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		<TITLE>XILINX USB/Parallel JTAG cables on Linux without windrvr</TITLE>
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	<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000">
		<H1>XILINX JTAG tools on Linux without proprietary kernel modules</H1>
		<H2>About</H2>
		<P>
		When using <a href="http://www.xilinx.com">XILINX</a> JTAG software like Impact, Chipscope and XMD
		on Linux, the proprietary kernel module <i>windrvr</i> from <a href="http://www.jungo.com">Jungo</a>
		is needed to access the parallel- or usb-cable.
		As this module does not work with current linux kernel versions (&gt; 2.6.18) a library was developed,
		which emulates the module in userspace and allows the tools to access the JTAG cable without the need
		for a proprietary kernel module.
		</P>
		<P>
		The library uses <a href="http://libusb.sourceforge.net/">libusb</a> to access USB devices and the
		<a href="http://people.redhat.com/twaugh/parport/html/x623.html">ppdev</a> interface to communicate
		with parallel cables. The parallel part currently only supports Parallel Cable III mode (and PCIV in
		PCIII compatibility mode) as the faster PCIV modes use another kernel module which is not emulated by
		this library. So you are limited to a 200kHz JTAG clock when using Parallel Cable IV with this software.
		The USB cable is supported at full speed.
		</P>
		<P>
		Experimental support for FTDI 2232 based devices has been added. They are seen by Impact as a Parallel
		Cable III. These devices are currently significantly slower than every other supported cable.
		</P>
		<P>
		The library is called <i>libusb-driver</i> as it was developed to support the USB cable, but later
		extended to also support parallel cables.
		</P>
		<P><B>News</B>
		<UL>
			<LI><P><I>2008-03-26</I>: Xilinx has released their own drivers based on libusb with ISE Design Suite 10.1.
			To use them, you need to set the environment-variable <kbd>XIL_IMPACT_USE_LIBUSB</kbd> to <kbd>1</kbd>
			before running the tools. The driver on this page no longer needs to be preloaded if you only used
			it to access USB cables. Parallel port support still seems to rely on <i>windrvr</i>, which can be
			emulated by <i>libusb-driver</i>.</P>
			<P><B>Using 32-bit ISE 10.1 on a 64-bit platform:</B> When using the 32-bit JTAG tools from ISE Design
			Suite 10.1 on a 64-bit machine, the tools will not connect to the cable but output the following
			error: <I>Cable operation is not supported when running the 32-bit version of the application on a
			64-bit platform.</I>
			To fix this, run the tools with <KBD>linux32</KBD> or preload the newest 32-bit version of
			<i>libusb-driver</i>. This will lead the tools to believe that they are running on a 32-bit
			platform and allows them to connect to the cable.</P></LI>

			<LI><P><I>2009-05-31</I>: ISE Design Suite 11.1 now uses Xilinx's libusb-based drivers as default, without
			the need to set <kbd>XIL_IMPACT_USE_LIBUSB</kbd>. If you want to use this driver with ISE 11.1 for USB
			cables and disable the builtin support for libusb, you now have to set <kbd>XIL_IMPACT_USE_LIBUSB</kbd>
			to <kbd>0</kbd> (<kbd>export XIL_IMPACT_USE_LIBUSB=0</kbd> or <kbd>setenv XIL_IMPACT_USE_LIBUSB 0</kbd>).
			For parallel cables Xilinx still relies on <i>windrvr</i>. This library works fine with parallel cables and
			ISE 11.1 with no need for <i>windrvr</i>.</P></LI>

			<LI><P><I>2010-03-15</I>: If you are using newer udev-versions (like the version included in Debian Squeeze
			and Ubuntu 9.10), then the file <i>/etc/udev/rules.d/xusbdfwu.rules</i> is incompatible with this udev
			version. The effect of this is that the cable-firmware gets never loaded and the cable led never lights up.</P>
			<P>To fix this, run the following command as root:<BR>
			<kbd>sed -i -e 's/TEMPNODE/tempnode/' -e 's/SYSFS/ATTRS/g' -e 's/BUS/SUBSYSTEMS/' /etc/udev/rules.d/xusbdfwu.rules</kbd><BR>
			You may have to reboot for this change to take effect.</P></LI>
		</UL>
		</P>
		<H2>Supported Cables</H2>
		The following cables are reported to work with this driver:
		<ul>
			<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/support/documentation/data_sheets/ds593.pdf">XILINX Platform Cable USB II</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://direct.xilinx.com/bvdocs/publications/ds300.pdf">XILINX Platform Cable USB DLC9, DLC9LP and DLC9G</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/s3estarter">Integrated Platform Cable USB on Spartan 3E starter kit</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/s3astarter">Integrated Platform Cable USB on Spartan 3A starter kit</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://www.digilentinc.com/Products/Detail.cfm?Nav1=Products&Nav2=Programmable&Prod=XUPV2P">Integrated Platform Cable USB on XUP-V2Pro</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://direct.xilinx.com/bvdocs/publications/ds097.pdf">XILINX Parallel Cable IV</a> (in Parallel Cable III compatibility mode)</li>
			<li>FCPU-X platform cable (XILINX Platform Cable USB clone)</li>
			<li><a href="http://www.enterpoint.co.uk/">Enterpoint Prog2</a> Parallel Cable III clone</li>
			<li><a href="http://www.trenz-electronic.de/">Trenz TE0149-01</a> Parallel Cable III clone</li>
			<li><a href="http://www.digilentinc.com/Products/Catalog.cfm?Nav1=Products&amp;Nav2=Cables&amp;Cat=Cable">Digilent JTAG3</a> Parallel Cable III clone</li>
			<li><a href="http://www.amontec.com/">Amontec JTAGkey-Tiny</a> (experimental)</li>
		</ul>
		These cables should work but have not yet been tested:
		<ul>
			<li>Integrated Platform Cable USB on other development boards</li>
			<li>other Parallel Cable III clones</li>
			<li>other FTDI2232 based devices which use the chips standard JTAG pinout (experimental)</li>
		</ul>
		<H2>Supported Software</H2>
		The following software is reported to work with this driver:
		<ul>
			<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/tools/designtools.htm">ISE 11</a> (all editions)</li>
			<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/logic_design_prod/webpack.htm">ISE Webpack 10.1</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/logic_design_prod/webpack.htm">ISE Webpack 9.2 SP1, SP2, SP3 and SP4</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/logic_design_prod/webpack.htm">ISE Webpack 9.1 SP1, SP2 and SP3</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/logic_design_prod/webpack.htm">ISE Webpack 8.2 SP3</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/logic_design_prod/webpack.htm">ISE Webpack 8.1 SP3</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/optional_prod/cspro.htm">ChipScope Pro 10.1</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/optional_prod/cspro.htm">ChipScope Pro 9.2.01i, 9.2.02i, 9.2.03i and 9.2.04i</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/optional_prod/cspro.htm">ChipScope Pro 9.1.02i and 9.1.03i</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/optional_prod/cspro.htm">ChipScope Pro 8.2.04i</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/embedded_design_prod/platform_studio.htm">EDK 10.1</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/embedded_design_prod/platform_studio.htm">EDK 9.2.01i and 9.2.02i</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/embedded_design_prod/platform_studio.htm">EDK 9.1.01i and 9.1.02i</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/embedded_design_prod/platform_studio.htm">EDK 8.2.02i</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/embedded_design_prod/platform_studio.htm">EDK 8.1.02i</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://www.synplicity.com/products/identify/index.html">Synplicity Identify Debugger</a></li>
		</ul>
		<H2>Download</H2>
		<ul>
			<li>Download <a href="http://git.zerfleddert.de/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi/usb-driver?a=snapshot;h=HEAD;sf=tgz">usb-driver-HEAD.tar.gz</a> (to build it, you need to have the libusb development package installed. It is called libusb-dev on Debian.)</li>
			<li>Read the <a href="http://git.zerfleddert.de/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi/usb-driver?a=blob_plain;f=README;hb=HEAD">README</a></li>
			<li>Browse the <a href="http://git.zerfleddert.de/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi/usb-driver?a=tree">Git repository</a> (<a href="http://git.zerfleddert.de/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi/usb-driver">Summary</a>)</li>
			<li>Precompiled <a href="libusb-driver.so">libusb-driver.so</a> for Debian Etch, but better build your own</li>
			<li>Clone the <a href="http://git.or.cz/">Git</a> repository with: <kbd>git clone git://git.zerfleddert.de/usb-driver</kbd></li>
		</ul>
		<H2>Links</H2>
		<ul>
			<li><a href="http://groups.google.com/group/comp.arch.fpga/msg/94d8bb1f52e06b44">XILINX listened</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://svenand.blogdrive.com/archive/55.html">Installation instructions using a MacBook running Ubuntu in VMware by Sven Andersson</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://groups.google.com/group/comp.arch.fpga/browse_thread/thread/954a145428ec2c54/555f6bfb766a3a93#555f6bfb766a3a93">Using the libusb-driver on a 64bit system with a 32bit ISE by Ken Ryan</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://groups.google.com/group/comp.arch.fpga/msg/2dfa36541174a4f2">Ubuntu installation instructions by Luzerne</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://www.itee.uq.edu.au/~listarch/microblaze-uclinux/archive/2007/03/msg00101.html">Ubuntu installation instructions by Paul-Armand Verhaegen</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://groups.google.com/group/comp.arch.fpga/browse_frm/thread/f149e5b6028e2c70">Initial announcement on comp.arch.fpga</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://inisyn.org/src/xup/">XUP</a> by inisyn research, opensource JTAG programming for Spartan 3E starter kit USB cable</li>
			<li><a href="http://www.ixo.de/info/usb_jtag/">USB JTAG adapter</a> by Kolja Waschk, opensource integration of the XILINX platform cable USB into OpenOCD and openwince JTAG Tools</li>
			<li><a href="http://www.rogerstech.co.uk/xc3sprog/">Spartan3 JTAG download tools for GNU/Linux (xc3sprog)</a></li>
			<li><a href="http://urjtag.org/">UrJTAG</a>, open source jtag tools with basic support for the xilinx XPCU</a></li>
		</ul>
		<HR>
		<FONT SIZE="-1"><I><A HREF="mailto:cabledriver@zerfleddert.de">Michael Gernoth</A></I></FONT>
	</BODY>
</HTML>
Commit	Line	Data
026cbe49	1	<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
	2	<HTML>
	3	<HEAD>
	4	<TITLE>XILINX USB/Parallel JTAG cables on Linux without windrvr</TITLE>
	5	</HEAD>
	6	<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000">
	7	<H1>XILINX JTAG tools on Linux without proprietary kernel modules</H1>
	8	<H2>About</H2>
	9	<P>
	10	When using <a href="http://www.xilinx.com">XILINX</a> JTAG software like Impact, Chipscope and XMD
2b78cb99	11	on Linux, the proprietary kernel module <i>windrvr</i> from <a href="http://www.jungo.com">Jungo</a>
026cbe49	12	is needed to access the parallel- or usb-cable.
	13	As this module does not work with current linux kernel versions (> 2.6.18) a library was developed,
	14	which emulates the module in userspace and allows the tools to access the JTAG cable without the need
	15	for a proprietary kernel module.
	16	</P>
	17	<P>
	18	The library uses <a href="http://libusb.sourceforge.net/">libusb</a> to access USB devices and the
4d2daea0	19	<a href="http://people.redhat.com/twaugh/parport/html/x623.html">ppdev</a> interface to communicate
026cbe49	20	with parallel cables. The parallel part currently only supports Parallel Cable III mode (and PCIV in
	21	PCIII compatibility mode) as the faster PCIV modes use another kernel module which is not emulated by
	22	this library. So you are limited to a 200kHz JTAG clock when using Parallel Cable IV with this software.
	23	The USB cable is supported at full speed.
	24	</P>
	25	<P>
7606d470	26	Experimental support for FTDI 2232 based devices has been added. They are seen by Impact as a Parallel
	27	Cable III. These devices are currently significantly slower than every other supported cable.
	28	</P>
	29	<P>
026cbe49	30	The library is called <i>libusb-driver</i> as it was developed to support the USB cable, but later
	31	extended to also support parallel cables.
	32	</P>
06f5f9d0 MG	33	<P><B>News</B>
06f5f9d0 MG	34	<UL>
cc424c9b	35	<LI><P><I>2008-03-26</I>: Xilinx has released their own drivers based on libusb with ISE Design Suite 10.1.
06f5f9d0 MG	36	To use them, you need to set the environment-variable <kbd>XIL_IMPACT_USE_LIBUSB</kbd> to <kbd>1</kbd>
	37	before running the tools. The driver on this page no longer needs to be preloaded if you only used
	38	it to access USB cables. Parallel port support still seems to rely on <i>windrvr</i>, which can be
	39	emulated by <i>libusb-driver</i>.</P>
	40	<P><B>Using 32-bit ISE 10.1 on a 64-bit platform:</B> When using the 32-bit JTAG tools from ISE Design
	41	Suite 10.1 on a 64-bit machine, the tools will not connect to the cable but output the following
	42	error: <I>Cable operation is not supported when running the 32-bit version of the application on a
	43	64-bit platform.</I>
	44	To fix this, run the tools with <KBD>linux32</KBD> or preload the newest 32-bit version of
	45	<i>libusb-driver</i>. This will lead the tools to believe that they are running on a 32-bit
cc424c9b	46	platform and allows them to connect to the cable.</P></LI>
06f5f9d0	47
4d5f52f3	48	<LI><P><I>2009-05-31</I>: ISE Design Suite 11.1 now uses Xilinx's libusb-based drivers as default, without
06f5f9d0 MG	49	the need to set <kbd>XIL_IMPACT_USE_LIBUSB</kbd>. If you want to use this driver with ISE 11.1 for USB
	50	cables and disable the builtin support for libusb, you now have to set <kbd>XIL_IMPACT_USE_LIBUSB</kbd>
	51	to <kbd>0</kbd> (<kbd>export XIL_IMPACT_USE_LIBUSB=0</kbd> or <kbd>setenv XIL_IMPACT_USE_LIBUSB 0</kbd>).
	52	For parallel cables Xilinx still relies on <i>windrvr</i>. This library works fine with parallel cables and
cc424c9b MG	53	ISE 11.1 with no need for <i>windrvr</i>.</P></LI>
	54
	55	<LI><P><I>2010-03-15</I>: If you are using newer udev-versions (like the version included in Debian Squeeze
	56	and Ubuntu 9.10), then the file <i>/etc/udev/rules.d/xusbdfwu.rules</i> is incompatible with this udev
	57	version. The effect of this is that the cable-firmware gets never loaded and the cable led never lights up.</P>
	58	<P>To fix this, run the following command as root:<BR>
	59	<kbd>sed -i -e 's/TEMPNODE/tempnode/' -e 's/SYSFS/ATTRS/g' -e 's/BUS/SUBSYSTEMS/' /etc/udev/rules.d/xusbdfwu.rules</kbd><BR>
	60	You may have to reboot for this change to take effect.</P></LI>
06f5f9d0	61	</UL>
d6cf2032	62	</P>
026cbe49	63	<H2>Supported Cables</H2>
	64	The following cables are reported to work with this driver:
	65	<ul>
f10305a8	66	<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/support/documentation/data_sheets/ds593.pdf">XILINX Platform Cable USB II</a></li>
e9a331c7	67	<li><a href="http://direct.xilinx.com/bvdocs/publications/ds300.pdf">XILINX Platform Cable USB DLC9, DLC9LP and DLC9G</a></li>
026cbe49	68	<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/s3estarter">Integrated Platform Cable USB on Spartan 3E starter kit</a></li>
de6f38de	69	<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/s3astarter">Integrated Platform Cable USB on Spartan 3A starter kit</a></li>
20ce0945	70	<li><a href="http://www.digilentinc.com/Products/Detail.cfm?Nav1=Products&Nav2=Programmable&Prod=XUPV2P">Integrated Platform Cable USB on XUP-V2Pro</a></li>
21a5b635	71	<li><a href="http://direct.xilinx.com/bvdocs/publications/ds097.pdf">XILINX Parallel Cable IV</a> (in Parallel Cable III compatibility mode)</li>
9bb134bb	72	<li>FCPU-X platform cable (XILINX Platform Cable USB clone)</li>
026cbe49	73	<li><a href="http://www.enterpoint.co.uk/">Enterpoint Prog2</a> Parallel Cable III clone</li>
026cbe49	74	<li><a href="http://www.trenz-electronic.de/">Trenz TE0149-01</a> Parallel Cable III clone</li>
9ec5ba04	75	<li><a href="http://www.digilentinc.com/Products/Catalog.cfm?Nav1=Products&Nav2=Cables&Cat=Cable">Digilent JTAG3</a> Parallel Cable III clone</li>
7606d470	76	<li><a href="http://www.amontec.com/">Amontec JTAGkey-Tiny</a> (experimental)</li>
026cbe49	77	</ul>
78d5d21d	78	These cables should work but have not yet been tested:
78d5d21d	79	<ul>
78d5d21d	80	<li>Integrated Platform Cable USB on other development boards</li>
78d5d21d	81	<li>other Parallel Cable III clones</li>
7606d470	82	<li>other FTDI2232 based devices which use the chips standard JTAG pinout (experimental)</li>
78d5d21d	83	</ul>
026cbe49	84	<H2>Supported Software</H2>
	85	The following software is reported to work with this driver:
	86	<ul>
4d5f52f3	87	<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/tools/designtools.htm">ISE 11</a> (all editions)</li>
718362b4	88	<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/logic_design_prod/webpack.htm">ISE Webpack 10.1</a></li>
04d489ad	89	<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/logic_design_prod/webpack.htm">ISE Webpack 9.2 SP1, SP2, SP3 and SP4</a></li>
59fab31f MG	90	<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/logic_design_prod/webpack.htm">ISE Webpack 9.1 SP1, SP2 and SP3</a></li>
	91	<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/logic_design_prod/webpack.htm">ISE Webpack 8.2 SP3</a></li>
	92	<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/logic_design_prod/webpack.htm">ISE Webpack 8.1 SP3</a></li>
718362b4	93	<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/optional_prod/cspro.htm">ChipScope Pro 10.1</a></li>
04d489ad	94	<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/optional_prod/cspro.htm">ChipScope Pro 9.2.01i, 9.2.02i, 9.2.03i and 9.2.04i</a></li>
59fab31f	95	<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/optional_prod/cspro.htm">ChipScope Pro 9.1.02i and 9.1.03i</a></li>
026cbe49	96	<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/optional_prod/cspro.htm">ChipScope Pro 8.2.04i</a></li>
718362b4	97	<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/embedded_design_prod/platform_studio.htm">EDK 10.1</a></li>
b9423a53	98	<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/embedded_design_prod/platform_studio.htm">EDK 9.2.01i and 9.2.02i</a></li>
59fab31f	99	<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/embedded_design_prod/platform_studio.htm">EDK 9.1.01i and 9.1.02i</a></li>
026cbe49	100	<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/embedded_design_prod/platform_studio.htm">EDK 8.2.02i</a></li>
2271fdf2	101	<li><a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ise/embedded_design_prod/platform_studio.htm">EDK 8.1.02i</a></li>
337944d1	102	<li><a href="http://www.synplicity.com/products/identify/index.html">Synplicity Identify Debugger</a></li>
026cbe49	103	</ul>
	104	<H2>Download</H2>
	105	<ul>
8d29f0a4	106	<li>Download <a href="http://git.zerfleddert.de/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi/usb-driver?a=snapshot;h=HEAD;sf=tgz">usb-driver-HEAD.tar.gz</a> (to build it, you need to have the libusb development package installed. It is called libusb-dev on Debian.)</li>
badd6a82	107	<li>Read the <a href="http://git.zerfleddert.de/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi/usb-driver?a=blob_plain;f=README;hb=HEAD">README</a></li>
e9b47752	108	<li>Browse the <a href="http://git.zerfleddert.de/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi/usb-driver?a=tree">Git repository</a> (<a href="http://git.zerfleddert.de/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi/usb-driver">Summary</a>)</li>
9ec5ba04	109	<li>Precompiled <a href="libusb-driver.so">libusb-driver.so</a> for Debian Etch, but better build your own</li>
b22eea29	110	<li>Clone the <a href="http://git.or.cz/">Git</a> repository with: <kbd>git clone git://git.zerfleddert.de/usb-driver</kbd></li>
41d0a9f7	111	</ul>
	112	<H2>Links</H2>
	113	<ul>
5029ac18 MG	114	<li><a href="http://groups.google.com/group/comp.arch.fpga/msg/94d8bb1f52e06b44">XILINX listened</a></li>
5029ac18 MG	115	<li><a href="http://svenand.blogdrive.com/archive/55.html">Installation instructions using a MacBook running Ubuntu in VMware by Sven Andersson</a></li>
b3158171	116	<li><a href="http://groups.google.com/group/comp.arch.fpga/browse_thread/thread/954a145428ec2c54/555f6bfb766a3a93#555f6bfb766a3a93">Using the libusb-driver on a 64bit system with a 32bit ISE by Ken Ryan</a></li>
9ec5ba04	117	<li><a href="http://groups.google.com/group/comp.arch.fpga/msg/2dfa36541174a4f2">Ubuntu installation instructions by Luzerne</a></li>
41d0a9f7	118	<li><a href="http://www.itee.uq.edu.au/~listarch/microblaze-uclinux/archive/2007/03/msg00101.html">Ubuntu installation instructions by Paul-Armand Verhaegen</a></li>
9ec5ba04	119	<li><a href="http://groups.google.com/group/comp.arch.fpga/browse_frm/thread/f149e5b6028e2c70">Initial announcement on comp.arch.fpga</a></li>
57d4107e	120	<li><a href="http://inisyn.org/src/xup/">XUP</a> by inisyn research, opensource JTAG programming for Spartan 3E starter kit USB cable</li>
57d4107e	121	<li><a href="http://www.ixo.de/info/usb_jtag/">USB JTAG adapter</a> by Kolja Waschk, opensource integration of the XILINX platform cable USB into OpenOCD and openwince JTAG Tools</li>
295cadbc	122	<li><a href="http://www.rogerstech.co.uk/xc3sprog/">Spartan3 JTAG download tools for GNU/Linux (xc3sprog)</a></li>
120876a3	123	<li><a href="http://urjtag.org/">UrJTAG</a>, open source jtag tools with basic support for the xilinx XPCU</a></li>
026cbe49	124	</ul>
026cbe49	125	<HR>
f19a030c	126	<FONT SIZE="-1"><I><A HREF="mailto:cabledriver@zerfleddert.de">Michael Gernoth</A></I></FONT>
026cbe49	127	</BODY>
026cbe49	128	</HTML>