whitespace cleaning

[proxmark3-svn] / armsrc / lfops.c

diff --git a/armsrc/lfops.c b/armsrc/lfops.c
index e5a40b2e916f16b4d963325c7bf1c940502e0a47..c9947d97599e6e150f457c38f224dd36c455cacc 100644 (file)
--- a/armsrc/lfops.c
+++ b/armsrc/lfops.c
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 // the license.
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Miscellaneous routines for low frequency tag operations.
 // the license.
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Miscellaneous routines for low frequency tag operations.

-// Tags supported here so far are Texas Instruments (TI), HID
+// Tags supported here so far are Texas Instruments (TI), HID, EM4x05, EM410x

 // Also routines for raw mode reading/simulating of LF waveform
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 // Also routines for raw mode reading/simulating of LF waveform
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 


@@ -16,8 +16,9 @@
 #include "string.h"
 #include "lfdemod.h"
 #include "lfsampling.h"
 #include "string.h"
 #include "lfdemod.h"
 #include "lfsampling.h"

-#include "usb_cdc.h"
-
+#include "protocols.h"
+#include "usb_cdc.h" // for usb_poll_validate_length
+#include "fpgaloader.h"

 
 /**
  * Function to do a modulation and then get samples.
 
 /**
  * Function to do a modulation and then get samples.


@@ -26,54 +27,106 @@
  * @param period_1
  * @param command
  */
  * @param period_1
  * @param command
  */

-void ModThenAcquireRawAdcSamples125k(int delay_off, int period_0, int period_1, uint8_t *command)
+void ModThenAcquireRawAdcSamples125k(uint32_t delay_off, uint32_t period_0, uint32_t period_1, uint8_t *command)

 {
 {

+       // start timer
+       StartTicks();

 
 

-       int divisor_used = 95; // 125 KHz
-       // see if 'h' was specified
-
-       if (command[strlen((char *) command) - 1] == 'h')
-               divisor_used = 88; // 134.8 KHz
+       // use lf config settings
+       sample_config *sc = getSamplingConfig();

 
 

-       sample_config sc = { 0,0,1, divisor_used, 0};
-       setSamplingConfig(&sc);
-
-       /* Make sure the tag is reset */
+       // Make sure the tag is reset

        FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF);
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
        FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF);
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);

-       SpinDelay(2500);
+       WaitMS(2500);

 
 

-       LFSetupFPGAForADC(sc.divisor, 1);
+       // clear read buffer (after fpga bitstream loaded...)
+       BigBuf_Clear_keep_EM();

 
 

-       // And a little more time for the tag to fully power up
-       SpinDelay(2000);
+       // power on
+       LFSetupFPGAForADC(sc->divisor, 1);

 
 

+       // And a little more time for the tag to fully power up
+       WaitMS(2000);
+       // if delay_off = 0 then just bitbang 1 = antenna on 0 = off for respective periods.
+       bool bitbang = delay_off == 0;

        // now modulate the reader field
        // now modulate the reader field

-       while(*command != '\0' && *command != ' ') {
+
+       if (bitbang) {
+               // HACK it appears the loop and if statements take up about 7us so adjust waits accordingly...
+               uint8_t hack_cnt = 7;
+               if (period_0 < hack_cnt || period_1 < hack_cnt) {
+                       DbpString("Warning periods cannot be less than 7us in bit bang mode");
+                       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
+                       LED_D_OFF();
+                       return;
+               }
+
+               // hack2 needed---  it appears to take about 8-16us to turn the antenna back on 
+               // leading to ~ 1 to 2 125khz samples extra in every off period 
+               // so we should test for last 0 before next 1 and reduce period_0 by this extra amount...
+               // but is this time different for every antenna or other hw builds???  more testing needed
+
+               // prime cmd_len to save time comparing strings while modulating
+               int cmd_len = 0;
+               while(command[cmd_len] != '\0' && command[cmd_len] != ' ')
+                       cmd_len++;
+
+               int counter = 0;
+               bool off = false;
+               for (counter = 0; counter < cmd_len; counter++) {
+                       // if cmd = 0 then turn field off
+                       if (command[counter] == '0') {
+                               // if field already off leave alone (affects timing otherwise)
+                               if (off == false) {
+                                       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
+                                       LED_D_OFF();
+                                       off = true;
+                               }
+                               // note we appear to take about 7us to switch over (or run the if statements/loop...)
+                               WaitUS(period_0-hack_cnt);
+                       // else if cmd = 1 then turn field on
+                       } else {
+                               // if field already on leave alone (affects timing otherwise)
+                               if (off) {
+                                       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);
+                                       LED_D_ON();
+                                       off = false;
+                               }
+                               // note we appear to take about 7us to switch over (or run the if statements/loop...)
+                               WaitUS(period_1-hack_cnt);
+                       }
+               }
+       } else { // old mode of cmd read using delay as off period
+               while(*command != '\0' && *command != ' ') {
+                       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
+                       LED_D_OFF();
+                       WaitUS(delay_off);
+                       FpgaSendCommand(FPGA_CMD_SET_DIVISOR, sc->divisor);
+                       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);
+                       LED_D_ON();
+                       if(*(command++) == '0') {
+                               WaitUS(period_0);
+                       } else {
+                               WaitUS(period_1);
+                       }
+               }

                FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
                LED_D_OFF();
                FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
                LED_D_OFF();

-               SpinDelayUs(delay_off);
-               FpgaSendCommand(FPGA_CMD_SET_DIVISOR, sc.divisor);
-
-               FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);
-               LED_D_ON();
-               if(*(command++) == '0')
-                       SpinDelayUs(period_0);
-               else
-                       SpinDelayUs(period_1);
+               WaitUS(delay_off);
+               FpgaSendCommand(FPGA_CMD_SET_DIVISOR, sc->divisor);

        }
        }

-       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
-       LED_D_OFF();
-       SpinDelayUs(delay_off);
-       FpgaSendCommand(FPGA_CMD_SET_DIVISOR, sc.divisor);

 
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);
 
        // now do the read
 
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);
 
        // now do the read

-       DoAcquisition_config(false);
-}
-
+       DoAcquisition_config(false, 0);

 
 

+       // Turn off antenna
+       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
+       // tell client we are done
+       cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,0,0,0,0);
+}

 
 /* blank r/w tag data stream
 ...0000000000000000 01111111
 
 /* blank r/w tag data stream
 ...0000000000000000 01111111


@@ -248,7 +301,7 @@ void AcquireTiType(void)
 
        // clear buffer
        uint32_t *BigBuf = (uint32_t *)BigBuf_get_addr();
 
        // clear buffer
        uint32_t *BigBuf = (uint32_t *)BigBuf_get_addr();

-       memset(BigBuf,0,BigBuf_max_traceLen()/sizeof(uint32_t));
+       BigBuf_Clear_ext(false);

 
        // Set up the synchronous serial port
        AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PDR = GPIO_SSC_DIN;
 
        // Set up the synchronous serial port
        AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PDR = GPIO_SSC_DIN;


@@ -379,7 +432,7 @@ void WriteTItag(uint32_t idhi, uint32_t idlo, uint16_t crc)
        AcquireTiType();
 
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
        AcquireTiType();
 
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);

-       DbpString("Now use tiread to check");
+       DbpString("Now use `lf ti read` to check");

 }
 
 void SimulateTagLowFrequency(int period, int gap, int ledcontrol)
 }
 
 void SimulateTagLowFrequency(int period, int gap, int ledcontrol)


@@ -387,7 +440,8 @@ void SimulateTagLowFrequency(int period, int gap, int ledcontrol)
        int i;
        uint8_t *tab = BigBuf_get_addr();
 
        int i;
        uint8_t *tab = BigBuf_get_addr();
 

-       FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF);
+       //note FpgaDownloadAndGo destroys the bigbuf so be sure this is called before now...
+       //FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF);  

        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_EDGE_DETECT);
 
        AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PER = GPIO_SSC_DOUT | GPIO_SSC_CLK;
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_EDGE_DETECT);
 
        AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PER = GPIO_SSC_DOUT | GPIO_SSC_CLK;


@@ -395,18 +449,25 @@ void SimulateTagLowFrequency(int period, int gap, int ledcontrol)
        AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_OER = GPIO_SSC_DOUT;
        AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_ODR = GPIO_SSC_CLK;
 
        AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_OER = GPIO_SSC_DOUT;
        AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_ODR = GPIO_SSC_CLK;
 

- #define SHORT_COIL()  LOW(GPIO_SSC_DOUT)
- #define OPEN_COIL()           HIGH(GPIO_SSC_DOUT)
+ #define SHORT_COIL()   LOW(GPIO_SSC_DOUT)
+ #define OPEN_COIL()    HIGH(GPIO_SSC_DOUT)

 
        i = 0;
        for(;;) {
                //wait until SSC_CLK goes HIGH
 
        i = 0;
        for(;;) {
                //wait until SSC_CLK goes HIGH

+               int ii = 0;

                while(!(AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PDSR & GPIO_SSC_CLK)) {
                while(!(AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PDSR & GPIO_SSC_CLK)) {

-                       if(BUTTON_PRESS() || usb_poll()) {
-                               DbpString("Stopped");
-                               return;
+                       //only check every 1000th time (usb_poll_validate_length on some systems was too slow)
+                       if ( ii == 1000 ) {
+                               if (BUTTON_PRESS() || usb_poll_validate_length() ) {
+                                       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
+                                       DbpString("Stopped");
+                                       return;
+                               }
+                               ii=0;

                        }
                        WDT_HIT();
                        }
                        WDT_HIT();

+                       ii++;

                }
                if (ledcontrol)
                        LED_D_ON();
                }
                if (ledcontrol)
                        LED_D_ON();


@@ -418,13 +479,20 @@ void SimulateTagLowFrequency(int period, int gap, int ledcontrol)
 
                if (ledcontrol)
                        LED_D_OFF();
 
                if (ledcontrol)
                        LED_D_OFF();

+               ii=0;

                //wait until SSC_CLK goes LOW
                while(AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PDSR & GPIO_SSC_CLK) {
                //wait until SSC_CLK goes LOW
                while(AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PDSR & GPIO_SSC_CLK) {

-                       if(BUTTON_PRESS()) {
-                               DbpString("Stopped");
-                               return;
+                       //only check every 1000th time (usb_poll_validate_length on some systems was too slow)
+                       if ( ii == 1000 ) { 
+                               if (BUTTON_PRESS() || usb_poll_validate_length() ) {
+                                       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
+                                       DbpString("Stopped");
+                                       return;
+                               }
+                               ii=0;

                        }
                        WDT_HIT();
                        }
                        WDT_HIT();

+                       ii++;

                }
 
                i++;
                }
 
                i++;


@@ -436,6 +504,7 @@ void SimulateTagLowFrequency(int period, int gap, int ledcontrol)
                                SpinDelayUs(gap);
                        }
                }
                                SpinDelayUs(gap);
                        }
                }

+

        }
 }
 
        }
 }
 


@@ -500,7 +569,7 @@ static void fcAll(uint8_t fc, int *n, uint8_t clock, uint16_t *modCnt)
        uint8_t wavesPerClock = clock/fc;
        uint8_t mod = clock % fc;    //modifier
        uint8_t modAdj = fc/mod;     //how often to apply modifier
        uint8_t wavesPerClock = clock/fc;
        uint8_t mod = clock % fc;    //modifier
        uint8_t modAdj = fc/mod;     //how often to apply modifier

-       bool modAdjOk = !(fc % mod); //if (fc % mod==0) modAdjOk=TRUE;
+       bool modAdjOk = !(fc % mod); //if (fc % mod==0) modAdjOk=true;

        // loop through clock - step field clock
        for (uint8_t idx=0; idx < wavesPerClock; idx++){
                // put 1/2 FC length 1's and 1/2 0's per field clock wave (to create the wave)
        // loop through clock - step field clock
        for (uint8_t idx=0; idx < wavesPerClock; idx++){
                // put 1/2 FC length 1's and 1/2 0's per field clock wave (to create the wave)


@@ -525,7 +594,7 @@ static void fcAll(uint8_t fc, int *n, uint8_t clock, uint16_t *modCnt)
 
 // prepare a waveform pattern in the buffer based on the ID given then
 // simulate a HID tag until the button is pressed
 
 // prepare a waveform pattern in the buffer based on the ID given then
 // simulate a HID tag until the button is pressed

-void CmdHIDsimTAG(int hi, int lo, int ledcontrol)
+void CmdHIDsimTAG(int hi2, int hi, int lo, int ledcontrol)

 {
        int n=0, i=0;
        /*
 {
        int n=0, i=0;
        /*


@@ -538,10 +607,13 @@ void CmdHIDsimTAG(int hi, int lo, int ledcontrol)
         nor 1 bits, they are special patterns (a = set of 12 fc8 and b = set of 10 fc10)
        */
 
         nor 1 bits, they are special patterns (a = set of 12 fc8 and b = set of 10 fc10)
        */
 

-       if (hi>0xFFF) {
-               DbpString("Tags can only have 44 bits. - USE lf simfsk for larger tags");
+       if (hi2>0x0FFFFFFF) {
+               DbpString("Tags can only have 44 or 84 bits. - USE lf simfsk for larger tags");

                return;
        }
                return;
        }

+       // set LF so we don't kill the bigbuf we are setting with simulation data.
+       FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF);
+

        fc(0,&n);
        // special start of frame marker containing invalid bit sequences
        fc(8,  &n);     fc(8,  &n); // invalid
        fc(0,&n);
        // special start of frame marker containing invalid bit sequences
        fc(8,  &n);     fc(8,  &n); // invalid


@@ -550,13 +622,35 @@ void CmdHIDsimTAG(int hi, int lo, int ledcontrol)
        fc(8,  &n);     fc(10, &n); // logical 0
 
        WDT_HIT();
        fc(8,  &n);     fc(10, &n); // logical 0
 
        WDT_HIT();

-       // manchester encode bits 43 to 32
-       for (i=11; i>=0; i--) {
-               if ((i%4)==3) fc(0,&n);
-               if ((hi>>i)&1) {
-                       fc(10, &n); fc(8,  &n);         // low-high transition
-               } else {
-                       fc(8,  &n); fc(10, &n);         // high-low transition
+       if (hi2 > 0 || hi > 0xFFF){
+               // manchester encode bits 91 to 64 (91-84 are part of the header)
+               for (i=27; i>=0; i--) {
+                       if ((i%4)==3) fc(0,&n);
+                       if ((hi2>>i)&1) {
+                               fc(10, &n); fc(8,  &n);         // low-high transition
+                       } else {
+                               fc(8,  &n); fc(10, &n);         // high-low transition
+                       }
+               }
+               WDT_HIT();
+               // manchester encode bits 63 to 32
+               for (i=31; i>=0; i--) {
+                       if ((i%4)==3) fc(0,&n);
+                       if ((hi>>i)&1) {
+                               fc(10, &n); fc(8,  &n);         // low-high transition
+                       } else {
+                               fc(8,  &n); fc(10, &n);         // high-low transition
+                       }
+               }
+       } else {
+               // manchester encode bits 43 to 32
+               for (i=11; i>=0; i--) {
+                       if ((i%4)==3) fc(0,&n);
+                       if ((hi>>i)&1) {
+                               fc(10, &n); fc(8,  &n);         // low-high transition
+                       } else {
+                               fc(8,  &n); fc(10, &n);         // high-low transition
+                       }

                }
        }
 
                }
        }
 


@@ -592,6 +686,9 @@ void CmdFSKsimTAG(uint16_t arg1, uint16_t arg2, size_t size, uint8_t *BitStream)
        uint8_t clk = arg2 & 0xFF;
        uint8_t invert = (arg2 >> 8) & 1;
 
        uint8_t clk = arg2 & 0xFF;
        uint8_t invert = (arg2 >> 8) & 1;
 

+       // set LF so we don't kill the bigbuf we are setting with simulation data.
+       FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF);
+

        for (i=0; i<size; i++){
                if (BitStream[i] == invert){
                        fcAll(fcLow, &n, clk, &modCnt);
        for (i=0; i<size; i++){
                if (BitStream[i] == invert){
                        fcAll(fcLow, &n, clk, &modCnt);


@@ -642,7 +739,19 @@ static void biphaseSimBit(uint8_t c, int *n, uint8_t clock, uint8_t *phase)
                memset(dest+(*n), c ^ *phase, clock);
                *phase ^= 1;
        }
                memset(dest+(*n), c ^ *phase, clock);
                *phase ^= 1;
        }

+       *n += clock;
+}

 
 

+static void stAskSimBit(int *n, uint8_t clock) {
+       uint8_t *dest = BigBuf_get_addr();
+       uint8_t halfClk = clock/2;
+       //ST = .5 high .5 low 1.5 high .5 low 1 high    
+       memset(dest+(*n), 1, halfClk);
+       memset(dest+(*n) + halfClk, 0, halfClk);
+       memset(dest+(*n) + clock, 1, clock + halfClk);
+       memset(dest+(*n) + clock*2 + halfClk, 0, halfClk);
+       memset(dest+(*n) + clock*3, 1, clock);
+       *n += clock*4;

 }
 
 // args clock, ask/man or askraw, invert, transmission separator
 }
 
 // args clock, ask/man or askraw, invert, transmission separator


@@ -651,16 +760,19 @@ void CmdASKsimTag(uint16_t arg1, uint16_t arg2, size_t size, uint8_t *BitStream)
        int ledcontrol = 1;
        int n=0, i=0;
        uint8_t clk = (arg1 >> 8) & 0xFF;
        int ledcontrol = 1;
        int n=0, i=0;
        uint8_t clk = (arg1 >> 8) & 0xFF;

-       uint8_t encoding = arg1 & 1;
+       uint8_t encoding = arg1 & 0xFF;

        uint8_t separator = arg2 & 1;
        uint8_t invert = (arg2 >> 8) & 1;
 
        uint8_t separator = arg2 & 1;
        uint8_t invert = (arg2 >> 8) & 1;
 

+       // set LF so we don't kill the bigbuf we are setting with simulation data.
+       FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF);
+

        if (encoding==2){  //biphase
                uint8_t phase=0;
                for (i=0; i<size; i++){
                        biphaseSimBit(BitStream[i]^invert, &n, clk, &phase);
                }
        if (encoding==2){  //biphase
                uint8_t phase=0;
                for (i=0; i<size; i++){
                        biphaseSimBit(BitStream[i]^invert, &n, clk, &phase);
                }

-               if (BitStream[0]==BitStream[size-1]){ //run a second set inverted to keep phase in check
+               if (phase==1) { //run a second set inverted to keep phase in check

                        for (i=0; i<size; i++){
                                biphaseSimBit(BitStream[i]^invert, &n, clk, &phase);
                        }
                        for (i=0; i<size; i++){
                                biphaseSimBit(BitStream[i]^invert, &n, clk, &phase);
                        }


@@ -669,14 +781,16 @@ void CmdASKsimTag(uint16_t arg1, uint16_t arg2, size_t size, uint8_t *BitStream)
                for (i=0; i<size; i++){
                        askSimBit(BitStream[i]^invert, &n, clk, encoding);
                }
                for (i=0; i<size; i++){
                        askSimBit(BitStream[i]^invert, &n, clk, encoding);
                }

-               if (encoding==0 && BitStream[0]==BitStream[size-1]){ //run a second set inverted (for biphase phase)
+               if (encoding==0 && BitStream[0]==BitStream[size-1]){ //run a second set inverted (for ask/raw || biphase phase)

                        for (i=0; i<size; i++){
                                askSimBit(BitStream[i]^invert^1, &n, clk, encoding);
                        }
                }
        }
                        for (i=0; i<size; i++){
                                askSimBit(BitStream[i]^invert^1, &n, clk, encoding);
                        }
                }
        }

-       
-       if (separator==1) Dbprintf("sorry but separator option not yet available"); 
+       if (separator==1 && encoding == 1)
+               stAskSimBit(&n, clk);
+       else if (separator==1)
+               Dbprintf("sorry but separator option not yet available");

 
        Dbprintf("Simulating with clk: %d, invert: %d, encoding: %d, separator: %d, n: %d",clk, invert, encoding, separator, n);
        //DEBUG
 
        Dbprintf("Simulating with clk: %d, invert: %d, encoding: %d, separator: %d, n: %d",clk, invert, encoding, separator, n);
        //DEBUG


@@ -686,14 +800,10 @@ void CmdASKsimTag(uint16_t arg1, uint16_t arg2, size_t size, uint8_t *BitStream)
        //Dbprintf("%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d", dest[i],dest[i+1],dest[i+2],dest[i+3],dest[i+4],dest[i+5],dest[i+6],dest[i+7],dest[i+8],dest[i+9],dest[i+10],dest[i+11],dest[i+12],dest[i+13],dest[i+14],dest[i+15]);
        //i+=16;
        //Dbprintf("%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d", dest[i],dest[i+1],dest[i+2],dest[i+3],dest[i+4],dest[i+5],dest[i+6],dest[i+7],dest[i+8],dest[i+9],dest[i+10],dest[i+11],dest[i+12],dest[i+13],dest[i+14],dest[i+15]);
        //Dbprintf("%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d", dest[i],dest[i+1],dest[i+2],dest[i+3],dest[i+4],dest[i+5],dest[i+6],dest[i+7],dest[i+8],dest[i+9],dest[i+10],dest[i+11],dest[i+12],dest[i+13],dest[i+14],dest[i+15]);
        //i+=16;
        //Dbprintf("%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d", dest[i],dest[i+1],dest[i+2],dest[i+3],dest[i+4],dest[i+5],dest[i+6],dest[i+7],dest[i+8],dest[i+9],dest[i+10],dest[i+11],dest[i+12],dest[i+13],dest[i+14],dest[i+15]);

-
-       if (ledcontrol)
-               LED_A_ON();

        
        

+       if (ledcontrol) LED_A_ON();

        SimulateTagLowFrequency(n, 0, ledcontrol);
        SimulateTagLowFrequency(n, 0, ledcontrol);

-
-       if (ledcontrol)
-               LED_A_OFF();
+       if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();

 }
 
 //carrier can be 2,4 or 8
 }
 
 //carrier can be 2,4 or 8


@@ -728,11 +838,14 @@ void CmdPSKsimTag(uint16_t arg1, uint16_t arg2, size_t size, uint8_t *BitStream)
        uint8_t carrier = arg1 & 0xFF;
        uint8_t invert = arg2 & 0xFF;
        uint8_t curPhase = 0;
        uint8_t carrier = arg1 & 0xFF;
        uint8_t invert = arg2 & 0xFF;
        uint8_t curPhase = 0;

+       // set LF so we don't kill the bigbuf we are setting with simulation data.
+       FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF);
+

        for (i=0; i<size; i++){
                if (BitStream[i] == curPhase){
        for (i=0; i<size; i++){
                if (BitStream[i] == curPhase){

-                       pskSimBit(carrier, &n, clk, &curPhase, FALSE);
+                       pskSimBit(carrier, &n, clk, &curPhase, false);

                } else {
                } else {

-                       pskSimBit(carrier, &n, clk, &curPhase, TRUE);
+                       pskSimBit(carrier, &n, clk, &curPhase, true);

                }
        }
        Dbprintf("Simulating with Carrier: %d, clk: %d, invert: %d, n: %d",carrier, clk, invert, n);
                }
        }
        Dbprintf("Simulating with Carrier: %d, clk: %d, invert: %d, n: %d",carrier, clk, invert, n);


@@ -743,27 +856,27 @@ void CmdPSKsimTag(uint16_t arg1, uint16_t arg2, size_t size, uint8_t *BitStream)
        //i+=16;
        //Dbprintf("%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d", dest[i],dest[i+1],dest[i+2],dest[i+3],dest[i+4],dest[i+5],dest[i+6],dest[i+7],dest[i+8],dest[i+9],dest[i+10],dest[i+11],dest[i+12],dest[i+13],dest[i+14],dest[i+15]);
                   
        //i+=16;
        //Dbprintf("%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d", dest[i],dest[i+1],dest[i+2],dest[i+3],dest[i+4],dest[i+5],dest[i+6],dest[i+7],dest[i+8],dest[i+9],dest[i+10],dest[i+11],dest[i+12],dest[i+13],dest[i+14],dest[i+15]);
                   

-       if (ledcontrol)
-               LED_A_ON();
+       if (ledcontrol) LED_A_ON();

        SimulateTagLowFrequency(n, 0, ledcontrol);
        SimulateTagLowFrequency(n, 0, ledcontrol);

-
-       if (ledcontrol)
-               LED_A_OFF();
+       if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();

 }
 
 // loop to get raw HID waveform then FSK demodulate the TAG ID from it
 }
 
 // loop to get raw HID waveform then FSK demodulate the TAG ID from it

-void CmdHIDdemodFSK(int findone, int *high, int *low, int ledcontrol)
+void CmdHIDdemodFSK(int findone, int *high2, int *high, int *low, int ledcontrol)

 {
        uint8_t *dest = BigBuf_get_addr();
        //const size_t sizeOfBigBuff = BigBuf_max_traceLen();
        size_t size; 
        uint32_t hi2=0, hi=0, lo=0;
        int idx=0;
 {
        uint8_t *dest = BigBuf_get_addr();
        //const size_t sizeOfBigBuff = BigBuf_max_traceLen();
        size_t size; 
        uint32_t hi2=0, hi=0, lo=0;
        int idx=0;

+       int dummyIdx = 0;

        // Configure to go in 125Khz listen mode
        LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);
 
        // Configure to go in 125Khz listen mode
        LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);
 

-       while(!BUTTON_PRESS()) {
+       //clear read buffer
+       BigBuf_Clear_keep_EM();

 
 

+       while(!BUTTON_PRESS() && !usb_poll_validate_length()) {

                WDT_HIT();
                if (ledcontrol) LED_A_ON();
 
                WDT_HIT();
                if (ledcontrol) LED_A_ON();
 


@@ -771,72 +884,175 @@ void CmdHIDdemodFSK(int findone, int *high, int *low, int ledcontrol)
                // FSK demodulator
                //size = sizeOfBigBuff;  //variable size will change after demod so re initialize it before use
                size = 50*128*2; //big enough to catch 2 sequences of largest format
                // FSK demodulator
                //size = sizeOfBigBuff;  //variable size will change after demod so re initialize it before use
                size = 50*128*2; //big enough to catch 2 sequences of largest format

-               idx = HIDdemodFSK(dest, &size, &hi2, &hi, &lo);
+               idx = HIDdemodFSK(dest, &size, &hi2, &hi, &lo, &dummyIdx);

                
                if (idx>0 && lo>0 && (size==96 || size==192)){
                
                if (idx>0 && lo>0 && (size==96 || size==192)){

+                       uint8_t bitlen = 0;
+                       uint32_t fc = 0;
+                       uint32_t cardnum = 0;
+                       bool decoded = false;
+

                        // go over previously decoded manchester data and decode into usable tag ID
                        // go over previously decoded manchester data and decode into usable tag ID

-                       if (hi2 != 0){ //extra large HID tags  88/192 bits
-                               Dbprintf("TAG ID: %x%08x%08x (%d)",
-                                 (unsigned int) hi2, (unsigned int) hi, (unsigned int) lo, (unsigned int) (lo>>1) & 0xFFFF);
-                       }else {  //standard HID tags 44/96 bits
-                               //Dbprintf("TAG ID: %x%08x (%d)",(unsigned int) hi, (unsigned int) lo, (unsigned int) (lo>>1) & 0xFFFF); //old print cmd
-                               uint8_t bitlen = 0;
-                               uint32_t fc = 0;
-                               uint32_t cardnum = 0;
-                               if (((hi>>5)&1) == 1){//if bit 38 is set then < 37 bit format is used
-                                       uint32_t lo2=0;
-                                       lo2=(((hi & 31) << 12) | (lo>>20)); //get bits 21-37 to check for format len bit
-                                       uint8_t idx3 = 1;
-                                       while(lo2 > 1){ //find last bit set to 1 (format len bit)
-                                               lo2=lo2 >> 1;
-                                               idx3++;
-                                       }
-                                       bitlen = idx3+19;
-                                       fc =0;
-                                       cardnum=0;
-                                       if(bitlen == 26){
-                                               cardnum = (lo>>1)&0xFFFF;
-                                               fc = (lo>>17)&0xFF;
-                                       }
-                                       if(bitlen == 37){
-                                               cardnum = (lo>>1)&0x7FFFF;
-                                               fc = ((hi&0xF)<<12)|(lo>>20);
-                                       }
-                                       if(bitlen == 34){
-                                               cardnum = (lo>>1)&0xFFFF;
-                                               fc= ((hi&1)<<15)|(lo>>17);
-                                       }
-                                       if(bitlen == 35){
-                                               cardnum = (lo>>1)&0xFFFFF;
-                                               fc = ((hi&1)<<11)|(lo>>21);
-                                       }
+                       if ((hi2 & 0x000FFFF) != 0){ //extra large HID tags  88/192 bits
+                               uint32_t bp = hi2 & 0x000FFFFF;
+                               bitlen = 63;
+                               while (bp > 0) {
+                                       bp = bp >> 1;
+                                       bitlen++;

                                }
                                }

-                               else { //if bit 38 is not set then 37 bit format is used
-                                       bitlen= 37;
-                                       fc =0;
-                                       cardnum=0;
-                                       if(bitlen==37){
-                                               cardnum = (lo>>1)&0x7FFFF;
-                                               fc = ((hi&0xF)<<12)|(lo>>20);
-                                       }
+                       } else if ((hi >> 6) > 0) {
+                               uint32_t bp = hi;
+                               bitlen = 31;
+                               while (bp > 0) {
+                                       bp = bp >> 1;
+                                       bitlen++;

                                }
                                }

-                               //Dbprintf("TAG ID: %x%08x (%d)",
-                               // (unsigned int) hi, (unsigned int) lo, (unsigned int) (lo>>1) & 0xFFFF);
-                               Dbprintf("TAG ID: %x%08x (%d) - Format Len: %dbit - FC: %d - Card: %d",
-                                                (unsigned int) hi, (unsigned int) lo, (unsigned int) (lo>>1) & 0xFFFF,
-                                                (unsigned int) bitlen, (unsigned int) fc, (unsigned int) cardnum);
+                       } else if (((hi >> 5) & 1) == 0) {
+                               bitlen = 37;
+                       } else if ((hi & 0x0000001F) > 0 ) {
+                               uint32_t bp = (hi & 0x0000001F);
+                               bitlen = 31;
+                               while (bp > 0) {
+                                       bp = bp >> 1;
+                                       bitlen++;
+                               }
+                       } else {
+                               uint32_t bp = lo;
+                               bitlen = 0;
+                               while (bp > 0) {
+                                       bp = bp >> 1;
+                                       bitlen++;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       switch (bitlen){
+                               case 26:
+                                       cardnum = (lo>>1)&0xFFFF;
+                                       fc = (lo>>17)&0xFF;
+                                       decoded = true;
+                                       break;
+                               case 35:
+                                       cardnum = (lo>>1)&0xFFFFF;
+                                       fc = ((hi&1)<<11)|(lo>>21);
+                                       decoded = true;
+                                       break;

                        }
                        }

+                               
+                       if (hi2 != 0) //extra large HID tags  88/192 bits
+                               Dbprintf("TAG ID: %x%08x%08x (%d)",
+                                       (unsigned int) hi2, (unsigned int) hi, (unsigned int) lo, (unsigned int) (lo>>1) & 0xFFFF);
+                       else 
+                               Dbprintf("TAG ID: %x%08x (%d)",
+                                       (unsigned int) hi, (unsigned int) lo, (unsigned int) (lo>>1) & 0xFFFF);
+                       
+                       if (decoded)
+                               Dbprintf("Format Len: %dbits - FC: %d - Card: %d",
+                                       (unsigned int) bitlen, (unsigned int) fc, (unsigned int) cardnum);
+

                        if (findone){
                                if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();
                        if (findone){
                                if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();

+                               *high2 = hi2;

                                *high = hi;
                                *low = lo;
                                *high = hi;
                                *low = lo;

-                               return;
+                               break;

                        }
                        // reset
                }
                hi2 = hi = lo = idx = 0;
                WDT_HIT();
        }
                        }
                        // reset
                }
                hi2 = hi = lo = idx = 0;
                WDT_HIT();
        }

+
+       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
+       DbpString("Stopped");
+       if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();
+}
+
+// loop to get raw HID waveform then FSK demodulate the TAG ID from it
+void CmdAWIDdemodFSK(int findone, int *high, int *low, int ledcontrol)
+{
+       uint8_t *dest = BigBuf_get_addr();
+       size_t size; 
+       int idx=0, dummyIdx=0;
+       //clear read buffer
+       BigBuf_Clear_keep_EM();
+       // Configure to go in 125Khz listen mode
+       LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);
+
+       while(!BUTTON_PRESS() && !usb_poll_validate_length()) {
+
+               WDT_HIT();
+               if (ledcontrol) LED_A_ON();
+
+               DoAcquisition_default(-1,true);
+               // FSK demodulator
+               size = 50*128*2; //big enough to catch 2 sequences of largest format
+               idx = AWIDdemodFSK(dest, &size, &dummyIdx);
+               
+               if (idx<=0 || size!=96) continue;
+               // Index map
+               // 0            10            20            30              40            50              60
+               // |            |             |             |               |             |               |
+               // 01234567 890 1 234 5 678 9 012 3 456 7 890 1 234 5 678 9 012 3 456 7 890 1 234 5 678 9 012 3 - to 96
+               // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+               // 00000001 000 1 110 1 101 1 011 1 101 1 010 0 000 1 000 1 010 0 001 0 110 1 100 0 000 1 000 1
+               // premable bbb o bbb o bbw o fff o fff o ffc o ccc o ccc o ccc o ccc o ccc o wxx o xxx o xxx o - to 96
+               //          |---26 bit---|    |-----117----||-------------142-------------|
+               // b = format bit len, o = odd parity of last 3 bits
+               // f = facility code, c = card number
+               // w = wiegand parity
+               // (26 bit format shown)
+
+               //get raw ID before removing parities
+               uint32_t rawLo = bytebits_to_byte(dest+idx+64,32);
+               uint32_t rawHi = bytebits_to_byte(dest+idx+32,32);
+               uint32_t rawHi2 = bytebits_to_byte(dest+idx,32);
+
+               size = removeParity(dest, idx+8, 4, 1, 88);
+               if (size != 66) continue;
+               // ok valid card found!
+
+               // Index map
+               // 0           10         20        30          40        50        60
+               // |           |          |         |           |         |         |
+               // 01234567 8 90123456 7890123456789012 3 456789012345678901234567890123456
+               // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+               // 00011010 1 01110101 0000000010001110 1 000000000000000000000000000000000
+               // bbbbbbbb w ffffffff cccccccccccccccc w xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
+               // |26 bit|   |-117--| |-----142------|
+               // b = format bit len, o = odd parity of last 3 bits
+               // f = facility code, c = card number
+               // w = wiegand parity
+               // (26 bit format shown)
+
+               uint32_t fc = 0;
+               uint32_t cardnum = 0;
+               uint32_t code1 = 0;
+               uint32_t code2 = 0;
+               uint8_t fmtLen = bytebits_to_byte(dest,8);
+               if (fmtLen==26){
+                       fc = bytebits_to_byte(dest+9, 8);
+                       cardnum = bytebits_to_byte(dest+17, 16);
+                       code1 = bytebits_to_byte(dest+8,fmtLen);
+                       Dbprintf("AWID Found - BitLength: %d, FC: %d, Card: %d - Wiegand: %x, Raw: %08x%08x%08x", fmtLen, fc, cardnum, code1, rawHi2, rawHi, rawLo);
+               } else {
+                       cardnum = bytebits_to_byte(dest+8+(fmtLen-17), 16);
+                       if (fmtLen>32){
+                               code1 = bytebits_to_byte(dest+8,fmtLen-32);
+                               code2 = bytebits_to_byte(dest+8+(fmtLen-32),32);
+                               Dbprintf("AWID Found - BitLength: %d -unknown BitLength- (%d) - Wiegand: %x%08x, Raw: %08x%08x%08x", fmtLen, cardnum, code1, code2, rawHi2, rawHi, rawLo);
+                       } else{
+                               code1 = bytebits_to_byte(dest+8,fmtLen);
+                               Dbprintf("AWID Found - BitLength: %d -unknown BitLength- (%d) - Wiegand: %x, Raw: %08x%08x%08x", fmtLen, cardnum, code1, rawHi2, rawHi, rawLo);
+                       }
+               }
+               if (findone){
+                       if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();
+                       break;
+               }
+               // reset
+               idx = 0;
+               WDT_HIT();
+       }
+       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);

        DbpString("Stopped");
        if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();
 }
        DbpString("Stopped");
        if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();
 }


@@ -849,10 +1065,12 @@ void CmdEM410xdemod(int findone, int *high, int *low, int ledcontrol)
        int clk=0, invert=0, errCnt=0, maxErr=20;
        uint32_t hi=0;
        uint64_t lo=0;
        int clk=0, invert=0, errCnt=0, maxErr=20;
        uint32_t hi=0;
        uint64_t lo=0;

+       //clear read buffer
+       BigBuf_Clear_keep_EM();

        // Configure to go in 125Khz listen mode
        LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);
 
        // Configure to go in 125Khz listen mode
        LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);
 

-       while(!BUTTON_PRESS()) {
+       while(!BUTTON_PRESS() && !usb_poll_validate_length()) {

 
                WDT_HIT();
                if (ledcontrol) LED_A_ON();
 
                WDT_HIT();
                if (ledcontrol) LED_A_ON();


@@ -861,7 +1079,7 @@ void CmdEM410xdemod(int findone, int *high, int *low, int ledcontrol)
                size  = BigBuf_max_traceLen();
                //askdemod and manchester decode
                if (size > 16385) size = 16385; //big enough to catch 2 sequences of largest format
                size  = BigBuf_max_traceLen();
                //askdemod and manchester decode
                if (size > 16385) size = 16385; //big enough to catch 2 sequences of largest format

-               errCnt = askmandemod(dest, &size, &clk, &invert, maxErr);
+               errCnt = askdemod(dest, &size, &clk, &invert, maxErr, 0, 1);

                WDT_HIT();
 
                if (errCnt<0) continue;
                WDT_HIT();
 
                if (errCnt<0) continue;


@@ -889,13 +1107,14 @@ void CmdEM410xdemod(int findone, int *high, int *low, int ledcontrol)
                                if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();
                                *high=lo>>32;
                                *low=lo & 0xFFFFFFFF;
                                if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();
                                *high=lo>>32;
                                *low=lo & 0xFFFFFFFF;

-                               return;
+                               break;

                        }
                }
                WDT_HIT();
                hi = lo = size = idx = 0;
                clk = invert = errCnt = 0;
        }
                        }
                }
                WDT_HIT();
                hi = lo = size = idx = 0;
                clk = invert = errCnt = 0;
        }

+       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);

        DbpString("Stopped");
        if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();
 }
        DbpString("Stopped");
        if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();
 }


@@ -908,16 +1127,19 @@ void CmdIOdemodFSK(int findone, int *high, int *low, int ledcontrol)
        uint8_t version=0;
        uint8_t facilitycode=0;
        uint16_t number=0;
        uint8_t version=0;
        uint8_t facilitycode=0;
        uint16_t number=0;

+       int dummyIdx=0;
+       //clear read buffer
+       BigBuf_Clear_keep_EM();

        // Configure to go in 125Khz listen mode
        LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);
 
        // Configure to go in 125Khz listen mode
        LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);
 

-       while(!BUTTON_PRESS()) {
+       while(!BUTTON_PRESS() && !usb_poll_validate_length()) {

                WDT_HIT();
                if (ledcontrol) LED_A_ON();
                DoAcquisition_default(-1,true);
                //fskdemod and get start index
                WDT_HIT();
                WDT_HIT();
                if (ledcontrol) LED_A_ON();
                DoAcquisition_default(-1,true);
                //fskdemod and get start index
                WDT_HIT();

-               idx = IOdemodFSK(dest, BigBuf_max_traceLen());
+               idx = IOdemodFSK(dest, BigBuf_max_traceLen(), &dummyIdx);

                if (idx<0) continue;
                //valid tag found
 
                if (idx<0) continue;
                //valid tag found
 


@@ -952,7 +1174,7 @@ void CmdIOdemodFSK(int findone, int *high, int *low, int ledcontrol)
                        //LED_A_OFF();
                        *high=code;
                        *low=code2;
                        //LED_A_OFF();
                        *high=code;
                        *low=code2;

-                       return;
+                       break;

                }
                code=code2=0;
                version=facilitycode=0;
                }
                code=code2=0;
                version=facilitycode=0;


@@ -961,242 +1183,426 @@ void CmdIOdemodFSK(int findone, int *high, int *low, int ledcontrol)
 
                WDT_HIT();
        }
 
                WDT_HIT();
        }

+       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);

        DbpString("Stopped");
        if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();
 }
 
 /*------------------------------
        DbpString("Stopped");
        if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();
 }
 
 /*------------------------------

- * T5555/T5557/T5567 routines
+ * T5555/T5557/T5567/T5577 routines

  *------------------------------
  *------------------------------

- */
-
-/* T55x7 configuration register definitions */
-#define T55x7_POR_DELAY                        0x00000001
-#define T55x7_ST_TERMINATOR            0x00000008
-#define T55x7_PWD                      0x00000010
-#define T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT           5
-#define T55x7_AOR                      0x00000200
-#define T55x7_PSKCF_RF_2               0
-#define T55x7_PSKCF_RF_4               0x00000400
-#define T55x7_PSKCF_RF_8               0x00000800
-#define T55x7_MODULATION_DIRECT                0
-#define T55x7_MODULATION_PSK1          0x00001000
-#define T55x7_MODULATION_PSK2          0x00002000
-#define T55x7_MODULATION_PSK3          0x00003000
-#define T55x7_MODULATION_FSK1          0x00004000
-#define T55x7_MODULATION_FSK2          0x00005000
-#define T55x7_MODULATION_FSK1a         0x00006000
-#define T55x7_MODULATION_FSK2a         0x00007000
-#define T55x7_MODULATION_MANCHESTER    0x00008000
-#define T55x7_MODULATION_BIPHASE       0x00010000
-#define T55x7_BITRATE_RF_8             0
-#define T55x7_BITRATE_RF_16            0x00040000
-#define T55x7_BITRATE_RF_32            0x00080000
-#define T55x7_BITRATE_RF_40            0x000C0000
-#define T55x7_BITRATE_RF_50            0x00100000
-#define T55x7_BITRATE_RF_64            0x00140000
-#define T55x7_BITRATE_RF_100           0x00180000
-#define T55x7_BITRATE_RF_128           0x001C0000
-
-/* T5555 (Q5) configuration register definitions */
-#define T5555_ST_TERMINATOR            0x00000001
-#define T5555_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT           0x00000001
-#define T5555_MODULATION_MANCHESTER    0
-#define T5555_MODULATION_PSK1          0x00000010
-#define T5555_MODULATION_PSK2          0x00000020
-#define T5555_MODULATION_PSK3          0x00000030
-#define T5555_MODULATION_FSK1          0x00000040
-#define T5555_MODULATION_FSK2          0x00000050
-#define T5555_MODULATION_BIPHASE       0x00000060
-#define T5555_MODULATION_DIRECT                0x00000070
-#define T5555_INVERT_OUTPUT            0x00000080
-#define T5555_PSK_RF_2                 0
-#define T5555_PSK_RF_4                 0x00000100
-#define T5555_PSK_RF_8                 0x00000200
-#define T5555_USE_PWD                  0x00000400
-#define T5555_USE_AOR                  0x00000800
-#define T5555_BITRATE_SHIFT            12
-#define T5555_FAST_WRITE               0x00004000
-#define T5555_PAGE_SELECT              0x00008000
-
-/*
- * Relevant times in microsecond
+ * NOTE: T55x7/T5555 configuration register definitions moved to protocols.h
+ *
+ * Relevant communication times in microsecond

  * To compensate antenna falling times shorten the write times
  * and enlarge the gap ones.
  * To compensate antenna falling times shorten the write times
  * and enlarge the gap ones.

+ * Q5 tags seems to have issues when these values changes. 

  */
  */

-#define START_GAP 50*8 // 10 - 50fc 250
-#define WRITE_GAP 20*8 //    - 30fc 160
-#define WRITE_0   24*8 // 16 - 63fc 54fc 144
-#define WRITE_1   54*8 // 48 - 63fc 54fc 432 for T55x7; 448 for E5550 //400

 
 

-#define T55xx_SAMPLES_SIZE      12000 // 32 x 32 x 10  (32 bit times numofblock (7), times clock skip..)
+ /*
+ // Original Timings for reference
+//note startgap must be sent after tag has been powered up for more than 3ms (per T5557 ds)
+ 
+#define START_GAP 31*8 // was 250 // SPEC:  1*8 to 50*8 - typ 15*8 (or 15fc)
+#define WRITE_GAP 20*8 // was 160 // SPEC:  1*8 to 20*8 - typ 10*8 (or 10fc)
+#define WRITE_0   18*8 // was 144 // SPEC: 16*8 to 32*8 - typ 24*8 (or 24fc)
+#define WRITE_1   50*8 // was 400 // SPEC: 48*8 to 64*8 - typ 56*8 (or 56fc)  432 for T55x7; 448 for E5550
+#define READ_GAP  15*8 

 
 

-// Write one bit to card
-void T55xxWriteBit(int bit)
-{
-       FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF);
-       FpgaSendCommand(FPGA_CMD_SET_DIVISOR, 95); //125Khz
+*/
+/* Q5 timing datasheet:
+ * Type                  |  MIN   | Typical |  Max   |
+ * Start_Gap             |  10*8  |    ?    |  50*8  |
+ * Write_Gap Normal mode |   8*8  |   14*8  |  20*8  | 
+ * Write_Gap Fast Mode   |   8*8  |    ?    |  20*8  |
+ * Write_0   Normal mode |  16*8  |   24*8  |  32*8  |
+ * Write_1   Normal mode |  48*8  |   56*8  |  64*8  |
+ * Write_0   Fast Mode   |   8*8  |   12*8  |  16*8  |
+ * Write_1   Fast Mode   |  24*8  |   28*8  |  32*8  |
+*/
+
+/* T5557 timing datasheet:
+ * Type                  |  MIN   | Typical |  Max   |
+ * Start_Gap             |  10*8  |    ?    |  50*8  |
+ * Write_Gap Normal mode |   8*8  |50-150us |  30*8  | 
+ * Write_Gap Fast Mode   |   8*8  |    ?    |  20*8  |
+ * Write_0   Normal mode |  16*8  |   24*8  |  31*8  | 
+ * Write_1   Normal mode |  48*8  |   54*8  |  63*8  | 
+ * Write_0   Fast Mode   |   8*8  |   12*8  |  15*8  |
+ * Write_1   Fast Mode   |  24*8  |   28*8  |  31*8  |
+*/
+
+/* T5577C timing datasheet for Fixed-Bit-Length protocol (defualt):
+ * Type                  |  MIN   | Typical |  Max   |
+ * Start_Gap             |   8*8  |   15*8  |  50*8  |
+ * Write_Gap Normal mode |   8*8  |   10*8  |  20*8  | 
+ * Write_Gap Fast Mode   |   8*8  |   10*8  |  20*8  |
+ * Write_0   Normal mode |  16*8  |   24*8  |  32*8  | 
+ * Write_1   Normal mode |  48*8  |   56*8  |  64*8  | 
+ * Write_0   Fast Mode   |   8*8  |   12*8  |  16*8  |
+ * Write_1   Fast Mode   |  24*8  |   28*8  |  32*8  |
+*/
+
+// Structure to hold Timing values.  In future will be simplier to add user changable timings.
+typedef struct  {
+       uint16_t  START_GAP;
+       uint16_t  WRITE_GAP;
+       uint16_t  WRITE_0;
+       uint16_t  WRITE_1;
+       uint16_t  WRITE_2;
+       uint16_t  WRITE_3;
+       uint16_t  READ_GAP;
+} T55xx_Timing;
+
+// Set Initial/Default Values.  Note: *8 can occure when used.  This should keep things simplier here.
+T55xx_Timing T55xx_Timing_FixedBit = { 31 * 8   , 20 * 8   , 18 * 8 , 50 * 8 , 0      , 0      , 15 * 8   };
+T55xx_Timing T55xx_Timing_LLR      = { 31 * 8   , 20 * 8   , 18 * 8 , 50 * 8 , 0      , 0      , 15 * 8   };
+T55xx_Timing T55xx_Timing_Leading0 = { 31 * 8   , 20 * 8   , 18 * 8 , 40 * 8 , 0      , 0      , 15 * 8   };
+T55xx_Timing T55xx_Timing_1of4     = { 31 * 8   , 20 * 8   , 18 * 8 , 34 * 8 , 50 * 8 , 66 * 8 , 15 * 8   };
+
+// Some defines for readability
+#define T55xx_DLMode_Fixed         0 // Default Mode
+#define T55xx_DLMode_LLR           1 // Long Leading Reference
+#define T55xx_DLMode_Leading0      2 // Leading Zero
+#define T55xx_DLMode_1of4          3 // 1 of 4
+#define T55xx_LongLeadingReference 4 // Value to tell Write Bit to send long reference
+// Macro for code readability
+#define BitStream_Byte(X) ((X) >> 3)
+#define BitStream_Bit(X)  ((X) &  7)  
+
+
+void TurnReadLFOn(int delay) {

        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);

-       if (bit == 0)
-               SpinDelayUs(WRITE_0);
-       else
-               SpinDelayUs(WRITE_1);
+       // Give it a bit of time for the resonant antenna to settle.
+       WaitUS(delay); //155*8 //50*8
+}
+
+// Write one bit to card
+void T55xxWriteBit(int bit, T55xx_Timing *Timings) {
+
+       // If bit = 4 Send Long Leading Reference which is 138 + WRITE_0        
+       // Dbprintf ("Bits : %d",bit);
+       switch (bit){
+               case 0 : TurnReadLFOn(Timings->WRITE_0);             break; // Send bit  0/00
+               case 1 : TurnReadLFOn(Timings->WRITE_1);             break; // Send bit  1/01
+               case 2 : TurnReadLFOn(Timings->WRITE_2);             break; // Send bits   10
+               case 3 : TurnReadLFOn(Timings->WRITE_3);             break; // Send bits   11
+               case 4 : TurnReadLFOn(Timings->WRITE_0 + (136 * 8)); break; // Send Long Leading Reference
+       }

        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);

-       SpinDelayUs(WRITE_GAP);
+       WaitUS(Timings->WRITE_GAP);

 }
 
 }
 

-// Write one card block in page 0, no lock
-void T55xxWriteBlock(uint32_t Data, uint32_t Block, uint32_t Pwd, uint8_t PwdMode)
+// Function to abstract an Arbitrary length byte array to store bit pattern.
+// bit_array    - Array to hold data/bit pattern
+// start_offset - bit location to start storing new bits.
+// data         - upto 32 bits of data to store
+// num_bits     - how many bits (low x bits of data)  Max 32 bits at a time
+// max_len         - how many bytes can the bit_array hold (ensure no buffer overflow)
+// returns "Next" bit offset / bits stored (for next store)
+//int T55xx_SetBits (uint8_t *bit_array, int start_offset, uint32_t data      , int num_bits, int max_len)
+int T55xx_SetBits (uint8_t *BitStream, uint8_t start_offset, uint32_t data , uint8_t num_bits, uint8_t max_len)

 {
 {

-       uint32_t i = 0;
+       int8_t offset;
+       int8_t NextOffset = start_offset;

 
 

-       // Set up FPGA, 125kHz
-       // Wait for config.. (192+8190xPOW)x8 == 67ms
-       LFSetupFPGAForADC(0, true);
+       // Check if data will fit.
+       if ((start_offset + num_bits) <= (max_len*8)) {
+               // Loop through the data and store
+               for (offset = (num_bits-1); offset >= 0; offset--) {

 
 

-       // Now start writting
-       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
-       SpinDelayUs(START_GAP);
-
-       // Opcode
-       T55xxWriteBit(1);
-       T55xxWriteBit(0); //Page 0
-       if (PwdMode == 1){
-               // Pwd
-               for (i = 0x80000000; i != 0; i >>= 1)
-                       T55xxWriteBit(Pwd & i);
+                       if ((data >> offset) & 1)  BitStream[BitStream_Byte(NextOffset)] |= (1         << BitStream_Bit(NextOffset));     // Set the bit to 1
+                       else                       BitStream[BitStream_Byte(NextOffset)] &= (0xff ^ (1 << BitStream_Bit(NextOffset)));    // Set the bit to 0
+
+                       NextOffset++;
+               }

        }
        }

-       // Lock bit
-       T55xxWriteBit(0);
+       else {
+               // Note: This should never happen unless some code changes cause it.  
+               // So short message for coders when testing.
+               Dbprintf ("T55 too many bits"); 
+       }
+       return NextOffset;
+}

 
 

-       // Data
-       for (i = 0x80000000; i != 0; i >>= 1)
-               T55xxWriteBit(Data & i);
+// Send one downlink command to the card 
+void T55xx_SendCMD (uint32_t Data, uint32_t Block, uint32_t Pwd, uint8_t arg) { 

 
 

-       // Block
-       for (i = 0x04; i != 0; i >>= 1)
-               T55xxWriteBit(Block & i);
+       /*
+               arg bits
+               xxxxxxx1 0x01 PwdMode
+               xxxxxx1x 0x02 Page
+               xxxxx1xx 0x04 testMode
+               xxx11xxx 0x18 downlink mode
+               xx1xxxxx 0x20 !reg_readmode
+               x1xxxxxx 0x40 called for a read, so no data packet
+               1xxxxxxx 0x80 reset

 
 

-       // Now perform write (nominal is 5.6 ms for T55x7 and 18ms for E5550,
-       // so wait a little more)
-       FpgaSendCommand(FPGA_CMD_SET_DIVISOR, 95); //125Khz
-       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);
-       SpinDelay(20);
-       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
-}
+       */
+       bool PwdMode      = ((arg & 0x01) == 0x01);
+       bool Page         =  (arg & 0x02);
+       bool testMode     = ((arg & 0x04) == 0x04);
+       uint8_t downlink_mode = (arg >> 3) & 0x03;
+       bool reg_readmode = ((arg & 0x20) == 0x20);
+       bool read_cmd     = ((arg & 0x40) == 0x40);
+       bool reset        =  (arg & 0x80);
+
+       uint8_t i = 0;
+       uint8_t BitStream[10];  // Max Downlink Command size ~74 bits, so 10 bytes (80 bits)
+       uint8_t BitStreamLen;
+       T55xx_Timing *Timing;
+       uint8_t SendBits;
+
+       // Assigning Downlink Timeing for write
+       switch (downlink_mode)
+       {
+               case T55xx_DLMode_Fixed    : Timing = &T55xx_Timing_FixedBit;  break; 
+               case T55xx_DLMode_LLR      : Timing = &T55xx_Timing_LLR;       break;
+               case T55xx_DLMode_Leading0 : Timing = &T55xx_Timing_Leading0;  break;
+               case T55xx_DLMode_1of4     : Timing = &T55xx_Timing_1of4;      break;
+               default:
+                               Timing = &T55xx_Timing_FixedBit;
+       }

 
 

-void TurnReadLFOn(){
-       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);
-       // Give it a bit of time for the resonant antenna to settle.
-       SpinDelayUs(8*150);
-}
+       // Build Bit Stream to send.
+       memset (BitStream,0x00,sizeof(BitStream));
+       
+       BitStreamLen = 0; // Ensure 0 bit index to start.
+       
+       // Add Leading 0 and 1 of 4 reference bit
+       if ((downlink_mode == T55xx_DLMode_Leading0) || (downlink_mode == T55xx_DLMode_1of4))
+               BitStreamLen = T55xx_SetBits (BitStream, BitStreamLen, 0, 1,sizeof(BitStream)); 
+
+       // Add extra reference 0 for 1 of 4
+       if (downlink_mode == T55xx_DLMode_1of4)
+               BitStreamLen = T55xx_SetBits (BitStream, BitStreamLen, 0, 1,sizeof(BitStream)); 
+
+       // Add Opcode 
+       if (reset) {
+               //  Reset : r*) 00
+               BitStreamLen = T55xx_SetBits (BitStream, BitStreamLen, 0, 2,sizeof(BitStream)); 
+       }
+       else
+       {
+               if (testMode) Dbprintf("TestMODE");
+               BitStreamLen = T55xx_SetBits (BitStream, BitStreamLen,testMode ? 0 : 1    , 1,sizeof(BitStream));
+               BitStreamLen = T55xx_SetBits (BitStream, BitStreamLen,testMode ? 1 : Page , 1,sizeof(BitStream));
+
+               if (PwdMode) {
+                       // Leading 0 and 1 of 4 00 fixed bits if passsword used         
+                       if ((downlink_mode == T55xx_DLMode_Leading0) || (downlink_mode == T55xx_DLMode_1of4)) {
+                               BitStreamLen = T55xx_SetBits (BitStream, BitStreamLen, 0, 2,sizeof(BitStream));
+                       }
+                       BitStreamLen = T55xx_SetBits (BitStream, BitStreamLen, Pwd, 32,sizeof(BitStream));
+               }

 
 

+               // Add Lock bit 0
+               if (!reg_readmode) BitStreamLen = T55xx_SetBits (BitStream, BitStreamLen, 0, 1,sizeof(BitStream));

 
 

-// Read one card block in page 0
-void T55xxReadBlock(uint32_t Block, uint32_t Pwd, uint8_t PwdMode)
-{
-       uint32_t i = 0;
-       uint8_t *dest = BigBuf_get_addr();
-       uint16_t bufferlength = BigBuf_max_traceLen();
-       if ( bufferlength > T55xx_SAMPLES_SIZE )
-               bufferlength = T55xx_SAMPLES_SIZE;
+               // Add Data if a write command
+               if (!read_cmd)  BitStreamLen = T55xx_SetBits (BitStream, BitStreamLen, Data, 32,sizeof(BitStream));

 
 

-       // Clear destination buffer before sending the command
-       memset(dest, 0x80, bufferlength);
+               // Add Address
+               if (!reg_readmode) BitStreamLen = T55xx_SetBits (BitStream, BitStreamLen, Block, 3,sizeof(BitStream));
+       }

 
 

+       // Send Bits to T55xx

        // Set up FPGA, 125kHz
        // Set up FPGA, 125kHz

-       // Wait for config.. (192+8190xPOW)x8 == 67ms
-       LFSetupFPGAForADC(0, true);
+       LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);
+       StartTicks();
+       // make sure tag is fully powered up...
+       WaitMS(5);
+       // Trigger T55x7 in mode.

        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);

-       SpinDelayUs(START_GAP);
-
-       // Opcode
-       T55xxWriteBit(1);
-       T55xxWriteBit(0); //Page 0
-       if (PwdMode == 1){
-               // Pwd
-               for (i = 0x80000000; i != 0; i >>= 1)
-                       T55xxWriteBit(Pwd & i);
-       }
-       // Lock bit
-       T55xxWriteBit(0);
-       // Block
-       for (i = 0x04; i != 0; i >>= 1)
-               T55xxWriteBit(Block & i);
+       WaitUS(Timing->START_GAP);

 
 

-       // Turn field on to read the response
-       TurnReadLFOn();
-       // Now do the acquisition
-       i = 0;
-       for(;;) {
-               if (AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & AT91C_SSC_TXRDY) {
-                       AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = 0x43;
-                       LED_D_ON();
+       // If long leading 0 send long reference pulse
+       if (downlink_mode ==  T55xx_DLMode_LLR) 
+               T55xxWriteBit (T55xx_LongLeadingReference,Timing); // Send Long Leading Start Reference
+
+       if ((downlink_mode ==  T55xx_DLMode_1of4) && (BitStreamLen > 0)) { // 1 of 4 need to send 2 bits at a time
+               for ( i = 0; i < BitStreamLen-1; i+=2 ) {
+                       SendBits  = (BitStream[BitStream_Byte(i  )] >> (BitStream_Bit(i  )) & 1) << 1;   // Bit i
+                       SendBits += (BitStream[BitStream_Byte(i+1)] >> (BitStream_Bit(i+1)) & 1);        // Bit i+1;
+                       T55xxWriteBit (SendBits & 3,Timing);

                }
                }

-               if (AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & AT91C_SSC_RXRDY) {
-                       dest[i] = (uint8_t)AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR;
-                       i++;
-                       LED_D_OFF();
-                       if (i >= bufferlength) break;
+       }
+       else {
+               for (i = 0; i < BitStreamLen; i++) {
+                       SendBits = (BitStream[BitStream_Byte(i)] >> BitStream_Bit(i));
+                       T55xxWriteBit (SendBits & 1,Timing);

                }
        }
                }
        }

+}

 
 

-       cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,0,0,0,0);    
+// Send T5577 reset command then read stream (see if we can identify the start of the stream)
+void T55xxResetRead(void) {
+       LED_A_ON();
+
+       //  send  r* 00 
+       uint8_t arg = 0x80;  // SendCMD will add correct reference mode based on flags (when added).
+
+       // Add in downlink_mode when ready
+       //    arg |= 0x00;  // dlmode << 3  (00 default - 08 leading 0 - 10 Fixed - 18 1 of 4 )
+
+       //clear buffer now so it does not interfere with timing later
+       BigBuf_Clear_keep_EM();
+
+       T55xx_SendCMD (0, 0, 0, arg); //, true);
+
+       TurnReadLFOn(T55xx_Timing_FixedBit.READ_GAP);
+
+       // Acquisition
+       DoPartialAcquisition(0, true, BigBuf_max_traceLen(), 0);
+
+       // Turn the field off

        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off

-       LED_D_OFF();
+       cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,0,0,0,0);    
+       LED_A_OFF();

 }
 
 }
 

-// Read card traceability data (page 1)
-void T55xxReadTrace(void){
+// Write one card block in page 0, no lock
+void T55xxWriteBlock(uint32_t Data, uint32_t Block, uint32_t Pwd, uint8_t arg) {
+       /*
+               arg bits
+               xxxxxxx1 0x01 PwdMode
+               xxxxxx1x 0x02 Page
+               xxxxx1xx 0x04 testMode
+               xxx11xxx 0x18 downlink mode
+               xx1xxxxx 0x20 !reg_readmode
+               x1xxxxxx 0x40 called for a read, so no data packet
+               1xxxxxxx 0x80 reset
+       */

        
        

-       uint32_t i = 0;
-       uint8_t *dest = BigBuf_get_addr();
-       uint16_t bufferlength = BigBuf_max_traceLen();
-       if ( bufferlength > T55xx_SAMPLES_SIZE )
-               bufferlength= T55xx_SAMPLES_SIZE;
+       bool testMode = ((arg & 0x04) == 0x04);
+       arg &= (0xff ^ 0x40); // Called for a write, so ensure it is clear/0
+       
+       LED_A_ON ();
+       T55xx_SendCMD (Data, Block, Pwd, arg) ;//, false); 

 
 

-       // Clear destination buffer before sending the command
-       memset(dest, 0x80, bufferlength);
+       // Perform write (nominal is 5.6 ms for T55x7 and 18ms for E5550,
+       // so wait a little more)
+
+       // "there is a clock delay before programming" 
+       //  - programming takes ~5.6ms for t5577 ~18ms for E5550 or t5567
+       //  so we should wait 1 clock + 5.6ms then read response? 
+       //  but we need to know we are dealing with t5577 vs t5567 vs e5550 (or q5) marshmellow...
+       if (testMode) {
+               //TESTMODE TIMING TESTS: 
+               // <566us does nothing 
+               // 566-568 switches between wiping to 0s and doing nothing
+               // 5184 wipes and allows 1 block to be programmed.
+               // indefinite power on wipes and then programs all blocks with bitshifted data sent.
+               TurnReadLFOn(5184); 

 
 

-       LFSetupFPGAForADC(0, true);
+       } else {
+               TurnReadLFOn(20 * 1000);
+               //could attempt to do a read to confirm write took
+               // as the tag should repeat back the new block 
+               // until it is reset, but to confirm it we would 
+               // need to know the current block 0 config mode for
+               // modulation clock an other details to demod the response...
+               // response should be (for t55x7) a 0 bit then (ST if on) 
+               // block data written in on repeat until reset. 
+
+               //DoPartialAcquisition(20, true, 12000);
+       }
+       // turn field off

        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);

-       SpinDelayUs(START_GAP);

 
 

-       // Opcode
-       T55xxWriteBit(1);
-       T55xxWriteBit(1); //Page 1
+       cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,0,0,0,0);
+
+       LED_A_OFF ();
+}
+
+// Read one card block in page [page]
+void T55xxReadBlock (uint16_t arg0, uint8_t Block, uint32_t Pwd) {//, struct T55xx_Timing *Timing) {
+
+       LED_A_ON();
+
+       /*
+               arg bits
+               xxxxxxx1 0x01 PwdMode
+               xxxxxx1x 0x02 Page
+               xxxxx1xx 0x04 testMode
+               xxx11xxx 0x18 downlink mode
+               xx1xxxxx 0x20 !reg_readmode
+               x1xxxxxx 0x40 called for a read, so no data packet
+               1xxxxxxx 0x80 reset
+       */
+
+       // Set Read Flag to ensure SendCMD does not add "data" to the packet
+       arg0 |= 0x40;
+
+       // RegRead Mode true of block 0xff
+       if (Block == 0xff) arg0 |= 0x20;
+       
+       //make sure block is at max 7
+       Block &= 0x7;
+
+       //clear buffer now so it does not interfere with timing later
+       BigBuf_Clear_ext(false);
+
+       T55xx_SendCMD (0, Block, Pwd, arg0); //, true);

 
        // Turn field on to read the response
 
        // Turn field on to read the response

-       TurnReadLFOn();
+       // 137*8 seems to get to the start of data pretty well... 
+       //  but we want to go past the start and let the repeating data settle in...
+       TurnReadLFOn(210*8); 

 
 

+       // Acquisition

        // Now do the acquisition
        // Now do the acquisition

-       for(;;) {
-               if (AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & AT91C_SSC_TXRDY) {
-                       AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = 0x43;
-                       LED_D_ON();
-               }
-               if (AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & AT91C_SSC_RXRDY) {
-                       dest[i] = (uint8_t)AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR;
-                       i++;
-                       LED_D_OFF();
-
-                       if (i >= bufferlength) break;
-               }
-       }
+       DoPartialAcquisition(0, true, 12000, 0);

 
 

-       cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,0,0,0,0);
+       // Turn the field off

        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off

-       LED_D_OFF();
+       cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,0,0,0,0);    
+
+       LED_A_OFF();
+}
+
+void T55xxWakeUp(uint32_t Pwd){
+       LED_B_ON();
+       /*
+               arg bits
+               xxxxxxx1 0x01 PwdMode
+               xxxxxx1x 0x02 Page
+               xxxxx1xx 0x04 testMode
+               xxx11xxx 0x18 downlink mode
+               xx1xxxxx 0x20 !reg_readmode 
+               x1xxxxxx 0x40 called for a read, so no data packet
+               1xxxxxxx 0x80 reset
+       */
+
+       // r* 10 (00) <pwd>   r* for llr , L0 and 1/4 - (00) for L0 and 1/4 - All handled in SendCMD
+       // So, default Opcode 10 and pwd.
+       uint8_t arg = 0x01 | 0x40 | 0x20; //Password Read Call no data | reg_read no block
+
+       // Add in downlink_mode when ready
+       //    arg |= 0x00;  // dlmode << 3  (00 default - 08 leading 0 - 10 Fixed - 18 1 of 4 )
+
+       T55xx_SendCMD (0, 0, Pwd, arg); //, true);
+
+       // Turn and leave field on to let the begin repeating transmission
+       TurnReadLFOn(20*1000);

 }
 
 /*-------------- Cloning routines -----------*/
 }
 
 /*-------------- Cloning routines -----------*/

-// Copy HID id to card and setup block 0 config
-void CopyHIDtoT55x7(uint32_t hi2, uint32_t hi, uint32_t lo, uint8_t longFMT)
-{
-       int data1=0, data2=0, data3=0, data4=0, data5=0, data6=0; //up to six blocks for long format
-       int last_block = 0;

 
 

-       if (longFMT){
+void WriteT55xx(uint32_t *blockdata, uint8_t startblock, uint8_t numblocks) {
+       // write last block first and config block last (if included)
+       for (uint8_t i = numblocks+startblock; i > startblock; i--) {
+               T55xxWriteBlock(blockdata[i-1],i-1,0,0);//,false); //,&T55xx_Timing_FixedBit);
+               //T55xx_SendCMD (blockdata[i-1],i-1,0,0);//,false); //,&T55xx_Timing_FixedBit);
+       }
+}
+
+// Copy a HID-like card (e.g. HID Proximity, Paradox) to a T55x7 compatible card
+void CopyHIDtoT55x7(uint32_t hi2, uint32_t hi, uint32_t lo, uint8_t longFMT, uint8_t preamble) {
+       uint32_t data[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
+       uint8_t last_block = 0;
+
+       if (longFMT) {

                // Ensure no more than 84 bits supplied
                if (hi2>0xFFFFF) {
                        DbpString("Tags can only have 84 bits.");
                // Ensure no more than 84 bits supplied
                if (hi2>0xFFFFF) {
                        DbpString("Tags can only have 84 bits.");


@@ -1204,140 +1610,100 @@ void CopyHIDtoT55x7(uint32_t hi2, uint32_t hi, uint32_t lo, uint8_t longFMT)
                }
                // Build the 6 data blocks for supplied 84bit ID
                last_block = 6;
                }
                // Build the 6 data blocks for supplied 84bit ID
                last_block = 6;

-               data1 = 0x1D96A900; // load preamble (1D) & long format identifier (9E manchester encoded)
-               for (int i=0;i<4;i++) {
-                       if (hi2 & (1<<(19-i)))
-                               data1 |= (1<<(((3-i)*2)+1)); // 1 -> 10
-                       else
-                               data1 |= (1<<((3-i)*2)); // 0 -> 01
-               }
-
-               data2 = 0;
-               for (int i=0;i<16;i++) {
-                       if (hi2 & (1<<(15-i)))
-                               data2 |= (1<<(((15-i)*2)+1)); // 1 -> 10
-                       else
-                               data2 |= (1<<((15-i)*2)); // 0 -> 01
-               }
-
-               data3 = 0;
-               for (int i=0;i<16;i++) {
-                       if (hi & (1<<(31-i)))
-                               data3 |= (1<<(((15-i)*2)+1)); // 1 -> 10
-                       else
-                               data3 |= (1<<((15-i)*2)); // 0 -> 01
-               }
-
-               data4 = 0;
-               for (int i=0;i<16;i++) {
-                       if (hi & (1<<(15-i)))
-                               data4 |= (1<<(((15-i)*2)+1)); // 1 -> 10
-                       else
-                               data4 |= (1<<((15-i)*2)); // 0 -> 01
-               }
-
-               data5 = 0;
-               for (int i=0;i<16;i++) {
-                       if (lo & (1<<(31-i)))
-                               data5 |= (1<<(((15-i)*2)+1)); // 1 -> 10
-                       else
-                               data5 |= (1<<((15-i)*2)); // 0 -> 01
-               }
-
-               data6 = 0;
-               for (int i=0;i<16;i++) {
-                       if (lo & (1<<(15-i)))
-                               data6 |= (1<<(((15-i)*2)+1)); // 1 -> 10
-                       else
-                               data6 |= (1<<((15-i)*2)); // 0 -> 01
-               }
-       }
-       else {
+               // load preamble & long format identifier (9E manchester encoded)
+               data[1] = (preamble << 24) | 0x96A900 | (manchesterEncode2Bytes((hi2 >> 16) & 0xF) & 0xFF);
+               // load raw id from hi2, hi, lo to data blocks (manchester encoded)
+               data[2] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(hi2 & 0xFFFF);
+               data[3] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(hi >> 16);
+               data[4] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(hi & 0xFFFF);
+               data[5] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(lo >> 16);
+               data[6] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(lo & 0xFFFF);
+       } else {

                // Ensure no more than 44 bits supplied
                if (hi>0xFFF) {
                        DbpString("Tags can only have 44 bits.");
                        return;
                }
                // Ensure no more than 44 bits supplied
                if (hi>0xFFF) {
                        DbpString("Tags can only have 44 bits.");
                        return;
                }

-

                // Build the 3 data blocks for supplied 44bit ID
                last_block = 3;
                // Build the 3 data blocks for supplied 44bit ID
                last_block = 3;

-
-               data1 = 0x1D000000; // load preamble
-
-               for (int i=0;i<12;i++) {
-                       if (hi & (1<<(11-i)))
-                               data1 |= (1<<(((11-i)*2)+1)); // 1 -> 10
-                       else
-                               data1 |= (1<<((11-i)*2)); // 0 -> 01
-               }
-
-               data2 = 0;
-               for (int i=0;i<16;i++) {
-                       if (lo & (1<<(31-i)))
-                               data2 |= (1<<(((15-i)*2)+1)); // 1 -> 10
-                       else
-                               data2 |= (1<<((15-i)*2)); // 0 -> 01
-               }
-
-               data3 = 0;
-               for (int i=0;i<16;i++) {
-                       if (lo & (1<<(15-i)))
-                               data3 |= (1<<(((15-i)*2)+1)); // 1 -> 10
-                       else
-                               data3 |= (1<<((15-i)*2)); // 0 -> 01
-               }
+               // load preamble
+               data[1] = (preamble << 24) | (manchesterEncode2Bytes(hi) & 0xFFFFFF);
+               data[2] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(lo >> 16);
+               data[3] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(lo & 0xFFFF);

        }
        }

+       // load chip config block
+       data[0] = T55x7_BITRATE_RF_50 | T55x7_MODULATION_FSK2a | last_block << T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT;
+
+       //TODO add selection of chip for Q5 or T55x7
+       // data[0] = (((50-2)/2)<<T5555_BITRATE_SHIFT) | T5555_MODULATION_FSK2 | T5555_INVERT_OUTPUT | last_block << T5555_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT;

 
        LED_D_ON();
        // Program the data blocks for supplied ID
        // and the block 0 for HID format
 
        LED_D_ON();
        // Program the data blocks for supplied ID
        // and the block 0 for HID format

-       T55xxWriteBlock(data1,1,0,0);
-       T55xxWriteBlock(data2,2,0,0);
-       T55xxWriteBlock(data3,3,0,0);
-
-       if (longFMT) { // if long format there are 6 blocks
-               T55xxWriteBlock(data4,4,0,0);
-               T55xxWriteBlock(data5,5,0,0);
-               T55xxWriteBlock(data6,6,0,0);
-       }
-
-       // Config for HID (RF/50, FSK2a, Maxblock=3 for short/6 for long)
-       T55xxWriteBlock(T55x7_BITRATE_RF_50    |
-                                       T55x7_MODULATION_FSK2a |
-                                       last_block << T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT,
-                                       0,0,0);
+       WriteT55xx(data, 0, last_block+1);

 
        LED_D_OFF();
 
        DbpString("DONE!");
 }
 
 
        LED_D_OFF();
 
        DbpString("DONE!");
 }
 

-void CopyIOtoT55x7(uint32_t hi, uint32_t lo, uint8_t longFMT)
-{
-       int data1=0, data2=0; //up to six blocks for long format
-
-       data1 = hi;  // load preamble
-       data2 = lo;
+void CopyIOtoT55x7(uint32_t hi, uint32_t lo) {
+       uint32_t data[] = {T55x7_BITRATE_RF_64 | T55x7_MODULATION_FSK2a | (2 << T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT), hi, lo};
+       //TODO add selection of chip for Q5 or T55x7
+       // data[0] = (((64-2)/2)<<T5555_BITRATE_SHIFT) | T5555_MODULATION_FSK2 | T5555_INVERT_OUTPUT | 2 << T5555_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT;

 
        LED_D_ON();
        // Program the data blocks for supplied ID
 
        LED_D_ON();
        // Program the data blocks for supplied ID

-       // and the block 0 for HID format
-       T55xxWriteBlock(data1,1,0,0);
-       T55xxWriteBlock(data2,2,0,0);
+       // and the block 0 config
+       WriteT55xx(data, 0, 3);

 
 

-       //Config Block
-       T55xxWriteBlock(0x00147040,0,0,0);

        LED_D_OFF();
 
        DbpString("DONE!");
 }
 
        LED_D_OFF();
 
        DbpString("DONE!");
 }
 

+// Clone Indala 64-bit tag by UID to T55x7
+void CopyIndala64toT55x7(uint32_t hi, uint32_t lo) {
+       //Program the 2 data blocks for supplied 64bit UID
+       // and the Config for Indala 64 format (RF/32;PSK1 with RF/2;Maxblock=2)
+       uint32_t data[] = { T55x7_BITRATE_RF_32 | T55x7_MODULATION_PSK1 | (2 << T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT), hi, lo};
+       //TODO add selection of chip for Q5 or T55x7
+       // data[0] = (((32-2)/2)<<T5555_BITRATE_SHIFT) | T5555_MODULATION_PSK1 | 2 << T5555_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT;
+
+       WriteT55xx(data, 0, 3);
+       //Alternative config for Indala (Extended mode;RF/32;PSK1 with RF/2;Maxblock=2;Inverse data)
+       //      T5567WriteBlock(0x603E1042,0);
+       DbpString("DONE!");
+}
+// Clone Indala 224-bit tag by UID to T55x7
+void CopyIndala224toT55x7(uint32_t uid1, uint32_t uid2, uint32_t uid3, uint32_t uid4, uint32_t uid5, uint32_t uid6, uint32_t uid7) {
+       //Program the 7 data blocks for supplied 224bit UID
+       uint32_t data[] = {0, uid1, uid2, uid3, uid4, uid5, uid6, uid7};
+       // and the block 0 for Indala224 format 
+       //Config for Indala (RF/32;PSK2 with RF/2;Maxblock=7)
+       data[0] = T55x7_BITRATE_RF_32 | T55x7_MODULATION_PSK2 | (7 << T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT);
+       //TODO add selection of chip for Q5 or T55x7
+       // data[0] = (((32-2)>>1)<<T5555_BITRATE_SHIFT) | T5555_MODULATION_PSK2 | 7 << T5555_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT;
+       WriteT55xx(data, 0, 8);
+       //Alternative config for Indala (Extended mode;RF/32;PSK1 with RF/2;Maxblock=7;Inverse data)
+       //      T5567WriteBlock(0x603E10E2,0);
+       DbpString("DONE!");
+}
+// clone viking tag to T55xx
+void CopyVikingtoT55xx(uint32_t block1, uint32_t block2, uint8_t Q5) {
+       uint32_t data[] = {T55x7_BITRATE_RF_32 | T55x7_MODULATION_MANCHESTER | (2 << T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT), block1, block2};
+       if (Q5) data[0] = T5555_SET_BITRATE(32) | T5555_MODULATION_MANCHESTER | 2 << T5555_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT;
+       // Program the data blocks for supplied ID and the block 0 config
+       WriteT55xx(data, 0, 3);
+       LED_D_OFF();
+       cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,0,0,0,0);
+}
+

 // Define 9bit header for EM410x tags
 // Define 9bit header for EM410x tags

-#define EM410X_HEADER          0x1FF
+#define EM410X_HEADER            0x1FF

 #define EM410X_ID_LENGTH       40
 
 #define EM410X_ID_LENGTH       40
 

-void WriteEM410x(uint32_t card, uint32_t id_hi, uint32_t id_lo)
-{
+void WriteEM410x(uint32_t card, uint32_t id_hi, uint32_t id_lo) {

        int i, id_bit;
        uint64_t id = EM410X_HEADER;
        uint64_t rev_id = 0;    // reversed ID
        int i, id_bit;
        uint64_t id = EM410X_HEADER;
        uint64_t rev_id = 0;    // reversed ID


@@ -1397,360 +1763,29 @@ void WriteEM410x(uint32_t card, uint32_t id_hi, uint32_t id_lo)
        LED_D_ON();
 
        // Write EM410x ID
        LED_D_ON();
 
        // Write EM410x ID

-       T55xxWriteBlock((uint32_t)(id >> 32), 1, 0, 0);
-       T55xxWriteBlock((uint32_t)id, 2, 0, 0);
-
-       // Config for EM410x (RF/64, Manchester, Maxblock=2)
-       if (card) {
-               // Clock rate is stored in bits 8-15 of the card value
-               clock = (card & 0xFF00) >> 8;
-               Dbprintf("Clock rate: %d", clock);
-               switch (clock)
-               {
-               case 32:
-                       clock = T55x7_BITRATE_RF_32;
-                       break;
-               case 16:
-                       clock = T55x7_BITRATE_RF_16;
-                       break;
-               case 0:
-                       // A value of 0 is assumed to be 64 for backwards-compatibility
-                       // Fall through...
-               case 64:
-                       clock = T55x7_BITRATE_RF_64;
-                       break;
-               default:
+       uint32_t data[] = {0, (uint32_t)(id>>32), (uint32_t)(id & 0xFFFFFFFF)};
+
+       clock = (card & 0xFF00) >> 8;
+       clock = (clock == 0) ? 64 : clock;
+       Dbprintf("Clock rate: %d", clock);
+       if (card & 0xFF) { //t55x7
+               clock = GetT55xxClockBit(clock);                        
+               if (clock == 0) {

                        Dbprintf("Invalid clock rate: %d", clock);
                        return;
                }
                        Dbprintf("Invalid clock rate: %d", clock);
                        return;
                }

-
-               // Writing configuration for T55x7 tag
-               T55xxWriteBlock(clock       |
-                                               T55x7_MODULATION_MANCHESTER |
-                                               2 << T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT,
-                                               0, 0, 0);
+               data[0] = clock | T55x7_MODULATION_MANCHESTER | (2 << T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT);
+       } else { //t5555 (Q5)
+               data[0] = T5555_SET_BITRATE(clock) | T5555_MODULATION_MANCHESTER | (2 << T5555_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT);

        }
        }

-       else
-               // Writing configuration for T5555(Q5) tag
-               T55xxWriteBlock(0x1F << T5555_BITRATE_SHIFT |
-                                               T5555_MODULATION_MANCHESTER |
-                                               2 << T5555_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT,
-                                               0, 0, 0);
+
+       WriteT55xx(data, 0, 3);

 
        LED_D_OFF();
        Dbprintf("Tag %s written with 0x%08x%08x\n", card ? "T55x7":"T5555",
                         (uint32_t)(id >> 32), (uint32_t)id);
 }
 
 
        LED_D_OFF();
        Dbprintf("Tag %s written with 0x%08x%08x\n", card ? "T55x7":"T5555",
                         (uint32_t)(id >> 32), (uint32_t)id);
 }
 

-// Clone Indala 64-bit tag by UID to T55x7
-void CopyIndala64toT55x7(int hi, int lo)
-{
-
-       //Program the 2 data blocks for supplied 64bit UID
-       // and the block 0 for Indala64 format
-       T55xxWriteBlock(hi,1,0,0);
-       T55xxWriteBlock(lo,2,0,0);
-       //Config for Indala (RF/32;PSK1 with RF/2;Maxblock=2)
-       T55xxWriteBlock(T55x7_BITRATE_RF_32    |
-                                       T55x7_MODULATION_PSK1 |
-                                       2 << T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT,
-                                       0, 0, 0);
-       //Alternative config for Indala (Extended mode;RF/32;PSK1 with RF/2;Maxblock=2;Inverse data)
-       //      T5567WriteBlock(0x603E1042,0);
-
-       DbpString("DONE!");
-
-}
-
-void CopyIndala224toT55x7(int uid1, int uid2, int uid3, int uid4, int uid5, int uid6, int uid7)
-{
-
-       //Program the 7 data blocks for supplied 224bit UID
-       // and the block 0 for Indala224 format
-       T55xxWriteBlock(uid1,1,0,0);
-       T55xxWriteBlock(uid2,2,0,0);
-       T55xxWriteBlock(uid3,3,0,0);
-       T55xxWriteBlock(uid4,4,0,0);
-       T55xxWriteBlock(uid5,5,0,0);
-       T55xxWriteBlock(uid6,6,0,0);
-       T55xxWriteBlock(uid7,7,0,0);
-       //Config for Indala (RF/32;PSK1 with RF/2;Maxblock=7)
-       T55xxWriteBlock(T55x7_BITRATE_RF_32    |
-                                       T55x7_MODULATION_PSK1 |
-                                       7 << T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT,
-                                       0,0,0);
-       //Alternative config for Indala (Extended mode;RF/32;PSK1 with RF/2;Maxblock=7;Inverse data)
-       //      T5567WriteBlock(0x603E10E2,0);
-
-       DbpString("DONE!");
-
-}
-
-
-#define abs(x) ( ((x)<0) ? -(x) : (x) )
-#define max(x,y) ( x<y ? y:x)
-
-int DemodPCF7931(uint8_t **outBlocks) {
-       uint8_t BitStream[256];
-       uint8_t Blocks[8][16];
-       uint8_t *GraphBuffer = BigBuf_get_addr();
-       int GraphTraceLen = BigBuf_max_traceLen();
-       int i, j, lastval, bitidx, half_switch;
-       int clock = 64;
-       int tolerance = clock / 8;
-       int pmc, block_done;
-       int lc, warnings = 0;
-       int num_blocks = 0;
-       int lmin=128, lmax=128;
-       uint8_t dir;
-
-       LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);
-       DoAcquisition_default(0, 0);
-
-
-       lmin = 64;
-       lmax = 192;
-
-       i = 2;
-
-       /* Find first local max/min */
-       if(GraphBuffer[1] > GraphBuffer[0]) {
-               while(i < GraphTraceLen) {
-                       if( !(GraphBuffer[i] > GraphBuffer[i-1]) && GraphBuffer[i] > lmax)
-                               break;
-                       i++;
-               }
-               dir = 0;
-       }
-       else {
-               while(i < GraphTraceLen) {
-                       if( !(GraphBuffer[i] < GraphBuffer[i-1]) && GraphBuffer[i] < lmin)
-                               break;
-                       i++;
-               }
-               dir = 1;
-       }
-
-       lastval = i++;
-       half_switch = 0;
-       pmc = 0;
-       block_done = 0;
-
-       for (bitidx = 0; i < GraphTraceLen; i++)
-       {
-               if ( (GraphBuffer[i-1] > GraphBuffer[i] && dir == 1 && GraphBuffer[i] > lmax) || (GraphBuffer[i-1] < GraphBuffer[i] && dir == 0 && GraphBuffer[i] < lmin))
-               {
-                       lc = i - lastval;
-                       lastval = i;
-
-                       // Switch depending on lc length:
-                       // Tolerance is 1/8 of clock rate (arbitrary)
-                       if (abs(lc-clock/4) < tolerance) {
-                               // 16T0
-                               if((i - pmc) == lc) { /* 16T0 was previous one */
-                                       /* It's a PMC ! */
-                                       i += (128+127+16+32+33+16)-1;
-                                       lastval = i;
-                                       pmc = 0;
-                                       block_done = 1;
-                               }
-                               else {
-                                       pmc = i;
-                               }
-                       } else if (abs(lc-clock/2) < tolerance) {
-                               // 32TO
-                               if((i - pmc) == lc) { /* 16T0 was previous one */
-                                       /* It's a PMC ! */
-                                       i += (128+127+16+32+33)-1;
-                                       lastval = i;
-                                       pmc = 0;
-                                       block_done = 1;
-                               }
-                               else if(half_switch == 1) {
-                                       BitStream[bitidx++] = 0;
-                                       half_switch = 0;
-                               }
-                               else
-                                       half_switch++;
-                       } else if (abs(lc-clock) < tolerance) {
-                               // 64TO
-                               BitStream[bitidx++] = 1;
-                       } else {
-                               // Error
-                               warnings++;
-                               if (warnings > 10)
-                               {
-                                       Dbprintf("Error: too many detection errors, aborting.");
-                                       return 0;
-                               }
-                       }
-
-                       if(block_done == 1) {
-                               if(bitidx == 128) {
-                                       for(j=0; j<16; j++) {
-                                               Blocks[num_blocks][j] = 128*BitStream[j*8+7]+
-                                                               64*BitStream[j*8+6]+
-                                                               32*BitStream[j*8+5]+
-                                                               16*BitStream[j*8+4]+
-                                                               8*BitStream[j*8+3]+
-                                                               4*BitStream[j*8+2]+
-                                                               2*BitStream[j*8+1]+
-                                                               BitStream[j*8];
-                                       }
-                                       num_blocks++;
-                               }
-                               bitidx = 0;
-                               block_done = 0;
-                               half_switch = 0;
-                       }
-                       if(i < GraphTraceLen)
-                       {
-                               if (GraphBuffer[i-1] > GraphBuffer[i]) dir=0;
-                               else dir = 1;
-                       }
-               }
-               if(bitidx==255)
-                       bitidx=0;
-               warnings = 0;
-               if(num_blocks == 4) break;
-       }
-       memcpy(outBlocks, Blocks, 16*num_blocks);
-       return num_blocks;
-}
-
-int IsBlock0PCF7931(uint8_t *Block) {
-       // Assume RFU means 0 :)
-       if((memcmp(Block, "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01", 8) == 0) && memcmp(Block+9, "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00", 7) == 0) // PAC enabled
-               return 1;
-       if((memcmp(Block+9, "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00", 7) == 0) && Block[7] == 0) // PAC disabled, can it *really* happen ?
-               return 1;
-       return 0;
-}
-
-int IsBlock1PCF7931(uint8_t *Block) {
-       // Assume RFU means 0 :)
-       if(Block[10] == 0 && Block[11] == 0 && Block[12] == 0 && Block[13] == 0)
-               if((Block[14] & 0x7f) <= 9 && Block[15] <= 9)
-                       return 1;
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-#define ALLOC 16
-
-void ReadPCF7931() {
-       uint8_t Blocks[8][17];
-       uint8_t tmpBlocks[4][16];
-       int i, j, ind, ind2, n;
-       int num_blocks = 0;
-       int max_blocks = 8;
-       int ident = 0;
-       int error = 0;
-       int tries = 0;
-
-       memset(Blocks, 0, 8*17*sizeof(uint8_t));
-
-       do {
-               memset(tmpBlocks, 0, 4*16*sizeof(uint8_t));
-               n = DemodPCF7931((uint8_t**)tmpBlocks);
-               if(!n)
-                       error++;
-               if(error==10 && num_blocks == 0) {
-                       Dbprintf("Error, no tag or bad tag");
-                       return;
-               }
-               else if (tries==20 || error==10) {
-                       Dbprintf("Error reading the tag");
-                       Dbprintf("Here is the partial content");
-                       goto end;
-               }
-
-               for(i=0; i<n; i++)
-                       Dbprintf("(dbg) %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x",
-                                        tmpBlocks[i][0], tmpBlocks[i][1], tmpBlocks[i][2], tmpBlocks[i][3], tmpBlocks[i][4], tmpBlocks[i][5], tmpBlocks[i][6], tmpBlocks[i][7],
-                                       tmpBlocks[i][8], tmpBlocks[i][9], tmpBlocks[i][10], tmpBlocks[i][11], tmpBlocks[i][12], tmpBlocks[i][13], tmpBlocks[i][14], tmpBlocks[i][15]);
-               if(!ident) {
-                       for(i=0; i<n; i++) {
-                               if(IsBlock0PCF7931(tmpBlocks[i])) {
-                                       // Found block 0 ?
-                                       if(i < n-1 && IsBlock1PCF7931(tmpBlocks[i+1])) {
-                                               // Found block 1!
-                                               // \o/
-                                               ident = 1;
-                                               memcpy(Blocks[0], tmpBlocks[i], 16);
-                                               Blocks[0][ALLOC] = 1;
-                                               memcpy(Blocks[1], tmpBlocks[i+1], 16);
-                                               Blocks[1][ALLOC] = 1;
-                                               max_blocks = max((Blocks[1][14] & 0x7f), Blocks[1][15]) + 1;
-                                               // Debug print
-                                               Dbprintf("(dbg) Max blocks: %d", max_blocks);
-                                               num_blocks = 2;
-                                               // Handle following blocks
-                                               for(j=i+2, ind2=2; j!=i; j++, ind2++, num_blocks++) {
-                                                       if(j==n) j=0;
-                                                       if(j==i) break;
-                                                       memcpy(Blocks[ind2], tmpBlocks[j], 16);
-                                                       Blocks[ind2][ALLOC] = 1;
-                                               }
-                                               break;
-                                       }
-                               }
-                       }
-               }
-               else {
-                       for(i=0; i<n; i++) { // Look for identical block in known blocks
-                               if(memcmp(tmpBlocks[i], "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00", 16)) { // Block is not full of 00
-                                       for(j=0; j<max_blocks; j++) {
-                                               if(Blocks[j][ALLOC] == 1 && !memcmp(tmpBlocks[i], Blocks[j], 16)) {
-                                                       // Found an identical block
-                                                       for(ind=i-1,ind2=j-1; ind >= 0; ind--,ind2--) {
-                                                               if(ind2 < 0)
-                                                                       ind2 = max_blocks;
-                                                               if(!Blocks[ind2][ALLOC]) { // Block ind2 not already found
-                                                                       // Dbprintf("Tmp %d -> Block %d", ind, ind2);
-                                                                       memcpy(Blocks[ind2], tmpBlocks[ind], 16);
-                                                                       Blocks[ind2][ALLOC] = 1;
-                                                                       num_blocks++;
-                                                                       if(num_blocks == max_blocks) goto end;
-                                                               }
-                                                       }
-                                                       for(ind=i+1,ind2=j+1; ind < n; ind++,ind2++) {
-                                                               if(ind2 > max_blocks)
-                                                                       ind2 = 0;
-                                                               if(!Blocks[ind2][ALLOC]) { // Block ind2 not already found
-                                                                       // Dbprintf("Tmp %d -> Block %d", ind, ind2);
-                                                                       memcpy(Blocks[ind2], tmpBlocks[ind], 16);
-                                                                       Blocks[ind2][ALLOC] = 1;
-                                                                       num_blocks++;
-                                                                       if(num_blocks == max_blocks) goto end;
-                                                               }
-                                                       }
-                                               }
-                                       }
-                               }
-                       }
-               }
-               tries++;
-               if (BUTTON_PRESS()) return;
-       } while (num_blocks != max_blocks);
- end:
-       Dbprintf("-----------------------------------------");
-       Dbprintf("Memory content:");
-       Dbprintf("-----------------------------------------");
-       for(i=0; i<max_blocks; i++) {
-               if(Blocks[i][ALLOC]==1)
-                       Dbprintf("%02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x",
-                                        Blocks[i][0], Blocks[i][1], Blocks[i][2], Blocks[i][3], Blocks[i][4], Blocks[i][5], Blocks[i][6], Blocks[i][7],
-                                       Blocks[i][8], Blocks[i][9], Blocks[i][10], Blocks[i][11], Blocks[i][12], Blocks[i][13], Blocks[i][14], Blocks[i][15]);
-               else
-                       Dbprintf("<missing block %d>", i);
-       }
-       Dbprintf("-----------------------------------------");
-
-       return ;
-}
-
-

 //-----------------------------------
 // EM4469 / EM4305 routines
 //-----------------------------------
 //-----------------------------------
 // EM4469 / EM4305 routines
 //-----------------------------------


@@ -1758,7 +1793,7 @@ void ReadPCF7931() {
 #define FWD_CMD_WRITE 0xA
 #define FWD_CMD_READ 0x9
 #define FWD_CMD_DISABLE 0x5
 #define FWD_CMD_WRITE 0xA
 #define FWD_CMD_READ 0x9
 #define FWD_CMD_DISABLE 0x5

-
+#define FWD_CMD_PROTECT 0x3

 
 uint8_t forwardLink_data[64]; //array of forwarded bits
 uint8_t * forward_ptr; //ptr for forward message preparation
 
 uint8_t forwardLink_data[64]; //array of forwarded bits
 uint8_t * forward_ptr; //ptr for forward message preparation


@@ -1770,8 +1805,15 @@ uint8_t * fwd_write_ptr; //forwardlink bit pointer
 // see EM4469 spec
 //====================================================================
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------
 // see EM4469 spec
 //====================================================================
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------

+//  VALUES TAKEN FROM EM4x function: SendForward
+//  START_GAP = 440;       (55*8) cycles at 125Khz (8us = 1cycle)
+//  WRITE_GAP = 128;       (16*8)
+//  WRITE_1   = 256 32*8;  (32*8) 
+
+//  These timings work for 4469/4269/4305 (with the 55*8 above)
+//  WRITE_0 = 23*8 , 9*8  SpinDelayUs(23*8); 
+

 uint8_t Prepare_Cmd( uint8_t cmd ) {
 uint8_t Prepare_Cmd( uint8_t cmd ) {

-       //--------------------------------------------------------------------

 
        *forward_ptr++ = 0; //start bit
        *forward_ptr++ = 0; //second pause for 4050 code
 
        *forward_ptr++ = 0; //start bit
        *forward_ptr++ = 0; //second pause for 4050 code


@@ -1791,10 +1833,7 @@ uint8_t Prepare_Cmd( uint8_t cmd ) {
 // prepares address bits
 // see EM4469 spec
 //====================================================================
 // prepares address bits
 // see EM4469 spec
 //====================================================================

-
-//--------------------------------------------------------------------

 uint8_t Prepare_Addr( uint8_t addr ) {
 uint8_t Prepare_Addr( uint8_t addr ) {

-       //--------------------------------------------------------------------

 
        register uint8_t line_parity;
 
 
        register uint8_t line_parity;
 


@@ -1815,10 +1854,7 @@ uint8_t Prepare_Addr( uint8_t addr ) {
 // prepares data bits intreleaved with parity bits
 // see EM4469 spec
 //====================================================================
 // prepares data bits intreleaved with parity bits
 // see EM4469 spec
 //====================================================================

-
-//--------------------------------------------------------------------

 uint8_t Prepare_Data( uint16_t data_low, uint16_t data_hi) {
 uint8_t Prepare_Data( uint16_t data_low, uint16_t data_hi) {

-       //--------------------------------------------------------------------

 
        register uint8_t line_parity;
        register uint8_t column_parity;
 
        register uint8_t line_parity;
        register uint8_t column_parity;


@@ -1860,37 +1896,27 @@ void SendForward(uint8_t fwd_bit_count) {
        fwd_write_ptr = forwardLink_data;
        fwd_bit_sz = fwd_bit_count;
 
        fwd_write_ptr = forwardLink_data;
        fwd_bit_sz = fwd_bit_count;
 

-       LED_D_ON();
-
-       //Field on
-       FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF);
-       FpgaSendCommand(FPGA_CMD_SET_DIVISOR, 95); //125Khz
-       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);
-
-       // Give it a bit of time for the resonant antenna to settle.
-       // And for the tag to fully power up
-       SpinDelay(150);
+       // Set up FPGA, 125kHz or 95 divisor
+       LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);

 
        // force 1st mod pulse (start gap must be longer for 4305)
        fwd_bit_sz--; //prepare next bit modulation
        fwd_write_ptr++;
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off
 
        // force 1st mod pulse (start gap must be longer for 4305)
        fwd_bit_sz--; //prepare next bit modulation
        fwd_write_ptr++;
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off

-       SpinDelayUs(55*8); //55 cycles off (8us each)for 4305
-       FpgaSendCommand(FPGA_CMD_SET_DIVISOR, 95); //125Khz
+       WaitUS(55*8); //55 cycles off (8us each)for 4305  //another reader has 37 here...

        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);//field on
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);//field on

-       SpinDelayUs(16*8); //16 cycles on (8us each)
+       WaitUS(18*8); //18 cycles on (8us each)

 
        // now start writting
        while(fwd_bit_sz-- > 0) { //prepare next bit modulation
                if(((*fwd_write_ptr++) & 1) == 1)
 
        // now start writting
        while(fwd_bit_sz-- > 0) { //prepare next bit modulation
                if(((*fwd_write_ptr++) & 1) == 1)

-                       SpinDelayUs(32*8); //32 cycles at 125Khz (8us each)
+                       WaitUS(32*8); //32 cycles at 125Khz (8us each)

                else {
                        //These timings work for 4469/4269/4305 (with the 55*8 above)
                        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off
                else {
                        //These timings work for 4469/4269/4305 (with the 55*8 above)
                        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off

-                       SpinDelayUs(23*8); //16-4 cycles off (8us each)
-                       FpgaSendCommand(FPGA_CMD_SET_DIVISOR, 95); //125Khz
+                       WaitUS(23*8); //23 cycles off (8us each)

                        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);//field on
                        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);//field on

-                       SpinDelayUs(9*8); //16 cycles on (8us each)
+                       WaitUS(18*8); //18 cycles on (8us each)

                }
        }
 }
                }
        }
 }


@@ -1907,15 +1933,17 @@ void EM4xLogin(uint32_t Password) {
 
        //Wait for command to complete
        SpinDelay(20);
 
        //Wait for command to complete
        SpinDelay(20);

-

 }
 
 void EM4xReadWord(uint8_t Address, uint32_t Pwd, uint8_t PwdMode) {
 
        uint8_t fwd_bit_count;
 }
 
 void EM4xReadWord(uint8_t Address, uint32_t Pwd, uint8_t PwdMode) {
 
        uint8_t fwd_bit_count;

-       uint8_t *dest = BigBuf_get_addr();
-       int m=0, i=0;

 
 

+       // Clear destination buffer before sending the command
+       BigBuf_Clear_ext(false);
+
+       LED_A_ON();
+       StartTicks();

        //If password mode do login
        if (PwdMode == 1) EM4xLogin(Pwd);
 
        //If password mode do login
        if (PwdMode == 1) EM4xLogin(Pwd);
 


@@ -1923,38 +1951,29 @@ void EM4xReadWord(uint8_t Address, uint32_t Pwd, uint8_t PwdMode) {
        fwd_bit_count = Prepare_Cmd( FWD_CMD_READ );
        fwd_bit_count += Prepare_Addr( Address );
 
        fwd_bit_count = Prepare_Cmd( FWD_CMD_READ );
        fwd_bit_count += Prepare_Addr( Address );
 

-       m = BigBuf_max_traceLen();
-       // Clear destination buffer before sending the command
-       memset(dest, 128, m);
-       // Connect the A/D to the peak-detected low-frequency path.
-       SetAdcMuxFor(GPIO_MUXSEL_LOPKD);
-       // Now set up the SSC to get the ADC samples that are now streaming at us.
-       FpgaSetupSsc();
-

        SendForward(fwd_bit_count);
        SendForward(fwd_bit_count);

-
+       WaitUS(400);

        // Now do the acquisition
        // Now do the acquisition

-       i = 0;
-       for(;;) {
-               if (AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & AT91C_SSC_TXRDY) {
-                       AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = 0x43;
-               }
-               if (AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & AT91C_SSC_RXRDY) {
-                       dest[i] = (uint8_t)AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR;
-                       i++;
-                       if (i >= m) break;
-               }
-       }
+       DoPartialAcquisition(20, true, 6000, 1000);
+       

        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off

-       LED_D_OFF();
+       LED_A_OFF();
+       cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,0,0,0,0);

 }
 
 }
 

-void EM4xWriteWord(uint32_t Data, uint8_t Address, uint32_t Pwd, uint8_t PwdMode) {
-
+void EM4xWriteWord(uint32_t flag, uint32_t Data, uint32_t Pwd) {
+       
+       bool PwdMode = (flag & 0x1);
+       uint8_t Address = (flag >> 8) & 0xFF;

        uint8_t fwd_bit_count;
 
        uint8_t fwd_bit_count;
 

+       //clear buffer now so it does not interfere with timing later
+       BigBuf_Clear_ext(false);
+
+       LED_A_ON();
+       StartTicks();

        //If password mode do login
        //If password mode do login

-       if (PwdMode == 1) EM4xLogin(Pwd);
+       if (PwdMode) EM4xLogin(Pwd);

 
        forward_ptr = forwardLink_data;
        fwd_bit_count = Prepare_Cmd( FWD_CMD_WRITE );
 
        forward_ptr = forwardLink_data;
        fwd_bit_count = Prepare_Cmd( FWD_CMD_WRITE );


@@ -1964,7 +1983,105 @@ void EM4xWriteWord(uint32_t Data, uint8_t Address, uint32_t Pwd, uint8_t PwdMode
        SendForward(fwd_bit_count);
 
        //Wait for write to complete
        SendForward(fwd_bit_count);
 
        //Wait for write to complete

-       SpinDelay(20);
+       //SpinDelay(10);
+
+       WaitUS(6500);
+       //Capture response if one exists
+       DoPartialAcquisition(20, true, 6000, 1000);
+

        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off

-       LED_D_OFF();
+       LED_A_OFF();
+       cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,0,0,0,0);
+}
+
+void EM4xProtect(uint32_t flag, uint32_t Data, uint32_t Pwd) {
+       
+       bool PwdMode = (flag & 0x1);
+       uint8_t fwd_bit_count;
+
+       //clear buffer now so it does not interfere with timing later
+       BigBuf_Clear_ext(false);
+
+       LED_A_ON();
+       StartTicks();
+       //If password mode do login
+       if (PwdMode) EM4xLogin(Pwd);
+
+       forward_ptr = forwardLink_data;
+       fwd_bit_count = Prepare_Cmd( FWD_CMD_PROTECT );
+
+       //unsure if this needs the full packet config...
+       fwd_bit_count += Prepare_Data( Data&0xFFFF, Data>>16 );
+
+       SendForward(fwd_bit_count);
+
+       //Wait for write to complete
+       //SpinDelay(10);
+
+       WaitUS(6500);
+       //Capture response if one exists
+       DoPartialAcquisition(20, true, 6000, 1000);
+
+       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off
+       LED_A_OFF();
+       cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,0,0,0,0);
+}
+/*
+Reading a COTAG.
+
+COTAG needs the reader to send a startsequence and the card has an extreme slow datarate.
+because of this, we can "sample" the data signal but we interpreate it to Manchester direct.
+
+READER START SEQUENCE:
+burst 800 us,    gap   2.2 msecs
+burst 3.6 msecs  gap   2.2 msecs
+burst 800 us     gap   2.2 msecs
+pulse 3.6 msecs
+
+This triggers a COTAG tag to response
+*/
+void Cotag(uint32_t arg0) {
+
+#define OFF     { FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); WaitUS(2035); }
+#define ON(x)   { FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD); WaitUS((x)); }
+
+       uint8_t rawsignal = arg0 & 0xF;
+
+       LED_A_ON();
+
+       // Switching to LF image on FPGA. This might empty BigBuff
+       FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF);
+
+       //clear buffer now so it does not interfere with timing later
+       BigBuf_Clear_ext(false);
+
+       // Set up FPGA, 132kHz to power up the tag
+       FpgaSendCommand(FPGA_CMD_SET_DIVISOR, 89);
+       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);
+
+       // Connect the A/D to the peak-detected low-frequency path.
+       SetAdcMuxFor(GPIO_MUXSEL_LOPKD);
+
+       // Now set up the SSC to get the ADC samples that are now streaming at us.
+       FpgaSetupSsc(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC);
+
+       // start clock - 1.5ticks is 1us
+       StartTicks();
+
+       //send COTAG start pulse
+       ON(740)  OFF
+       ON(3330) OFF
+       ON(740)  OFF
+       ON(1000)
+
+       switch(rawsignal) {
+               case 0: doCotagAcquisition(50000); break;
+               case 1: doCotagAcquisitionManchester(); break;
+               case 2: DoAcquisition_config(true, 0); break;
+       }
+
+       // Turn the field off
+       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off
+       cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,0,0,0,0);
+       LED_A_OFF();

 }
 }