]> git.zerfleddert.de Git - proxmark3-svn/blobdiff - armsrc/iso14443a.c
Merge pull request #221 from jamchamb/clean-mfu-dump
[proxmark3-svn] / armsrc / iso14443a.c
index 9fa9fe4ff61d8724036feeebeaa182a98b84a341..83907fce18b72c9b5407949c460b5e85d16a593a 100644 (file)
 #include "util.h"
 #include "string.h"
 #include "cmd.h"
-
 #include "iso14443crc.h"
 #include "iso14443a.h"
 #include "crapto1.h"
 #include "mifareutil.h"
 #include "BigBuf.h"
+#include "protocols.h"
+
 static uint32_t iso14a_timeout;
 int rsamples = 0;
 uint8_t trigger = 0;
@@ -2055,19 +2056,20 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try)
        byte_t par_list[8] = {0x00};
        byte_t ks_list[8] = {0x00};
 
+       #define PRNG_SEQUENCE_LENGTH  (1 << 16);
        static uint32_t sync_time;
-       static uint32_t sync_cycles;
+       static int32_t sync_cycles;
        int catch_up_cycles = 0;
        int last_catch_up = 0;
+       uint16_t elapsed_prng_sequences;
        uint16_t consecutive_resyncs = 0;
        int isOK = 0;
 
        if (first_try) { 
                mf_nr_ar3 = 0;
                sync_time = GetCountSspClk() & 0xfffffff8;
-               sync_cycles = 65536;                                                                    // theory: Mifare Classic's random generator repeats every 2^16 cycles (and so do the nonces).
+               sync_cycles = PRNG_SEQUENCE_LENGTH;                                                     // theory: Mifare Classic's random generator repeats every 2^16 cycles (and so do the tag nonces).
                nt_attacked = 0;
-               nt = 0;
                par[0] = 0;
        }
        else {
@@ -2082,8 +2084,17 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try)
        LED_C_OFF();
        
 
-       #define DARKSIDE_MAX_TRIES      32              // number of tries to sync on PRNG cycle. Then give up.
-       uint16_t unsuccessfull_tries = 0;
+       #define MAX_UNEXPECTED_RANDOM   4               // maximum number of unexpected (i.e. real) random numbers when trying to sync. Then give up.
+       #define MAX_SYNC_TRIES                  32
+       #define NUM_DEBUG_INFOS                 8               // per strategy
+       #define MAX_STRATEGY                    3
+       uint16_t unexpected_random = 0;
+       uint16_t sync_tries = 0;
+       int16_t debug_info_nr = -1;
+       uint16_t strategy = 0;
+       int32_t debug_info[MAX_STRATEGY][NUM_DEBUG_INFOS];
+       uint32_t select_time;
+       uint32_t halt_time;
        
        for(uint16_t i = 0; TRUE; i++) {
                
@@ -2096,21 +2107,60 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try)
                        break;
                }
                
+               if (strategy == 2) {
+                       // test with additional hlt command
+                       halt_time = 0;
+                       int len = mifare_sendcmd_short(NULL, false, 0x50, 0x00, receivedAnswer, receivedAnswerPar, &halt_time);
+                       if (len && MF_DBGLEVEL >= 3) {
+                               Dbprintf("Unexpected response of %d bytes to hlt command (additional debugging).", len);
+                       }
+               }
+
+               if (strategy == 3) {
+                       // test with FPGA power off/on
+                       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
+                       SpinDelay(200);
+                       iso14443a_setup(FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_READER_MOD);
+                       SpinDelay(100);
+               }
+               
                if(!iso14443a_select_card(uid, NULL, &cuid)) {
                        if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1)   Dbprintf("Mifare: Can't select card");
                        continue;
                }
+               select_time = GetCountSspClk();
 
-               sync_time = (sync_time & 0xfffffff8) + sync_cycles + catch_up_cycles;
-               catch_up_cycles = 0;
+               elapsed_prng_sequences = 1;
+               if (debug_info_nr == -1) {
+                       sync_time = (sync_time & 0xfffffff8) + sync_cycles + catch_up_cycles;
+                       catch_up_cycles = 0;
 
-               // if we missed the sync time already, advance to the next nonce repeat
-               while(GetCountSspClk() > sync_time) {
-                       sync_time = (sync_time & 0xfffffff8) + sync_cycles;
-               }
+                       // if we missed the sync time already, advance to the next nonce repeat
+                       while(GetCountSspClk() > sync_time) {
+                               elapsed_prng_sequences++;
+                               sync_time = (sync_time & 0xfffffff8) + sync_cycles;
+                       }
 
-               // Transmit MIFARE_CLASSIC_AUTH at synctime. Should result in returning the same tag nonce (== nt_attacked) 
-               ReaderTransmit(mf_auth, sizeof(mf_auth), &sync_time);
+                       // Transmit MIFARE_CLASSIC_AUTH at synctime. Should result in returning the same tag nonce (== nt_attacked) 
+                       ReaderTransmit(mf_auth, sizeof(mf_auth), &sync_time);
+               } else {
+                       // collect some information on tag nonces for debugging:
+                       #define DEBUG_FIXED_SYNC_CYCLES PRNG_SEQUENCE_LENGTH
+                       if (strategy == 0) {
+                               // nonce distances at fixed time after card select:
+                               sync_time = select_time + DEBUG_FIXED_SYNC_CYCLES;
+                       } else if (strategy == 1) {
+                               // nonce distances at fixed time between authentications:
+                               sync_time = sync_time + DEBUG_FIXED_SYNC_CYCLES;
+                       } else if (strategy == 2) {
+                               // nonce distances at fixed time after halt:
+                               sync_time = halt_time + DEBUG_FIXED_SYNC_CYCLES;
+                       } else {
+                               // nonce_distances at fixed time after power on
+                               sync_time = DEBUG_FIXED_SYNC_CYCLES;
+                       }
+                       ReaderTransmit(mf_auth, sizeof(mf_auth), &sync_time);
+               }                       
 
                // Receive the (4 Byte) "random" nonce
                if (!ReaderReceive(receivedAnswer, receivedAnswerPar)) {
@@ -2128,19 +2178,37 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try)
                        int nt_distance = dist_nt(previous_nt, nt);
                        if (nt_distance == 0) {
                                nt_attacked = nt;
-                       }
-                       else {
+                       } else {
                                if (nt_distance == -99999) { // invalid nonce received
-                                       unsuccessfull_tries++;
-                                       if (!nt_attacked && unsuccessfull_tries > DARKSIDE_MAX_TRIES) {
+                                       unexpected_random++;
+                                       if (unexpected_random > MAX_UNEXPECTED_RANDOM) {
                                                isOK = -3;              // Card has an unpredictable PRNG. Give up      
                                                break;
                                        } else {
                                                continue;               // continue trying...
                                        }
                                }
-                               sync_cycles = (sync_cycles - nt_distance);
-                               if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 3) Dbprintf("calibrating in cycle %d. nt_distance=%d, Sync_cycles: %d\n", i, nt_distance, sync_cycles);
+                               if (++sync_tries > MAX_SYNC_TRIES) {
+                                       if (strategy > MAX_STRATEGY || MF_DBGLEVEL < 3) {
+                                               isOK = -4;                      // Card's PRNG runs at an unexpected frequency or resets unexpectedly
+                                               break;
+                                       } else {                                // continue for a while, just to collect some debug info
+                                               debug_info[strategy][debug_info_nr] = nt_distance;
+                                               debug_info_nr++;
+                                               if (debug_info_nr == NUM_DEBUG_INFOS) {
+                                                       strategy++;
+                                                       debug_info_nr = 0;
+                                               }
+                                               continue;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               sync_cycles = (sync_cycles - nt_distance/elapsed_prng_sequences);
+                               if (sync_cycles <= 0) {
+                                       sync_cycles += PRNG_SEQUENCE_LENGTH;
+                               }
+                               if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 3) {
+                                       Dbprintf("calibrating in cycle %d. nt_distance=%d, elapsed_prng_sequences=%d, new sync_cycles: %d\n", i, nt_distance, elapsed_prng_sequences, sync_cycles);
+                               }
                                continue;
                        }
                }
@@ -2151,6 +2219,7 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try)
                                catch_up_cycles = 0;
                                continue;
                        }
+                       catch_up_cycles /= elapsed_prng_sequences;
                        if (catch_up_cycles == last_catch_up) {
                                consecutive_resyncs++;
                        }
@@ -2164,6 +2233,9 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try)
                        else {  
                                sync_cycles = sync_cycles + catch_up_cycles;
                                if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 3) Dbprintf("Lost sync in cycle %d for the fourth time consecutively (nt_distance = %d). Adjusting sync_cycles to %d.\n", i, -catch_up_cycles, sync_cycles);
+                               last_catch_up = 0;
+                               catch_up_cycles = 0;
+                               consecutive_resyncs = 0;
                        }
                        continue;
                }
@@ -2171,12 +2243,10 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try)
                consecutive_resyncs = 0;
                
                // Receive answer. This will be a 4 Bit NACK when the 8 parity bits are OK after decoding
-               if (ReaderReceive(receivedAnswer, receivedAnswerPar))
-               {
+               if (ReaderReceive(receivedAnswer, receivedAnswerPar)) {
                        catch_up_cycles = 8;    // the PRNG is delayed by 8 cycles due to the NAC (4Bits = 0x05 encrypted) transfer
        
-                       if (nt_diff == 0)
-                       {
+                       if (nt_diff == 0) {
                                par_low = par[0] & 0xE0; // there is no need to check all parities for other nt_diff. Parity Bits for mf_nr_ar[0..2] won't change
                        }
 
@@ -2211,6 +2281,16 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try)
 
 
        mf_nr_ar[3] &= 0x1F;
+
+       if (isOK == -4) {
+               if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 3) {
+                       for (uint16_t i = 0; i <= MAX_STRATEGY; i++) {
+                               for(uint16_t j = 0; j < NUM_DEBUG_INFOS; j++) {
+                                       Dbprintf("collected debug info[%d][%d] = %d", i, j, debug_info[i][j]);
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       }
        
        byte_t buf[28];
        memcpy(buf + 0,  uid, 4);
@@ -2228,20 +2308,35 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try)
        set_tracing(FALSE);
 }
 
+typedef struct {
+  uint32_t cuid;
+  uint8_t  sector;
+  uint8_t  keytype;
+  uint32_t nonce;
+  uint32_t ar;
+  uint32_t nr;
+  uint32_t nonce2;
+  uint32_t ar2;
+  uint32_t nr2;
+} nonces_t;
+
 /**
   *MIFARE 1K simulate.
   *
   *@param flags :
   *    FLAG_INTERACTIVE - In interactive mode, we are expected to finish the operation with an ACK
-  * 4B_FLAG_UID_IN_DATA - means that there is a 4-byte UID in the data-section, we're expected to use that
-  * 7B_FLAG_UID_IN_DATA - means that there is a 7-byte UID in the data-section, we're expected to use that
+  * FLAG_4B_UID_IN_DATA - means that there is a 4-byte UID in the data-section, we're expected to use that
+  * FLAG_7B_UID_IN_DATA - means that there is a 7-byte UID in the data-section, we're expected to use that
+  * FLAG_10B_UID_IN_DATA       - use 10-byte UID in the data-section not finished
   *    FLAG_NR_AR_ATTACK  - means we should collect NR_AR responses for bruteforcing later
-  *@param exitAfterNReads, exit simulation after n blocks have been read, 0 is inifite
+  * FLAG_RANDOM_NONCE - means we should generate some pseudo-random nonce data (only allows moebius attack)
+  *@param exitAfterNReads, exit simulation after n blocks have been read, 0 is infinite ...
+  * (unless reader attack mode enabled then it runs util it gets enough nonces to recover all keys attmpted)
   */
 void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *datain)
 {
        int cardSTATE = MFEMUL_NOFIELD;
-       int _7BUID = 0;
+       int _UID_LEN = 0; // 4, 7, 10
        int vHf = 0;    // in mV
        int res;
        uint32_t selTimer = 0;
@@ -2265,23 +2360,40 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *
        uint8_t response[MAX_MIFARE_FRAME_SIZE];
        uint8_t response_par[MAX_MIFARE_PARITY_SIZE];
        
-       uint8_t rATQA[] = {0x04, 0x00}; // Mifare classic 1k 4BUID
+       uint8_t rATQA[]    = {0x04, 0x00}; // Mifare classic 1k 4BUID
        uint8_t rUIDBCC1[] = {0xde, 0xad, 0xbe, 0xaf, 0x62};
        uint8_t rUIDBCC2[] = {0xde, 0xad, 0xbe, 0xaf, 0x62}; // !!!
-       uint8_t rSAK[] = {0x08, 0xb6, 0xdd};
-       uint8_t rSAK1[] = {0x04, 0xda, 0x17};
+       uint8_t rUIDBCC3[] = {0xde, 0xad, 0xbe, 0xaf, 0x62};
+
+       uint8_t rSAKfinal[]= {0x08, 0xb6, 0xdd};      // mifare 1k indicated
+       uint8_t rSAK1[]    = {0x04, 0xda, 0x17};      // indicate UID not finished
 
        uint8_t rAUTH_NT[] = {0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04};
        uint8_t rAUTH_AT[] = {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
                
-       //Here, we collect UID,NT,AR,NR,UID2,NT2,AR2,NR2
-       // This can be used in a reader-only attack.
-       // (it can also be retrieved via 'hf 14a list', but hey...
-       uint32_t ar_nr_responses[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
-       uint8_t ar_nr_collected = 0;
+       //Here, we collect UID,sector,keytype,NT,AR,NR,NT2,AR2,NR2
+       // This will be used in the reader-only attack.
+
+       //allow collecting up to 8 sets of nonces to allow recovery of up to 8 keys
+       #define ATTACK_KEY_COUNT 8 // keep same as define in cmdhfmf.c -> readerAttack()
+       nonces_t ar_nr_resp[ATTACK_KEY_COUNT*2]; //*2 for 2 separate attack types (nml, moebius)
+       memset(ar_nr_resp, 0x00, sizeof(ar_nr_resp));
+
+       uint8_t ar_nr_collected[ATTACK_KEY_COUNT*2]; //*2 for 2nd attack type (moebius)
+       memset(ar_nr_collected, 0x00, sizeof(ar_nr_collected));
+       uint8_t nonce1_count = 0;
+       uint8_t nonce2_count = 0;
+       uint8_t moebius_n_count = 0;
+       bool gettingMoebius = false;
+       uint8_t mM = 0; //moebius_modifier for collection storage
 
        // Authenticate response - nonce
-       uint32_t nonce = bytes_to_num(rAUTH_NT, 4);
+       uint32_t nonce;
+       if (flags & FLAG_RANDOM_NONCE) {
+               nonce = prand();
+       } else {
+               nonce = bytes_to_num(rAUTH_NT, 4);
+       }
        
        //-- Determine the UID
        // Can be set from emulator memory, incoming data
@@ -2291,45 +2403,96 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *
                // 4B uid comes from data-portion of packet
                memcpy(rUIDBCC1,datain,4);
                rUIDBCC1[4] = rUIDBCC1[0] ^ rUIDBCC1[1] ^ rUIDBCC1[2] ^ rUIDBCC1[3];
-
+               _UID_LEN = 4;
        } else if (flags & FLAG_7B_UID_IN_DATA) {
                // 7B uid comes from data-portion of packet
                memcpy(&rUIDBCC1[1],datain,3);
                memcpy(rUIDBCC2, datain+3, 4);
-               _7BUID = true;
+               _UID_LEN = 7;
+       } else if (flags & FLAG_10B_UID_IN_DATA) {
+               memcpy(&rUIDBCC1[1], datain,   3);
+               memcpy(&rUIDBCC2[1], datain+3, 3);
+               memcpy( rUIDBCC3,    datain+6, 4);
+               _UID_LEN = 10;
        } else {
-               // get UID from emul memory
+               // get UID from emul memory - guess at length
                emlGetMemBt(receivedCmd, 7, 1);
-               _7BUID = !(receivedCmd[0] == 0x00);
-               if (!_7BUID) {                     // ---------- 4BUID
+               if (receivedCmd[0] == 0x00) {      // ---------- 4BUID
                        emlGetMemBt(rUIDBCC1, 0, 4);
+                       _UID_LEN = 4;
                } else {                           // ---------- 7BUID
                        emlGetMemBt(&rUIDBCC1[1], 0, 3);
                        emlGetMemBt(rUIDBCC2, 3, 4);
+                       _UID_LEN = 7;
                }
        }
 
-       /*
-        * Regardless of what method was used to set the UID, set fifth byte and modify
-        * the ATQA for 4 or 7-byte UID
-        */
-       rUIDBCC1[4] = rUIDBCC1[0] ^ rUIDBCC1[1] ^ rUIDBCC1[2] ^ rUIDBCC1[3];
-       if (_7BUID) {
-               rATQA[0] = 0x44;
-               rUIDBCC1[0] = 0x88;
-               rUIDBCC1[4] = rUIDBCC1[0] ^ rUIDBCC1[1] ^ rUIDBCC1[2] ^ rUIDBCC1[3];
-               rUIDBCC2[4] = rUIDBCC2[0] ^ rUIDBCC2[1] ^ rUIDBCC2[2] ^ rUIDBCC2[3];
-       }
-
-       if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1)   {
-               if (!_7BUID) {
-                       Dbprintf("4B UID: %02x%02x%02x%02x", 
-                               rUIDBCC1[0], rUIDBCC1[1], rUIDBCC1[2], rUIDBCC1[3]);
-               } else {
-                       Dbprintf("7B UID: (%02x)%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x",
-                               rUIDBCC1[0], rUIDBCC1[1], rUIDBCC1[2], rUIDBCC1[3],
-                               rUIDBCC2[0], rUIDBCC2[1] ,rUIDBCC2[2], rUIDBCC2[3]);
-               }
+       switch (_UID_LEN) {
+               case 4:
+                       // save CUID
+                       cuid = bytes_to_num(rUIDBCC1, 4);
+                       // BCC
+                       rUIDBCC1[4] = rUIDBCC1[0] ^ rUIDBCC1[1] ^ rUIDBCC1[2] ^ rUIDBCC1[3];
+                       if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 2)   {
+                               Dbprintf("4B UID: %02x%02x%02x%02x", 
+                                       rUIDBCC1[0],
+                                       rUIDBCC1[1],
+                                       rUIDBCC1[2],
+                                       rUIDBCC1[3]
+                               );
+                       }
+                       break;
+               case 7:
+                       rATQA[0] |= 0x40;
+                       // save CUID
+                       cuid = bytes_to_num(rUIDBCC2, 4);
+                        // CascadeTag, CT
+                       rUIDBCC1[0] = 0x88;
+                       // BCC
+                       rUIDBCC1[4] = rUIDBCC1[0] ^ rUIDBCC1[1] ^ rUIDBCC1[2] ^ rUIDBCC1[3]; 
+                       rUIDBCC2[4] = rUIDBCC2[0] ^ rUIDBCC2[1] ^ rUIDBCC2[2] ^ rUIDBCC2[3]; 
+                       if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 2)   {
+                               Dbprintf("7B UID: %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x",
+                                       rUIDBCC1[1],
+                                       rUIDBCC1[2],
+                                       rUIDBCC1[3],
+                                       rUIDBCC2[0],
+                                       rUIDBCC2[1],
+                                       rUIDBCC2[2],
+                                       rUIDBCC2[3]
+                               );
+                       }
+                       break;
+               case 10:
+                       rATQA[0] |= 0x80;
+                       //sak_10[0] &= 0xFB;                                    
+                       // save CUID
+                       cuid = bytes_to_num(rUIDBCC3, 4);
+                        // CascadeTag, CT
+                       rUIDBCC1[0] = 0x88;
+                       rUIDBCC2[0] = 0x88;
+                       // BCC
+                       rUIDBCC1[4] = rUIDBCC1[0] ^ rUIDBCC1[1] ^ rUIDBCC1[2] ^ rUIDBCC1[3];
+                       rUIDBCC2[4] = rUIDBCC2[0] ^ rUIDBCC2[1] ^ rUIDBCC2[2] ^ rUIDBCC2[3];
+                       rUIDBCC3[4] = rUIDBCC3[0] ^ rUIDBCC3[1] ^ rUIDBCC3[2] ^ rUIDBCC3[3];
+
+                       if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 2)   {
+                               Dbprintf("10B UID: %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x",
+                                       rUIDBCC1[1],
+                                       rUIDBCC1[2],
+                                       rUIDBCC1[3],
+                                       rUIDBCC2[1],
+                                       rUIDBCC2[2],
+                                       rUIDBCC2[3],
+                                       rUIDBCC3[0],
+                                       rUIDBCC3[1],
+                                       rUIDBCC3[2],
+                                       rUIDBCC3[3]
+                               );
+                       }
+                       break;
+               default: 
+                       break;
        }
 
        // We need to listen to the high-frequency, peak-detected path.
@@ -2342,9 +2505,9 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *
        clear_trace();
        set_tracing(TRUE);
 
-
        bool finished = FALSE;
-       while (!BUTTON_PRESS() && !finished) {
+       bool button_pushed = BUTTON_PRESS();
+       while (!button_pushed && !finished && !usb_poll_validate_length()) {
                WDT_HIT();
 
                // find reader field
@@ -2354,11 +2517,10 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *
                                cardSTATE_TO_IDLE();
                                LED_A_ON();
                        }
-               } 
-               if(cardSTATE == MFEMUL_NOFIELD) continue;
+               }
+               if (cardSTATE == MFEMUL_NOFIELD) continue;
 
                //Now, get data
-
                res = EmGetCmd(receivedCmd, &len, receivedCmd_par);
                if (res == 2) { //Field is off!
                        cardSTATE = MFEMUL_NOFIELD;
@@ -2367,11 +2529,11 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *
                } else if (res == 1) {
                        break;  //return value 1 means button press
                }
-                       
+
                // REQ or WUP request in ANY state and WUP in HALTED state
-               if (len == 1 && ((receivedCmd[0] == 0x26 && cardSTATE != MFEMUL_HALTED) || receivedCmd[0] == 0x52)) {
+               if (len == 1 && ((receivedCmd[0] == ISO14443A_CMD_REQA && cardSTATE != MFEMUL_HALTED) || receivedCmd[0] == ISO14443A_CMD_WUPA)) {
                        selTimer = GetTickCount();
-                       EmSendCmdEx(rATQA, sizeof(rATQA), (receivedCmd[0] == 0x52));
+                       EmSendCmdEx(rATQA, sizeof(rATQA), (receivedCmd[0] == ISO14443A_CMD_WUPA));
                        cardSTATE = MFEMUL_SELECT1;
 
                        // init crypto block
@@ -2379,6 +2541,9 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *
                        LED_C_OFF();
                        crypto1_destroy(pcs);
                        cardAUTHKEY = 0xff;
+                       if (flags & FLAG_RANDOM_NONCE) {
+                               nonce = prand();
+                       }
                        continue;
                }
                
@@ -2390,59 +2555,141 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *
                                break;
                        }
                        case MFEMUL_SELECT1:{
-                               // select all
-                               if (len == 2 && (receivedCmd[0] == 0x93 && receivedCmd[1] == 0x20)) {
+                               // select all - 0x93 0x20
+                               if (len == 2 && (receivedCmd[0] == ISO14443A_CMD_ANTICOLL_OR_SELECT && receivedCmd[1] == 0x20)) {
                                        if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4)   Dbprintf("SELECT ALL received");
                                        EmSendCmd(rUIDBCC1, sizeof(rUIDBCC1));
                                        break;
                                }
 
-                               if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4 && len == 9 && receivedCmd[0] == 0x93 && receivedCmd[1] == 0x70 )
-                               {
-                                       Dbprintf("SELECT %02x%02x%02x%02x received",receivedCmd[2],receivedCmd[3],receivedCmd[4],receivedCmd[5]);
+                               // select card - 0x93 0x70 ...
+                               if (len == 9 &&
+                                               (receivedCmd[0] == ISO14443A_CMD_ANTICOLL_OR_SELECT && receivedCmd[1] == 0x70 && memcmp(&receivedCmd[2], rUIDBCC1, 4) == 0)) {
+                                       if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4) 
+                                               Dbprintf("SELECT %02x%02x%02x%02x received",receivedCmd[2],receivedCmd[3],receivedCmd[4],receivedCmd[5]);
+                                       
+                                       switch(_UID_LEN) {
+                                               case 4:
+                                                       cardSTATE = MFEMUL_WORK;
+                                                       LED_B_ON();
+                                                       if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4)   Dbprintf("--> WORK. anticol1 time: %d", GetTickCount() - selTimer);
+                                                       EmSendCmd(rSAKfinal, sizeof(rSAKfinal));
+                                                       break;
+                                               case 7:
+                                                       cardSTATE       = MFEMUL_SELECT2;
+                                                       EmSendCmd(rSAK1, sizeof(rSAK1));
+                                                       break;
+                                               case 10:
+                                                       cardSTATE       = MFEMUL_SELECT2;
+                                                       EmSendCmd(rSAK1, sizeof(rSAK1));
+                                                       break;
+                                               default:break;
+                                       }
+                               } else {
+                                       cardSTATE_TO_IDLE();
+                               }
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       case MFEMUL_SELECT3:{
+                               if (!len) { 
+                                       LogTrace(Uart.output, Uart.len, Uart.startTime*16 - DELAY_AIR2ARM_AS_TAG, Uart.endTime*16 - DELAY_AIR2ARM_AS_TAG, Uart.parity, TRUE);
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                               // select all cl3 - 0x97 0x20
+                               if (len == 2 && (receivedCmd[0] == ISO14443A_CMD_ANTICOLL_OR_SELECT_3 && receivedCmd[1] == 0x20)) {
+                                       EmSendCmd(rUIDBCC3, sizeof(rUIDBCC3));
+                                       break;
                                }
-                               // select card
+                               // select card cl3 - 0x97 0x70
                                if (len == 9 && 
-                                               (receivedCmd[0] == 0x93 && receivedCmd[1] == 0x70 && memcmp(&receivedCmd[2], rUIDBCC1, 4) == 0)) {
-                                       EmSendCmd(_7BUID?rSAK1:rSAK, _7BUID?sizeof(rSAK1):sizeof(rSAK));
-                                       cuid = bytes_to_num(rUIDBCC1, 4);
-                                       if (!_7BUID) {
-                                               cardSTATE = MFEMUL_WORK;
-                                               LED_B_ON();
-                                               if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4)   Dbprintf("--> WORK. anticol1 time: %d", GetTickCount() - selTimer);
-                                               break;
-                                       } else {
-                                               cardSTATE = MFEMUL_SELECT2;
-                                       }
+                                               (receivedCmd[0] == ISO14443A_CMD_ANTICOLL_OR_SELECT_3 &&
+                                                receivedCmd[1] == 0x70 && 
+                                                memcmp(&receivedCmd[2], rUIDBCC3, 4) == 0) ) {
+
+                                       EmSendCmd(rSAKfinal, sizeof(rSAKfinal));
+                                       cardSTATE = MFEMUL_WORK;
+                                       LED_B_ON();
+                                       if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4)   Dbprintf("--> WORK. anticol3 time: %d", GetTickCount() - selTimer);
+                                       break;
                                }
+                               cardSTATE_TO_IDLE();
                                break;
                        }
                        case MFEMUL_AUTH1:{
-                               if( len != 8)
-                               {
+                               if( len != 8) {
                                        cardSTATE_TO_IDLE();
                                        LogTrace(Uart.output, Uart.len, Uart.startTime*16 - DELAY_AIR2ARM_AS_TAG, Uart.endTime*16 - DELAY_AIR2ARM_AS_TAG, Uart.parity, TRUE);
                                        break;
                                }
 
-                               uint32_t ar = bytes_to_num(receivedCmd, 4);
-                               uint32_t nr = bytes_to_num(&receivedCmd[4], 4);
-
-                               //Collect AR/NR
-                               if(ar_nr_collected < 2){
-                                       if(ar_nr_responses[2] != ar)
-                                       {// Avoid duplicates... probably not necessary, ar should vary. 
-                                               ar_nr_responses[ar_nr_collected*4] = cuid;
-                                               ar_nr_responses[ar_nr_collected*4+1] = nonce;
-                                               ar_nr_responses[ar_nr_collected*4+2] = ar;
-                                               ar_nr_responses[ar_nr_collected*4+3] = nr;
-                                               ar_nr_collected++;
+                               uint32_t nr = bytes_to_num(receivedCmd, 4);
+                               uint32_t ar = bytes_to_num(&receivedCmd[4], 4);
+       
+                               // Collect AR/NR per keytype & sector
+                               if(flags & FLAG_NR_AR_ATTACK) {
+                                       for (uint8_t i = 0; i < ATTACK_KEY_COUNT; i++) {
+                                               if ( ar_nr_collected[i+mM]==0 || ((cardAUTHSC == ar_nr_resp[i+mM].sector) && (cardAUTHKEY == ar_nr_resp[i+mM].keytype) && (ar_nr_collected[i+mM] > 0)) ) {
+                                                       // if first auth for sector, or matches sector and keytype of previous auth
+                                                       if (ar_nr_collected[i+mM] < 2) {
+                                                               // if we haven't already collected 2 nonces for this sector
+                                                               if (ar_nr_resp[ar_nr_collected[i+mM]].ar != ar) {
+                                                                       // Avoid duplicates... probably not necessary, ar should vary. 
+                                                                       if (ar_nr_collected[i+mM]==0) {
+                                                                               // first nonce collect
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+mM].cuid = cuid;
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+mM].sector = cardAUTHSC;
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+mM].keytype = cardAUTHKEY;
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+mM].nonce = nonce;
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+mM].nr = nr;
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+mM].ar = ar;
+                                                                               nonce1_count++;
+                                                                               // add this nonce to first moebius nonce
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+ATTACK_KEY_COUNT].cuid = cuid;
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+ATTACK_KEY_COUNT].sector = cardAUTHSC;
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+ATTACK_KEY_COUNT].keytype = cardAUTHKEY;
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+ATTACK_KEY_COUNT].nonce = nonce;
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+ATTACK_KEY_COUNT].nr = nr;
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+ATTACK_KEY_COUNT].ar = ar;
+                                                                               ar_nr_collected[i+ATTACK_KEY_COUNT]++;
+                                                                       } else { // second nonce collect (std and moebius)
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+mM].nonce2 = nonce;
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+mM].nr2 = nr;
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+mM].ar2 = ar;
+                                                                               if (!gettingMoebius) {
+                                                                                       nonce2_count++;
+                                                                                       // check if this was the last second nonce we need for std attack
+                                                                                       if ( nonce2_count == nonce1_count ) {
+                                                                                               // done collecting std test switch to moebius
+                                                                                               // first finish incrementing last sample
+                                                                                               ar_nr_collected[i+mM]++; 
+                                                                                               // switch to moebius collection
+                                                                                               gettingMoebius = true;
+                                                                                               mM = ATTACK_KEY_COUNT;
+                                                                                               if (flags & FLAG_RANDOM_NONCE) {
+                                                                                                       nonce = prand();
+                                                                                               } else {
+                                                                                                       nonce = nonce*7;
+                                                                                               }
+                                                                                               break;
+                                                                                       }
+                                                                               } else {
+                                                                                       moebius_n_count++;
+                                                                                       // if we've collected all the nonces we need - finish.
+                                                                                       if (nonce1_count == moebius_n_count) finished = true;
+                                                                               }
+                                                                       }
+                                                                       ar_nr_collected[i+mM]++;
+                                                               }
+                                                       }
+                                                       // we found right spot for this nonce stop looking
+                                                       break;
+                                               }
                                        }
                                }
 
                                // --- crypto
-                               crypto1_word(pcs, ar , 1);
-                               cardRr = nr ^ crypto1_word(pcs, 0, 0);
+                               crypto1_word(pcs, nr , 1);
+                               cardRr = ar ^ crypto1_word(pcs, 0, 0);
 
                                // test if auth OK
                                if (cardRr != prng_successor(nonce, 64)){
@@ -2458,6 +2705,7 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *
                                        break;
                                }
 
+                               //auth successful
                                ans = prng_successor(nonce, 96) ^ crypto1_word(pcs, 0, 0);
 
                                num_to_bytes(ans, 4, rAUTH_AT);
@@ -2474,20 +2722,29 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *
                                if (!len) { 
                                        LogTrace(Uart.output, Uart.len, Uart.startTime*16 - DELAY_AIR2ARM_AS_TAG, Uart.endTime*16 - DELAY_AIR2ARM_AS_TAG, Uart.parity, TRUE);
                                        break;
-                               }
-                               if (len == 2 && (receivedCmd[0] == 0x95 && receivedCmd[1] == 0x20)) {
+                               }       
+                               // select all cl2 - 0x95 0x20
+                               if (len == 2 && (receivedCmd[0] == ISO14443A_CMD_ANTICOLL_OR_SELECT_2 && receivedCmd[1] == 0x20)) {
                                        EmSendCmd(rUIDBCC2, sizeof(rUIDBCC2));
                                        break;
                                }
 
-                               // select 2 card
+                               // select cl2 card - 0x95 0x70 xxxxxxxxxxxx
                                if (len == 9 && 
-                                               (receivedCmd[0] == 0x95 && receivedCmd[1] == 0x70 && memcmp(&receivedCmd[2], rUIDBCC2, 4) == 0)) {
-                                       EmSendCmd(rSAK, sizeof(rSAK));
-                                       cuid = bytes_to_num(rUIDBCC2, 4);
-                                       cardSTATE = MFEMUL_WORK;
-                                       LED_B_ON();
-                                       if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4)   Dbprintf("--> WORK. anticol2 time: %d", GetTickCount() - selTimer);
+                                               (receivedCmd[0] == ISO14443A_CMD_ANTICOLL_OR_SELECT_2 && receivedCmd[1] == 0x70 && memcmp(&receivedCmd[2], rUIDBCC2, 4) == 0)) {
+                                       switch(_UID_LEN) {
+                                               case 7:
+                                                       EmSendCmd(rSAKfinal, sizeof(rSAKfinal));
+                                                       cardSTATE = MFEMUL_WORK;
+                                                       LED_B_ON();
+                                                       if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4)   Dbprintf("--> WORK. anticol2 time: %d", GetTickCount() - selTimer);
+                                                       break;
+                                               case 10:
+                                                       EmSendCmd(rSAK1, sizeof(rSAK1));
+                                                       cardSTATE = MFEMUL_SELECT3;
+                                                       break;
+                                               default:break;
+                                       }
                                        break;
                                }
                                
@@ -2515,11 +2772,22 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *
                                }
                                
                                if (len == 4 && (receivedCmd[0] == 0x60 || receivedCmd[0] == 0x61)) {
+
+                                       // if authenticating to a block that shouldn't exist - as long as we are not doing the reader attack
+                                       if (receivedCmd[1] >= 16 * 4 && !(flags & FLAG_NR_AR_ATTACK)) {
+                                               //is this the correct response to an auth on a out of range block? marshmellow
+                                               EmSend4bit(mf_crypto1_encrypt4bit(pcs, CARD_NACK_NA));
+                                               if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 2) Dbprintf("Reader tried to operate (0x%02x) on out of range block: %d (0x%02x), nacking",receivedCmd[0],receivedCmd[1],receivedCmd[1]);
+                                               break;
+                                       }
+
                                        authTimer = GetTickCount();
                                        cardAUTHSC = receivedCmd[1] / 4;  // received block num
                                        cardAUTHKEY = receivedCmd[0] - 0x60;
                                        crypto1_destroy(pcs);//Added by martin
                                        crypto1_create(pcs, emlGetKey(cardAUTHSC, cardAUTHKEY));
+                                       //uint64_t key=emlGetKey(cardAUTHSC, cardAUTHKEY);
+                                       //Dbprintf("key: %04x%08x",(uint32_t)(key>>32)&0xFFFF,(uint32_t)(key&0xFFFFFFFF));
 
                                        if (!encrypted_data) { // first authentication
                                                if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4) Dbprintf("Reader authenticating for block %d (0x%02x) with key %d",receivedCmd[1] ,receivedCmd[1],cardAUTHKEY  );
@@ -2696,45 +2964,48 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *
                                break;
                        }
                }
+               button_pushed = BUTTON_PRESS();
        }
 
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
        LEDsoff();
 
-       if(flags & FLAG_INTERACTIVE)// Interactive mode flag, means we need to send ACK
-       {
-               //May just aswell send the collected ar_nr in the response aswell
-               cmd_send(CMD_ACK,CMD_SIMULATE_MIFARE_CARD,0,0,&ar_nr_responses,ar_nr_collected*4*4);
-       }
-
-       if(flags & FLAG_NR_AR_ATTACK)
-       {
-               if(ar_nr_collected > 1) {
-                       Dbprintf("Collected two pairs of AR/NR which can be used to extract keys from reader:");
-                       Dbprintf("../tools/mfkey/mfkey32 %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x",
-                                       ar_nr_responses[0], // UID
-                                       ar_nr_responses[1], //NT
-                                       ar_nr_responses[2], //AR1
-                                       ar_nr_responses[3], //NR1
-                                       ar_nr_responses[6], //AR2
-                                       ar_nr_responses[7] //NR2
-                                       );
-               } else {
-                       Dbprintf("Failed to obtain two AR/NR pairs!");
-                       if(ar_nr_collected >0) {
-                               Dbprintf("Only got these: UID=%08x, nonce=%08x, AR1=%08x, NR1=%08x",
-                                               ar_nr_responses[0], // UID
-                                               ar_nr_responses[1], //NT
-                                               ar_nr_responses[2], //AR1
-                                               ar_nr_responses[3] //NR1
+       if(flags & FLAG_NR_AR_ATTACK && MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1) {
+               for ( uint8_t   i = 0; i < ATTACK_KEY_COUNT; i++) {
+                       if (ar_nr_collected[i] == 2) {
+                               Dbprintf("Collected two pairs of AR/NR which can be used to extract %s from reader for sector %d:", (i<ATTACK_KEY_COUNT/2) ? "keyA" : "keyB", ar_nr_resp[i].sector);
+                               Dbprintf("../tools/mfkey/mfkey32 %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x",
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].cuid,  //UID
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].nonce, //NT
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].nr,    //NR1
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].ar,    //AR1
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].nr2,   //NR2
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].ar2    //AR2
+                                               );
+                       }
+               }       
+               for ( uint8_t   i = ATTACK_KEY_COUNT; i < ATTACK_KEY_COUNT*2; i++) {
+                       if (ar_nr_collected[i] == 2) {
+                               Dbprintf("Collected two pairs of AR/NR which can be used to extract %s from reader for sector %d:", (i<ATTACK_KEY_COUNT/2) ? "keyA" : "keyB", ar_nr_resp[i].sector);
+                               Dbprintf("../tools/mfkey/mfkey32v2 %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x",
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].cuid,  //UID
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].nonce, //NT
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].nr,    //NR1
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].ar,    //AR1
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].nonce2,//NT2
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].nr2,   //NR2
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].ar2    //AR2
                                                );
                        }
                }
        }
        if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1)   Dbprintf("Emulator stopped. Tracing: %d  trace length: %d ",    tracing, BigBuf_get_traceLen());
-       
-}
 
+       if(flags & FLAG_INTERACTIVE) { // Interactive mode flag, means we need to send ACK
+               //Send the collected ar_nr in the response
+               cmd_send(CMD_ACK,CMD_SIMULATE_MIFARE_CARD,button_pushed,0,&ar_nr_resp,sizeof(ar_nr_resp));
+       }
+}
 
 
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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