[proxmark3-svn] / zlib / deflate.c

/* deflate.c -- compress data using the deflation algorithm
 * Copyright (C) 1995-2013 Jean-loup Gailly and Mark Adler
 * For conditions of distribution and use, see copyright notice in zlib.h
 */

/*
 *  ALGORITHM
 *
 *      The "deflation" process depends on being able to identify portions
 *      of the input text which are identical to earlier input (within a
 *      sliding window trailing behind the input currently being processed).
 *
 *      The most straightforward technique turns out to be the fastest for
 *      most input files: try all possible matches and select the longest.
 *      The key feature of this algorithm is that insertions into the string
 *      dictionary are very simple and thus fast, and deletions are avoided
 *      completely. Insertions are performed at each input character, whereas
 *      string matches are performed only when the previous match ends. So it
 *      is preferable to spend more time in matches to allow very fast string
 *      insertions and avoid deletions. The matching algorithm for small
 *      strings is inspired from that of Rabin & Karp. A brute force approach
 *      is used to find longer strings when a small match has been found.
 *      A similar algorithm is used in comic (by Jan-Mark Wams) and freeze
 *      (by Leonid Broukhis).
 *         A previous version of this file used a more sophisticated algorithm
 *      (by Fiala and Greene) which is guaranteed to run in linear amortized
 *      time, but has a larger average cost, uses more memory and is patented.
 *      However the F&G algorithm may be faster for some highly redundant
 *      files if the parameter max_chain_length (described below) is too large.
 *
 *  ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
 *
 *      The idea of lazy evaluation of matches is due to Jan-Mark Wams, and
 *      I found it in 'freeze' written by Leonid Broukhis.
 *      Thanks to many people for bug reports and testing.
 *
 *  REFERENCES
 *
 *      Deutsch, L.P.,"DEFLATE Compressed Data Format Specification".
 *      Available in http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1951
 *
 *      A description of the Rabin and Karp algorithm is given in the book
 *         "Algorithms" by R. Sedgewick, Addison-Wesley, p252.
 *
 *      Fiala,E.R., and Greene,D.H.
 *         Data Compression with Finite Windows, Comm.ACM, 32,4 (1989) 490-595
 *
 */

/* @(#) $Id$ */

#include "deflate.h"

const char deflate_copyright[] =
   " deflate 1.2.8 Copyright 1995-2013 Jean-loup Gailly and Mark Adler ";
/*
  If you use the zlib library in a product, an acknowledgment is welcome
  in the documentation of your product. If for some reason you cannot
  include such an acknowledgment, I would appreciate that you keep this
  copyright string in the executable of your product.
 */

/* ===========================================================================
 *  Function prototypes.
 */
typedef enum {
    need_more,      /* block not completed, need more input or more output */
    block_done,     /* block flush performed */
    finish_started, /* finish started, need only more output at next deflate */
    finish_done     /* finish done, accept no more input or output */
} block_state;

typedef block_state (*compress_func) OF((deflate_state *s, int flush));
/* Compression function. Returns the block state after the call. */

local void fill_window    OF((deflate_state *s));
local block_state deflate_stored OF((deflate_state *s, int flush));
local block_state deflate_fast   OF((deflate_state *s, int flush));
#ifndef FASTEST
local block_state deflate_slow   OF((deflate_state *s, int flush));
#endif
local block_state deflate_rle    OF((deflate_state *s, int flush));
local block_state deflate_huff   OF((deflate_state *s, int flush));
local void lm_init        OF((deflate_state *s));
local void putShortMSB    OF((deflate_state *s, uInt b));
local void flush_pending  OF((z_streamp strm));
local int read_buf        OF((z_streamp strm, Bytef *buf, unsigned size));
#ifdef ASMV
      void match_init OF((void)); /* asm code initialization */
      uInt longest_match  OF((deflate_state *s, IPos cur_match));
#else
local uInt longest_match  OF((deflate_state *s, IPos cur_match));
#endif

#ifdef DEBUG
local  void check_match OF((deflate_state *s, IPos start, IPos match,
                            int length));
#endif

/* ===========================================================================
 * Local data
 */

#define NIL 0
/* Tail of hash chains */

#ifndef TOO_FAR
#  define TOO_FAR 4096
#endif
/* Matches of length 3 are discarded if their distance exceeds TOO_FAR */

/* Values for max_lazy_match, good_match and max_chain_length, depending on
 * the desired pack level (0..9). The values given below have been tuned to
 * exclude worst case performance for pathological files. Better values may be
 * found for specific files.
 */
typedef struct config_s {
   ush good_length; /* reduce lazy search above this match length */
   ush max_lazy;    /* do not perform lazy search above this match length */
   ush nice_length; /* quit search above this match length */
   ush max_chain;
   compress_func func;
} config;

#ifdef FASTEST
local const config configuration_table[2] = {
/*      good lazy nice chain */
/* 0 */ {0,    0,  0,    0, deflate_stored},  /* store only */
/* 1 */ {4,    4,  8,    4, deflate_fast}}; /* max speed, no lazy matches */
#else
local const config configuration_table[10] = {
/*      good lazy nice chain */
/* 0 */ {0,    0,  0,    0, deflate_stored},  /* store only */
/* 1 */ {4,    4,  8,    4, deflate_fast}, /* max speed, no lazy matches */
/* 2 */ {4,    5, 16,    8, deflate_fast},
/* 3 */ {4,    6, 32,   32, deflate_fast},

/* 4 */ {4,    4, 16,   16, deflate_slow},  /* lazy matches */
/* 5 */ {8,   16, 32,   32, deflate_slow},
/* 6 */ {8,   16, 128, 128, deflate_slow},
/* 7 */ {8,   32, 128, 256, deflate_slow},
/* 8 */ {32, 128, 258, 1024, deflate_slow},
/* 9 */ {32, 258, 258, 4096, deflate_slow}}; /* max compression */
#endif

/* Note: the deflate() code requires max_lazy >= MIN_MATCH and max_chain >= 4
 * For deflate_fast() (levels <= 3) good is ignored and lazy has a different
 * meaning.
 */

#define EQUAL 0
/* result of memcmp for equal strings */

#ifndef NO_DUMMY_DECL
struct static_tree_desc_s {int dummy;}; /* for buggy compilers */
#endif

/* rank Z_BLOCK between Z_NO_FLUSH and Z_PARTIAL_FLUSH */
#define RANK(f) (((f) << 1) - ((f) > 4 ? 9 : 0))

/* ===========================================================================
 * Update a hash value with the given input byte
 * IN  assertion: all calls to to UPDATE_HASH are made with consecutive
 *    input characters, so that a running hash key can be computed from the
 *    previous key instead of complete recalculation each time.
 */
#define UPDATE_HASH(s,h,c) (h = (((h)<<s->hash_shift) ^ (c)) & s->hash_mask)


/* ===========================================================================
 * Insert string str in the dictionary and set match_head to the previous head
 * of the hash chain (the most recent string with same hash key). Return
 * the previous length of the hash chain.
 * If this file is compiled with -DFASTEST, the compression level is forced
 * to 1, and no hash chains are maintained.
 * IN  assertion: all calls to to INSERT_STRING are made with consecutive
 *    input characters and the first MIN_MATCH bytes of str are valid
 *    (except for the last MIN_MATCH-1 bytes of the input file).
 */
#ifdef FASTEST
#define INSERT_STRING(s, str, match_head) \
   (UPDATE_HASH(s, s->ins_h, s->window[(str) + (MIN_MATCH-1)]), \
    match_head = s->head[s->ins_h], \
    s->head[s->ins_h] = (Pos)(str))
#else
#define INSERT_STRING(s, str, match_head) \
   (UPDATE_HASH(s, s->ins_h, s->window[(str) + (MIN_MATCH-1)]), \
    match_head = s->prev[(str) & s->w_mask] = s->head[s->ins_h], \
    s->head[s->ins_h] = (Pos)(str))
#endif

/* ===========================================================================
 * Initialize the hash table (avoiding 64K overflow for 16 bit systems).
 * prev[] will be initialized on the fly.
 */
#define CLEAR_HASH(s) \
    s->head[s->hash_size-1] = NIL; \
    zmemzero((Bytef *)s->head, (unsigned)(s->hash_size-1)*sizeof(*s->head));

/* ========================================================================= */
int ZEXPORT deflateInit_(strm, level, version, stream_size)
    z_streamp strm;
    int level;
    const char *version;
    int stream_size;
{
    return deflateInit2_(strm, level, Z_DEFLATED, MAX_WBITS, DEF_MEM_LEVEL,
                         Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY, version, stream_size);
    /* To do: ignore strm->next_in if we use it as window */
}

/* ========================================================================= */
int ZEXPORT deflateInit2_(strm, level, method, windowBits, memLevel, strategy,
                  version, stream_size)
    z_streamp strm;
    int  level;
    int  method;
    int  windowBits;
    int  memLevel;
    int  strategy;
    const char *version;
    int stream_size;
{
    deflate_state *s;
    int wrap = 1;
    static const char my_version[] = ZLIB_VERSION;

    ushf *overlay;
    /* We overlay pending_buf and d_buf+l_buf. This works since the average
     * output size for (length,distance) codes is <= 24 bits.
     */

    if (version == Z_NULL || version[0] != my_version[0] ||
        stream_size != sizeof(z_stream)) {
        return Z_VERSION_ERROR;
    }
    if (strm == Z_NULL) return Z_STREAM_ERROR;

    strm->msg = Z_NULL;
    if (strm->zalloc == (alloc_func)0) {
#ifdef Z_SOLO
        return Z_STREAM_ERROR;
#else
        strm->zalloc = zcalloc;
        strm->opaque = (voidpf)0;
#endif
    }
    if (strm->zfree == (free_func)0)
#ifdef Z_SOLO
        return Z_STREAM_ERROR;
#else
        strm->zfree = zcfree;
#endif

#ifdef FASTEST
    if (level != 0) level = 1;
#else
    if (level == Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION) level = 6;
#endif

    if (windowBits < 0) { /* suppress zlib wrapper */
        wrap = 0;
        windowBits = -windowBits;
    }
#ifdef GZIP
    else if (windowBits > 15) {
        wrap = 2;       /* write gzip wrapper instead */
        windowBits -= 16;
    }
#endif
    if (memLevel < 1 || memLevel > MAX_MEM_LEVEL || method != Z_DEFLATED ||
        windowBits < 8 || windowBits > 15 || level < 0 || level > 9 ||
        strategy < 0 || strategy > Z_FIXED) {
        return Z_STREAM_ERROR;
    }
    if (windowBits == 8) windowBits = 9;  /* until 256-byte window bug fixed */
    s = (deflate_state *) ZALLOC(strm, 1, sizeof(deflate_state));
    if (s == Z_NULL) return Z_MEM_ERROR;
    strm->state = (struct internal_state FAR *)s;
    s->strm = strm;

    s->wrap = wrap;
    s->gzhead = Z_NULL;
    s->w_bits = windowBits;
    s->w_size = 1 << s->w_bits;
    s->w_mask = s->w_size - 1;

    s->hash_bits = memLevel + 7;
    s->hash_size = 1 << s->hash_bits;
    s->hash_mask = s->hash_size - 1;
    s->hash_shift =  ((s->hash_bits+MIN_MATCH-1)/MIN_MATCH);

    s->window = (Bytef *) ZALLOC(strm, s->w_size, 2*sizeof(Byte));
    s->prev   = (Posf *)  ZALLOC(strm, s->w_size, sizeof(Pos));
    s->head   = (Posf *)  ZALLOC(strm, s->hash_size, sizeof(Pos));

    s->high_water = 0;      /* nothing written to s->window yet */

    s->lit_bufsize = 1 << (memLevel + 6); /* 16K elements by default */

    overlay = (ushf *) ZALLOC(strm, s->lit_bufsize, sizeof(ush)+2);
    s->pending_buf = (uchf *) overlay;
    s->pending_buf_size = (ulg)s->lit_bufsize * (sizeof(ush)+2L);

    if (s->window == Z_NULL || s->prev == Z_NULL || s->head == Z_NULL ||
        s->pending_buf == Z_NULL) {
        s->status = FINISH_STATE;
        strm->msg = ERR_MSG(Z_MEM_ERROR);
        deflateEnd (strm);
        return Z_MEM_ERROR;
    }
    s->d_buf = overlay + s->lit_bufsize/sizeof(ush);
    s->l_buf = s->pending_buf + (1+sizeof(ush))*s->lit_bufsize;

    s->level = level;
    s->strategy = strategy;
    s->method = (Byte)method;

    return deflateReset(strm);
}

/* ========================================================================= */
int ZEXPORT deflateSetDictionary (strm, dictionary, dictLength)
    z_streamp strm;
    const Bytef *dictionary;
    uInt  dictLength;
{
    deflate_state *s;
    uInt str, n;
    int wrap;
    unsigned avail;
    z_const unsigned char *next;

    if (strm == Z_NULL || strm->state == Z_NULL || dictionary == Z_NULL)
        return Z_STREAM_ERROR;
    s = strm->state;
    wrap = s->wrap;
    if (wrap == 2 || (wrap == 1 && s->status != INIT_STATE) || s->lookahead)
        return Z_STREAM_ERROR;

    /* when using zlib wrappers, compute Adler-32 for provided dictionary */
    if (wrap == 1)
        strm->adler = adler32(strm->adler, dictionary, dictLength);
    s->wrap = 0;                    /* avoid computing Adler-32 in read_buf */

    /* if dictionary would fill window, just replace the history */
    if (dictLength >= s->w_size) {
        if (wrap == 0) {            /* already empty otherwise */
            CLEAR_HASH(s);
            s->strstart = 0;
            s->block_start = 0L;
            s->insert = 0;
        }
        dictionary += dictLength - s->w_size;  /* use the tail */
        dictLength = s->w_size;
    }

    /* insert dictionary into window and hash */
    avail = strm->avail_in;
    next = strm->next_in;
    strm->avail_in = dictLength;
    strm->next_in = (z_const Bytef *)dictionary;
    fill_window(s);
    while (s->lookahead >= MIN_MATCH) {
        str = s->strstart;
        n = s->lookahead - (MIN_MATCH-1);
        do {
            UPDATE_HASH(s, s->ins_h, s->window[str + MIN_MATCH-1]);
#ifndef FASTEST
            s->prev[str & s->w_mask] = s->head[s->ins_h];
#endif
            s->head[s->ins_h] = (Pos)str;
            str++;
        } while (--n);
        s->strstart = str;
        s->lookahead = MIN_MATCH-1;
        fill_window(s);
    }
    s->strstart += s->lookahead;
    s->block_start = (long)s->strstart;
    s->insert = s->lookahead;
    s->lookahead = 0;
    s->match_length = s->prev_length = MIN_MATCH-1;
    s->match_available = 0;
    strm->next_in = next;
    strm->avail_in = avail;
    s->wrap = wrap;
    return Z_OK;
}

/* ========================================================================= */
int ZEXPORT deflateResetKeep (strm)
    z_streamp strm;
{
    deflate_state *s;

    if (strm == Z_NULL || strm->state == Z_NULL ||
        strm->zalloc == (alloc_func)0 || strm->zfree == (free_func)0) {
        return Z_STREAM_ERROR;
    }

    strm->total_in = strm->total_out = 0;
    strm->msg = Z_NULL; /* use zfree if we ever allocate msg dynamically */
    strm->data_type = Z_UNKNOWN;

    s = (deflate_state *)strm->state;
    s->pending = 0;
    s->pending_out = s->pending_buf;

    if (s->wrap < 0) {
        s->wrap = -s->wrap; /* was made negative by deflate(..., Z_FINISH); */
    }
    s->status = s->wrap ? INIT_STATE : BUSY_STATE;
    strm->adler =
#ifdef GZIP
        s->wrap == 2 ? crc32(0L, Z_NULL, 0) :
#endif
        adler32(0L, Z_NULL, 0);
    s->last_flush = Z_NO_FLUSH;

    _tr_init(s);

    return Z_OK;
}

/* ========================================================================= */
int ZEXPORT deflateReset (strm)
    z_streamp strm;
{
    int ret;

    ret = deflateResetKeep(strm);
    if (ret == Z_OK)
        lm_init(strm->state);
    return ret;
}

/* ========================================================================= */
int ZEXPORT deflateSetHeader (strm, head)
    z_streamp strm;
    gz_headerp head;
{
    if (strm == Z_NULL || strm->state == Z_NULL) return Z_STREAM_ERROR;
    if (strm->state->wrap != 2) return Z_STREAM_ERROR;
    strm->state->gzhead = head;
    return Z_OK;
}

/* ========================================================================= */
int ZEXPORT deflatePending (strm, pending, bits)
    unsigned *pending;
    int *bits;
    z_streamp strm;
{
    if (strm == Z_NULL || strm->state == Z_NULL) return Z_STREAM_ERROR;
    if (pending != Z_NULL)
        *pending = strm->state->pending;
    if (bits != Z_NULL)
        *bits = strm->state->bi_valid;
    return Z_OK;
}

/* ========================================================================= */
int ZEXPORT deflatePrime (strm, bits, value)
    z_streamp strm;
    int bits;
    int value;
{
    deflate_state *s;
    int put;

    if (strm == Z_NULL || strm->state == Z_NULL) return Z_STREAM_ERROR;
    s = strm->state;
    if ((Bytef *)(s->d_buf) < s->pending_out + ((Buf_size + 7) >> 3))
        return Z_BUF_ERROR;
    do {
        put = Buf_size - s->bi_valid;
        if (put > bits)
            put = bits;
        s->bi_buf |= (ush)((value & ((1 << put) - 1)) << s->bi_valid);
        s->bi_valid += put;
        _tr_flush_bits(s);
        value >>= put;
        bits -= put;
    } while (bits);
    return Z_OK;
}

/* ========================================================================= */
int ZEXPORT deflateParams(strm, level, strategy)
    z_streamp strm;
    int level;
    int strategy;
{
    deflate_state *s;
    compress_func func;
    int err = Z_OK;

    if (strm == Z_NULL || strm->state == Z_NULL) return Z_STREAM_ERROR;
    s = strm->state;

#ifdef FASTEST
    if (level != 0) level = 1;
#else
    if (level == Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION) level = 6;
#endif
    if (level < 0 || level > 9 || strategy < 0 || strategy > Z_FIXED) {
        return Z_STREAM_ERROR;
    }
    func = configuration_table[s->level].func;

    if ((strategy != s->strategy || func != configuration_table[level].func) &&
        strm->total_in != 0) {
        /* Flush the last buffer: */
        err = deflate(strm, Z_BLOCK);
        if (err == Z_BUF_ERROR && s->pending == 0)
            err = Z_OK;
    }
    if (s->level != level) {
        s->level = level;
        s->max_lazy_match   = configuration_table[level].max_lazy;
        s->good_match       = configuration_table[level].good_length;
        s->nice_match       = configuration_table[level].nice_length;
        s->max_chain_length = configuration_table[level].max_chain;
    }
    s->strategy = strategy;
    return err;
}

/* ========================================================================= */
int ZEXPORT deflateTune(strm, good_length, max_lazy, nice_length, max_chain)
    z_streamp strm;
    int good_length;
    int max_lazy;
    int nice_length;
    int max_chain;
{
    deflate_state *s;

    if (strm == Z_NULL || strm->state == Z_NULL) return Z_STREAM_ERROR;
    s = strm->state;
    s->good_match = good_length;
    s->max_lazy_match = max_lazy;
    s->nice_match = nice_length;
    s->max_chain_length = max_chain;
    return Z_OK;
}

/* =========================================================================
 * For the default windowBits of 15 and memLevel of 8, this function returns
 * a close to exact, as well as small, upper bound on the compressed size.
 * They are coded as constants here for a reason--if the #define's are
 * changed, then this function needs to be changed as well.  The return
 * value for 15 and 8 only works for those exact settings.
 *
 * For any setting other than those defaults for windowBits and memLevel,
 * the value returned is a conservative worst case for the maximum expansion
 * resulting from using fixed blocks instead of stored blocks, which deflate
 * can emit on compressed data for some combinations of the parameters.
 *
 * This function could be more sophisticated to provide closer upper bounds for
 * every combination of windowBits and memLevel.  But even the conservative
 * upper bound of about 14% expansion does not seem onerous for output buffer
 * allocation.
 */
uLong ZEXPORT deflateBound(strm, sourceLen)
    z_streamp strm;
    uLong sourceLen;
{
    deflate_state *s;
    uLong complen, wraplen;
    Bytef *str;

    /* conservative upper bound for compressed data */
    complen = sourceLen +
              ((sourceLen + 7) >> 3) + ((sourceLen + 63) >> 6) + 5;

    /* if can't get parameters, return conservative bound plus zlib wrapper */
    if (strm == Z_NULL || strm->state == Z_NULL)
        return complen + 6;

    /* compute wrapper length */
    s = strm->state;
    switch (s->wrap) {
    case 0:                                 /* raw deflate */
        wraplen = 0;
        break;
    case 1:                                 /* zlib wrapper */
        wraplen = 6 + (s->strstart ? 4 : 0);
        break;
    case 2:                                 /* gzip wrapper */
        wraplen = 18;
        if (s->gzhead != Z_NULL) {          /* user-supplied gzip header */
            if (s->gzhead->extra != Z_NULL)
                wraplen += 2 + s->gzhead->extra_len;
            str = s->gzhead->name;
            if (str != Z_NULL)
                do {
                    wraplen++;
                } while (*str++);
            str = s->gzhead->comment;
            if (str != Z_NULL)
                do {
                    wraplen++;
                } while (*str++);
            if (s->gzhead->hcrc)
                wraplen += 2;
        }
        break;
    default:                                /* for compiler happiness */
        wraplen = 6;
    }

    /* if not default parameters, return conservative bound */
    if (s->w_bits != 15 || s->hash_bits != 8 + 7)
        return complen + wraplen;

    /* default settings: return tight bound for that case */
    return sourceLen + (sourceLen >> 12) + (sourceLen >> 14) +
           (sourceLen >> 25) + 13 - 6 + wraplen;
}

/* =========================================================================
 * Put a short in the pending buffer. The 16-bit value is put in MSB order.
 * IN assertion: the stream state is correct and there is enough room in
 * pending_buf.
 */
local void putShortMSB (s, b)
    deflate_state *s;
    uInt b;
{
    put_byte(s, (Byte)(b >> 8));
    put_byte(s, (Byte)(b & 0xff));
}

/* =========================================================================
 * Flush as much pending output as possible. All deflate() output goes
 * through this function so some applications may wish to modify it
 * to avoid allocating a large strm->next_out buffer and copying into it.
 * (See also read_buf()).
 */
local void flush_pending(strm)
    z_streamp strm;
{
    unsigned len;
    deflate_state *s = strm->state;

    _tr_flush_bits(s);
    len = s->pending;
    if (len > strm->avail_out) len = strm->avail_out;
    if (len == 0) return;

    zmemcpy(strm->next_out, s->pending_out, len);
    strm->next_out  += len;
    s->pending_out  += len;
    strm->total_out += len;
    strm->avail_out  -= len;
    s->pending -= len;
    if (s->pending == 0) {
        s->pending_out = s->pending_buf;
    }
}

/* ========================================================================= */
int ZEXPORT deflate (strm, flush)
    z_streamp strm;
    int flush;
{
    int old_flush; /* value of flush param for previous deflate call */
    deflate_state *s;

    if (strm == Z_NULL || strm->state == Z_NULL ||
        flush > Z_BLOCK || flush < 0) {
        return Z_STREAM_ERROR;
    }
    s = strm->state;

    if (strm->next_out == Z_NULL ||
        (strm->next_in == Z_NULL && strm->avail_in != 0) ||
        (s->status == FINISH_STATE && flush != Z_FINISH)) {
        ERR_RETURN(strm, Z_STREAM_ERROR);
    }
    if (strm->avail_out == 0) ERR_RETURN(strm, Z_BUF_ERROR);

    s->strm = strm; /* just in case */
    old_flush = s->last_flush;
    s->last_flush = flush;

    /* Write the header */
    if (s->status == INIT_STATE) {
#ifdef GZIP
        if (s->wrap == 2) {
            strm->adler = crc32(0L, Z_NULL, 0);
            put_byte(s, 31);
            put_byte(s, 139);
            put_byte(s, 8);
            if (s->gzhead == Z_NULL) {
                put_byte(s, 0);
                put_byte(s, 0);
                put_byte(s, 0);
                put_byte(s, 0);
                put_byte(s, 0);
                put_byte(s, s->level == 9 ? 2 :
                            (s->strategy >= Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY || s->level < 2 ?
                             4 : 0));
                put_byte(s, OS_CODE);
                s->status = BUSY_STATE;
            }
            else {
                put_byte(s, (s->gzhead->text ? 1 : 0) +
                            (s->gzhead->hcrc ? 2 : 0) +
                            (s->gzhead->extra == Z_NULL ? 0 : 4) +
                            (s->gzhead->name == Z_NULL ? 0 : 8) +
                            (s->gzhead->comment == Z_NULL ? 0 : 16)
                        );
                put_byte(s, (Byte)(s->gzhead->time & 0xff));
                put_byte(s, (Byte)((s->gzhead->time >> 8) & 0xff));
                put_byte(s, (Byte)((s->gzhead->time >> 16) & 0xff));
                put_byte(s, (Byte)((s->gzhead->time >> 24) & 0xff));
                put_byte(s, s->level == 9 ? 2 :
                            (s->strategy >= Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY || s->level < 2 ?
                             4 : 0));
                put_byte(s, s->gzhead->os & 0xff);
                if (s->gzhead->extra != Z_NULL) {
                    put_byte(s, s->gzhead->extra_len & 0xff);
                    put_byte(s, (s->gzhead->extra_len >> 8) & 0xff);
                }
                if (s->gzhead->hcrc)
                    strm->adler = crc32(strm->adler, s->pending_buf,
                                        s->pending);
                s->gzindex = 0;
                s->status = EXTRA_STATE;
            }
        }
        else
#endif
        {
            uInt header = (Z_DEFLATED + ((s->w_bits-8)<<4)) << 8;
            uInt level_flags;

            if (s->strategy >= Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY || s->level < 2)
                level_flags = 0;
            else if (s->level < 6)
                level_flags = 1;
            else if (s->level == 6)
                level_flags = 2;
            else
                level_flags = 3;
            header |= (level_flags << 6);
            if (s->strstart != 0) header |= PRESET_DICT;
            header += 31 - (header % 31);

            s->status = BUSY_STATE;
            putShortMSB(s, header);

            /* Save the adler32 of the preset dictionary: */
            if (s->strstart != 0) {
                putShortMSB(s, (uInt)(strm->adler >> 16));
                putShortMSB(s, (uInt)(strm->adler & 0xffff));
            }
            strm->adler = adler32(0L, Z_NULL, 0);
        }
    }
#ifdef GZIP
    if (s->status == EXTRA_STATE) {
        if (s->gzhead->extra != Z_NULL) {
            uInt beg = s->pending;  /* start of bytes to update crc */

            while (s->gzindex < (s->gzhead->extra_len & 0xffff)) {
                if (s->pending == s->pending_buf_size) {
                    if (s->gzhead->hcrc && s->pending > beg)
                        strm->adler = crc32(strm->adler, s->pending_buf + beg,
                                            s->pending - beg);
                    flush_pending(strm);
                    beg = s->pending;
                    if (s->pending == s->pending_buf_size)
                        break;
                }
                put_byte(s, s->gzhead->extra[s->gzindex]);
                s->gzindex++;
            }
            if (s->gzhead->hcrc && s->pending > beg)
                strm->adler = crc32(strm->adler, s->pending_buf + beg,
                                    s->pending - beg);
            if (s->gzindex == s->gzhead->extra_len) {
                s->gzindex = 0;
                s->status = NAME_STATE;
            }
        }
        else
            s->status = NAME_STATE;
    }
    if (s->status == NAME_STATE) {
        if (s->gzhead->name != Z_NULL) {
            uInt beg = s->pending;  /* start of bytes to update crc */
            int val;

            do {
                if (s->pending == s->pending_buf_size) {
                    if (s->gzhead->hcrc && s->pending > beg)
                        strm->adler = crc32(strm->adler, s->pending_buf + beg,
                                            s->pending - beg);
                    flush_pending(strm);
                    beg = s->pending;
                    if (s->pending == s->pending_buf_size) {
                        val = 1;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                val = s->gzhead->name[s->gzindex++];
                put_byte(s, val);
            } while (val != 0);
            if (s->gzhead->hcrc && s->pending > beg)
                strm->adler = crc32(strm->adler, s->pending_buf + beg,
                                    s->pending - beg);
            if (val == 0) {
                s->gzindex = 0;
                s->status = COMMENT_STATE;
            }
        }
        else
            s->status = COMMENT_STATE;
    }
    if (s->status == COMMENT_STATE) {
        if (s->gzhead->comment != Z_NULL) {
            uInt beg = s->pending;  /* start of bytes to update crc */
            int val;

            do {
                if (s->pending == s->pending_buf_size) {
                    if (s->gzhead->hcrc && s->pending > beg)
                        strm->adler = crc32(strm->adler, s->pending_buf + beg,
                                            s->pending - beg);
                    flush_pending(strm);
                    beg = s->pending;
                    if (s->pending == s->pending_buf_size) {
                        val = 1;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                val = s->gzhead->comment[s->gzindex++];
                put_byte(s, val);
            } while (val != 0);
            if (s->gzhead->hcrc && s->pending > beg)
                strm->adler = crc32(strm->adler, s->pending_buf + beg,
                                    s->pending - beg);
            if (val == 0)
                s->status = HCRC_STATE;
        }
        else
            s->status = HCRC_STATE;
    }
    if (s->status == HCRC_STATE) {
        if (s->gzhead->hcrc) {
            if (s->pending + 2 > s->pending_buf_size)
                flush_pending(strm);
            if (s->pending + 2 <= s->pending_buf_size) {
                put_byte(s, (Byte)(strm->adler & 0xff));
                put_byte(s, (Byte)((strm->adler >> 8) & 0xff));
                strm->adler = crc32(0L, Z_NULL, 0);
                s->status = BUSY_STATE;
            }
        }
        else
            s->status = BUSY_STATE;
    }
#endif

    /* Flush as much pending output as possible */
    if (s->pending != 0) {
        flush_pending(strm);
        if (strm->avail_out == 0) {
            /* Since avail_out is 0, deflate will be called again with
             * more output space, but possibly with both pending and
             * avail_in equal to zero. There won't be anything to do,
             * but this is not an error situation so make sure we
             * return OK instead of BUF_ERROR at next call of deflate:
             */
            s->last_flush = -1;
            return Z_OK;
        }

    /* Make sure there is something to do and avoid duplicate consecutive
     * flushes. For repeated and useless calls with Z_FINISH, we keep
     * returning Z_STREAM_END instead of Z_BUF_ERROR.
     */
    } else if (strm->avail_in == 0 && RANK(flush) <= RANK(old_flush) &&
               flush != Z_FINISH) {
        ERR_RETURN(strm, Z_BUF_ERROR);
    }

    /* User must not provide more input after the first FINISH: */
    if (s->status == FINISH_STATE && strm->avail_in != 0) {
        ERR_RETURN(strm, Z_BUF_ERROR);
    }

    /* Start a new block or continue the current one.
     */
    if (strm->avail_in != 0 || s->lookahead != 0 ||
        (flush != Z_NO_FLUSH && s->status != FINISH_STATE)) {
        block_state bstate;

        bstate = s->strategy == Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY ? deflate_huff(s, flush) :
                    (s->strategy == Z_RLE ? deflate_rle(s, flush) :
                        (*(configuration_table[s->level].func))(s, flush));

        if (bstate == finish_started || bstate == finish_done) {
            s->status = FINISH_STATE;
        }
        if (bstate == need_more || bstate == finish_started) {
            if (strm->avail_out == 0) {
                s->last_flush = -1; /* avoid BUF_ERROR next call, see above */
            }
            return Z_OK;
            /* If flush != Z_NO_FLUSH && avail_out == 0, the next call
             * of deflate should use the same flush parameter to make sure
             * that the flush is complete. So we don't have to output an
             * empty block here, this will be done at next call. This also
             * ensures that for a very small output buffer, we emit at most
             * one empty block.
             */
        }
        if (bstate == block_done) {
            if (flush == Z_PARTIAL_FLUSH) {
                _tr_align(s);
            } else if (flush != Z_BLOCK) { /* FULL_FLUSH or SYNC_FLUSH */
                _tr_stored_block(s, (char*)0, 0L, 0);
                /* For a full flush, this empty block will be recognized
                 * as a special marker by inflate_sync().
                 */
                if (flush == Z_FULL_FLUSH) {
                    CLEAR_HASH(s);             /* forget history */
                    if (s->lookahead == 0) {
                        s->strstart = 0;
                        s->block_start = 0L;
                        s->insert = 0;
                    }
                }
            }
            flush_pending(strm);
            if (strm->avail_out == 0) {
              s->last_flush = -1; /* avoid BUF_ERROR at next call, see above */
              return Z_OK;
            }
        }
    }
    Assert(strm->avail_out > 0, "bug2");

    if (flush != Z_FINISH) return Z_OK;
    if (s->wrap <= 0) return Z_STREAM_END;

    /* Write the trailer */
#ifdef GZIP
    if (s->wrap == 2) {
        put_byte(s, (Byte)(strm->adler & 0xff));
        put_byte(s, (Byte)((strm->adler >> 8) & 0xff));
        put_byte(s, (Byte)((strm->adler >> 16) & 0xff));
        put_byte(s, (Byte)((strm->adler >> 24) & 0xff));
        put_byte(s, (Byte)(strm->total_in & 0xff));
        put_byte(s, (Byte)((strm->total_in >> 8) & 0xff));
        put_byte(s, (Byte)((strm->total_in >> 16) & 0xff));
        put_byte(s, (Byte)((strm->total_in >> 24) & 0xff));
    }
    else
#endif
    {
        putShortMSB(s, (uInt)(strm->adler >> 16));
        putShortMSB(s, (uInt)(strm->adler & 0xffff));
    }
    flush_pending(strm);
    /* If avail_out is zero, the application will call deflate again
     * to flush the rest.
     */
    if (s->wrap > 0) s->wrap = -s->wrap; /* write the trailer only once! */
    return s->pending != 0 ? Z_OK : Z_STREAM_END;
}

/* ========================================================================= */
int ZEXPORT deflateEnd (strm)
    z_streamp strm;
{
    int status;

    if (strm == Z_NULL || strm->state == Z_NULL) return Z_STREAM_ERROR;

    status = strm->state->status;
    if (status != INIT_STATE &&
        status != EXTRA_STATE &&
        status != NAME_STATE &&
        status != COMMENT_STATE &&
        status != HCRC_STATE &&
        status != BUSY_STATE &&
        status != FINISH_STATE) {
      return Z_STREAM_ERROR;
    }

    /* Deallocate in reverse order of allocations: */
    TRY_FREE(strm, strm->state->pending_buf);
    TRY_FREE(strm, strm->state->head);
    TRY_FREE(strm, strm->state->prev);
    TRY_FREE(strm, strm->state->window);

    ZFREE(strm, strm->state);
    strm->state = Z_NULL;

    return status == BUSY_STATE ? Z_DATA_ERROR : Z_OK;
}

/* =========================================================================
 * Copy the source state to the destination state.
 * To simplify the source, this is not supported for 16-bit MSDOS (which
 * doesn't have enough memory anyway to duplicate compression states).
 */
int ZEXPORT deflateCopy (dest, source)
    z_streamp dest;
    z_streamp source;
{
#ifdef MAXSEG_64K
    return Z_STREAM_ERROR;
#else
    deflate_state *ds;
    deflate_state *ss;
    ushf *overlay;


    if (source == Z_NULL || dest == Z_NULL || source->state == Z_NULL) {
        return Z_STREAM_ERROR;
    }

    ss = source->state;

    zmemcpy((voidpf)dest, (voidpf)source, sizeof(z_stream));

    ds = (deflate_state *) ZALLOC(dest, 1, sizeof(deflate_state));
    if (ds == Z_NULL) return Z_MEM_ERROR;
    dest->state = (struct internal_state FAR *) ds;
    zmemcpy((voidpf)ds, (voidpf)ss, sizeof(deflate_state));
    ds->strm = dest;

    ds->window = (Bytef *) ZALLOC(dest, ds->w_size, 2*sizeof(Byte));
    ds->prev   = (Posf *)  ZALLOC(dest, ds->w_size, sizeof(Pos));
    ds->head   = (Posf *)  ZALLOC(dest, ds->hash_size, sizeof(Pos));
    overlay = (ushf *) ZALLOC(dest, ds->lit_bufsize, sizeof(ush)+2);
    ds->pending_buf = (uchf *) overlay;

    if (ds->window == Z_NULL || ds->prev == Z_NULL || ds->head == Z_NULL ||
        ds->pending_buf == Z_NULL) {
        deflateEnd (dest);
        return Z_MEM_ERROR;
    }
    /* following zmemcpy do not work for 16-bit MSDOS */
    zmemcpy(ds->window, ss->window, ds->w_size * 2 * sizeof(Byte));
    zmemcpy((voidpf)ds->prev, (voidpf)ss->prev, ds->w_size * sizeof(Pos));
    zmemcpy((voidpf)ds->head, (voidpf)ss->head, ds->hash_size * sizeof(Pos));
    zmemcpy(ds->pending_buf, ss->pending_buf, (uInt)ds->pending_buf_size);

    ds->pending_out = ds->pending_buf + (ss->pending_out - ss->pending_buf);
    ds->d_buf = overlay + ds->lit_bufsize/sizeof(ush);
    ds->l_buf = ds->pending_buf + (1+sizeof(ush))*ds->lit_bufsize;

    ds->l_desc.dyn_tree = ds->dyn_ltree;
    ds->d_desc.dyn_tree = ds->dyn_dtree;
    ds->bl_desc.dyn_tree = ds->bl_tree;

    return Z_OK;
#endif /* MAXSEG_64K */
}

/* ===========================================================================
 * Read a new buffer from the current input stream, update the adler32
 * and total number of bytes read.  All deflate() input goes through
 * this function so some applications may wish to modify it to avoid
 * allocating a large strm->next_in buffer and copying from it.
 * (See also flush_pending()).
 */
local int read_buf(strm, buf, size)
    z_streamp strm;
    Bytef *buf;
    unsigned size;
{
    unsigned len = strm->avail_in;

    if (len > size) len = size;
    if (len == 0) return 0;

    strm->avail_in  -= len;

    zmemcpy(buf, strm->next_in, len);
    if (strm->state->wrap == 1) {
        strm->adler = adler32(strm->adler, buf, len);
    }
#ifdef GZIP
    else if (strm->state->wrap == 2) {
        strm->adler = crc32(strm->adler, buf, len);
    }
#endif
    strm->next_in  += len;
    strm->total_in += len;

    return (int)len;
}

/* ===========================================================================
 * Initialize the "longest match" routines for a new zlib stream
 */
local void lm_init (s)
    deflate_state *s;
{
    s->window_size = (ulg)2L*s->w_size;

    CLEAR_HASH(s);

    /* Set the default configuration parameters:
     */
    s->max_lazy_match   = configuration_table[s->level].max_lazy;
    s->good_match       = configuration_table[s->level].good_length;
    s->nice_match       = configuration_table[s->level].nice_length;
    s->max_chain_length = configuration_table[s->level].max_chain;

    s->strstart = 0;
    s->block_start = 0L;
    s->lookahead = 0;
    s->insert = 0;
    s->match_length = s->prev_length = MIN_MATCH-1;
    s->match_available = 0;
    s->ins_h = 0;
#ifndef FASTEST
#ifdef ASMV
    match_init(); /* initialize the asm code */
#endif
#endif
}

#ifndef FASTEST
/* ===========================================================================
 * Set match_start to the longest match starting at the given string and
 * return its length. Matches shorter or equal to prev_length are discarded,
 * in which case the result is equal to prev_length and match_start is
 * garbage.
 * IN assertions: cur_match is the head of the hash chain for the current
 *   string (strstart) and its distance is <= MAX_DIST, and prev_length >= 1
 * OUT assertion: the match length is not greater than s->lookahead.
 */
#ifndef ASMV
/* For 80x86 and 680x0, an optimized version will be provided in match.asm or
 * match.S. The code will be functionally equivalent.
 */
local uInt longest_match(s, cur_match)
    deflate_state *s;
    IPos cur_match;                             /* current match */
{
    unsigned chain_length = s->max_chain_length;/* max hash chain length */
    register Bytef *scan = s->window + s->strstart; /* current string */
    register Bytef *match;                       /* matched string */
    register int len;                           /* length of current match */
#ifdef ZLIB_PM3_TUNED
        int best_len =  MIN_MATCH-1;                            // lift the restriction on prev-length
#else
    int best_len = s->prev_length;              /* best match length so far */
#endif
    int nice_match = s->nice_match;             /* stop if match long enough */
    IPos limit = s->strstart > (IPos)MAX_DIST(s) ?
        s->strstart - (IPos)MAX_DIST(s) : NIL;
    /* Stop when cur_match becomes <= limit. To simplify the code,
     * we prevent matches with the string of window index 0.
     */
    Posf *prev = s->prev;
    uInt wmask = s->w_mask;

#ifdef UNALIGNED_OK
    /* Compare two bytes at a time. Note: this is not always beneficial.
     * Try with and without -DUNALIGNED_OK to check.
     */
    register Bytef *strend = s->window + s->strstart + MAX_MATCH - 1;
    register ush scan_start = *(ushf*)scan;
    register ush scan_end   = *(ushf*)(scan+best_len-1);
#else
    register Bytef *strend = s->window + s->strstart + MAX_MATCH;
    register Byte scan_end1  = scan[best_len-1];
    register Byte scan_end   = scan[best_len];
#endif

    /* The code is optimized for HASH_BITS >= 8 and MAX_MATCH-2 multiple of 16.
     * It is easy to get rid of this optimization if necessary.
     */
    Assert(s->hash_bits >= 8 && MAX_MATCH == 258, "Code too clever");

    /* Do not waste too much time if we already have a good match: */
    if (s->prev_length >= s->good_match) {
        chain_length >>= 2;
    }
    /* Do not look for matches beyond the end of the input. This is necessary
     * to make deflate deterministic.
     */
    if ((uInt)nice_match > s->lookahead) nice_match = s->lookahead;

    Assert((ulg)s->strstart <= s->window_size-MIN_LOOKAHEAD, "need lookahead");

    do {
        Assert(cur_match < s->strstart, "no future");
        match = s->window + cur_match;

        /* Skip to next match if the match length cannot increase
         * or if the match length is less than 2.  Note that the checks below
         * for insufficient lookahead only occur occasionally for performance
         * reasons.  Therefore uninitialized memory will be accessed, and
         * conditional jumps will be made that depend on those values.
         * However the length of the match is limited to the lookahead, so
         * the output of deflate is not affected by the uninitialized values.
         */
#if (defined(UNALIGNED_OK) && MAX_MATCH == 258)
        /* This code assumes sizeof(unsigned short) == 2. Do not use
         * UNALIGNED_OK if your compiler uses a different size.
         */
        if (*(ushf*)(match+best_len-1) != scan_end ||
            *(ushf*)match != scan_start) continue;

        /* It is not necessary to compare scan[2] and match[2] since they are
         * always equal when the other bytes match, given that the hash keys
         * are equal and that HASH_BITS >= 8. Compare 2 bytes at a time at
         * strstart+3, +5, ... up to strstart+257. We check for insufficient
         * lookahead only every 4th comparison; the 128th check will be made
         * at strstart+257. If MAX_MATCH-2 is not a multiple of 8, it is
         * necessary to put more guard bytes at the end of the window, or
         * to check more often for insufficient lookahead.
         */
        Assert(scan[2] == match[2], "scan[2]?");
        scan++, match++;
        do {
        } while (*(ushf*)(scan+=2) == *(ushf*)(match+=2) &&
                 *(ushf*)(scan+=2) == *(ushf*)(match+=2) &&
                 *(ushf*)(scan+=2) == *(ushf*)(match+=2) &&
                 *(ushf*)(scan+=2) == *(ushf*)(match+=2) &&
                 scan < strend);
        /* The funny "do {}" generates better code on most compilers */

        /* Here, scan <= window+strstart+257 */
        Assert(scan <= s->window+(unsigned)(s->window_size-1), "wild scan");
        if (*scan == *match) scan++;

        len = (MAX_MATCH - 1) - (int)(strend-scan);
        scan = strend - (MAX_MATCH-1);

#else /* UNALIGNED_OK */

        if (match[best_len]   != scan_end  ||
            match[best_len-1] != scan_end1 ||
            *match            != *scan     ||
            *++match          != scan[1])      continue;

        /* The check at best_len-1 can be removed because it will be made
         * again later. (This heuristic is not always a win.)
         * It is not necessary to compare scan[2] and match[2] since they
         * are always equal when the other bytes match, given that
         * the hash keys are equal and that HASH_BITS >= 8.
         */
        scan += 2, match++;
        Assert(*scan == *match, "match[2]?");

        /* We check for insufficient lookahead only every 8th comparison;
         * the 256th check will be made at strstart+258.
         */
        do {
        } while (*++scan == *++match && *++scan == *++match &&
                 *++scan == *++match && *++scan == *++match &&
                 *++scan == *++match && *++scan == *++match &&
                 *++scan == *++match && *++scan == *++match &&
                 scan < strend);

        Assert(scan <= s->window+(unsigned)(s->window_size-1), "wild scan");

        len = MAX_MATCH - (int)(strend - scan);
        scan = strend - MAX_MATCH;

#endif /* UNALIGNED_OK */

        if (len > best_len) {
            s->match_start = cur_match;
            best_len = len;
            if (len >= nice_match) break;
#ifdef UNALIGNED_OK
            scan_end = *(ushf*)(scan+best_len-1);
#else
            scan_end1  = scan[best_len-1];
            scan_end   = scan[best_len];
#endif
        }
    } while ((cur_match = prev[cur_match & wmask]) > limit
             && --chain_length != 0);

    if ((uInt)best_len <= s->lookahead) return (uInt)best_len;
    return s->lookahead;
}
#endif /* ASMV */

#else /* FASTEST */

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Optimized version for FASTEST only
 */
local uInt longest_match(s, cur_match)
    deflate_state *s;
    IPos cur_match;                             /* current match */
{
    register Bytef *scan = s->window + s->strstart; /* current string */
    register Bytef *match;                       /* matched string */
    register int len;                           /* length of current match */
    register Bytef *strend = s->window + s->strstart + MAX_MATCH;

    /* The code is optimized for HASH_BITS >= 8 and MAX_MATCH-2 multiple of 16.
     * It is easy to get rid of this optimization if necessary.
     */
    Assert(s->hash_bits >= 8 && MAX_MATCH == 258, "Code too clever");

    Assert((ulg)s->strstart <= s->window_size-MIN_LOOKAHEAD, "need lookahead");

    Assert(cur_match < s->strstart, "no future");

    match = s->window + cur_match;

    /* Return failure if the match length is less than 2:
     */
    if (match[0] != scan[0] || match[1] != scan[1]) return MIN_MATCH-1;

    /* The check at best_len-1 can be removed because it will be made
     * again later. (This heuristic is not always a win.)
     * It is not necessary to compare scan[2] and match[2] since they
     * are always equal when the other bytes match, given that
     * the hash keys are equal and that HASH_BITS >= 8.
     */
    scan += 2, match += 2;
    Assert(*scan == *match, "match[2]?");

    /* We check for insufficient lookahead only every 8th comparison;
     * the 256th check will be made at strstart+258.
     */
    do {
    } while (*++scan == *++match && *++scan == *++match &&
             *++scan == *++match && *++scan == *++match &&
             *++scan == *++match && *++scan == *++match &&
             *++scan == *++match && *++scan == *++match &&
             scan < strend);

    Assert(scan <= s->window+(unsigned)(s->window_size-1), "wild scan");

    len = MAX_MATCH - (int)(strend - scan);

    if (len < MIN_MATCH) return MIN_MATCH - 1;

    s->match_start = cur_match;
    return (uInt)len <= s->lookahead ? (uInt)len : s->lookahead;
}

#endif /* FASTEST */

#ifdef DEBUG
/* ===========================================================================
 * Check that the match at match_start is indeed a match.
 */
local void check_match(s, start, match, length)
    deflate_state *s;
    IPos start, match;
    int length;
{
    /* check that the match is indeed a match */
    if (zmemcmp(s->window + match,
                s->window + start, length) != EQUAL) {
        fprintf(stderr, " start %u, match %u, length %d\n",
                start, match, length);
        do {
            fprintf(stderr, "%c%c", s->window[match++], s->window[start++]);
        } while (--length != 0);
        z_error("invalid match");
    }
    if (z_verbose > 1) {
        fprintf(stderr,"\\[%d,%d]", start-match, length);
        do { putc(s->window[start++], stderr); } while (--length != 0);
    }
}
#else
#  define check_match(s, start, match, length)
#endif /* DEBUG */

/* ===========================================================================
 * Fill the window when the lookahead becomes insufficient.
 * Updates strstart and lookahead.
 *
 * IN assertion: lookahead < MIN_LOOKAHEAD
 * OUT assertions: strstart <= window_size-MIN_LOOKAHEAD
 *    At least one byte has been read, or avail_in == 0; reads are
 *    performed for at least two bytes (required for the zip translate_eol
 *    option -- not supported here).
 */
local void fill_window(s)
    deflate_state *s;
{
    register unsigned n, m;
    register Posf *p;
    unsigned more;    /* Amount of free space at the end of the window. */
    uInt wsize = s->w_size;

    Assert(s->lookahead < MIN_LOOKAHEAD, "already enough lookahead");

    do {
        more = (unsigned)(s->window_size -(ulg)s->lookahead -(ulg)s->strstart);

        /* Deal with !@#$% 64K limit: */
        if (sizeof(int) <= 2) {
            if (more == 0 && s->strstart == 0 && s->lookahead == 0) {
                more = wsize;

            } else if (more == (unsigned)(-1)) {
                /* Very unlikely, but possible on 16 bit machine if
                 * strstart == 0 && lookahead == 1 (input done a byte at time)
                 */
                more--;
            }
        }

        /* If the window is almost full and there is insufficient lookahead,
         * move the upper half to the lower one to make room in the upper half.
         */
        if (s->strstart >= wsize+MAX_DIST(s)) {

            zmemcpy(s->window, s->window+wsize, (unsigned)wsize);
            s->match_start -= wsize;
            s->strstart    -= wsize; /* we now have strstart >= MAX_DIST */
            s->block_start -= (long) wsize;

            /* Slide the hash table (could be avoided with 32 bit values
               at the expense of memory usage). We slide even when level == 0
               to keep the hash table consistent if we switch back to level > 0
               later. (Using level 0 permanently is not an optimal usage of
               zlib, so we don't care about this pathological case.)
             */
            n = s->hash_size;
            p = &s->head[n];
            do {
                m = *--p;
                *p = (Pos)(m >= wsize ? m-wsize : NIL);
            } while (--n);

            n = wsize;
#ifndef FASTEST
            p = &s->prev[n];
            do {
                m = *--p;
                *p = (Pos)(m >= wsize ? m-wsize : NIL);
                /* If n is not on any hash chain, prev[n] is garbage but
                 * its value will never be used.
                 */
            } while (--n);
#endif
            more += wsize;
        }
        if (s->strm->avail_in == 0) break;

        /* If there was no sliding:
         *    strstart <= WSIZE+MAX_DIST-1 && lookahead <= MIN_LOOKAHEAD - 1 &&
         *    more == window_size - lookahead - strstart
         * => more >= window_size - (MIN_LOOKAHEAD-1 + WSIZE + MAX_DIST-1)
         * => more >= window_size - 2*WSIZE + 2
         * In the BIG_MEM or MMAP case (not yet supported),
         *   window_size == input_size + MIN_LOOKAHEAD  &&
         *   strstart + s->lookahead <= input_size => more >= MIN_LOOKAHEAD.
         * Otherwise, window_size == 2*WSIZE so more >= 2.
         * If there was sliding, more >= WSIZE. So in all cases, more >= 2.
         */
        Assert(more >= 2, "more < 2");

        n = read_buf(s->strm, s->window + s->strstart + s->lookahead, more);
        s->lookahead += n;

        /* Initialize the hash value now that we have some input: */
        if (s->lookahead + s->insert >= MIN_MATCH) {
            uInt str = s->strstart - s->insert;
            s->ins_h = s->window[str];
            UPDATE_HASH(s, s->ins_h, s->window[str + 1]);
#if MIN_MATCH != 3
            Call UPDATE_HASH() MIN_MATCH-3 more times
#endif
            while (s->insert) {
                UPDATE_HASH(s, s->ins_h, s->window[str + MIN_MATCH-1]);
#ifndef FASTEST
                s->prev[str & s->w_mask] = s->head[s->ins_h];
#endif
                s->head[s->ins_h] = (Pos)str;
                str++;
                s->insert--;
                if (s->lookahead + s->insert < MIN_MATCH)
                    break;
            }
        }
        /* If the whole input has less than MIN_MATCH bytes, ins_h is garbage,
         * but this is not important since only literal bytes will be emitted.
         */

    } while (s->lookahead < MIN_LOOKAHEAD && s->strm->avail_in != 0);

    /* If the WIN_INIT bytes after the end of the current data have never been
     * written, then zero those bytes in order to avoid memory check reports of
     * the use of uninitialized (or uninitialised as Julian writes) bytes by
     * the longest match routines.  Update the high water mark for the next
     * time through here.  WIN_INIT is set to MAX_MATCH since the longest match
     * routines allow scanning to strstart + MAX_MATCH, ignoring lookahead.
     */
    if (s->high_water < s->window_size) {
        ulg curr = s->strstart + (ulg)(s->lookahead);
        ulg init;

        if (s->high_water < curr) {
            /* Previous high water mark below current data -- zero WIN_INIT
             * bytes or up to end of window, whichever is less.
             */
            init = s->window_size - curr;
            if (init > WIN_INIT)
                init = WIN_INIT;
            zmemzero(s->window + curr, (unsigned)init);
            s->high_water = curr + init;
        }
        else if (s->high_water < (ulg)curr + WIN_INIT) {
            /* High water mark at or above current data, but below current data
             * plus WIN_INIT -- zero out to current data plus WIN_INIT, or up
             * to end of window, whichever is less.
             */
            init = (ulg)curr + WIN_INIT - s->high_water;
            if (init > s->window_size - s->high_water)
                init = s->window_size - s->high_water;
            zmemzero(s->window + s->high_water, (unsigned)init);
            s->high_water += init;
        }
    }

    Assert((ulg)s->strstart <= s->window_size - MIN_LOOKAHEAD,
           "not enough room for search");
}

/* ===========================================================================
 * Flush the current block, with given end-of-file flag.
 * IN assertion: strstart is set to the end of the current match.
 */
#define FLUSH_BLOCK_ONLY(s, last) { \
   _tr_flush_block(s, (s->block_start >= 0L ? \
                   (charf *)&s->window[(unsigned)s->block_start] : \
                   (charf *)Z_NULL), \
                (ulg)((long)s->strstart - s->block_start), \
                (last)); \
   s->block_start = s->strstart; \
   flush_pending(s->strm); \
   Tracev((stderr,"[FLUSH]")); \
}

/* Same but force premature exit if necessary. */
#define FLUSH_BLOCK(s, last) { \
   FLUSH_BLOCK_ONLY(s, last); \
   if (s->strm->avail_out == 0) return (last) ? finish_started : need_more; \
}

/* ===========================================================================
 * Copy without compression as much as possible from the input stream, return
 * the current block state.
 * This function does not insert new strings in the dictionary since
 * uncompressible data is probably not useful. This function is used
 * only for the level=0 compression option.
 * NOTE: this function should be optimized to avoid extra copying from
 * window to pending_buf.
 */
local block_state deflate_stored(s, flush)
    deflate_state *s;
    int flush;
{
    /* Stored blocks are limited to 0xffff bytes, pending_buf is limited
     * to pending_buf_size, and each stored block has a 5 byte header:
     */
    ulg max_block_size = 0xffff;
    ulg max_start;

    if (max_block_size > s->pending_buf_size - 5) {
        max_block_size = s->pending_buf_size - 5;
    }

    /* Copy as much as possible from input to output: */
    for (;;) {
        /* Fill the window as much as possible: */
        if (s->lookahead <= 1) {

            Assert(s->strstart < s->w_size+MAX_DIST(s) ||
                   s->block_start >= (long)s->w_size, "slide too late");

            fill_window(s);
            if (s->lookahead == 0 && flush == Z_NO_FLUSH) return need_more;

            if (s->lookahead == 0) break; /* flush the current block */
        }
        Assert(s->block_start >= 0L, "block gone");

        s->strstart += s->lookahead;
        s->lookahead = 0;

        /* Emit a stored block if pending_buf will be full: */
        max_start = s->block_start + max_block_size;
        if (s->strstart == 0 || (ulg)s->strstart >= max_start) {
            /* strstart == 0 is possible when wraparound on 16-bit machine */
            s->lookahead = (uInt)(s->strstart - max_start);
            s->strstart = (uInt)max_start;
            FLUSH_BLOCK(s, 0);
        }
        /* Flush if we may have to slide, otherwise block_start may become
         * negative and the data will be gone:
         */
        if (s->strstart - (uInt)s->block_start >= MAX_DIST(s)) {
            FLUSH_BLOCK(s, 0);
        }
    }
    s->insert = 0;
    if (flush == Z_FINISH) {
        FLUSH_BLOCK(s, 1);
        return finish_done;
    }
    if ((long)s->strstart > s->block_start)
        FLUSH_BLOCK(s, 0);
    return block_done;
}

/* ===========================================================================
 * Compress as much as possible from the input stream, return the current
 * block state.
 * This function does not perform lazy evaluation of matches and inserts
 * new strings in the dictionary only for unmatched strings or for short
 * matches. It is used only for the fast compression options.
 */
local block_state deflate_fast(s, flush)
    deflate_state *s;
    int flush;
{
    IPos hash_head;       /* head of the hash chain */
    int bflush;           /* set if current block must be flushed */

    for (;;) {
        /* Make sure that we always have enough lookahead, except
         * at the end of the input file. We need MAX_MATCH bytes
         * for the next match, plus MIN_MATCH bytes to insert the
         * string following the next match.
         */
        if (s->lookahead < MIN_LOOKAHEAD) {
            fill_window(s);
            if (s->lookahead < MIN_LOOKAHEAD && flush == Z_NO_FLUSH) {
                return need_more;
            }
            if (s->lookahead == 0) break; /* flush the current block */
        }

        /* Insert the string window[strstart .. strstart+2] in the
         * dictionary, and set hash_head to the head of the hash chain:
         */
        hash_head = NIL;
        if (s->lookahead >= MIN_MATCH) {
            INSERT_STRING(s, s->strstart, hash_head);
        }

        /* Find the longest match, discarding those <= prev_length.
         * At this point we have always match_length < MIN_MATCH
         */
        if (hash_head != NIL && s->strstart - hash_head <= MAX_DIST(s)) {
            /* To simplify the code, we prevent matches with the string
             * of window index 0 (in particular we have to avoid a match
             * of the string with itself at the start of the input file).
             */
            s->match_length = longest_match (s, hash_head);
            /* longest_match() sets match_start */
        }
        if (s->match_length >= MIN_MATCH) {
            check_match(s, s->strstart, s->match_start, s->match_length);

            _tr_tally_dist(s, s->strstart - s->match_start,
                           s->match_length - MIN_MATCH, bflush);

            s->lookahead -= s->match_length;

            /* Insert new strings in the hash table only if the match length
             * is not too large. This saves time but degrades compression.
             */
#ifndef FASTEST
            if (s->match_length <= s->max_insert_length &&
                s->lookahead >= MIN_MATCH) {
                s->match_length--; /* string at strstart already in table */
                do {
                    s->strstart++;
                    INSERT_STRING(s, s->strstart, hash_head);
                    /* strstart never exceeds WSIZE-MAX_MATCH, so there are
                     * always MIN_MATCH bytes ahead.
                     */
                } while (--s->match_length != 0);
                s->strstart++;
            } else
#endif
            {
                s->strstart += s->match_length;
                s->match_length = 0;
                s->ins_h = s->window[s->strstart];
                UPDATE_HASH(s, s->ins_h, s->window[s->strstart+1]);
#if MIN_MATCH != 3
                Call UPDATE_HASH() MIN_MATCH-3 more times
#endif
                /* If lookahead < MIN_MATCH, ins_h is garbage, but it does not
                 * matter since it will be recomputed at next deflate call.
                 */
            }
        } else {
            /* No match, output a literal byte */
            Tracevv((stderr,"%c", s->window[s->strstart]));
            _tr_tally_lit (s, s->window[s->strstart], bflush);
            s->lookahead--;
            s->strstart++;
        }
        if (bflush) FLUSH_BLOCK(s, 0);
    }
    s->insert = s->strstart < MIN_MATCH-1 ? s->strstart : MIN_MATCH-1;
    if (flush == Z_FINISH) {
        FLUSH_BLOCK(s, 1);
        return finish_done;
    }
    if (s->last_lit)
        FLUSH_BLOCK(s, 0);
    return block_done;
}


#ifdef ZLIB_PM3_TUNED
local uInt try_harder(s, strstart, lookahead, hash_head, level)
        deflate_state *s;
        uInt strstart;
        uInt lookahead;
        IPos hash_head;
        uInt level;
{
        uInt strstart_save = s->strstart;
        s->strstart = strstart;
        uInt lookahead_save = s->lookahead;
        s->lookahead = lookahead;
        uInt ins_h_save = s->ins_h;
        uInt combined_gain;
        uInt best_combined_gain = 0;
        uInt match_length;
        uInt prev_length = s->prev_length < MIN_MATCH ? 1 : s->prev_length;
        uInt best_prev_length = prev_length;
        uInt current_match_start = s->match_start;
        uInt current_match_length = s->match_length;

        do {
        if (hash_head != NIL && s->strstart - hash_head <= MAX_DIST(s)) {
                        match_length = longest_match (s, hash_head);
                        /* longest_match() sets match_start */
                } else {
                        match_length = MIN_MATCH - 1;
                }
#if TOO_FAR <= 32767
                if (match_length == MIN_MATCH && s->strstart - s->match_start > TOO_FAR) {
                        match_length = MIN_MATCH-1;
                }
#endif
                if (s->strstart == strstart) {                                          // store match at current position
                        current_match_length = match_length;
                        current_match_start = s->match_start;
                }
                if (s->strstart - strstart + 1 < MIN_MATCH) {           // previous match reduced to one or two literals
                        combined_gain = 0;                                                              // need one literal per byte: no gain (assuming 8 bits per literal)
                } else {
                        combined_gain = s->strstart - strstart + 1 - MIN_MATCH;  // (possibly truncated) previous_length - 3 literals
                }
                if (level > 1 && s->strstart+1 <= s->window_size - MIN_LOOKAHEAD) {     // test one level more
                        s->prev_length = match_length;
                        uInt save_ins_h = s->ins_h;
                        UPDATE_HASH(s, s->ins_h, s->window[(s->strstart+1) + (MIN_MATCH-1)]);
                        combined_gain += try_harder(s, s->strstart+1, s->lookahead-1, s->head[s->ins_h], level-1);
                        s->ins_h = save_ins_h;
                } else {
                        if (match_length < MIN_MATCH) { 
                                combined_gain += 0;                                                     // no gain
                        } else {
                                combined_gain += match_length - MIN_MATCH;      // match_length bytes coded as approx three literals
                        }
                }
                // if (combined_length > s->lookahead - 1) {
                        // combined_length = s->lookahead;
                // }
                if (combined_gain >= best_combined_gain) {                      // in case of a tie we prefer the longer prev_length
                        best_combined_gain = combined_gain;
                        best_prev_length = s->strstart - strstart + 1;
                }
                s->strstart++;
                s->lookahead--;
                UPDATE_HASH(s, s->ins_h, s->window[(s->strstart) + (MIN_MATCH-1)]);
                hash_head = s->head[s->ins_h];
                // if (s->strstart - strstart + 1 == MIN_MATCH-1) {             // a match with length == 2 is not possible
                        // s->strstart++;
                        // s->lookahead--;
                        // UPDATE_HASH(s, s->ins_h, s->window[(s->strstart) + (MIN_MATCH-1)]);
                        // hash_head = s->head[s->ins_h];
                // }
        } while (s->strstart <= strstart-1 + prev_length                        // try to truncate the previous match to 1, 3, ... prev_length
                        && s->strstart <= s->window_size - MIN_LOOKAHEAD);      // watch out for the end of the input
        
        s->strstart = strstart_save;
        s->lookahead = lookahead_save;
        s->ins_h = ins_h_save;
        s->match_length = current_match_length;
        s->match_start = current_match_start;
        if (prev_length >= MIN_MATCH) {
                if (best_prev_length != prev_length && best_prev_length >= MIN_MATCH) {
                        printf("at %d, level %d: Reducing prev_length from %d to %d\n", s->strstart, level, prev_length, best_prev_length);
                }
        }
        if (best_prev_length >= MIN_MATCH) {
                s->prev_length = best_prev_length;
                s->match_length = MIN_MATCH - 1;
        } else {
                s->prev_length = MIN_MATCH - 1;
        }
        return best_combined_gain;
}
#endif



#ifndef FASTEST
/* ===========================================================================
 * Same as above, but achieves better compression. We use a lazy
 * evaluation for matches: a match is finally adopted only if there is
 * no better match at the next window position.
 */
local block_state deflate_slow(s, flush)
    deflate_state *s;
    int flush;
{
    IPos hash_head;          /* head of hash chain */
    int bflush;              /* set if current block must be flushed */

    /* Process the input block. */
    for (;;) {
        /* Make sure that we always have enough lookahead, except
         * at the end of the input file. We need MAX_MATCH bytes
         * for the next match, plus MIN_MATCH bytes to insert the
         * string following the next match.
         */
        if (s->lookahead < MIN_LOOKAHEAD) {
            fill_window(s);
            if (s->lookahead < MIN_LOOKAHEAD && flush == Z_NO_FLUSH) {
                return need_more;
            }
            if (s->lookahead == 0) break; /* flush the current block */
        }

        /* Insert the string window[strstart .. strstart+2] in the
         * dictionary, and set hash_head to the head of the hash chain:
         */
        hash_head = NIL;
        if (s->lookahead >= MIN_MATCH) {
            INSERT_STRING(s, s->strstart, hash_head);
        }

        /* Find the longest match, discarding those <= prev_length. */
        s->prev_length = s->match_length, s->prev_match = s->match_start;
        s->match_length = MIN_MATCH-1;

#ifdef ZLIB_PM3_TUNED
                if (s->prev_length < s->max_lazy_match) {
                        try_harder(s, s->strstart, s->lookahead, hash_head, 1);
                }

#else
        if (hash_head != NIL && s->prev_length < s->max_lazy_match &&
            s->strstart - hash_head <= MAX_DIST(s)) {
            /* To simplify the code, we prevent matches with the string
             * of window index 0 (in particular we have to avoid a match
             * of the string with itself at the start of the input file).
             */
            s->match_length = longest_match (s, hash_head);
            /* longest_match() sets match_start */

            if (s->match_length <= 5 && (s->strategy == Z_FILTERED
#if TOO_FAR <= 32767
                || (s->match_length == MIN_MATCH &&
                    s->strstart - s->match_start > TOO_FAR)
#endif
                )) {

                /* If prev_match is also MIN_MATCH, match_start is garbage
                 * but we will ignore the current match anyway.
                 */
                s->match_length = MIN_MATCH-1;
            }
        }
#endif /* ZLIB_PM3_TUNED */
        /* If there was a match at the previous step and the current
         * match is not better, output the previous match:
         */
        if (s->prev_length >= MIN_MATCH && s->match_length <= s->prev_length) {
            uInt max_insert = s->strstart + s->lookahead - MIN_MATCH;
            /* Do not insert strings in hash table beyond this. */

            check_match(s, s->strstart-1, s->prev_match, s->prev_length);

            _tr_tally_dist(s, s->strstart -1 - s->prev_match,
                           s->prev_length - MIN_MATCH, bflush);

            /* Insert in hash table all strings up to the end of the match.
             * strstart-1 and strstart are already inserted. If there is not
             * enough lookahead, the last two strings are not inserted in
             * the hash table.
             */
            s->lookahead -= s->prev_length-1;
            s->prev_length -= 2;
            do {
                if (++s->strstart <= max_insert) {
                    INSERT_STRING(s, s->strstart, hash_head);
                }
            } while (--s->prev_length != 0);
            s->match_available = 0;
            s->match_length = MIN_MATCH-1;
            s->strstart++;

            if (bflush) FLUSH_BLOCK(s, 0);

        } else if (s->match_available) {
            /* If there was no match at the previous position, output a
             * single literal. If there was a match but the current match
             * is longer, truncate the previous match to a single literal.
             */
            Tracevv((stderr,"%c", s->window[s->strstart-1]));
            _tr_tally_lit(s, s->window[s->strstart-1], bflush);
            if (bflush) {
                FLUSH_BLOCK_ONLY(s, 0);
            }
            s->strstart++;
            s->lookahead--;
            if (s->strm->avail_out == 0) return need_more;
        } else {
            /* There is no previous match to compare with, wait for
             * the next step to decide.
             */
            s->match_available = 1;
            s->strstart++;
            s->lookahead--;
        }
    }
    Assert (flush != Z_NO_FLUSH, "no flush?");
    if (s->match_available) {
        Tracevv((stderr,"%c", s->window[s->strstart-1]));
        _tr_tally_lit(s, s->window[s->strstart-1], bflush);
        s->match_available = 0;
    }
    s->insert = s->strstart < MIN_MATCH-1 ? s->strstart : MIN_MATCH-1;
    if (flush == Z_FINISH) {
        FLUSH_BLOCK(s, 1);
        return finish_done;
    }
    if (s->last_lit)
        FLUSH_BLOCK(s, 0);
    return block_done;
}
#endif /* FASTEST */

/* ===========================================================================
 * For Z_RLE, simply look for runs of bytes, generate matches only of distance
 * one.  Do not maintain a hash table.  (It will be regenerated if this run of
 * deflate switches away from Z_RLE.)
 */
local block_state deflate_rle(s, flush)
    deflate_state *s;
    int flush;
{
    int bflush;             /* set if current block must be flushed */
    uInt prev;              /* byte at distance one to match */
    Bytef *scan, *strend;   /* scan goes up to strend for length of run */

    for (;;) {
        /* Make sure that we always have enough lookahead, except
         * at the end of the input file. We need MAX_MATCH bytes
         * for the longest run, plus one for the unrolled loop.
         */
        if (s->lookahead <= MAX_MATCH) {
            fill_window(s);
            if (s->lookahead <= MAX_MATCH && flush == Z_NO_FLUSH) {
                return need_more;
            }
            if (s->lookahead == 0) break; /* flush the current block */
        }

        /* See how many times the previous byte repeats */
        s->match_length = 0;
        if (s->lookahead >= MIN_MATCH && s->strstart > 0) {
            scan = s->window + s->strstart - 1;
            prev = *scan;
            if (prev == *++scan && prev == *++scan && prev == *++scan) {
                strend = s->window + s->strstart + MAX_MATCH;
                do {
                } while (prev == *++scan && prev == *++scan &&
                         prev == *++scan && prev == *++scan &&
                         prev == *++scan && prev == *++scan &&
                         prev == *++scan && prev == *++scan &&
                         scan < strend);
                s->match_length = MAX_MATCH - (int)(strend - scan);
                if (s->match_length > s->lookahead)
                    s->match_length = s->lookahead;
            }
            Assert(scan <= s->window+(uInt)(s->window_size-1), "wild scan");
        }

        /* Emit match if have run of MIN_MATCH or longer, else emit literal */
        if (s->match_length >= MIN_MATCH) {
            check_match(s, s->strstart, s->strstart - 1, s->match_length);

            _tr_tally_dist(s, 1, s->match_length - MIN_MATCH, bflush);

            s->lookahead -= s->match_length;
            s->strstart += s->match_length;
            s->match_length = 0;
        } else {
            /* No match, output a literal byte */
            Tracevv((stderr,"%c", s->window[s->strstart]));
            _tr_tally_lit (s, s->window[s->strstart], bflush);
            s->lookahead--;
            s->strstart++;
        }
        if (bflush) FLUSH_BLOCK(s, 0);
    }
    s->insert = 0;
    if (flush == Z_FINISH) {
        FLUSH_BLOCK(s, 1);
        return finish_done;
    }
    if (s->last_lit)
        FLUSH_BLOCK(s, 0);
    return block_done;
}

/* ===========================================================================
 * For Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY, do not look for matches.  Do not maintain a hash table.
 * (It will be regenerated if this run of deflate switches away from Huffman.)
 */
local block_state deflate_huff(s, flush)
    deflate_state *s;
    int flush;
{
    int bflush;             /* set if current block must be flushed */

    for (;;) {
        /* Make sure that we have a literal to write. */
        if (s->lookahead == 0) {
            fill_window(s);
            if (s->lookahead == 0) {
                if (flush == Z_NO_FLUSH)
                    return need_more;
                break;      /* flush the current block */
            }
        }

        /* Output a literal byte */
        s->match_length = 0;
        Tracevv((stderr,"%c", s->window[s->strstart]));
        _tr_tally_lit (s, s->window[s->strstart], bflush);
        s->lookahead--;
        s->strstart++;
        if (bflush) FLUSH_BLOCK(s, 0);
    }
    s->insert = 0;
    if (flush == Z_FINISH) {
        FLUSH_BLOCK(s, 1);
        return finish_done;
    }
    if (s->last_lit)
        FLUSH_BLOCK(s, 0);
    return block_done;
}