MAJOR update, added hitag2 reader, emulation and eavesdropping, lots of new code...

[proxmark3-svn] / armsrc / fpgaloader.c

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Jonathan Westhues, April 2006
//
// This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or,
// at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of
// the license.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Routines to load the FPGA image, and then to configure the FPGA's major
// mode once it is configured.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include "proxmark3.h"
#include "apps.h"
#include "util.h"
#include "string.h"

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Set up the Serial Peripheral Interface as master
// Used to write the FPGA config word
// May also be used to write to other SPI attached devices like an LCD
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void SetupSpi(int mode)
{
        // PA10 -> SPI_NCS2 chip select (LCD)
        // PA11 -> SPI_NCS0 chip select (FPGA)
        // PA12 -> SPI_MISO Master-In Slave-Out
        // PA13 -> SPI_MOSI Master-Out Slave-In
        // PA14 -> SPI_SPCK Serial Clock

        // Disable PIO control of the following pins, allows use by the SPI peripheral
        AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PDR =
                GPIO_NCS0       |
                GPIO_NCS2       |
                GPIO_MISO       |
                GPIO_MOSI       |
                GPIO_SPCK;

        AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_ASR =
                GPIO_NCS0       |
                GPIO_MISO       |
                GPIO_MOSI       |
                GPIO_SPCK;

        AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_BSR = GPIO_NCS2;

        //enable the SPI Peripheral clock
        AT91C_BASE_PMC->PMC_PCER = (1<<AT91C_ID_SPI);
        // Enable SPI
        AT91C_BASE_SPI->SPI_CR = AT91C_SPI_SPIEN;

        switch (mode) {
                case SPI_FPGA_MODE:
                        AT91C_BASE_SPI->SPI_MR =
                                ( 0 << 24)      |       // Delay between chip selects (take default: 6 MCK periods)
                                (14 << 16)      |       // Peripheral Chip Select (selects FPGA SPI_NCS0 or PA11)
                                ( 0 << 7)       |       // Local Loopback Disabled
                                ( 1 << 4)       |       // Mode Fault Detection disabled
                                ( 0 << 2)       |       // Chip selects connected directly to peripheral
                                ( 0 << 1)       |       // Fixed Peripheral Select
                                ( 1 << 0);              // Master Mode
                        AT91C_BASE_SPI->SPI_CSR[0] =
                                ( 1 << 24)      |       // Delay between Consecutive Transfers (32 MCK periods)
                                ( 1 << 16)      |       // Delay Before SPCK (1 MCK period)
                                ( 6 << 8)       |       // Serial Clock Baud Rate (baudrate = MCK/6 = 24Mhz/6 = 4M baud
                                ( 8 << 4)       |       // Bits per Transfer (16 bits)
                                ( 0 << 3)       |       // Chip Select inactive after transfer
                                ( 1 << 1)       |       // Clock Phase data captured on leading edge, changes on following edge
                                ( 0 << 0);              // Clock Polarity inactive state is logic 0
                        break;
                case SPI_LCD_MODE:
                        AT91C_BASE_SPI->SPI_MR =
                                ( 0 << 24)      |       // Delay between chip selects (take default: 6 MCK periods)
                                (11 << 16)      |       // Peripheral Chip Select (selects LCD SPI_NCS2 or PA10)
                                ( 0 << 7)       |       // Local Loopback Disabled
                                ( 1 << 4)       |       // Mode Fault Detection disabled
                                ( 0 << 2)       |       // Chip selects connected directly to peripheral
                                ( 0 << 1)       |       // Fixed Peripheral Select
                                ( 1 << 0);              // Master Mode
                        AT91C_BASE_SPI->SPI_CSR[2] =
                                ( 1 << 24)      |       // Delay between Consecutive Transfers (32 MCK periods)
                                ( 1 << 16)      |       // Delay Before SPCK (1 MCK period)
                                ( 6 << 8)       |       // Serial Clock Baud Rate (baudrate = MCK/6 = 24Mhz/6 = 4M baud
                                ( 1 << 4)       |       // Bits per Transfer (9 bits)
                                ( 0 << 3)       |       // Chip Select inactive after transfer
                                ( 1 << 1)       |       // Clock Phase data captured on leading edge, changes on following edge
                                ( 0 << 0);              // Clock Polarity inactive state is logic 0
                        break;
                default:                                // Disable SPI
                        AT91C_BASE_SPI->SPI_CR = AT91C_SPI_SPIDIS;
                        break;
        }
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Set up the synchronous serial port, with the one set of options that we
// always use when we are talking to the FPGA. Both RX and TX are enabled.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void FpgaSetupSsc(void)
{
        // First configure the GPIOs, and get ourselves a clock.
        AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_ASR =
                GPIO_SSC_FRAME  |
                GPIO_SSC_DIN    |
                GPIO_SSC_DOUT   |
                GPIO_SSC_CLK;
        AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PDR = GPIO_SSC_DOUT;

        AT91C_BASE_PMC->PMC_PCER = (1 << AT91C_ID_SSC);

        // Now set up the SSC proper, starting from a known state.
        AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_CR = AT91C_SSC_SWRST;

        // RX clock comes from TX clock, RX starts when TX starts, data changes
        // on RX clock rising edge, sampled on falling edge
        AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RCMR = SSC_CLOCK_MODE_SELECT(1) | SSC_CLOCK_MODE_START(1);

        // 8 bits per transfer, no loopback, MSB first, 1 transfer per sync
        // pulse, no output sync, start on positive-going edge of sync
        AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RFMR = SSC_FRAME_MODE_BITS_IN_WORD(8) |
                AT91C_SSC_MSBF | SSC_FRAME_MODE_WORDS_PER_TRANSFER(0);

        // clock comes from TK pin, no clock output, outputs change on falling
        // edge of TK, start on rising edge of TF
        AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_TCMR = SSC_CLOCK_MODE_SELECT(2) |
                SSC_CLOCK_MODE_START(5);

        // tx framing is the same as the rx framing
        AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_TFMR = AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RFMR;

        AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_CR = AT91C_SSC_RXEN | AT91C_SSC_TXEN;
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Set up DMA to receive samples from the FPGA. We will use the PDC, with
// a single buffer as a circular buffer (so that we just chain back to
// ourselves, not to another buffer). The stuff to manipulate those buffers
// is in apps.h, because it should be inlined, for speed.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
bool FpgaSetupSscDma(uint8_t *buf, int len)
{
        if (buf == NULL) {
        return false;
    }

        AT91C_BASE_PDC_SSC->PDC_PTCR = AT91C_PDC_RXTDIS;
        AT91C_BASE_PDC_SSC->PDC_RPR = (uint32_t) buf;
        AT91C_BASE_PDC_SSC->PDC_RCR = len;
        AT91C_BASE_PDC_SSC->PDC_RNPR = (uint32_t) buf;
        AT91C_BASE_PDC_SSC->PDC_RNCR = len;
        AT91C_BASE_PDC_SSC->PDC_PTCR = AT91C_PDC_RXTEN;
    
    return true;
}

static void DownloadFPGA_byte(unsigned char w)
{
#define SEND_BIT(x) { if(w & (1<<x) ) HIGH(GPIO_FPGA_DIN); else LOW(GPIO_FPGA_DIN); HIGH(GPIO_FPGA_CCLK); LOW(GPIO_FPGA_CCLK); }
        SEND_BIT(7);
        SEND_BIT(6);
        SEND_BIT(5);
        SEND_BIT(4);
        SEND_BIT(3);
        SEND_BIT(2);
        SEND_BIT(1);
        SEND_BIT(0);
}

// Download the fpga image starting at FpgaImage and with length FpgaImageLen bytes
// If bytereversal is set: reverse the byte order in each 4-byte word
static void DownloadFPGA(const char *FpgaImage, int FpgaImageLen, int bytereversal)
{
        int i=0;

        AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_OER = GPIO_FPGA_ON;
        AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PER = GPIO_FPGA_ON;
        HIGH(GPIO_FPGA_ON);             // ensure everything is powered on

        SpinDelay(50);

        LED_D_ON();

        // These pins are inputs
    AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_ODR =
        GPIO_FPGA_NINIT |
        GPIO_FPGA_DONE;
        // PIO controls the following pins
    AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PER =
        GPIO_FPGA_NINIT |
        GPIO_FPGA_DONE;
        // Enable pull-ups
        AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PPUER =
                GPIO_FPGA_NINIT |
                GPIO_FPGA_DONE;

        // setup initial logic state
        HIGH(GPIO_FPGA_NPROGRAM);
        LOW(GPIO_FPGA_CCLK);
        LOW(GPIO_FPGA_DIN);
        // These pins are outputs
        AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_OER =
                GPIO_FPGA_NPROGRAM      |
                GPIO_FPGA_CCLK          |
                GPIO_FPGA_DIN;

        // enter FPGA configuration mode
        LOW(GPIO_FPGA_NPROGRAM);
        SpinDelay(50);
        HIGH(GPIO_FPGA_NPROGRAM);

        i=100000;
        // wait for FPGA ready to accept data signal
        while ((i) && ( !(AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PDSR & GPIO_FPGA_NINIT ) ) ) {
                i--;
        }

        // crude error indicator, leave both red LEDs on and return
        if (i==0){
                LED_C_ON();
                LED_D_ON();
                return;
        }

        if(bytereversal) {
                /* This is only supported for uint32_t aligned images */
                if( ((int)FpgaImage % sizeof(uint32_t)) == 0 ) {
                        i=0;
                        while(FpgaImageLen-->0)
                                DownloadFPGA_byte(FpgaImage[(i++)^0x3]);
                        /* Explanation of the magic in the above line:
                         * i^0x3 inverts the lower two bits of the integer i, counting backwards
                         * for each 4 byte increment. The generated sequence of (i++)^3 is
                         * 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 11 10 9 8 15 14 13 12 etc. pp.
                         */
                }
        } else {
                while(FpgaImageLen-->0)
                        DownloadFPGA_byte(*FpgaImage++);
        }

        // continue to clock FPGA until ready signal goes high
        i=100000;
        while ( (i--) && ( !(AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PDSR & GPIO_FPGA_DONE ) ) ) {
                HIGH(GPIO_FPGA_CCLK);
                LOW(GPIO_FPGA_CCLK);
        }
        // crude error indicator, leave both red LEDs on and return
        if (i==0){
                LED_C_ON();
                LED_D_ON();
                return;
        }
        LED_D_OFF();
}

static char *bitparse_headers_start;
static char *bitparse_bitstream_end;
static int bitparse_initialized;
/* Simple Xilinx .bit parser. The file starts with the fixed opaque byte sequence
 * 00 09 0f f0 0f f0 0f f0 0f f0 00 00 01
 * After that the format is 1 byte section type (ASCII character), 2 byte length
 * (big endian), <length> bytes content. Except for section 'e' which has 4 bytes
 * length.
 */
static const char _bitparse_fixed_header[] = {0x00, 0x09, 0x0f, 0xf0, 0x0f, 0xf0, 0x0f, 0xf0, 0x0f, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01};
static int bitparse_init(void * start_address, void *end_address)
{
        bitparse_initialized = 0;

        if(memcmp(_bitparse_fixed_header, start_address, sizeof(_bitparse_fixed_header)) != 0) {
                return 0; /* Not matched */
        } else {
                bitparse_headers_start= ((char*)start_address) + sizeof(_bitparse_fixed_header);
                bitparse_bitstream_end= (char*)end_address;
                bitparse_initialized = 1;
                return 1;
        }
}

int bitparse_find_section(char section_name, char **section_start, unsigned int *section_length)
{
        char *pos = bitparse_headers_start;
        int result = 0;

        if(!bitparse_initialized) return 0;

        while(pos < bitparse_bitstream_end) {
                char current_name = *pos++;
                unsigned int current_length = 0;
                if(current_name < 'a' || current_name > 'e') {
                        /* Strange section name, abort */
                        break;
                }
                current_length = 0;
                switch(current_name) {
                case 'e':
                        /* Four byte length field */
                        current_length += (*pos++) << 24;
                        current_length += (*pos++) << 16;
                default: /* Fall through, two byte length field */
                        current_length += (*pos++) << 8;
                        current_length += (*pos++) << 0;
                }

                if(current_name != 'e' && current_length > 255) {
                        /* Maybe a parse error */
                        break;
                }

                if(current_name == section_name) {
                        /* Found it */
                        *section_start = pos;
                        *section_length = current_length;
                        result = 1;
                        break;
                }

                pos += current_length; /* Skip section */
        }

        return result;
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Find out which FPGA image format is stored in flash, then call DownloadFPGA
// with the right parameters to download the image
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
extern char _binary_fpga_bit_start, _binary_fpga_bit_end;
void FpgaDownloadAndGo(void)
{
        /* Check for the new flash image format: Should have the .bit file at &_binary_fpga_bit_start
         */
        if(bitparse_init(&_binary_fpga_bit_start, &_binary_fpga_bit_end)) {
                /* Successfully initialized the .bit parser. Find the 'e' section and
                 * send its contents to the FPGA.
                 */
                char *bitstream_start;
                unsigned int bitstream_length;
                if(bitparse_find_section('e', &bitstream_start, &bitstream_length)) {
                        DownloadFPGA(bitstream_start, bitstream_length, 0);

                        return; /* All done */
                }
        }

        /* Fallback for the old flash image format: Check for the magic marker 0xFFFFFFFF
         * 0xAA995566 at address 0x102000. This is raw bitstream with a size of 336,768 bits
         * = 10,524 uint32_t, stored as uint32_t e.g. little-endian in memory, but each DWORD
         * is still to be transmitted in MSBit first order. Set the invert flag to indicate
         * that the DownloadFPGA function should invert every 4 byte sequence when doing
         * the bytewise download.
         */
        if( *(uint32_t*)0x102000 == 0xFFFFFFFF && *(uint32_t*)0x102004 == 0xAA995566 )
                DownloadFPGA((char*)0x102000, 10524*4, 1);
}

void FpgaGatherVersion(char *dst, int len)
{
        char *fpga_info;
        unsigned int fpga_info_len;
        dst[0] = 0;
        if(!bitparse_find_section('e', &fpga_info, &fpga_info_len)) {
                strncat(dst, "FPGA image: legacy image without version information", len-1);
        } else {
                strncat(dst, "FPGA image built", len-1);
                /* USB packets only have 48 bytes data payload, so be terse */
#if 0
                if(bitparse_find_section('a', &fpga_info, &fpga_info_len) && fpga_info[fpga_info_len-1] == 0 ) {
                        strncat(dst, " from ", len-1);
                        strncat(dst, fpga_info, len-1);
                }
                if(bitparse_find_section('b', &fpga_info, &fpga_info_len) && fpga_info[fpga_info_len-1] == 0 ) {
                        strncat(dst, " for ", len-1);
                        strncat(dst, fpga_info, len-1);
                }
#endif
                if(bitparse_find_section('c', &fpga_info, &fpga_info_len) && fpga_info[fpga_info_len-1] == 0 ) {
                        strncat(dst, " on ", len-1);
                        strncat(dst, fpga_info, len-1);
                }
                if(bitparse_find_section('d', &fpga_info, &fpga_info_len) && fpga_info[fpga_info_len-1] == 0 ) {
                        strncat(dst, " at ", len-1);
                        strncat(dst, fpga_info, len-1);
                }
        }
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Send a 16 bit command/data pair to the FPGA.
// The bit format is:  C3 C2 C1 C0 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
// where C is the 4 bit command and D is the 12 bit data
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void FpgaSendCommand(uint16_t cmd, uint16_t v)
{
        SetupSpi(SPI_FPGA_MODE);
        while ((AT91C_BASE_SPI->SPI_SR & AT91C_SPI_TXEMPTY) == 0);              // wait for the transfer to complete
        AT91C_BASE_SPI->SPI_TDR = AT91C_SPI_LASTXFER | cmd | v;         // send the data
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Write the FPGA setup word (that determines what mode the logic is in, read
// vs. clone vs. etc.). This is now a special case of FpgaSendCommand() to
// avoid changing this function's occurence everywhere in the source code.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void FpgaWriteConfWord(uint8_t v)
{
        FpgaSendCommand(FPGA_CMD_SET_CONFREG, v);
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Set up the CMOS switches that mux the ADC: four switches, independently
// closable, but should only close one at a time. Not an FPGA thing, but
// the samples from the ADC always flow through the FPGA.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void SetAdcMuxFor(uint32_t whichGpio)
{
        AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_OER =
                GPIO_MUXSEL_HIPKD |
                GPIO_MUXSEL_LOPKD |
                GPIO_MUXSEL_LORAW |
                GPIO_MUXSEL_HIRAW;

        AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PER =
                GPIO_MUXSEL_HIPKD |
                GPIO_MUXSEL_LOPKD |
                GPIO_MUXSEL_LORAW |
                GPIO_MUXSEL_HIRAW;

        LOW(GPIO_MUXSEL_HIPKD);
        LOW(GPIO_MUXSEL_HIRAW);
        LOW(GPIO_MUXSEL_LORAW);
        LOW(GPIO_MUXSEL_LOPKD);

        HIGH(whichGpio);
}