git.zerfleddert.de Git - proxmark3-svn/blob - client/util.c

   1 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   2 // Copyright (C) 2010 iZsh <izsh at fail0verflow.com>
   3 //
   4 // This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or,
   5 // at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of
   6 // the license.
   7 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   8 // utilities
   9 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  10
  11 #include "util.h"
  12
  13 #include <stdint.h>
  14 #include <string.h>
  15 #include <ctype.h>
  16 #include <stdlib.h>
  17 #include <stdio.h>
  18 #include <time.h>
  19 #include <stdarg.h>
  20
  21 #ifdef _WIN32
  22 #include <windows.h>
  23 #endif
  24
  25 #define MAX_BIN_BREAK_LENGTH   (3072+384+1)
  26
  27 #ifndef _WIN32
  28 #include <termios.h>
  29 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  30 #include <unistd.h>
  31
  32 int ukbhit(void)
  33 {
  34   int cnt = 0;
  35   int error;
  36   static struct termios Otty, Ntty;
  37
  38   if ( tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO, &Otty) == -1 ) return -1;
  39   Ntty = Otty;
  40
  41   Ntty.c_iflag          = 0x0000;   // input mode
  42   Ntty.c_oflag          = 0x0000;   // output mode
  43   Ntty.c_lflag         &= ~ICANON;  // control mode = raw
  44   Ntty.c_cc[VMIN]       = 1;        // return if at least 1 character is in the queue
  45   Ntty.c_cc[VTIME]      = 0;        // no timeout. Wait forever
  46
  47   if (0 == (error = tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &Ntty))) {   // set new attributes
  48         error += ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, FIONREAD, &cnt);                 // get number of characters availabe
  49         error += tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &Otty);             // reset attributes
  50   }
  51
  52   return ( error == 0 ? cnt : -1 );
  53 }
  54
  55 char getch(void)
  56 {
  57         char c;
  58         int error;
  59         struct termios Otty, Ntty;
  60         if ( tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO, &Otty) == -1 ) return -1;
  61         Ntty = Otty;
  62         Ntty.c_lflag &= ~ICANON; /* disable buffered i/o */
  63         if (0 == (error = tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &Ntty))) {   // set new attributes
  64                 c = getchar();
  65                 error += tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &Otty);           // reset attributes
  66         }
  67         return ( error == 0 ? c : -1 );
  68 }
  69
  70 #else // _WIN32
  71
  72 #include <conio.h>
  73 int ukbhit(void) {
  74         return kbhit();
  75 }
  76 #endif
  77
  78 // log files functions
  79 void AddLogLine(char *file, char *extData, char *c) {
  80         FILE *fLog = NULL;
  81         char filename[FILE_PATH_SIZE] = {0x00};
  82         int len = 0;
  83
  84         len = strlen(file);
  85         if (len > FILE_PATH_SIZE) len = FILE_PATH_SIZE;
  86         memcpy(filename, file, len);
  87
  88         fLog = fopen(filename, "a");
  89         if (!fLog) {
  90                 printf("Could not append log file %s", filename);
  91                 return;
  92         }
  93
  94         fprintf(fLog, "%s", extData);
  95         fprintf(fLog, "%s\n", c);
  96         fclose(fLog);
  97 }
  98
  99 void AddLogHex(char *fileName, char *extData, const uint8_t * data, const size_t len){
 100         AddLogLine(fileName, extData, sprint_hex(data, len));
 101 }
 102
 103 void AddLogUint64(char *fileName, char *extData, const uint64_t data) {
 104   char buf[100] = {0};
 105         sprintf(buf, "%x%x", (unsigned int)((data & 0xFFFFFFFF00000000) >> 32), (unsigned int)(data & 0xFFFFFFFF));
 106         AddLogLine(fileName, extData, buf);
 107 }
 108
 109 void AddLogCurrentDT(char *fileName) {
 110         char buff[20];
 111         struct tm *curTime;
 112
 113         time_t now = time(0);
 114         curTime = gmtime(&now);
 115
 116         strftime (buff, sizeof(buff), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", curTime);
 117         AddLogLine(fileName, "\nanticollision: ", buff);
 118 }
 119
 120 void FillFileNameByUID(char *fileName, uint8_t *uid, char *ext, int byteCount) {
 121         char * fnameptr = fileName;
 122
 123         for (int j = 0; j < byteCount; j++, fnameptr += 2)
 124                 sprintf(fnameptr, "%02x", (unsigned int) uid[j]);
 125         sprintf(fnameptr, "%s", ext);
 126 }
 127
 128 // fill buffer from structure [{uint8_t data, size_t length},...]
 129 int FillBuffer(uint8_t *data, size_t maxDataLength, size_t *dataLength, ...) {
 130         *dataLength = 0;
 131         va_list valist;
 132         va_start(valist, dataLength);
 133
 134         uint8_t *vdata = NULL;
 135         size_t vlength = 0;
 136         do{
 137                 vdata = va_arg(valist, uint8_t *);
 138                 if (!vdata)
 139                         break;
 140
 141                 vlength = va_arg(valist, size_t);
 142                 if (*dataLength + vlength >  maxDataLength) {
 143                         va_end(valist);
 144                         return 1;
 145                 }
 146
 147                 memcpy(&data[*dataLength], vdata, vlength);
 148                 *dataLength += vlength;
 149
 150         } while (vdata);
 151
 152         va_end(valist);
 153
 154         return 0;
 155 }
 156
 157 bool CheckStringIsHEXValue(const char *value) {
 158         for (int i = 0; i < strlen(value); i++)
 159                 if (!isxdigit(value[i]))
 160                         return false;
 161
 162         if (strlen(value) % 2)
 163                 return false;
 164
 165         return true;
 166 }
 167
 168 void hex_to_buffer(const uint8_t *buf, const uint8_t *hex_data, const size_t hex_len, const size_t hex_max_len,
 169         const size_t min_str_len, const size_t spaces_between, bool uppercase) {
 170
 171         char *tmp = (char *)buf;
 172
 173         int maxLen = (hex_len > hex_max_len) ? hex_max_len : hex_len;
 174
 175         for (int i = 0; i < maxLen; ++i, tmp += 2 + spaces_between) {
 176                 sprintf(tmp, (uppercase) ? "%02X" : "%02x", (unsigned int) hex_data[i]);
 177
 178                 if (i != maxLen - 1)
 179                         for (int j = 0; j < spaces_between; j++)
 180                                 sprintf(tmp + 2 + j, " ");
 181         }
 182
 183         size_t len = strlen(tmp);
 184         int minStrLen = min_str_len > len ? min_str_len : 0;
 185         if (minStrLen > hex_max_len)
 186                 minStrLen = hex_max_len;
 187         for (int i = len; i < minStrLen; i++, tmp += 1)
 188                 sprintf(tmp, " ");
 189
 190         return;
 191 }
 192
 193 // printing and converting functions
 194
 195 char *sprint_hex(const uint8_t *data, const size_t len) {
 196         static char buf[4097] = {0};
 197
 198         hex_to_buffer((uint8_t *)buf, data, len, sizeof(buf) - 1, 0, 1, false);
 199
 200         return buf;
 201 }
 202
 203 char *sprint_hex_inrow_ex(const uint8_t *data, const size_t len, const size_t min_str_len) {
 204         static char buf[4097] = {0};
 205
 206         hex_to_buffer((uint8_t *)buf, data, len, sizeof(buf) - 1, min_str_len, 0, false);
 207
 208         return buf;
 209 }
 210
 211 char *sprint_hex_inrow(const uint8_t *data, const size_t len) {
 212         return sprint_hex_inrow_ex(data, len, 0);
 213 }
 214
 215 char *sprint_bin_break(const uint8_t *data, const size_t len, const uint8_t breaks) {
 216         // make sure we don't go beyond our char array memory
 217         int max_len;
 218         if (breaks==0)
 219                 max_len = ( len > MAX_BIN_BREAK_LENGTH ) ? MAX_BIN_BREAK_LENGTH : len;
 220         else
 221                 max_len = ( len+(len/breaks) > MAX_BIN_BREAK_LENGTH ) ? MAX_BIN_BREAK_LENGTH : len+(len/breaks);
 222
 223         static char buf[MAX_BIN_BREAK_LENGTH]; // 3072 + end of line characters if broken at 8 bits
 224         //clear memory
 225         memset(buf, 0x00, sizeof(buf));
 226         char *tmp = buf;
 227
 228         size_t in_index = 0;
 229         // loop through the out_index to make sure we don't go too far
 230         for (size_t out_index=0; out_index < max_len; out_index++) {
 231                 // set character - (should be binary but verify it isn't more than 1 digit)
 232                 if (data[in_index]<10)
 233                         sprintf(tmp++, "%u", (unsigned int) data[in_index]);
 234                 // check if a line break is needed and we have room to print it in our array
 235                 if ( (breaks > 0) && !((in_index+1) % breaks) && (out_index+1 < max_len) ) {
 236                         // increment and print line break
 237                         out_index++;
 238                         sprintf(tmp++, "%s","\n");
 239                 }
 240                 in_index++;
 241         }
 242
 243         return buf;
 244 }
 245
 246 char *sprint_bin(const uint8_t *data, const size_t len) {
 247         return sprint_bin_break(data, len, 0);
 248 }
 249
 250 char *sprint_ascii_ex(const uint8_t *data, const size_t len, const size_t min_str_len) {
 251         static char buf[1024];
 252         char *tmp = buf;
 253         memset(buf, 0x00, 1024);
 254         size_t max_len = (len > 1010) ? 1010 : len;
 255         size_t i = 0;
 256         while(i < max_len){
 257                 char c = data[i];
 258                 tmp[i] = ((c < 32) || (c == 127)) ? '.' : c;
 259                 ++i;
 260         }
 261
 262         int minStrLen = min_str_len > i ? min_str_len : 0;
 263         for(; i < minStrLen; ++i)
 264                 tmp[i] = ' ';
 265
 266         return buf;
 267 }
 268
 269 char *sprint_ascii(const uint8_t *data, const size_t len) {
 270         return sprint_ascii_ex(data, len, 0);
 271 }
 272
 273 void num_to_bytes(uint64_t n, size_t len, uint8_t* dest)
 274 {
 275         while (len--) {
 276                 dest[len] = (uint8_t) n;
 277                 n >>= 8;
 278         }
 279 }
 280
 281 uint64_t bytes_to_num(uint8_t* src, size_t len)
 282 {
 283         uint64_t num = 0;
 284         while (len--)
 285         {
 286                 num = (num << 8) | (*src);
 287                 src++;
 288         }
 289         return num;
 290 }
 291
 292 void num_to_bytebits(uint64_t   n, size_t len, uint8_t *dest) {
 293         while (len--) {
 294                 dest[len] = n & 1;
 295                 n >>= 1;
 296         }
 297 }
 298
 299 //least significant bit first
 300 void num_to_bytebitsLSBF(uint64_t n, size_t len, uint8_t *dest) {
 301         for(int i = 0 ; i < len ; ++i) {
 302                 dest[i] =  n & 1;
 303                 n >>= 1;
 304         }
 305 }
 306
 307 // Swap bit order on a uint32_t value.  Can be limited by nrbits just use say 8bits reversal
 308 // And clears the rest of the bits.
 309 uint32_t SwapBits(uint32_t value, int nrbits) {
 310         uint32_t newvalue = 0;
 311         for(int i = 0; i < nrbits; i++) {
 312                 newvalue ^= ((value >> i) & 1) << (nrbits - 1 - i);
 313         }
 314         return newvalue;
 315 }
 316
 317 // aa,bb,cc,dd,ee,ff,gg,hh, ii,jj,kk,ll,mm,nn,oo,pp
 318 // to
 319 // hh,gg,ff,ee,dd,cc,bb,aa, pp,oo,nn,mm,ll,kk,jj,ii
 320 // up to 64 bytes or 512 bits
 321 uint8_t *SwapEndian64(const uint8_t *src, const size_t len, const uint8_t blockSize){
 322         static uint8_t buf[64];
 323         memset(buf, 0x00, 64);
 324         for (uint8_t block=0; block < (uint8_t)(len/blockSize); block++){
 325                 for (size_t i = 0; i < blockSize; i++){
 326                         buf[i+(blockSize*block)] = src[(blockSize-1-i)+(blockSize*block)];
 327                 }
 328         }
 329         return buf;
 330 }
 331
 332 //assumes little endian
 333 char *printBits(size_t const size, void const * const ptr)
 334 {
 335         unsigned char *b = (unsigned char*) ptr;
 336         unsigned char byte;
 337         static char buf[1024];
 338         char *tmp = buf;
 339         int i, j;
 340
 341         for (i=size-1;i>=0;i--)
 342         {
 343                 for (j=7;j>=0;j--)
 344                 {
 345                         byte = b[i] & (1<<j);
 346                         byte >>= j;
 347                         sprintf(tmp, "%u", (unsigned int)byte);
 348                         tmp++;
 349                 }
 350         }
 351         return buf;
 352 }
 353
 354 char *printBitsPar(const uint8_t *b, size_t len) {
 355         static char buf1[512] = {0};
 356         static char buf2[512] = {0};
 357         static char *buf;
 358         if (buf != buf1)
 359                 buf = buf1;
 360         else
 361                 buf = buf2;
 362         memset(buf, 0x00, 512);
 363
 364         for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 365                 buf[i] = ((b[i / 8] << (i % 8)) & 0x80) ? '1':'0';
 366         }
 367         return buf;
 368 }
 369
 370
 371 //  -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 372 //  string parameters lib
 373 //  -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 374
 375 //  -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 376 //  line     - param line
 377 //  bg, en   - symbol numbers in param line of beginning and ending parameter
 378 //  paramnum - param number (from 0)
 379 //  -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 380 int param_getptr(const char *line, int *bg, int *en, int paramnum)
 381 {
 382         int i;
 383         int len = strlen(line);
 384
 385         *bg = 0;
 386         *en = 0;
 387
 388   // skip spaces
 389         while (line[*bg] ==' ' || line[*bg]=='\t') (*bg)++;
 390         if (*bg >= len) {
 391                 return 1;
 392         }
 393
 394         for (i = 0; i < paramnum; i++) {
 395                 while (line[*bg]!=' ' && line[*bg]!='\t' && line[*bg] != '\0') (*bg)++;
 396                 while (line[*bg]==' ' || line[*bg]=='\t') (*bg)++;
 397
 398                 if (line[*bg] == '\0') return 1;
 399         }
 400
 401         *en = *bg;
 402         while (line[*en] != ' ' && line[*en] != '\t' && line[*en] != '\0') (*en)++;
 403
 404         (*en)--;
 405
 406         return 0;
 407 }
 408
 409
 410 int param_getlength(const char *line, int paramnum)
 411 {
 412         int bg, en;
 413
 414         if (param_getptr(line, &bg, &en, paramnum)) return 0;
 415
 416         return en - bg + 1;
 417 }
 418
 419 char param_getchar(const char *line, int paramnum) {
 420         return param_getchar_indx(line, 0, paramnum);
 421 }
 422
 423 char param_getchar_indx(const char *line, int indx, int paramnum) {
 424         int bg, en;
 425
 426         if (param_getptr(line, &bg, &en, paramnum)) return 0x00;
 427
 428         if (bg + indx > en)
 429                 return '\0';
 430
 431         return line[bg + indx];
 432 }
 433
 434 uint8_t param_get8(const char *line, int paramnum)
 435 {
 436         return param_get8ex(line, paramnum, 0, 10);
 437 }
 438
 439 /**
 440  * @brief Reads a decimal integer (actually, 0-254, not 255)
 441  * @param line
 442  * @param paramnum
 443  * @return -1 if error
 444  */
 445 uint8_t param_getdec(const char *line, int paramnum, uint8_t *destination)
 446 {
 447         uint8_t val =  param_get8ex(line, paramnum, 255, 10);
 448         if( (int8_t) val == -1) return 1;
 449         (*destination) = val;
 450         return 0;
 451 }
 452 /**
 453  * @brief Checks if param is decimal
 454  * @param line
 455  * @param paramnum
 456  * @return
 457  */
 458 uint8_t param_isdec(const char *line, int paramnum)
 459 {
 460         int bg, en;
 461         //TODO, check more thorougly
 462         if (!param_getptr(line, &bg, &en, paramnum)) return 1;
 463                 //      return strtoul(&line[bg], NULL, 10) & 0xff;
 464
 465         return 0;
 466 }
 467
 468 uint8_t param_get8ex(const char *line, int paramnum, int deflt, int base)
 469 {
 470         int bg, en;
 471
 472         if (!param_getptr(line, &bg, &en, paramnum))
 473                 return strtoul(&line[bg], NULL, base) & 0xff;
 474         else
 475                 return deflt;
 476 }
 477
 478 uint32_t param_get32ex(const char *line, int paramnum, int deflt, int base)
 479 {
 480         int bg, en;
 481
 482         if (!param_getptr(line, &bg, &en, paramnum))
 483                 return strtoul(&line[bg], NULL, base);
 484         else
 485                 return deflt;
 486 }
 487
 488 uint64_t param_get64ex(const char *line, int paramnum, int deflt, int base)
 489 {
 490         int bg, en;
 491
 492         if (!param_getptr(line, &bg, &en, paramnum))
 493                 return strtoull(&line[bg], NULL, base);
 494         else
 495                 return deflt;
 496 }
 497
 498 int param_gethex(const char *line, int paramnum, uint8_t *data, int hexcnt)
 499 {
 500         int bg, en, temp, i;
 501
 502         if (hexcnt % 2)
 503                 return 1;
 504
 505         if (param_getptr(line, &bg, &en, paramnum)) return 1;
 506
 507         if (en - bg + 1 != hexcnt)
 508                 return 1;
 509
 510         for(i = 0; i < hexcnt; i += 2) {
 511                 if (!(isxdigit((unsigned char)line[bg + i]) && isxdigit((unsigned char)line[bg + i + 1])) ) return 1;
 512
 513                 sscanf((char[]){line[bg + i], line[bg + i + 1], 0}, "%X", &temp);
 514                 data[i / 2] = temp & 0xff;
 515         }
 516
 517         return 0;
 518 }
 519
 520 int param_gethex_ex(const char *line, int paramnum, uint8_t *data, int *hexcnt)
 521 {
 522         int bg, en, temp, i;
 523
 524         //if (hexcnt % 2)
 525         //  return 1;
 526
 527         if (param_getptr(line, &bg, &en, paramnum)) return 1;
 528
 529         if (en - bg + 1 > *hexcnt) return 1;
 530
 531         *hexcnt = en - bg + 1;
 532         if (*hexcnt % 2) //error if not complete hex bytes
 533                 return 1;
 534
 535         for(i = 0; i < *hexcnt; i += 2) {
 536                 if (!(isxdigit((unsigned char)line[bg + i]) && isxdigit((unsigned char)line[bg + i + 1])) ) return 1;
 537
 538                 sscanf((char[]){line[bg + i], line[bg + i + 1], 0}, "%X", &temp);
 539                 data[i / 2] = temp & 0xff;
 540         }
 541
 542         return 0;
 543 }
 544
 545 int param_gethex_to_eol(const char *line, int paramnum, uint8_t * data, int maxdatalen, int *datalen) {
 546         int bg, en;
 547         uint32_t temp;
 548         char buf[5] = {0};
 549
 550         if (param_getptr(line, &bg, &en, paramnum)) return 1;
 551
 552         *datalen = 0;
 553
 554         int indx = bg;
 555         while (line[indx]) {
 556                 if (line[indx] == '\t' || line[indx] == ' ') {
 557                         indx++;
 558                         continue;
 559                 }
 560
 561                 if (isxdigit((unsigned char)line[indx])) {
 562                         buf[strlen(buf) + 1] = 0x00;
 563                         buf[strlen(buf)] = line[indx];
 564                 } else {
 565                         // if we have symbols other than spaces and hex
 566                         return 1;
 567                 }
 568
 569                 if (*datalen >= maxdatalen) {
 570                         // if we dont have space in buffer and have symbols to translate
 571                         return 2;
 572                 }
 573
 574                 if (strlen(buf) >= 2) {
 575                         sscanf(buf, "%x", &temp);
 576                         data[*datalen] = (uint8_t)(temp & 0xff);
 577                         *buf = 0;
 578                         (*datalen)++;
 579                 }
 580
 581                 indx++;
 582         }
 583
 584         if (strlen(buf) > 0)
 585                 //error when not completed hex bytes
 586                 return 3;
 587
 588         return 0;
 589 }
 590
 591 int param_getstr(const char *line, int paramnum, char * str, size_t buffersize)
 592 {
 593         int bg, en;
 594
 595         if (param_getptr(line, &bg, &en, paramnum)) {
 596                 return 0;
 597         }
 598
 599         // Prevent out of bounds errors
 600         if (en - bg + 1 >= buffersize) {
 601                 printf("out of bounds error: want %d bytes have %zd bytes\n", en - bg + 1 + 1, buffersize);
 602                 return 0;
 603         }
 604
 605         memcpy(str, line + bg, en - bg + 1);
 606         str[en - bg + 1] = 0;
 607
 608         return en - bg + 1;
 609 }
 610
 611 /*
 612 The following methods comes from Rfidler sourcecode.
 613 https://github.com/ApertureLabsLtd/RFIDler/blob/master/firmware/Pic32/RFIDler.X/src/
 614 */
 615
 616 // convert hex to sequence of 0/1 bit values
 617 // returns number of bits converted
 618 int hextobinarray(char *target, char *source)
 619 {
 620         int length, i, count= 0;
 621         char* start = source;
 622         char x;
 623
 624         length = strlen(source);
 625         // process 4 bits (1 hex digit) at a time
 626         while(length--)
 627         {
 628                 x= *(source++);
 629                 // capitalize
 630                 if (x >= 'a' && x <= 'f')
 631                         x -= 32;
 632                 // convert to numeric value
 633                 if (x >= '0' && x <= '9')
 634                         x -= '0';
 635                 else if (x >= 'A' && x <= 'F')
 636                         x -= 'A' - 10;
 637                 else {
 638                         printf("Discovered unknown character %c %d at idx %tu of %s\n", x, x, source - start, start);
 639                         return 0;
 640                 }
 641                 // output
 642                 for(i= 0 ; i < 4 ; ++i, ++count)
 643                         *(target++)= (x >> (3 - i)) & 1;
 644         }
 645
 646         return count;
 647 }
 648
 649 // convert binary array of 0x00/0x01 values to hex (safe to do in place as target will always be shorter than source)
 650 // return number of bits converted
 651 int binarraytohex(char *target,char *source, int length)
 652 {
 653         unsigned char i, x;
 654         int j = length;
 655
 656         if(j % 4)
 657                 return 0;
 658
 659         while(j)
 660         {
 661                 for(i= x= 0 ; i < 4 ; ++i)
 662                         x +=  ( source[i] << (3 - i));
 663                 sprintf(target,"%X", (unsigned int)x);
 664                 ++target;
 665                 source += 4;
 666                 j -= 4;
 667         }
 668         return length;
 669 }
 670
 671 // return parity bit required to match type
 672 uint8_t GetParity( uint8_t *bits, uint8_t type, int length)
 673 {
 674         int x;
 675
 676         for(x= 0 ; length > 0 ; --length)
 677                 x += bits[length - 1];
 678         x %= 2;
 679
 680         return x ^ type;
 681 }
 682
 683 // add HID parity to binary array: EVEN prefix for 1st half of ID, ODD suffix for 2nd half
 684 void wiegand_add_parity(uint8_t *target, uint8_t *source, uint8_t length)
 685 {
 686         *(target++)= GetParity(source, EVEN, length / 2);
 687         memcpy(target, source, length);
 688         target += length;
 689         *(target)= GetParity(source + length / 2, ODD, length / 2);
 690 }
 691
 692 // xor two arrays together for len items.  The dst array contains the new xored values.
 693 void xor(unsigned char *dst, unsigned char *src, size_t len) {
 694    for( ; len > 0; len--,dst++,src++)
 695            *dst ^= *src;
 696 }
 697
 698 // RotateLeft - Ultralight, Desfire, works on byte level
 699 // 00-01-02  >> 01-02-00
 700 void rol(uint8_t *data, const size_t len){
 701         uint8_t first = data[0];
 702         for (size_t i = 0; i < len-1; i++) {
 703                 data[i] = data[i+1];
 704         }
 705         data[len-1] = first;
 706 }
 707
 708
 709 // Replace unprintable characters with a dot in char buffer
 710 void clean_ascii(unsigned char *buf, size_t len) {
 711   for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 712         if (!isprint(buf[i]))
 713           buf[i] = '.';
 714   }
 715 }
 716
 717 // replace \r \n to \0
 718 void strcleanrn(char *buf, size_t len) {
 719         strcreplace(buf, len, '\n', '\0');
 720         strcreplace(buf, len, '\r', '\0');
 721 }
 722
 723 // replace char in buffer
 724 void strcreplace(char *buf, size_t len, char from, char to) {
 725   for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 726         if (buf[i] == from)
 727           buf[i] = to;
 728   }
 729 }
 730
 731 char *strmcopy(char *buf) {
 732         char * str = NULL;
 733         if ((str = (char*) malloc(strlen(buf) + 1)) != NULL) {
 734                 memset(str, 0, strlen(buf) + 1);
 735                 strcpy(str, buf);
 736         }
 737         return str;
 738 }
 739
 740
 741 // determine number of logical CPU cores (use for multithreaded functions)
 742 extern int num_CPUs(void)
 743 {
 744 #if defined(_WIN32)
 745         #include <sysinfoapi.h>
 746         SYSTEM_INFO sysinfo;
 747         GetSystemInfo(&sysinfo);
 748         return sysinfo.dwNumberOfProcessors;
 749 #elif defined(__linux__) || defined(__APPLE__)
 750         #include <unistd.h>
 751         return sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
 752 #else
 753         return 1;
 754 #endif
 755 }
 756