[proxmark3-svn] / client / flash.c

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (C) 2010 Hector Martin "marcan" <marcan@marcansoft.com>
//
// This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or,
// at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of
// the license.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// ELF file flasher
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include "proxmark3.h"
#include "util.h"
#include "util_posix.h"
#include "flash.h"
#include "elf.h"
#include "proxendian.h"
#include "usb_cmd.h"
#include "uart.h"

void SendCommand(UsbCommand* txcmd);
void ReceiveCommand(UsbCommand* rxcmd);

serial_port sp;

// FIXME: what the fuckity fuck
unsigned int current_command = CMD_UNKNOWN;

#define FLASH_START            0x100000
#define FLASH_SIZE             (256*1024)
#define FLASH_END              (FLASH_START + FLASH_SIZE)
#define BOOTLOADER_SIZE        0x2000
#define BOOTLOADER_END         (FLASH_START + BOOTLOADER_SIZE)

#define BLOCK_SIZE             0x200

static const uint8_t elf_ident[] = {
	0x7f, 'E', 'L', 'F',
	ELFCLASS32,
	ELFDATA2LSB,
	EV_CURRENT
};

void CloseProxmark(const char *serial_port_name) {
	// Clean up the port
	uart_close(sp);
	// Fix for linux, it seems that it is extremely slow to release the serial port file descriptor /dev/*
	unlink(serial_port_name);
}

int OpenProxmark(size_t i, const char *serial_port_name) {
	sp = uart_open(serial_port_name);
	if (sp == INVALID_SERIAL_PORT || sp == CLAIMED_SERIAL_PORT) {
		//poll once a second
		return 0;
	}
	return 1;
}

// Turn PHDRs into flasher segments, checking for PHDR sanity and merging adjacent
// unaligned segments if needed
static int build_segs_from_phdrs(flash_file_t *ctx, FILE *fd, Elf32_Phdr *phdrs, int num_phdrs)
{
	Elf32_Phdr *phdr = phdrs;
	flash_seg_t *seg;
	uint32_t last_end = 0;

	ctx->segments = malloc(sizeof(flash_seg_t) * num_phdrs);
	if (!ctx->segments) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
		return -1;
	}
	ctx->num_segs = 0;
	seg = ctx->segments;

	fprintf(stderr, "Loading usable ELF segments:\n");
	for (int i = 0; i < num_phdrs; i++) {
		if (le32(phdr->p_type) != PT_LOAD) {
			phdr++;
			continue;
		}
		uint32_t vaddr = le32(phdr->p_vaddr);
		uint32_t paddr = le32(phdr->p_paddr);
		uint32_t filesz = le32(phdr->p_filesz);
		uint32_t memsz = le32(phdr->p_memsz);
		uint32_t offset = le32(phdr->p_offset);
		uint32_t flags = le32(phdr->p_flags);
		if (!filesz) {
			phdr++;
			continue;
		}
		fprintf(stderr, "%d: V 0x%08x P 0x%08x (0x%08x->0x%08x) [%c%c%c] @0x%x\n",
		        i, vaddr, paddr, filesz, memsz,
		        flags & PF_R ? 'R' : ' ',
		        flags & PF_W ? 'W' : ' ',
		        flags & PF_X ? 'X' : ' ',
		        offset);
		if (filesz != memsz) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDR file size does not equal memory size\n"
			                "(DATA+BSS PHDRs do not make sense on ROM platforms!)\n");
			return -1;
		}
		if (paddr < last_end) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDRs not sorted or overlap\n");
			return -1;
		}
		if (paddr < FLASH_START || (paddr+filesz) > FLASH_END) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDR is not contained in Flash\n");
			return -1;
		}
		if (vaddr >= FLASH_START && vaddr < FLASH_END && (flags & PF_W)) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error: Flash VMA segment is writable\n");
			return -1;
		}

		uint8_t *data;
		// make extra space if we need to move the data forward
		data = malloc(filesz + BLOCK_SIZE);
		if (!data) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
			return -1;
		}
		if (fseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0 || fread(data, 1, filesz, fd) != filesz) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading PHDR payload\n");
			free(data);
			return -1;
		}

		uint32_t block_offset = paddr & (BLOCK_SIZE-1);
		if (block_offset) {
			if (ctx->num_segs) {
				flash_seg_t *prev_seg = seg - 1;
				uint32_t this_end = paddr + filesz;
				uint32_t this_firstblock = paddr & ~(BLOCK_SIZE-1);
				uint32_t prev_lastblock = (last_end - 1) & ~(BLOCK_SIZE-1);

				if (this_firstblock == prev_lastblock) {
					uint32_t new_length = this_end - prev_seg->start;
					uint32_t this_offset = paddr - prev_seg->start;
					uint32_t hole = this_offset - prev_seg->length;
					uint8_t *new_data = malloc(new_length);
					if (!new_data) {
						fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
						free(data);
						return -1;
					}
					memset(new_data, 0xff, new_length);
					memcpy(new_data, prev_seg->data, prev_seg->length);
					memcpy(new_data + this_offset, data, filesz);
					fprintf(stderr, "Note: Extending previous segment from 0x%x to 0x%x bytes\n",
					        prev_seg->length, new_length);
					if (hole)
						fprintf(stderr, "Note: 0x%x-byte hole created\n", hole);
					free(data);
					free(prev_seg->data);
					prev_seg->data = new_data;
					prev_seg->length = new_length;
					last_end = this_end;
					phdr++;
					continue;
				}
			}
			fprintf(stderr, "Warning: segment does not begin on a block boundary, will pad\n");
			memmove(data + block_offset, data, filesz);
			memset(data, 0xFF, block_offset);
			filesz += block_offset;
			paddr -= block_offset;
		}

		seg->data = data;
		seg->start = paddr;
		seg->length = filesz;
		seg++;
		ctx->num_segs++;

		last_end = paddr + filesz;
		phdr++;
	}
	return 0;
}

// Sanity check segments and check for bootloader writes
static int check_segs(flash_file_t *ctx, int can_write_bl) {
	for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++) {
		flash_seg_t *seg = &ctx->segments[i];

		if (seg->start & (BLOCK_SIZE-1)) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is not aligned\n");
			return -1;
		}
		if (seg->start < FLASH_START) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is outside of flash bounds\n");
			return -1;
		}
		if (seg->start + seg->length > FLASH_END) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is outside of flash bounds\n");
			return -1;
		}
		if (!can_write_bl && seg->start < BOOTLOADER_END) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Attempted to write bootloader but bootloader writes are not enabled\n");
			return -1;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

// Load an ELF file and prepare it for flashing
int flash_load(flash_file_t *ctx, const char *name, int can_write_bl)
{
	FILE *fd = NULL;
	Elf32_Ehdr ehdr;
	Elf32_Phdr *phdrs = NULL;
	int num_phdrs;
	int res;

	fd = fopen(name, "rb");
	if (!fd) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not open file '%s': ", name);
		perror(NULL);
		goto fail;
	}

	fprintf(stderr, "Loading ELF file '%s'...\n", name);

	if (fread(&ehdr, sizeof(ehdr), 1, fd) != 1) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF file header\n");
		goto fail;
	}
	if (memcmp(ehdr.e_ident, elf_ident, sizeof(elf_ident))
		|| le32(ehdr.e_version) != 1)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "Not an ELF file or wrong ELF type\n");
		goto fail;
	}
	if (le16(ehdr.e_type) != ET_EXEC) {
		fprintf(stderr, "ELF is not executable\n");
		goto fail;
	}
	if (le16(ehdr.e_machine) != EM_ARM) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Wrong ELF architecture\n");
		goto fail;
	}
	if (!ehdr.e_phnum || !ehdr.e_phoff) {
		fprintf(stderr, "ELF has no PHDRs\n");
		goto fail;
	}
	if (le16(ehdr.e_phentsize) != sizeof(Elf32_Phdr)) {
		// could be a structure padding issue...
		fprintf(stderr, "Either the ELF file or this code is made of fail\n");
		goto fail;
	}
	num_phdrs = le16(ehdr.e_phnum);

	phdrs = malloc(le16(ehdr.e_phnum) * sizeof(Elf32_Phdr));
	if (!phdrs) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
		goto fail;
	}
	if (fseek(fd, le32(ehdr.e_phoff), SEEK_SET) < 0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF PHDRs\n");
		goto fail;
	}
	if (fread(phdrs, sizeof(Elf32_Phdr), num_phdrs, fd) != num_phdrs) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF PHDRs\n");
		goto fail;
	}

	res = build_segs_from_phdrs(ctx, fd, phdrs, num_phdrs);
	if (res < 0)
		goto fail;
	res = check_segs(ctx, can_write_bl);
	if (res < 0)
		goto fail;

	free(phdrs);
	fclose(fd);
	ctx->filename = name;
	return 0;

fail:
	if (phdrs)
		free(phdrs);
	if (fd)
		fclose(fd);
	flash_free(ctx);
	return -1;
}

// Get the state of the proxmark, backwards compatible
static int get_proxmark_state(uint32_t *state)
{
	UsbCommand c;
	c.cmd = CMD_DEVICE_INFO;
	SendCommand(&c);
	UsbCommand resp;
	ReceiveCommand(&resp);

	// Three outcomes:
	// 1. The old bootrom code will ignore CMD_DEVICE_INFO, but respond with an ACK
	// 2. The old os code will respond with CMD_DEBUG_PRINT_STRING and "unknown command"
	// 3. The new bootrom and os codes will respond with CMD_DEVICE_INFO and flags

	switch (resp.cmd) {
		case CMD_ACK:
			*state = DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_BOOTROM;
			break;
		case CMD_DEBUG_PRINT_STRING:
			*state = DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_OS;
			break;
		case CMD_DEVICE_INFO:
			*state = resp.arg[0];
			break;
		default:
			fprintf(stderr, "Error: Couldn't get proxmark state, bad response type: 0x%04" PRIx64 "\n", resp.cmd);
			return -1;
			break;
	}

	return 0;
}

// Enter the bootloader to be able to start flashing
static int enter_bootloader(char *serial_port_name)
{
	uint32_t state;

	if (get_proxmark_state(&state) < 0)
		return -1;

	if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_BOOTROM) {
		/* Already in flash state, we're done. */
		return 0;
	}

	if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_OS) {
		fprintf(stderr,"Entering bootloader...\n");
		UsbCommand c;
		memset(&c, 0, sizeof (c));

		if ((state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_BOOTROM_PRESENT)
			&& (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_OSIMAGE_PRESENT))
		{
			// New style handover: Send CMD_START_FLASH, which will reset the board
			// and enter the bootrom on the next boot.
			c.cmd = CMD_START_FLASH;
			SendCommand(&c);
			fprintf(stderr,"(Press and release the button only to abort)\n");
		} else {
			// Old style handover: Ask the user to press the button, then reset the board
			c.cmd = CMD_HARDWARE_RESET;
			SendCommand(&c);
			fprintf(stderr,"Press and hold down button NOW if your bootloader requires it.\n");
		}
		msleep(100);
		CloseProxmark(serial_port_name);

		fprintf(stderr,"Waiting for Proxmark to reappear on %s",serial_port_name);
		do {
			sleep(1);
			fprintf(stderr, ".");
		} while (!OpenProxmark(0, serial_port_name));
		fprintf(stderr," Found.\n");

		return 0;
	}

	fprintf(stderr, "Error: Unknown Proxmark mode\n");
	return -1;
}

static int wait_for_ack(void)
{
	UsbCommand ack;
	ReceiveCommand(&ack);
	if (ack.cmd != CMD_ACK) {
		printf("Error: Unexpected reply 0x%04" PRIx64 " (expected ACK)\n", ack.cmd);
		return -1;
	}
	return 0;
}

// Go into flashing mode
int flash_start_flashing(int enable_bl_writes,char *serial_port_name)
{
	uint32_t state;

	if (enter_bootloader(serial_port_name) < 0)
		return -1;

	if (get_proxmark_state(&state) < 0)
		return -1;

	if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_UNDERSTANDS_START_FLASH) {
		// This command is stupid. Why the heck does it care which area we're
		// flashing, as long as it's not the bootloader area? The mind boggles.
		UsbCommand c = {CMD_START_FLASH};

		if (enable_bl_writes) {
			c.arg[0] = FLASH_START;
			c.arg[1] = FLASH_END;
			c.arg[2] = START_FLASH_MAGIC;
		} else {
			c.arg[0] = BOOTLOADER_END;
			c.arg[1] = FLASH_END;
			c.arg[2] = 0;
		}
		SendCommand(&c);
		return wait_for_ack();
	} else {
		fprintf(stderr, "Note: Your bootloader does not understand the new START_FLASH command\n");
		fprintf(stderr, "      It is recommended that you update your bootloader\n\n");
	}

	return 0;
}

static int write_block(uint32_t address, uint8_t *data, uint32_t length)
{
	uint8_t block_buf[BLOCK_SIZE];

	memset(block_buf, 0xFF, BLOCK_SIZE);
	memcpy(block_buf, data, length);
  UsbCommand c;
	c.cmd = CMD_FINISH_WRITE;
	c.arg[0] = address;
	memcpy(c.d.asBytes, block_buf, length);
  SendCommand(&c);
  return wait_for_ack();
}

// Write a file's segments to Flash
int flash_write(flash_file_t *ctx)
{
	fprintf(stderr, "Writing segments for file: %s\n", ctx->filename);
	for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++) {
		flash_seg_t *seg = &ctx->segments[i];

		uint32_t length = seg->length;
		uint32_t blocks = (length + BLOCK_SIZE - 1) / BLOCK_SIZE;
		uint32_t end = seg->start + length;

		fprintf(stderr, " 0x%08x..0x%08x [0x%x / %d blocks]",
		        seg->start, end - 1, length, blocks);

		int block = 0;
		uint8_t *data = seg->data;
		uint32_t baddr = seg->start;

		while (length) {
			uint32_t block_size = length;
			if (block_size > BLOCK_SIZE)
				block_size = BLOCK_SIZE;

			if (write_block(baddr, data, block_size) < 0) {
				fprintf(stderr, " ERROR\n");
				fprintf(stderr, "Error writing block %d of %d\n", block, blocks);
				return -1;
			}

			data += block_size;
			baddr += block_size;
			length -= block_size;
			block++;
			fprintf(stderr, ".");
		}
		fprintf(stderr, " OK\n");
	}
	return 0;
}

// free a file context
void flash_free(flash_file_t *ctx)
{
	if (!ctx)
		return;
	if (ctx->segments) {
		for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++)
			free(ctx->segments[i].data);
		free(ctx->segments);
		ctx->segments = NULL;
		ctx->num_segs = 0;
	}
}

// just reset the unit
int flash_stop_flashing(void) {
	UsbCommand c = {CMD_HARDWARE_RESET};
	SendCommand(&c);
	msleep(100);
	return 0;
}
Commit	Line	Data
a553f267	1	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
8fe1a992	2	// Copyright (C) 2010 Hector Martin "marcan" <marcan@marcansoft.com>
8fe1a992	3	//
a553f267	4	// This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or,
	5	// at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of
	6	// the license.
	7	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
8fe1a992	8	// ELF file flasher
a553f267	9	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
a553f267	10
6e4d4ee6	11	#include <stdio.h>
6e4d4ee6	12	#include <string.h>
83a9b236	13	#include <stdlib.h>
43534cba	14	#include <inttypes.h>
acf0582d	15	#include <unistd.h>
125a98a1	16	#include "proxmark3.h"
acf0582d	17	#include "util.h"
ec9c7112	18	#include "util_posix.h"
6e4d4ee6	19	#include "flash.h"
2cab856f	20	#include "elf.h"
8fe1a992	21	#include "proxendian.h"
28fdb04f	22	#include "usb_cmd.h"
f5ecd97b	23	#include "uart.h"
3851172d	24
	25	void SendCommand(UsbCommand* txcmd);
	26	void ReceiveCommand(UsbCommand* rxcmd);
f5ecd97b	27
f5ecd97b	28	serial_port sp;
6e4d4ee6	29
0ae6234a	30	// FIXME: what the fuckity fuck
8fe1a992	31	unsigned int current_command = CMD_UNKNOWN;
	32
	33	#define FLASH_START 0x100000
	34	#define FLASH_SIZE (256*1024)
	35	#define FLASH_END (FLASH_START + FLASH_SIZE)
	36	#define BOOTLOADER_SIZE 0x2000
	37	#define BOOTLOADER_END (FLASH_START + BOOTLOADER_SIZE)
	38
28fdb04f	39	#define BLOCK_SIZE 0x200
8fe1a992	40
	41	static const uint8_t elf_ident[] = {
	42	0x7f, 'E', 'L', 'F',
	43	ELFCLASS32,
	44	ELFDATA2LSB,
	45	EV_CURRENT
	46	};
	47
f5ecd97b	48	void CloseProxmark(const char *serial_port_name) {
	49	// Clean up the port
	50	uart_close(sp);
	51	// Fix for linux, it seems that it is extremely slow to release the serial port file descriptor /dev/*
	52	unlink(serial_port_name);
	53	}
	54
	55	int OpenProxmark(size_t i, const char *serial_port_name) {
	56	sp = uart_open(serial_port_name);
	57	if (sp == INVALID_SERIAL_PORT \|\| sp == CLAIMED_SERIAL_PORT) {
	58	//poll once a second
	59	return 0;
	60	}
	61	return 1;
	62	}
	63
8fe1a992	64	// Turn PHDRs into flasher segments, checking for PHDR sanity and merging adjacent
	65	// unaligned segments if needed
	66	static int build_segs_from_phdrs(flash_file_t ctx, FILE fd, Elf32_Phdr *phdrs, int num_phdrs)
7fe9b0b7	67	{
8fe1a992	68	Elf32_Phdr *phdr = phdrs;
	69	flash_seg_t *seg;
	70	uint32_t last_end = 0;
	71
	72	ctx->segments = malloc(sizeof(flash_seg_t) * num_phdrs);
	73	if (!ctx->segments) {
	74	fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
	75	return -1;
	76	}
	77	ctx->num_segs = 0;
	78	seg = ctx->segments;
	79
	80	fprintf(stderr, "Loading usable ELF segments:\n");
	81	for (int i = 0; i < num_phdrs; i++) {
	82	if (le32(phdr->p_type) != PT_LOAD) {
	83	phdr++;
	84	continue;
	85	}
	86	uint32_t vaddr = le32(phdr->p_vaddr);
	87	uint32_t paddr = le32(phdr->p_paddr);
	88	uint32_t filesz = le32(phdr->p_filesz);
	89	uint32_t memsz = le32(phdr->p_memsz);
	90	uint32_t offset = le32(phdr->p_offset);
	91	uint32_t flags = le32(phdr->p_flags);
	92	if (!filesz) {
	93	phdr++;
	94	continue;
	95	}
	96	fprintf(stderr, "%d: V 0x%08x P 0x%08x (0x%08x->0x%08x) [%c%c%c] @0x%x\n",
	97	i, vaddr, paddr, filesz, memsz,
	98	flags & PF_R ? 'R' : ' ',
	99	flags & PF_W ? 'W' : ' ',
	100	flags & PF_X ? 'X' : ' ',
	101	offset);
	102	if (filesz != memsz) {
	103	fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDR file size does not equal memory size\n"
	104	"(DATA+BSS PHDRs do not make sense on ROM platforms!)\n");
	105	return -1;
	106	}
	107	if (paddr < last_end) {
	108	fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDRs not sorted or overlap\n");
	109	return -1;
	110	}
	111	if (paddr < FLASH_START \|\| (paddr+filesz) > FLASH_END) {
	112	fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDR is not contained in Flash\n");
	113	return -1;
	114	}
	115	if (vaddr >= FLASH_START && vaddr < FLASH_END && (flags & PF_W)) {
	116	fprintf(stderr, "Error: Flash VMA segment is writable\n");
	117	return -1;
	118	}
	119
	120	uint8_t *data;
	121	// make extra space if we need to move the data forward
	122	data = malloc(filesz + BLOCK_SIZE);
	123	if (!data) {
	124	fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
	125	return -1;
	126	}
	127	if (fseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0 \|\| fread(data, 1, filesz, fd) != filesz) {
	128	fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading PHDR payload\n");
	129	free(data);
	130	return -1;
	131	}
132
133	uint32_t block_offset = paddr & (BLOCK_SIZE-1);
134	if (block_offset) {
135	if (ctx->num_segs) {
136	flash_seg_t *prev_seg = seg - 1;
137	uint32_t this_end = paddr + filesz;
138	uint32_t this_firstblock = paddr & ~(BLOCK_SIZE-1);
139	uint32_t prev_lastblock = (last_end - 1) & ~(BLOCK_SIZE-1);
140
141	if (this_firstblock == prev_lastblock) {
142	uint32_t new_length = this_end - prev_seg->start;
143	uint32_t this_offset = paddr - prev_seg->start;
144	uint32_t hole = this_offset - prev_seg->length;
145	uint8_t *new_data = malloc(new_length);
146	if (!new_data) {
147	fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
148	free(data);
149	return -1;
150	}
151	memset(new_data, 0xff, new_length);
152	memcpy(new_data, prev_seg->data, prev_seg->length);
153	memcpy(new_data + this_offset, data, filesz);
154	fprintf(stderr, "Note: Extending previous segment from 0x%x to 0x%x bytes\n",
155	prev_seg->length, new_length);
156	if (hole)
157	fprintf(stderr, "Note: 0x%x-byte hole created\n", hole);
158	free(data);
159	free(prev_seg->data);
160	prev_seg->data = new_data;
161	prev_seg->length = new_length;
162	last_end = this_end;
163	phdr++;
164	continue;
165	}
166	}
167	fprintf(stderr, "Warning: segment does not begin on a block boundary, will pad\n");
168	memmove(data + block_offset, data, filesz);
169	memset(data, 0xFF, block_offset);
170	filesz += block_offset;
171	paddr -= block_offset;
172	}
173
174	seg->data = data;
175	seg->start = paddr;
176	seg->length = filesz;
177	seg++;
178	ctx->num_segs++;
179
180	last_end = paddr + filesz;
181	phdr++;
182	}
183	return 0;
6e4d4ee6	184	}
6e4d4ee6	185
8fe1a992	186	// Sanity check segments and check for bootloader writes
	187	static int check_segs(flash_file_t *ctx, int can_write_bl) {
	188	for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++) {
	189	flash_seg_t *seg = &ctx->segments[i];
	190
	191	if (seg->start & (BLOCK_SIZE-1)) {
	192	fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is not aligned\n");
	193	return -1;
	194	}
	195	if (seg->start < FLASH_START) {
	196	fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is outside of flash bounds\n");
	197	return -1;
	198	}
	199	if (seg->start + seg->length > FLASH_END) {
	200	fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is outside of flash bounds\n");
	201	return -1;
	202	}
	203	if (!can_write_bl && seg->start < BOOTLOADER_END) {
	204	fprintf(stderr, "Attempted to write bootloader but bootloader writes are not enabled\n");
	205	return -1;
	206	}
	207	}
	208	return 0;
	209	}
	210
	211	// Load an ELF file and prepare it for flashing
	212	int flash_load(flash_file_t ctx, const char name, int can_write_bl)
	213	{
	214	FILE *fd = NULL;
	215	Elf32_Ehdr ehdr;
	216	Elf32_Phdr *phdrs = NULL;
	217	int num_phdrs;
	218	int res;
	219
	220	fd = fopen(name, "rb");
	221	if (!fd) {
	222	fprintf(stderr, "Could not open file '%s': ", name);
	223	perror(NULL);
	224	goto fail;
	225	}
	226
	227	fprintf(stderr, "Loading ELF file '%s'...\n", name);
	228
	229	if (fread(&ehdr, sizeof(ehdr), 1, fd) != 1) {
	230	fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF file header\n");
	231	goto fail;
	232	}
	233	if (memcmp(ehdr.e_ident, elf_ident, sizeof(elf_ident))
	234	\|\| le32(ehdr.e_version) != 1)
	235	{
	236	fprintf(stderr, "Not an ELF file or wrong ELF type\n");
	237	goto fail;
	238	}
	239	if (le16(ehdr.e_type) != ET_EXEC) {
	240	fprintf(stderr, "ELF is not executable\n");
	241	goto fail;
	242	}
	243	if (le16(ehdr.e_machine) != EM_ARM) {
	244	fprintf(stderr, "Wrong ELF architecture\n");
	245	goto fail;
	246	}
	247	if (!ehdr.e_phnum \|\| !ehdr.e_phoff) {
	248	fprintf(stderr, "ELF has no PHDRs\n");
	249	goto fail;
250	}
251	if (le16(ehdr.e_phentsize) != sizeof(Elf32_Phdr)) {
252	// could be a structure padding issue...
253	fprintf(stderr, "Either the ELF file or this code is made of fail\n");
254	goto fail;
255	}
256	num_phdrs = le16(ehdr.e_phnum);
257
258	phdrs = malloc(le16(ehdr.e_phnum) * sizeof(Elf32_Phdr));
259	if (!phdrs) {
260	fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
261	goto fail;
262	}
263	if (fseek(fd, le32(ehdr.e_phoff), SEEK_SET) < 0) {
264	fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF PHDRs\n");
265	goto fail;
266	}
267	if (fread(phdrs, sizeof(Elf32_Phdr), num_phdrs, fd) != num_phdrs) {
268	fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF PHDRs\n");
269	goto fail;
270	}
271
272	res = build_segs_from_phdrs(ctx, fd, phdrs, num_phdrs);
273	if (res < 0)
274	goto fail;
275	res = check_segs(ctx, can_write_bl);
276	if (res < 0)
277	goto fail;
278
66d6ba70	279	free(phdrs);
8fe1a992	280	fclose(fd);
	281	ctx->filename = name;
	282	return 0;
	283
	284	fail:
	285	if (phdrs)
	286	free(phdrs);
	287	if (fd)
	288	fclose(fd);
	289	flash_free(ctx);
	290	return -1;
	291	}
6e4d4ee6	292
8fe1a992	293	// Get the state of the proxmark, backwards compatible
8fe1a992	294	static int get_proxmark_state(uint32_t *state)
6e4d4ee6	295	{
28fdb04f	296	UsbCommand c;
8fe1a992	297	c.cmd = CMD_DEVICE_INFO;
f5ecd97b	298	SendCommand(&c);
28fdb04f	299	UsbCommand resp;
3851172d	300	ReceiveCommand(&resp);
8fe1a992	301
	302	// Three outcomes:
	303	// 1. The old bootrom code will ignore CMD_DEVICE_INFO, but respond with an ACK
	304	// 2. The old os code will respond with CMD_DEBUG_PRINT_STRING and "unknown command"
	305	// 3. The new bootrom and os codes will respond with CMD_DEVICE_INFO and flags
	306
	307	switch (resp.cmd) {
	308	case CMD_ACK:
	309	*state = DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_BOOTROM;
	310	break;
	311	case CMD_DEBUG_PRINT_STRING:
	312	*state = DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_OS;
	313	break;
	314	case CMD_DEVICE_INFO:
	315	*state = resp.arg[0];
	316	break;
	317	default:
43534cba	318	fprintf(stderr, "Error: Couldn't get proxmark state, bad response type: 0x%04" PRIx64 "\n", resp.cmd);
8fe1a992	319	return -1;
	320	break;
	321	}
	322
	323	return 0;
6e4d4ee6	324	}
6e4d4ee6	325
8fe1a992	326	// Enter the bootloader to be able to start flashing
3851172d	327	static int enter_bootloader(char *serial_port_name)
6e4d4ee6	328	{
8fe1a992	329	uint32_t state;
	330
	331	if (get_proxmark_state(&state) < 0)
	332	return -1;
	333
	334	if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_BOOTROM) {
	335	/* Already in flash state, we're done. */
	336	return 0;
	337	}
	338
	339	if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_OS) {
	340	fprintf(stderr,"Entering bootloader...\n");
28fdb04f	341	UsbCommand c;
8fe1a992	342	memset(&c, 0, sizeof (c));
	343
	344	if ((state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_BOOTROM_PRESENT)
	345	&& (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_OSIMAGE_PRESENT))
	346	{
	347	// New style handover: Send CMD_START_FLASH, which will reset the board
	348	// and enter the bootrom on the next boot.
	349	c.cmd = CMD_START_FLASH;
28fdb04f	350	SendCommand(&c);
8fe1a992	351	fprintf(stderr,"(Press and release the button only to abort)\n");
	352	} else {
	353	// Old style handover: Ask the user to press the button, then reset the board
	354	c.cmd = CMD_HARDWARE_RESET;
28fdb04f	355	SendCommand(&c);
8fe1a992	356	fprintf(stderr,"Press and hold down button NOW if your bootloader requires it.\n");
8fe1a992	357	}
f5ecd97b	358	msleep(100);
f5ecd97b	359	CloseProxmark(serial_port_name);
d8193fa5	360
e654346b	361	fprintf(stderr,"Waiting for Proxmark to reappear on %s",serial_port_name);
f5ecd97b	362	do {
8fe1a992	363	sleep(1);
8fe1a992	364	fprintf(stderr, ".");
f5ecd97b	365	} while (!OpenProxmark(0, serial_port_name));
8fe1a992	366	fprintf(stderr," Found.\n");
3851172d	367
8fe1a992	368	return 0;
	369	}
	370
	371	fprintf(stderr, "Error: Unknown Proxmark mode\n");
	372	return -1;
6e4d4ee6	373	}
6e4d4ee6	374
3851172d	375	static int wait_for_ack(void)
6e4d4ee6	376	{
f5ecd97b	377	UsbCommand ack;
3851172d	378	ReceiveCommand(&ack);
	379	if (ack.cmd != CMD_ACK) {
	380	printf("Error: Unexpected reply 0x%04" PRIx64 " (expected ACK)\n", ack.cmd);
8fe1a992	381	return -1;
	382	}
	383	return 0;
6e4d4ee6	384	}
6e4d4ee6	385
8fe1a992	386	// Go into flashing mode
3851172d	387	int flash_start_flashing(int enable_bl_writes,char *serial_port_name)
6e4d4ee6	388	{
8fe1a992	389	uint32_t state;
8fe1a992	390
3851172d	391	if (enter_bootloader(serial_port_name) < 0)
8fe1a992	392	return -1;
	393
	394	if (get_proxmark_state(&state) < 0)
	395	return -1;
	396
	397	if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_UNDERSTANDS_START_FLASH) {
	398	// This command is stupid. Why the heck does it care which area we're
	399	// flashing, as long as it's not the bootloader area? The mind boggles.
28fdb04f	400	UsbCommand c = {CMD_START_FLASH};
8fe1a992	401
	402	if (enable_bl_writes) {
	403	c.arg[0] = FLASH_START;
	404	c.arg[1] = FLASH_END;
	405	c.arg[2] = START_FLASH_MAGIC;
	406	} else {
	407	c.arg[0] = BOOTLOADER_END;
	408	c.arg[1] = FLASH_END;
	409	c.arg[2] = 0;
	410	}
28fdb04f	411	SendCommand(&c);
8fe1a992	412	return wait_for_ack();
	413	} else {
	414	fprintf(stderr, "Note: Your bootloader does not understand the new START_FLASH command\n");
	415	fprintf(stderr, " It is recommended that you update your bootloader\n\n");
	416	}
	417
	418	return 0;
6e4d4ee6	419	}
6e4d4ee6	420
8fe1a992	421	static int write_block(uint32_t address, uint8_t *data, uint32_t length)
6e4d4ee6	422	{
8fe1a992	423	uint8_t block_buf[BLOCK_SIZE];
	424
	425	memset(block_buf, 0xFF, BLOCK_SIZE);
	426	memcpy(block_buf, data, length);
28fdb04f	427	UsbCommand c;
8fe1a992	428	c.cmd = CMD_FINISH_WRITE;
8fe1a992	429	c.arg[0] = address;
28fdb04f	430	memcpy(c.d.asBytes, block_buf, length);
	431	SendCommand(&c);
	432	return wait_for_ack();
6e4d4ee6	433	}
6e4d4ee6	434
8fe1a992	435	// Write a file's segments to Flash
8fe1a992	436	int flash_write(flash_file_t *ctx)
6e4d4ee6	437	{
8fe1a992	438	fprintf(stderr, "Writing segments for file: %s\n", ctx->filename);
	439	for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++) {
	440	flash_seg_t *seg = &ctx->segments[i];
	441
	442	uint32_t length = seg->length;
	443	uint32_t blocks = (length + BLOCK_SIZE - 1) / BLOCK_SIZE;
	444	uint32_t end = seg->start + length;
	445
	446	fprintf(stderr, " 0x%08x..0x%08x [0x%x / %d blocks]",
	447	seg->start, end - 1, length, blocks);
	448
	449	int block = 0;
	450	uint8_t *data = seg->data;
	451	uint32_t baddr = seg->start;
	452
	453	while (length) {
	454	uint32_t block_size = length;
	455	if (block_size > BLOCK_SIZE)
	456	block_size = BLOCK_SIZE;
	457
	458	if (write_block(baddr, data, block_size) < 0) {
	459	fprintf(stderr, " ERROR\n");
	460	fprintf(stderr, "Error writing block %d of %d\n", block, blocks);
	461	return -1;
	462	}
	463
	464	data += block_size;
	465	baddr += block_size;
	466	length -= block_size;
	467	block++;
	468	fprintf(stderr, ".");
	469	}
	470	fprintf(stderr, " OK\n");
	471	}
	472	return 0;
6e4d4ee6	473	}
6e4d4ee6	474
8fe1a992	475	// free a file context
8fe1a992	476	void flash_free(flash_file_t *ctx)
7fe9b0b7	477	{
8fe1a992	478	if (!ctx)
	479	return;
	480	if (ctx->segments) {
	481	for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++)
	482	free(ctx->segments[i].data);
	483	free(ctx->segments);
	484	ctx->segments = NULL;
	485	ctx->num_segs = 0;
	486	}
	487	}
	488
	489	// just reset the unit
3851172d	490	int flash_stop_flashing(void) {
28fdb04f	491	UsbCommand c = {CMD_HARDWARE_RESET};
f5ecd97b	492	SendCommand(&c);
	493	msleep(100);
	494	return 0;
6e4d4ee6	495	}