git.zerfleddert.de Git - proxmark3-svn/blob - armsrc/mifareutil.c

   1 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   2 // Merlok, May 2011, 2012
   3 // Many authors, whom made it possible
   4 //
   5 // This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or,
   6 // at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of
   7 // the license.
   8 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   9 // Work with mifare cards.
  10 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  11
  12 #include "proxmark3.h"
  13 #include "apps.h"
  14 #include "util.h"
  15 #include "string.h"
  16
  17 #include "iso14443crc.h"
  18 #include "iso14443a.h"
  19 #include "crapto1.h"
  20 #include "mifareutil.h"
  21
  22 int MF_DBGLEVEL = MF_DBG_ALL;
  23
  24 // memory management
  25 uint8_t* get_bigbufptr_recvrespbuf(void) {
  26         return (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + RECV_RESP_OFFSET);
  27 }
  28 uint8_t* get_bigbufptr_recvcmdbuf(void) {
  29         return (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + RECV_CMD_OFFSET);
  30 }
  31 uint8_t* get_bigbufptr_emlcardmem(void) {
  32         return (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + CARD_MEMORY_OFFSET);
  33 }
  34
  35 // crypto1 helpers
  36 void mf_crypto1_decrypt(struct Crypto1State *pcs, uint8_t *data, int len){
  37         uint8_t bt = 0;
  38         int i;
  39
  40         if (len != 1) {
  41                 for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
  42                         data[i] = crypto1_byte(pcs, 0x00, 0) ^ data[i];
  43         } else {
  44                 bt = 0;
  45                 for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
  46                         bt |= (crypto1_bit(pcs, 0, 0) ^ BIT(data[0], i)) << i;
  47
  48                 data[0] = bt;
  49         }
  50         return;
  51 }
  52
  53 void mf_crypto1_encrypt(struct Crypto1State *pcs, uint8_t *data, uint16_t len, uint8_t *par) {
  54         uint8_t bt = 0;
  55         int i;
  56         par[0] = 0;
  57
  58         for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
  59                 bt = data[i];
  60                 data[i] = crypto1_byte(pcs, 0x00, 0) ^ data[i];
  61                 if((i&0x0007) == 0)
  62                         par[i>>3] = 0;
  63                 par[i>>3] |= (((filter(pcs->odd) ^ oddparity(bt)) & 0x01)<<(7-(i&0x0007)));
  64         }
  65         return;
  66 }
  67
  68 uint8_t mf_crypto1_encrypt4bit(struct Crypto1State *pcs, uint8_t data) {
  69         uint8_t bt = 0;
  70         int i;
  71
  72         for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
  73                 bt |= (crypto1_bit(pcs, 0, 0) ^ BIT(data, i)) << i;
  74
  75         return bt;
  76 }
  77
  78 // send commands
  79 int mifare_sendcmd_short(struct Crypto1State *pcs, uint8_t crypted, uint8_t cmd, uint8_t data, uint8_t* answer, uint8_t *answer_parity, uint32_t *timing)
  80 {
  81         return mifare_sendcmd_shortex(pcs, crypted, cmd, data, answer, answer_parity, timing);
  82 }
  83
  84 int mifare_sendcmd_short_special(struct Crypto1State *pcs, uint8_t crypted, uint8_t cmd, uint8_t* data, uint8_t* answer, uint8_t *answer_parity, uint32_t *timing)
  85 {
  86         uint8_t dcmd[8];
  87     dcmd[0] = cmd;
  88     dcmd[1] = data[0];
  89         dcmd[2] = data[1];
  90         dcmd[3] = data[2];
  91         dcmd[4] = data[3];
  92         dcmd[5] = data[4];
  93         AppendCrc14443a(dcmd, 6);
  94         ReaderTransmit(dcmd, sizeof(dcmd), NULL);
  95         int len = ReaderReceive(answer, answer_parity);
  96         if(!len)
  97         {
  98                 if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1)   Dbprintf("Authentication failed. Card timeout.");
  99                 return 2;
 100         }
 101         return len;
 102 }
 103
 104 int mifare_sendcmd_shortex(struct Crypto1State *pcs, uint8_t crypted, uint8_t cmd, uint8_t data, uint8_t *answer, uint8_t *answer_parity, uint32_t *timing)
 105 {
 106         uint8_t dcmd[4], ecmd[4];
 107         uint16_t pos, res;
 108         uint8_t par[1];                 // 1 Byte parity is enough here
 109         dcmd[0] = cmd;
 110         dcmd[1] = data;
 111         AppendCrc14443a(dcmd, 2);
 112
 113         memcpy(ecmd, dcmd, sizeof(dcmd));
 114
 115         if (crypted) {
 116                 par[0] = 0;
 117                 for (pos = 0; pos < 4; pos++)
 118                 {
 119                         ecmd[pos] = crypto1_byte(pcs, 0x00, 0) ^ dcmd[pos];
 120                         par[0] |= (((filter(pcs->odd) ^ oddparity(dcmd[pos])) & 0x01) << (7-pos));
 121                 }
 122
 123                 ReaderTransmitPar(ecmd, sizeof(ecmd), par, timing);
 124
 125         } else {
 126                 ReaderTransmit(dcmd, sizeof(dcmd), timing);
 127         }
 128
 129         int len = ReaderReceive(answer, par);
 130
 131         if (answer_parity) *answer_parity = par[0];
 132
 133         if (crypted == CRYPT_ALL) {
 134                 if (len == 1) {
 135                         res = 0;
 136                         for (pos = 0; pos < 4; pos++)
 137                                 res |= (crypto1_bit(pcs, 0, 0) ^ BIT(answer[0], pos)) << pos;
 138
 139                         answer[0] = res;
 140
 141                 } else {
 142                         for (pos = 0; pos < len; pos++)
 143                         {
 144                                 answer[pos] = crypto1_byte(pcs, 0x00, 0) ^ answer[pos];
 145                         }
 146                 }
 147         }
 148
 149         return len;
 150 }
 151
 152 // mifare classic commands
 153 int mifare_classic_auth(struct Crypto1State *pcs, uint32_t uid, uint8_t blockNo, uint8_t keyType, uint64_t ui64Key, uint8_t isNested)
 154 {
 155         return mifare_classic_authex(pcs, uid, blockNo, keyType, ui64Key, isNested, NULL, NULL);
 156 }
 157
 158 int mifare_classic_authex(struct Crypto1State *pcs, uint32_t uid, uint8_t blockNo, uint8_t keyType, uint64_t ui64Key, uint8_t isNested, uint32_t *ntptr, uint32_t *timing)
 159 {
 160         // variables
 161         int len;
 162         uint32_t pos;
 163         uint8_t tmp4[4];
 164         uint8_t par[1] = {0x00};
 165         byte_t nr[4];
 166         uint32_t nt, ntpp; // Supplied tag nonce
 167
 168         uint8_t mf_nr_ar[] = { 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00 };
 169         uint8_t *receivedAnswer = get_bigbufptr_recvrespbuf();
 170         uint8_t *receivedAnswerPar = receivedAnswer + MAX_FRAME_SIZE;
 171
 172         // Transmit MIFARE_CLASSIC_AUTH
 173         len = mifare_sendcmd_short(pcs, isNested, 0x60 + (keyType & 0x01), blockNo, receivedAnswer, receivedAnswerPar, timing);
 174         if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4)   Dbprintf("rand tag nonce len: %x", len);
 175         if (len != 4) return 1;
 176
 177         // "random" reader nonce:
 178         nr[0] = 0x55;
 179         nr[1] = 0x41;
 180         nr[2] = 0x49;
 181         nr[3] = 0x92;
 182
 183         // Save the tag nonce (nt)
 184         nt = bytes_to_num(receivedAnswer, 4);
 185
 186         //  ----------------------------- crypto1 create
 187         if (isNested)
 188                 crypto1_destroy(pcs);
 189
 190         // Init cipher with key
 191         crypto1_create(pcs, ui64Key);
 192
 193         if (isNested == AUTH_NESTED) {
 194                 // decrypt nt with help of new key
 195                 nt = crypto1_word(pcs, nt ^ uid, 1) ^ nt;
 196         } else {
 197                 // Load (plain) uid^nt into the cipher
 198                 crypto1_word(pcs, nt ^ uid, 0);
 199         }
 200
 201         // some statistic
 202         if (!ntptr && (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 3))
 203                 Dbprintf("auth uid: %08x nt: %08x", uid, nt);
 204
 205         // save Nt
 206         if (ntptr)
 207                 *ntptr = nt;
 208
 209         // Generate (encrypted) nr+parity by loading it into the cipher (Nr)
 210         par[0] = 0;
 211         for (pos = 0; pos < 4; pos++)
 212         {
 213                 mf_nr_ar[pos] = crypto1_byte(pcs, nr[pos], 0) ^ nr[pos];
 214                 par[0] |= (((filter(pcs->odd) ^ oddparity(nr[pos])) & 0x01) << (7-pos));
 215         }
 216
 217         // Skip 32 bits in pseudo random generator
 218         nt = prng_successor(nt,32);
 219
 220         //  ar+parity
 221         for (pos = 4; pos < 8; pos++)
 222         {
 223                 nt = prng_successor(nt,8);
 224                 mf_nr_ar[pos] = crypto1_byte(pcs,0x00,0) ^ (nt & 0xff);
 225                 par[0] |= (((filter(pcs->odd) ^ oddparity(nt & 0xff)) & 0x01) << (7-pos));
 226         }
 227
 228         // Transmit reader nonce and reader answer
 229         ReaderTransmitPar(mf_nr_ar, sizeof(mf_nr_ar), par, NULL);
 230
 231         // Receive 4 byte tag answer
 232         len = ReaderReceive(receivedAnswer, receivedAnswerPar);
 233         if (!len)
 234         {
 235                 if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1)   Dbprintf("Authentication failed. Card timeout.");
 236                 return 2;
 237         }
 238
 239         memcpy(tmp4, receivedAnswer, 4);
 240         ntpp = prng_successor(nt, 32) ^ crypto1_word(pcs, 0,0);
 241
 242         if (ntpp != bytes_to_num(tmp4, 4)) {
 243                 if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1)   Dbprintf("Authentication failed. Error card response.");
 244                 return 3;
 245         }
 246
 247         return 0;
 248 }
 249
 250 int mifare_classic_readblock(struct Crypto1State *pcs, uint32_t uid, uint8_t blockNo, uint8_t *blockData)
 251 {
 252         // variables
 253         int len;
 254         uint8_t bt[2];
 255
 256         uint8_t* receivedAnswer = get_bigbufptr_recvrespbuf();
 257         uint8_t* receivedAnswerPar = receivedAnswer + MAX_FRAME_SIZE;
 258
 259         // command MIFARE_CLASSIC_READBLOCK
 260         len = mifare_sendcmd_short(pcs, 1, 0x30, blockNo, receivedAnswer, receivedAnswerPar, NULL);
 261         if (len == 1) {
 262                 if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1)   Dbprintf("Cmd Error: %02x", receivedAnswer[0]);
 263                 return 1;
 264         }
 265         if (len != 18) {
 266                 if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1)   Dbprintf("Cmd Error: card timeout. len: %x", len);
 267                 return 2;
 268         }
 269
 270         memcpy(bt, receivedAnswer + 16, 2);
 271         AppendCrc14443a(receivedAnswer, 16);
 272         if (bt[0] != receivedAnswer[16] || bt[1] != receivedAnswer[17]) {
 273                 if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1)   Dbprintf("Cmd CRC response error.");
 274                 return 3;
 275         }
 276
 277         memcpy(blockData, receivedAnswer, 16);
 278         return 0;
 279 }
 280
 281 int mifare_ultra_readblock(uint32_t uid, uint8_t blockNo, uint8_t *blockData)
 282 {
 283         uint16_t len;
 284         uint8_t bt[2];
 285         uint8_t* receivedAnswer = get_bigbufptr_recvrespbuf();
 286         uint8_t* receivedAnswerPar = receivedAnswer + MAX_FRAME_SIZE;
 287
 288
 289         // command MIFARE_CLASSIC_READBLOCK
 290         len = mifare_sendcmd_short(NULL, 1, 0x30, blockNo, receivedAnswer, receivedAnswerPar, NULL);
 291         if (len == 1) {
 292                 if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= MF_DBG_ERROR)
 293                         Dbprintf("Cmd Error: %02x", receivedAnswer[0]);
 294                 return 1;
 295         }
 296         if (len != 18) {
 297                 if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= MF_DBG_ERROR)
 298                         Dbprintf("Cmd Error: card timeout. len: %x", len);
 299                 return 2;
 300         }
 301
 302         memcpy(bt, receivedAnswer + 16, 2);
 303         AppendCrc14443a(receivedAnswer, 16);
 304         if (bt[0] != receivedAnswer[16] || bt[1] != receivedAnswer[17]) {
 305                 if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= MF_DBG_ERROR)
 306                         Dbprintf("Cmd CRC response error.");
 307                 return 3;
 308         }
 309
 310         memcpy(blockData, receivedAnswer, 14);
 311         return 0;
 312 }
 313
 314
 315 int mifare_classic_writeblock(struct Crypto1State *pcs, uint32_t uid, uint8_t blockNo, uint8_t *blockData)
 316 {
 317         // variables
 318         uint16_t len, i;
 319         uint32_t pos;
 320         uint8_t par[3] = {0};           // enough for 18 Bytes to send
 321         byte_t res;
 322
 323         uint8_t d_block[18], d_block_enc[18];
 324         uint8_t* receivedAnswer = get_bigbufptr_recvrespbuf();
 325         uint8_t* receivedAnswerPar = receivedAnswer + MAX_FRAME_SIZE;
 326
 327         // command MIFARE_CLASSIC_WRITEBLOCK
 328         len = mifare_sendcmd_short(pcs, 1, 0xA0, blockNo, receivedAnswer, receivedAnswerPar, NULL);
 329
 330         if ((len != 1) || (receivedAnswer[0] != 0x0A)) {   //  0x0a - ACK
 331                 if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1)   Dbprintf("Cmd Error: %02x", receivedAnswer[0]);
 332                 return 1;
 333         }
 334
 335         memcpy(d_block, blockData, 16);
 336         AppendCrc14443a(d_block, 16);
 337
 338         // crypto
 339         for (pos = 0; pos < 18; pos++)
 340         {
 341                 d_block_enc[pos] = crypto1_byte(pcs, 0x00, 0) ^ d_block[pos];
 342                 par[pos>>3] |= (((filter(pcs->odd) ^ oddparity(d_block[pos])) & 0x01) << (7 - (pos&0x0007)));
 343         }
 344
 345         ReaderTransmitPar(d_block_enc, sizeof(d_block_enc), par, NULL);
 346
 347         // Receive the response
 348         len = ReaderReceive(receivedAnswer, receivedAnswerPar);
 349
 350         res = 0;
 351         for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
 352                 res |= (crypto1_bit(pcs, 0, 0) ^ BIT(receivedAnswer[0], i)) << i;
 353
 354         if ((len != 1) || (res != 0x0A)) {
 355                 if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1)   Dbprintf("Cmd send data2 Error: %02x", res);
 356                 return 2;
 357         }
 358
 359         return 0;
 360 }
 361
 362 int mifare_ultra_writeblock(uint32_t uid, uint8_t blockNo, uint8_t *blockData)
 363 {
 364     uint16_t len;
 365     uint8_t par[3] = {0};  // enough for 18 parity bits
 366         uint8_t d_block[18] = {0x00};
 367     uint8_t* receivedAnswer = get_bigbufptr_recvrespbuf();
 368         uint8_t* receivedAnswerPar = receivedAnswer + MAX_FRAME_SIZE;
 369
 370     // command MIFARE_CLASSIC_WRITEBLOCK
 371     len = mifare_sendcmd_short(NULL, true, 0xA0, blockNo, receivedAnswer, receivedAnswerPar, NULL);
 372
 373     if ((len != 1) || (receivedAnswer[0] != 0x0A)) {   //  0x0a - ACK
 374                 if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= MF_DBG_ERROR)
 375                         Dbprintf("Cmd Addr Error: %02x", receivedAnswer[0]);
 376         return 1;
 377     }
 378
 379         memcpy(d_block, blockData, 16);
 380     AppendCrc14443a(d_block, 16);
 381
 382         ReaderTransmitPar(d_block, sizeof(d_block), par, NULL);
 383
 384     len = ReaderReceive(receivedAnswer, receivedAnswerPar);
 385
 386         if ((len != 1) || (receivedAnswer[0] != 0x0A)) {   //  0x0a - ACK
 387                 if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= MF_DBG_ERROR)
 388                         Dbprintf("Cmd Data Error: %02x %d", receivedAnswer[0],len);
 389         return 2;
 390     }
 391     return 0;
 392 }
 393
 394 int mifare_ultra_special_writeblock(uint32_t uid, uint8_t blockNo, uint8_t *blockData)
 395 {
 396     uint16_t len;
 397         uint8_t d_block[8] = {0x00};
 398     uint8_t *receivedAnswer = get_bigbufptr_recvrespbuf();
 399         uint8_t *receivedAnswerPar = receivedAnswer + MAX_FRAME_SIZE;
 400
 401     // command MIFARE_CLASSIC_WRITEBLOCK
 402         d_block[0]= blockNo;
 403         memcpy(d_block+1,blockData,4);
 404         AppendCrc14443a(d_block, 6);
 405
 406     len = mifare_sendcmd_short_special(NULL, 1, 0xA2, d_block, receivedAnswer, receivedAnswerPar, NULL);
 407
 408     if (receivedAnswer[0] != 0x0A) {   //  0x0a - ACK
 409                 if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= MF_DBG_ERROR)
 410                         Dbprintf("Cmd Send Error: %02x %d", receivedAnswer[0],len);
 411         return 1;
 412     }
 413 
    return 0;
 414 }
 415
 416 int mifare_classic_halt(struct Crypto1State *pcs, uint32_t uid)
 417 {
 418         uint16_t len;
 419         uint8_t *receivedAnswer = get_bigbufptr_recvrespbuf();
 420         uint8_t *receivedAnswerPar = receivedAnswer + MAX_FRAME_SIZE;
 421
 422         len = mifare_sendcmd_short(pcs, pcs == NULL ? false:true, 0x50, 0x00, receivedAnswer, receivedAnswerPar, NULL);
 423         if (len != 0) {
 424                 if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= MF_DBG_ERROR)
 425                         Dbprintf("halt error. response len: %x", len);
 426                 return 1;
 427         }
 428
 429         return 0;
 430 }
 431
 432 int mifare_ultra_halt(uint32_t uid)
 433 {
 434         uint16_t len;
 435         uint8_t *receivedAnswer = get_bigbufptr_recvrespbuf();
 436         uint8_t *receivedAnswerPar = receivedAnswer + MAX_FRAME_SIZE;
 437
 438         len = mifare_sendcmd_short(NULL, true, 0x50, 0x00, receivedAnswer, receivedAnswerPar, NULL);
 439         if (len != 0) {
 440                 if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= MF_DBG_ERROR)
 441                         Dbprintf("halt error. response len: %x", len);
 442                 return 1;
 443         }
 444         return 0;
 445 }
 446
 447
 448 // Mifare Memory Structure: up to 32 Sectors with 4 blocks each (1k and 2k cards),
 449 // plus evtl. 8 sectors with 16 blocks each (4k cards)
 450 uint8_t NumBlocksPerSector(uint8_t sectorNo)
 451 {
 452         if (sectorNo < 32)
 453                 return 4;
 454         else
 455                 return 16;
 456 }
 457
 458 uint8_t FirstBlockOfSector(uint8_t sectorNo)
 459 {
 460         if (sectorNo < 32)
 461                 return sectorNo * 4;
 462         else
 463                 return 32*4 + (sectorNo - 32) * 16;
 464
 465 }
 466
 467
 468 // work with emulator memory
 469 void emlSetMem(uint8_t *data, int blockNum, int blocksCount) {
 470         uint8_t* emCARD = get_bigbufptr_emlcardmem();
 471         memcpy(emCARD + blockNum * 16, data, blocksCount * 16);
 472 }
 473
 474 void emlGetMem(uint8_t *data, int blockNum, int blocksCount) {
 475         uint8_t* emCARD = get_bigbufptr_emlcardmem();
 476         memcpy(data, emCARD + blockNum * 16, blocksCount * 16);
 477 }
 478
 479 void emlGetMemBt(uint8_t *data, int bytePtr, int byteCount) {
 480         uint8_t* emCARD = get_bigbufptr_emlcardmem();
 481         memcpy(data, emCARD + bytePtr, byteCount);
 482 }
 483
 484 int emlCheckValBl(int blockNum) {
 485         uint8_t* emCARD = get_bigbufptr_emlcardmem();
 486         uint8_t* data = emCARD + blockNum * 16;
 487
 488         if ((data[0] != (data[4] ^ 0xff)) || (data[0] != data[8]) ||
 489                         (data[1] != (data[5] ^ 0xff)) || (data[1] != data[9]) ||
 490                         (data[2] != (data[6] ^ 0xff)) || (data[2] != data[10]) ||
 491                         (data[3] != (data[7] ^ 0xff)) || (data[3] != data[11]) ||
 492                         (data[12] != (data[13] ^ 0xff)) || (data[12] != data[14]) ||
 493                         (data[12] != (data[15] ^ 0xff))
 494                  )
 495                 return 1;
 496         return 0;
 497 }
 498
 499 int emlGetValBl(uint32_t *blReg, uint8_t *blBlock, int blockNum) {
 500         uint8_t* emCARD = get_bigbufptr_emlcardmem();
 501         uint8_t* data = emCARD + blockNum * 16;
 502
 503         if (emlCheckValBl(blockNum)) {
 504                 return 1;
 505         }
 506
 507         memcpy(blReg, data, 4);
 508         *blBlock = data[12];
 509         return 0;
 510 }
 511
 512 int emlSetValBl(uint32_t blReg, uint8_t blBlock, int blockNum) {
 513         uint8_t* emCARD = get_bigbufptr_emlcardmem();
 514         uint8_t* data = emCARD + blockNum * 16;
 515
 516         memcpy(data + 0, &blReg, 4);
 517         memcpy(data + 8, &blReg, 4);
 518         blReg = blReg ^ 0xffffffff;
 519         memcpy(data + 4, &blReg, 4);
 520
 521         data[12] = blBlock;
 522         data[13] = blBlock ^ 0xff;
 523         data[14] = blBlock;
 524         data[15] = blBlock ^ 0xff;
 525
 526         return 0;
 527 }
 528
 529 uint64_t emlGetKey(int sectorNum, int keyType) {
 530         uint8_t key[6];
 531         uint8_t* emCARD = get_bigbufptr_emlcardmem();
 532
 533         memcpy(key, emCARD + 16 * (FirstBlockOfSector(sectorNum) + NumBlocksPerSector(sectorNum) - 1) + keyType * 10, 6);
 534         return bytes_to_num(key, 6);
 535 }
 536
 537 void emlClearMem(void) {
 538         int b;
 539
 540         const uint8_t trailer[] = {0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x07, 0x80, 0x69, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff};
 541         const uint8_t uid[]   =   {0xe6, 0x84, 0x87, 0xf3, 0x16, 0x88, 0x04, 0x00, 0x46, 0x8e, 0x45, 0x55, 0x4d, 0x70, 0x41, 0x04};
 542         uint8_t* emCARD = get_bigbufptr_emlcardmem();
 543
 544         memset(emCARD, 0, CARD_MEMORY_SIZE);
 545
 546         // fill sectors trailer data
 547         for(b = 3; b < 256; b<127?(b+=4):(b+=16)) {
 548                 emlSetMem((uint8_t *)trailer, b , 1);
 549         }
 550
 551         // uid
 552         emlSetMem((uint8_t *)uid, 0, 1);
 553         return;
 554 }