char cmdbuf[100];
	char *cmd=cmdbuf;
	char output[100]="";
	
	strncpy(cmd,Cmd,99);

	// usage:
	if (strlen(cmd)<3) {
		PrintAndLog("Usage:  hf 15 cmd read    [options] <uid|s|u|*> <page#>");
		PrintAndLog("           options:");
		PrintAndLog("               -2        use slower '1 out of 256' mode");
		PrintAndLog("           uid (either): ");
		PrintAndLog("               <8B hex>  full UID eg E011223344556677");
		PrintAndLog("               s         selected tag");
		PrintAndLog("               u         unaddressed mode");
		PrintAndLog("               *         scan for tag");
		PrintAndLog("           page#:        page number 0-255");  
		return 0;
	}	
	
	prepareHF15Cmd(&cmd, &c,(uint8_t[]){ISO15693_READBLOCK},1);	
	reqlen=c.arg[0];

	pagenum=strtol(cmd,NULL,0);
	/*if (pagenum<0) {
		PrintAndLog("invalid pagenum");
		return 0;
	}	*/
	
	req[reqlen++]=(uint8_t)pagenum;
	
	reqlen=AddCrc(req,reqlen);
	
	c.arg[0]=reqlen;

	SendCommand(&c);

	if (WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,&resp,1000) && resp.arg[0]>2) {
		recv = resp.d.asBytes;
		if (ISO15693_CRC_CHECK==Crc(recv,resp.arg[0])) {
			if (!(recv[0] & ISO15693_RES_ERROR)) {
				*output=0; // reset outputstring
				//sprintf(output, "Block %2i   ",blocknum);
				for ( int i=1; i<resp.arg[0]-2; i++) {
					sprintf(output+strlen(output),"%02X ",recv[i]);
				}					
				strcat(output,"   ");
				for ( int i=1; i<resp.arg[0]-2; i++) {
					sprintf(output+strlen(output),"%c",recv[i]>31 && recv[i]<127?recv[i]:'.');					
				}					
				PrintAndLog("%s",output);	
			} else {
				PrintAndLog("Tag returned Error %i: %s",recv[1],TagErrorStr(recv[1])); 
			}		   
		} else {
			PrintAndLog("CRC failed");
		}
	} else {
		PrintAndLog("no answer");
	}
	
	return 0;
}


/**
 * Commandline handling: HF15 CMD WRITE
 * Writes a single Block - might run into timeout, even when successful
 */
int CmdHF15CmdWrite(const char *Cmd) {
	UsbCommand resp;
	uint8_t *recv;
	UsbCommand c = {CMD_ISO_15693_COMMAND, {0, 1, 1}}; // len,speed,recv?
	uint8_t *req=c.d.asBytes;
	int reqlen=0, pagenum, temp;
	char cmdbuf[100];
	char *cmd=cmdbuf;
	char *cmd2;
	
	strncpy(cmd,Cmd,99);

	// usage:
	if (strlen(cmd)<3) {
		PrintAndLog("Usage:  hf 15 cmd write    [options] <uid|s|u|*> <page#> <hexdata>");
		PrintAndLog("           options:");
		PrintAndLog("               -2        use slower '1 out of 256' mode");
		PrintAndLog("               -o        set OPTION Flag (needed for TI)");
		PrintAndLog("           uid (either): ");
		PrintAndLog("               <8B hex>  full UID eg E011223344556677");
		PrintAndLog("               s         selected tag");
		PrintAndLog("               u         unaddressed mode");
		PrintAndLog("               *         scan for tag");
		PrintAndLog("           page#:        page number 0-255");  
		PrintAndLog("           hexdata:      data to be written eg AA BB CC DD");  
		return 0;
	}	
	
	prepareHF15Cmd(&cmd, &c,(uint8_t[]){ISO15693_WRITEBLOCK},1);	
	reqlen=c.arg[0];
	
	// *cmd -> page num ; *cmd2 -> data 
	cmd2=cmd;
	while (*cmd2!=' ' && *cmd2!='\t' && *cmd2) cmd2++;
	*cmd2=0;
	cmd2++;	
		
	pagenum=strtol(cmd,NULL,0);
	/*if (pagenum<0) {
		PrintAndLog("invalid pagenum");
		return 0;
	}	*/	
	req[reqlen++]=(uint8_t)pagenum;
	
	
	while (cmd2[0] && cmd2[1]) { // hexdata, read by 2 hexchars 
		if (*cmd2==' ') {
			cmd2++; 
			continue; 
		}
		sscanf((char[]){cmd2[0],cmd2[1],0},"%X",&temp);
		req[reqlen++]=temp & 0xff;
		cmd2+=2;
	} 
	
	reqlen=AddCrc(req,reqlen);
	
	c.arg[0]=reqlen;

	SendCommand(&c);

	if (WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,&resp,2000) && resp.arg[0]>2) {
		recv = resp.d.asBytes;
		if (ISO15693_CRC_CHECK==Crc(recv,resp.arg[0])) {
			if (!(recv[0] & ISO15693_RES_ERROR)) {					
				PrintAndLog("OK");	
			} else {
				PrintAndLog("Tag returned Error %i: %s",recv[1],TagErrorStr(recv[1])); 
			}		   
		} else {
			PrintAndLog("CRC failed");
		}
	} else {
		PrintAndLog("timeout: no answer - data may be written anyway");
	}
	
	return 0;
}

int CmdHF15CSetUID(const char *Cmd)
{
  uint8_t uid[8] = {0x00};
  uint8_t oldUid[8], newUid[8] = {0x00};

  uint8_t needHelp = 0;
  char cmdp = 1;

  if (param_getchar(Cmd, 0) && param_gethex(Cmd, 0, uid, 16)) {	
    PrintAndLog("UID must include 16 HEX symbols");
    return 1;
  }

  if (uid[0] != 0xe0) {
    PrintAndLog("UID must begin with the byte 'E0'");
    return 1;
  }

  while(param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp) != 0x00)
  {
    switch(param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp))
    {
    case 'h':
    case 'H':
      needHelp = 1;
      break;
    default:
      PrintAndLog("ERROR: Unknown parameter '%c'", param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp));
      needHelp = 1;
      break;
    }
    cmdp++;
  }

  if (strlen(Cmd) < 1 || needHelp) {
    PrintAndLog("");
    PrintAndLog("Usage:  hf 15 csetuid <UID 16 hex symbols>");
    PrintAndLog("sample:  hf 15 csetuid E004013344556677");
    PrintAndLog("Set UID for magic Chinese card (only works with such cards)");
    return 0;
  }

  PrintAndLog("");
  PrintAndLog("new UID | %s", sprint_hex(uid, 8));
  PrintAndLog("Using backdoor Magic tag function");

  if (!getUID(oldUid)) {
    PrintAndLog("Can't get old UID.");
    return 1;
  }

  UsbCommand resp;
  uint8_t *recv;
  char *hexout;
  UsbCommand c = {CMD_CSETUID_ISO_15693, {0, 0, 0}};
  memcpy(c.d.asBytes, uid, 8);
	
  SendCommand(&c);

  for (int i=0; i<4; i++) {
    if (WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,&resp,1000)) {
      recv = resp.d.asBytes;
      PrintAndLog("received %i octets",resp.arg[0]);
      hexout = (char *)malloc(resp.arg[0] * 3 + 1);
      if (hexout != NULL) {
        for (int i = 0; i < resp.arg[0]; i++) { // data in hex
          sprintf(&hexout[i * 3], "%02X ", recv[i]);
        }
        PrintAndLog("%s", hexout);
        free(hexout);
      }
    } else {
      PrintAndLog("timeout while waiting for reply.");
    }
  }

  if (!getUID(newUid)) {
    PrintAndLog("Can't get new UID.");
    return 1;
  }

  PrintAndLog("");
  PrintAndLog("old UID : %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X", oldUid[7], oldUid[6], oldUid[5], oldUid[4], oldUid[3], oldUid[2], oldUid[1], oldUid[0]);
  PrintAndLog("new UID : %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X", newUid[7], newUid[6], newUid[5], newUid[4], newUid[3], newUid[2], newUid[1], newUid[0]);
  return 0;
}


static command_t CommandTable15Cmd[] =
{
	{"help",    CmdHF15CmdHelp,    1, "This Help"},
 	{"inquiry", CmdHF15CmdInquiry, 0, "Search for tags in range"},
 /*	
	{"select",  CmdHF15CmdSelect, 0, "Select an tag with a specific UID for further commands"},
 */
	{"read",    CmdHF15CmdRead,    0, "Read a block"},	
	{"write",   CmdHF15CmdWrite,    0, "Write a block"},	
	{"readmulti",CmdHF15CmdReadmulti,    0, "Reads multiple Blocks"},
	{"sysinfo",CmdHF15CmdSysinfo,    0, "Get Card Information"},
	{"raw",		 CmdHF15CmdRaw,		0,	"Send raw hex data to tag"},
	{"csetuid",	CmdHF15CSetUID,	0,	"Set UID for magic Chinese card"},
	{"debug",    CmdHF15CmdDebug,    0, "Turn debugging on/off"},
	{NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}
};

int CmdHF15Cmd(const char *Cmd)
{
	CmdsParse(CommandTable15Cmd, Cmd);
	return 0;
}
	
int CmdHF15CmdHelp(const char *Cmd)
{
	CmdsHelp(CommandTable15Cmd);
	return 0;
}