]> git.zerfleddert.de Git - proxmark3-svn/blobdiff - client/cmdhf14a.c
Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/Proxmark/proxmark3
[proxmark3-svn] / client / cmdhf14a.c
index f09c555b96e1c2d8c4c863fa794bac47ee32e508..bce7f4d6cba5f9abfffb613e63ba008e9a2d81ea 100644 (file)
 #include <string.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include "util.h"
 #include <string.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include "util.h"
-#include "../common/iso14443crc.h"
+#include "iso14443crc.h"
 #include "data.h"
 #include "proxmark3.h"
 #include "ui.h"
 #include "cmdparser.h"
 #include "cmdhf14a.h"
 #include "data.h"
 #include "proxmark3.h"
 #include "ui.h"
 #include "cmdparser.h"
 #include "cmdhf14a.h"
-#include "../include/common.h"
+#include "common.h"
 #include "cmdmain.h"
 #include "cmdmain.h"
-#include "../include/mifare.h"
+#include "mifare.h"
 
 static int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd);
 static void waitCmd(uint8_t iLen);
 
 
 static int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd);
 static void waitCmd(uint8_t iLen);
 
-int CmdHF14AList(const char *Cmd)
-{
-       bool ShowWaitCycles = false;
-       char param = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
-       
-       if (param == 'h' || (param != 0 && param != 'f')) {
-               PrintAndLog("List data in trace buffer.");
-               PrintAndLog("Usage:  hf 14a list [f]");
-               PrintAndLog("f - show frame delay times as well");
-               PrintAndLog("sample: hf 14a list f");
-               return 0;
-       }       
-
-       ShowWaitCycles = (param == 'f');
-               
-// for the time being. Need better Bigbuf handling.    
-#define TRACE_SIZE 3000        
-
-       uint8_t trace[TRACE_SIZE];
-       GetFromBigBuf(trace, TRACE_SIZE, 0);
-       WaitForResponse(CMD_ACK,NULL);
-
-       PrintAndLog("Recorded Activity");
-       PrintAndLog("");
-       PrintAndLog("Start = Start of Start Bit, End = End of last modulation. Src = Source of Transfer");
-       PrintAndLog("All times are in carrier periods (1/13.56Mhz)");
-       PrintAndLog("");
-       PrintAndLog("     Start |       End | Src | Data (! denotes parity error)                                   | CRC ");
-       PrintAndLog("-----------|-----------|-----|-----------------------------------------------------------------------");
-
-       uint16_t tracepos = 0;
-       uint16_t duration;
-       uint16_t data_len;
-       uint16_t parity_len;
-       bool isResponse;
-       uint32_t timestamp;
-       uint32_t first_timestamp;
-       uint32_t EndOfTransmissionTimestamp;
-       
-       for (;;) {
-       
-               if(tracepos >= TRACE_SIZE) break;
-       
-               timestamp = *((uint32_t *)(trace + tracepos));
-               
-               // Break and stick with current result if buffer was not completely full
-               if (timestamp == 0x44444444) break; 
-
-               if(tracepos == 0) {
-                       first_timestamp = timestamp;
-               }
-               
-               tracepos += 4;
-               duration = *((uint16_t *)(trace + tracepos));
-               tracepos += 2;
-               data_len = *((uint16_t *)(trace + tracepos));
-               tracepos += 2;
-
-               isResponse = false;
-               if (data_len & 0x8000) {
-                       data_len &= 0x7fff;
-                       isResponse = true;
-               }
-               
-               parity_len = (data_len-1)/8 + 1;
-               
-               if (tracepos + data_len + parity_len >= TRACE_SIZE) break;
+// structure and database for uid -> tagtype lookups 
+typedef struct { 
+       uint8_t uid;
+       char* desc;
+} manufactureName; 
+
+const manufactureName manufactureMapping[] = {
+       // ID,  "Vendor Country"
+       { 0x01, "Motorola UK" },
+       { 0x02, "ST Microelectronics SA France" },
+       { 0x03, "Hitachi, Ltd Japan" }, 
+       { 0x04, "NXP Semiconductors Germany" }, 
+       { 0x05, "Infineon Technologies AG Germany" }, 
+       { 0x06, "Cylink USA" }, 
+       { 0x07, "Texas Instrument France" },
+       { 0x08, "Fujitsu Limited Japan" }, 
+       { 0x09, "Matsushita Electronics Corporation, Semiconductor Company Japan" }, 
+       { 0x0A, "NEC Japan" }, 
+       { 0x0B, "Oki Electric Industry Co. Ltd Japan" },
+       { 0x0C, "Toshiba Corp. Japan" },
+       { 0x0D, "Mitsubishi Electric Corp. Japan" },
+       { 0x0E, "Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd Korea" },
+       { 0x0F, "Hynix / Hyundai, Korea" },
+       { 0x10, "LG-Semiconductors Co. Ltd Korea" },
+       { 0x11, "Emosyn-EM Microelectronics USA" },
+       { 0x12, "INSIDE Technology France" },
+       { 0x13, "ORGA Kartensysteme GmbH Germany" },
+       { 0x14, "SHARP Corporation Japan" },
+       { 0x15, "ATMEL France" },
+       { 0x16, "EM Microelectronic-Marin SA Switzerland" },
+       { 0x17, "KSW Microtec GmbH Germany" },
+       { 0x18, "ZMD AG Germany" },
+       { 0x19, "XICOR, Inc. USA" },
+       { 0x1A, "Sony Corporation Japan Identifier Company Country" },
+       { 0x1B, "Malaysia Microelectronic Solutions Sdn. Bhd Malaysia" },
+       { 0x1C, "Emosyn USA" },
+       { 0x1D, "Shanghai Fudan Microelectronics Co. Ltd. P.R. China" },
+       { 0x1E, "Magellan Technology Pty Limited Australia" },
+       { 0x1F, "Melexis NV BO Switzerland" },
+       { 0x20, "Renesas Technology Corp. Japan" },
+       { 0x21, "TAGSYS France" },
+       { 0x22, "Transcore USA" },
+       { 0x23, "Shanghai belling corp., ltd. China" },
+       { 0x24, "Masktech Germany Gmbh Germany" },
+       { 0x25, "Innovision Research and Technology Plc UK" },
+       { 0x26, "Hitachi ULSI Systems Co., Ltd. Japan" },
+       { 0x27, "Cypak AB Sweden" },
+       { 0x28, "Ricoh Japan" },
+       { 0x29, "ASK France" },
+       { 0x2A, "Unicore Microsystems, LLC Russian Federation" },
+       { 0x2B, "Dallas Semiconductor/Maxim USA" },
+       { 0x2C, "Impinj, Inc. USA" },
+       { 0x2D, "RightPlug Alliance USA" },
+       { 0x2E, "Broadcom Corporation USA" },
+       { 0x2F, "MStar Semiconductor, Inc Taiwan, ROC" },
+       { 0x30, "BeeDar Technology Inc. USA" },
+       { 0x31, "RFIDsec Denmark" },
+       { 0x32, "Schweizer Electronic AG Germany" },
+       { 0x33, "AMIC Technology Corp Taiwan" }, 
+       { 0x34, "Mikron JSC Russia" },
+       { 0x35, "Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems Germany" },
+       { 0x36, "IDS Microchip AG Switzerland" },
+       { 0x37, "Kovio USA" },
+       { 0x38, "HMT Microelectronic Ltd Switzerland Identifier Company Country" },
+       { 0x39, "Silicon Craft Technology Thailand" },
+       { 0x3A, "Advanced Film Device Inc. Japan" },
+       { 0x3B, "Nitecrest Ltd UK" },
+       { 0x3C, "Verayo Inc. USA" },
+       { 0x3D, "HID Global USA" },
+       { 0x3E, "Productivity Engineering Gmbh Germany" },
+       { 0x3F, "Austriamicrosystems AG (reserved) Austria" }, 
+       { 0x40, "Gemalto SA France" },
+       { 0x41, "Renesas Electronics Corporation Japan" },
+       { 0x42, "3Alogics Inc Korea" },
+       { 0x43, "Top TroniQ Asia Limited Hong Kong" },
+       { 0x44, "Gentag Inc (USA) USA" },
+       { 0x00, "no tag-info available" } // must be the last entry
+};
 
 
-               uint8_t *frame = trace + tracepos;
-               tracepos += data_len;
-               uint8_t *parityBytes = trace + tracepos;
-               tracepos += parity_len;
-               
-               char line[16][110];
-               for (int j = 0; j < data_len; j++) {
-                       int oddparity = 0x01;
-                       int k;
 
 
-                       for (k=0;k<8;k++) {
-                               oddparity ^= (((frame[j] & 0xFF) >> k) & 0x01);
-                       }
+// get a product description based on the UID
+//             uid[8]  tag uid
+// returns description of the best match       
+char* getTagInfo(uint8_t uid) {
 
 
-                       uint8_t parityBits = parityBytes[j>>3];
-                       if (isResponse && (oddparity != ((parityBits >> (7-(j&0x0007))) & 0x01))) {
-                               sprintf(line[j/16]+((j%16)*4), "%02x! ", frame[j]);
-                       } else {
-                               sprintf(line[j/16]+((j%16)*4), "%02x  ", frame[j]);     
-                       }
-               }
-               
-               char crc[5] = {0x00}; 
-               if (data_len > 2) {
-                       uint8_t b1, b2;
-                       ComputeCrc14443(CRC_14443_A, frame, data_len-2, &b1, &b2);
-                       if (b1 != frame[data_len-2] || b2 != frame[data_len-1]) {
-                               sprintf(crc, (isResponse & (data_len < 6)) ? "" : "!crc");
-                       } 
-               }
-               
-               EndOfTransmissionTimestamp = timestamp + duration;
-               int num_lines = (data_len - 1)/16 + 1;
-                               
-               for (int j = 0; j < num_lines; j++) {
-                       if (j == 0) {
-                               PrintAndLog(" %9d | %9d | %s | %-64s| %s",
-                                       (timestamp - first_timestamp),
-                                       (EndOfTransmissionTimestamp - first_timestamp),
-                                       (isResponse ? "Tag" : "Rdr"),
-                                       line[j], 
-                                       (j == num_lines-1)?crc:""
-                                       );
-                       } else {
-                               PrintAndLog("           |           |     | %-64s| %s",
-                                       line[j], 
-                                       (j == num_lines-1)?crc:"");
-                       }
-               }                               
+       int i;
+       int len = sizeof(manufactureMapping) / sizeof(manufactureName);
        
        
-               bool next_isResponse = *((uint16_t *)(trace + tracepos + 6)) & 0x8000;
-               
-               if (ShowWaitCycles && !isResponse && next_isResponse) {
-                       uint32_t next_timestamp = *((uint32_t *)(trace + tracepos));
-                       if (next_timestamp != 0x44444444) {
-                               PrintAndLog(" %9d | %9d | %s | fdt (Frame Delay Time): %d",
-                                       (EndOfTransmissionTimestamp - first_timestamp),
-                                       (next_timestamp - first_timestamp),
-                                       " ",
-                                       (next_timestamp - EndOfTransmissionTimestamp));                         
-                       }
-               }       
-       }
-       return 0;
+       for ( i = 0; i < len; ++i ) 
+               if ( uid == manufactureMapping[i].uid) 
+                       return manufactureMapping[i].desc;
+
+       //No match, return default
+       return manufactureMapping[len-1].desc; 
 }
 
 }
 
-void iso14a_set_timeout(uint32_t timeout) {
-       UsbCommand c = {CMD_READER_ISO_14443a, {ISO14A_SET_TIMEOUT, 0, timeout}};
-       SendCommand(&c);
+int CmdHF14AList(const char *Cmd)
+{
+       PrintAndLog("Deprecated command, use 'hf list 14a' instead");
+       return 0;
 }
 
 int CmdHF14AReader(const char *Cmd)
 }
 
 int CmdHF14AReader(const char *Cmd)
@@ -193,6 +156,12 @@ int CmdHF14AReader(const char *Cmd)
        PrintAndLog(" UID : %s", sprint_hex(card.uid, card.uidlen));
        PrintAndLog(" SAK : %02x [%d]", card.sak, resp.arg[0]);
 
        PrintAndLog(" UID : %s", sprint_hex(card.uid, card.uidlen));
        PrintAndLog(" SAK : %02x [%d]", card.sak, resp.arg[0]);
 
+       // Double & triple sized UID, can be mapped to a manufacturer.
+       // HACK: does this apply for Ultralight cards?
+       if ( card.uidlen > 4 ) {
+               PrintAndLog("MANUFACTURER : %s", getTagInfo(card.uid[0]));
+       }
+
        switch (card.sak) {
                case 0x00: PrintAndLog("TYPE : NXP MIFARE Ultralight | Ultralight C"); break;
                case 0x01: PrintAndLog("TYPE : NXP TNP3xxx Activision Game Appliance"); break;
        switch (card.sak) {
                case 0x00: PrintAndLog("TYPE : NXP MIFARE Ultralight | Ultralight C"); break;
                case 0x01: PrintAndLog("TYPE : NXP TNP3xxx Activision Game Appliance"); break;
@@ -211,7 +180,6 @@ int CmdHF14AReader(const char *Cmd)
                default: ;
        }
 
                default: ;
        }
 
-       
        // try to request ATS even if tag claims not to support it
        if (select_status == 2) {
                uint8_t rats[] = { 0xE0, 0x80 }; // FSDI=8 (FSD=256), CID=0
        // try to request ATS even if tag claims not to support it
        if (select_status == 2) {
                uint8_t rats[] = { 0xE0, 0x80 }; // FSDI=8 (FSD=256), CID=0
@@ -226,12 +194,6 @@ int CmdHF14AReader(const char *Cmd)
                card.ats_len = resp.arg[0];                             // note: ats_len includes CRC Bytes
        } 
 
                card.ats_len = resp.arg[0];                             // note: ats_len includes CRC Bytes
        } 
 
-       // disconnect
-       c.arg[0] = 0;
-       c.arg[1] = 0;
-       c.arg[2] = 0;
-       SendCommand(&c);
-       
        if(card.ats_len >= 3) {                 // a valid ATS consists of at least the length byte (TL) and 2 CRC bytes
                bool ta1 = 0, tb1 = 0, tc1 = 0;
                int pos;
        if(card.ats_len >= 3) {                 // a valid ATS consists of at least the length byte (TL) and 2 CRC bytes
                bool ta1 = 0, tb1 = 0, tc1 = 0;
                int pos;
@@ -370,6 +332,24 @@ int CmdHF14AReader(const char *Cmd)
                PrintAndLog("proprietary non iso14443-4 card found, RATS not supported");
        }
 
                PrintAndLog("proprietary non iso14443-4 card found, RATS not supported");
        }
 
+       
+       // try to see if card responses to "chinese magic backdoor" commands.
+       c.cmd = CMD_MIFARE_CIDENT;
+       c.arg[0] = 0;
+       c.arg[1] = 0;
+       c.arg[2] = 0;   
+       SendCommand(&c);
+       WaitForResponse(CMD_ACK,&resp);
+       uint8_t isOK  = resp.arg[0] & 0xff;
+       PrintAndLog("Answers to chinese magic backdoor commands: %s", (isOK ? "YES" : "NO") );
+       
+       // disconnect
+       c.cmd = CMD_READER_ISO_14443a;
+       c.arg[0] = 0;
+       c.arg[1] = 0;
+       c.arg[2] = 0;
+       SendCommand(&c);
+
        return select_status;
 }
 
        return select_status;
 }
 
@@ -427,9 +407,9 @@ int CmdHF14ASim(const char *Cmd)
                PrintAndLog("   syntax: hf 14a sim <type> <uid>");
                PrintAndLog("    types: 1 = MIFARE Classic");
                PrintAndLog("           2 = MIFARE Ultralight");
                PrintAndLog("   syntax: hf 14a sim <type> <uid>");
                PrintAndLog("    types: 1 = MIFARE Classic");
                PrintAndLog("           2 = MIFARE Ultralight");
-               PrintAndLog("           3 = MIFARE DESFIRE");
+               PrintAndLog("           3 = MIFARE Desfire");
                PrintAndLog("           4 = ISO/IEC 14443-4");
                PrintAndLog("           4 = ISO/IEC 14443-4");
-               PrintAndLog("           5 = MIFARE TNP3XXX");           
+               PrintAndLog("           5 = MIFARE Tnp3xxx");           
                PrintAndLog("");
                return 1;
        }
                PrintAndLog("");
                return 1;
        }
@@ -495,9 +475,10 @@ int CmdHF14ASim(const char *Cmd)
 int CmdHF14ASnoop(const char *Cmd) {
        int param = 0;
        
 int CmdHF14ASnoop(const char *Cmd) {
        int param = 0;
        
-       if (param_getchar(Cmd, 0) == 'h') {
+       uint8_t ctmp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0) ;
+       if (ctmp == 'h' || ctmp == 'H') {
                PrintAndLog("It get data from the field and saves it into command buffer.");
                PrintAndLog("It get data from the field and saves it into command buffer.");
-               PrintAndLog("Buffer accessible from command hf 14a list.");
+               PrintAndLog("Buffer accessible from command hf list 14a.");
                PrintAndLog("Usage:  hf 14a snoop [c][r]");
                PrintAndLog("c - triggered by first data from card");
                PrintAndLog("r - triggered by first 7-bit request from reader (REQ,WUP,...)");
                PrintAndLog("Usage:  hf 14a snoop [c][r]");
                PrintAndLog("c - triggered by first data from card");
                PrintAndLog("r - triggered by first 7-bit request from reader (REQ,WUP,...)");
@@ -506,7 +487,7 @@ int CmdHF14ASnoop(const char *Cmd) {
        }       
        
        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
        }       
        
        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
-               char ctmp = param_getchar(Cmd, i);
+               ctmp = param_getchar(Cmd, i);
                if (ctmp == 'c' || ctmp == 'C') param |= 0x01;
                if (ctmp == 'r' || ctmp == 'R') param |= 0x02;
        }
                if (ctmp == 'c' || ctmp == 'C') param |= 0x01;
                if (ctmp == 'r' || ctmp == 'R') param |= 0x02;
        }
@@ -524,22 +505,23 @@ int CmdHF14ACmdRaw(const char *cmd) {
     uint8_t active=0;
     uint8_t active_select=0;
     uint16_t numbits=0;
     uint8_t active=0;
     uint8_t active_select=0;
     uint16_t numbits=0;
-       uint16_t timeout=0;
+       uint32_t timeout=0;
        uint8_t bTimeout=0;
     char buf[5]="";
     int i=0;
     uint8_t data[USB_CMD_DATA_SIZE];
        uint8_t bTimeout=0;
     char buf[5]="";
     int i=0;
     uint8_t data[USB_CMD_DATA_SIZE];
-    unsigned int datalen=0, temp;
+       uint16_t datalen=0;
+       uint32_t temp;
 
     if (strlen(cmd)<2) {
 
     if (strlen(cmd)<2) {
-        PrintAndLog("Usage: hf 14a raw [-r] [-c] [-p] [-f] [-b] [-t] <number of bits> <0A 0B 0C ... hex>");
+        PrintAndLog("Usage: hf 14a raw [-r] [-c] [-p] [-a] [-t] <milliseconds> [-b] <number of bits>  <0A 0B 0C ... hex>");
         PrintAndLog("       -r    do not read response");
         PrintAndLog("       -c    calculate and append CRC");
         PrintAndLog("       -p    leave the signal field ON after receive");
         PrintAndLog("       -a    active signal field ON without select");
         PrintAndLog("       -s    active signal field ON with select");
         PrintAndLog("       -b    number of bits to send. Useful for send partial byte");
         PrintAndLog("       -r    do not read response");
         PrintAndLog("       -c    calculate and append CRC");
         PrintAndLog("       -p    leave the signal field ON after receive");
         PrintAndLog("       -a    active signal field ON without select");
         PrintAndLog("       -s    active signal field ON with select");
         PrintAndLog("       -b    number of bits to send. Useful for send partial byte");
-               PrintAndLog("       -t    timeout");
+               PrintAndLog("       -t    timeout in ms");
         return 0;
     }
 
         return 0;
     }
 
@@ -575,10 +557,10 @@ int CmdHF14ACmdRaw(const char *cmd) {
                                case 't':
                                        bTimeout=1;
                                        sscanf(cmd+i+2,"%d",&temp);
                                case 't':
                                        bTimeout=1;
                                        sscanf(cmd+i+2,"%d",&temp);
-                                       timeout = temp & 0xFFFF;
+                                       timeout = temp;
                                        i+=3;
                                        while(cmd[i]!=' ' && cmd[i]!='\0') { i++; }
                                        i+=3;
                                        while(cmd[i]!=' ' && cmd[i]!='\0') { i++; }
-                                       i+=2;
+                                       i-=2;
                                        break;
                 default:
                     PrintAndLog("Invalid option");
                                        break;
                 default:
                     PrintAndLog("Invalid option");
@@ -623,14 +605,15 @@ int CmdHF14ACmdRaw(const char *cmd) {
         if(active)
             c.arg[0] |= ISO14A_NO_SELECT;
     }
         if(active)
             c.arg[0] |= ISO14A_NO_SELECT;
     }
+
        if(bTimeout){
        if(bTimeout){
-           #define MAX_TIMEOUT 624*105 // max timeout is 624 ms
+           #define MAX_TIMEOUT 40542464        // (2^32-1) * (8*16) / 13560000Hz * 1000ms/s = 
         c.arg[0] |= ISO14A_SET_TIMEOUT;
         c.arg[0] |= ISO14A_SET_TIMEOUT;
-        c.arg[2] = timeout * 105; // each bit is about 9.4 us
-        if(c.arg[2]>MAX_TIMEOUT) {
-            c.arg[2] = MAX_TIMEOUT;
-            PrintAndLog("Set timeout to 624 ms. The max we can wait for response");
+        if(timeout > MAX_TIMEOUT) {
+            timeout = MAX_TIMEOUT;
+            PrintAndLog("Set timeout to 40542 seconds (11.26 hours). The max we can wait for response");
         }
         }
+               c.arg[2] = 13560000 / 1000 / (8*16) * timeout; // timeout in ETUs (time to transfer 1 bit, approx. 9.4 us)
        }
     if(power)
         c.arg[0] |= ISO14A_NO_DISCONNECT;
        }
     if(power)
         c.arg[0] |= ISO14A_NO_DISCONNECT;
@@ -658,7 +641,7 @@ static void waitCmd(uint8_t iSelect)
     UsbCommand resp;
     char *hexout;
 
     UsbCommand resp;
     char *hexout;
 
-    if (WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,&resp,10000)) {
+    if (WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,&resp,1500)) {
         recv = resp.d.asBytes;
         uint8_t iLen = iSelect ? resp.arg[1] : resp.arg[0];
         PrintAndLog("received %i octets",iLen);
         recv = resp.d.asBytes;
         uint8_t iLen = iSelect ? resp.arg[1] : resp.arg[0];
         PrintAndLog("received %i octets",iLen);
@@ -682,10 +665,10 @@ static void waitCmd(uint8_t iSelect)
 static command_t CommandTable[] = 
 {
   {"help",   CmdHelp,              1, "This help"},
 static command_t CommandTable[] = 
 {
   {"help",   CmdHelp,              1, "This help"},
-  {"list",   CmdHF14AList,         0, "List ISO 14443a history"},
+  {"list",   CmdHF14AList,         0, "[Deprecated] List ISO 14443a history"},
   {"reader", CmdHF14AReader,       0, "Act like an ISO14443 Type A reader"},
   {"cuids",  CmdHF14ACUIDs,        0, "<n> Collect n>0 ISO14443 Type A UIDs in one go"},
   {"reader", CmdHF14AReader,       0, "Act like an ISO14443 Type A reader"},
   {"cuids",  CmdHF14ACUIDs,        0, "<n> Collect n>0 ISO14443 Type A UIDs in one go"},
-  {"sim",    CmdHF14ASim,          0, "<UID> -- Fake ISO 14443a tag"},
+  {"sim",    CmdHF14ASim,          0, "<UID> -- Simulate ISO 14443a tag"},
   {"snoop",  CmdHF14ASnoop,        0, "Eavesdrop ISO 14443 Type A"},
   {"raw",    CmdHF14ACmdRaw,       0, "Send raw hex data to tag"},
   {NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}
   {"snoop",  CmdHF14ASnoop,        0, "Eavesdrop ISO 14443 Type A"},
   {"raw",    CmdHF14ACmdRaw,       0, "Send raw hex data to tag"},
   {NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}
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