hf mf mifare: (finally) fix watchdog reset

[proxmark3-svn] / client / cmddata.c

diff --git a/client/cmddata.c b/client/cmddata.c
index e2e2ca6dd30d763a279cbf1746651300fd640762..22da18053c4f80b35e899dbf029c67454e43111a 100644 (file)
--- a/client/cmddata.c
+++ b/client/cmddata.c
@@ -23,10 +23,12 @@
 #include "lfdemod.h"
 #include "usb_cmd.h"
 #include "crc.h"
 #include "lfdemod.h"
 #include "usb_cmd.h"
 #include "crc.h"

+#include "crc16.h"
+#include "loclass/cipherutils.h"

 
 uint8_t DemodBuffer[MAX_DEMOD_BUF_LEN];
 
 uint8_t DemodBuffer[MAX_DEMOD_BUF_LEN];

-uint8_t g_debugMode;
-int DemodBufferLen;
+uint8_t g_debugMode=0;
+size_t DemodBufferLen=0;

 static int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd);
 
 //set the demod buffer with given array of binary (one bit per byte)
 static int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd);
 
 //set the demod buffer with given array of binary (one bit per byte)


@@ -55,6 +57,15 @@ int CmdSetDebugMode(const char *Cmd)
        return 1;
 }
 
        return 1;
 }
 

+int usage_data_printdemodbuf(){
+               PrintAndLog("Usage: data printdemodbuffer x o <offset>");
+               PrintAndLog("Options:        ");
+               PrintAndLog("       h          This help");
+               PrintAndLog("       x          output in hex (omit for binary output)");
+               PrintAndLog("       o <offset> enter offset in # of bits");
+               return 0;       
+}
+

 //by marshmellow
 void printDemodBuff(void)
 {
 //by marshmellow
 void printDemodBuff(void)
 {


@@ -73,23 +84,50 @@ void printDemodBuff(void)
 
 int CmdPrintDemodBuff(const char *Cmd)
 {
 
 int CmdPrintDemodBuff(const char *Cmd)
 {

-       char hex;
-       char printBuff[512]={0x00};
-       uint8_t numBits = DemodBufferLen & 0xFFFC;
-       sscanf(Cmd, "%c", &hex);
-       if (hex == 'h'){
-               PrintAndLog("Usage: data printdemodbuffer [x]");
-               PrintAndLog("Options:        ");
-               PrintAndLog("       h       This help");
-               PrintAndLog("       x       output in hex (omit for binary output)");
-               return 0;
+       char hex[512]={0x00};
+       bool hexMode = false;
+       bool errors = false;
+       uint8_t offset = 0;
+       char cmdp = 0;
+       while(param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp) != 0x00)
+       {
+               switch(param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp))
+               {
+               case 'h':
+               case 'H':
+                       return usage_data_printdemodbuf();
+               case 'x':
+               case 'X':
+                       hexMode = true;
+                       cmdp++;
+                       break;
+               case 'o':
+               case 'O':
+                       offset = param_get8(Cmd, cmdp+1);
+                       if (!offset) errors = true;
+                       cmdp += 2;
+                       break;
+               default:
+                       PrintAndLog("Unknown parameter '%c'", param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp));
+                       errors = true;
+                       break;
+               }
+               if(errors) break;

        }
        }

-       if (hex == 'x'){
-               numBits = binarraytohex(printBuff, (char *)DemodBuffer, numBits);
+       //Validations
+       if(errors) return usage_data_printdemodbuf();
+
+       int numBits = (DemodBufferLen-offset) & 0x7FC; //make sure we don't exceed our string
+
+       if (hexMode){
+               char *buf = (char *) (DemodBuffer + offset);
+               numBits = binarraytohex(hex, buf, numBits);

                if (numBits==0) return 0;
                if (numBits==0) return 0;

-               PrintAndLog("DemodBuffer: %s",printBuff);
+               PrintAndLog("DemodBuffer: %s",hex);             

        } else {
        } else {

-               printDemodBuff();
+               //setDemodBuf(DemodBuffer, DemodBufferLen-offset, offset);
+               char *bin = sprint_bin_break(DemodBuffer+offset,numBits,16);
+               PrintAndLog("DemodBuffer:\n%s",bin);

        }
        return 1;
 }
        }
        return 1;
 }


@@ -208,22 +246,34 @@ void printEM410x(uint32_t hi, uint64_t id)
        return;
 }
 
        return;
 }
 

-
-int AskEm410xDemod(const char *Cmd, uint32_t *hi, uint64_t *lo)
+int AskEm410xDecode(bool verbose, uint32_t *hi, uint64_t *lo )

 {
 {

-       int ans = ASKmanDemod(Cmd, FALSE, FALSE);
-       if (!ans) return 0;
-
-       size_t idx=0;
-       if (Em410xDecode(DemodBuffer,(size_t *) &DemodBufferLen, &idx, hi, lo)){
+       size_t idx = 0;
+       size_t BitLen = DemodBufferLen;
+       uint8_t BitStream[MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN]={0};
+       memcpy(BitStream, DemodBuffer, BitLen); 
+       if (Em410xDecode(BitStream, &BitLen, &idx, hi, lo)){
+               //set GraphBuffer for clone or sim command
+               setDemodBuf(BitStream, BitLen, idx);

                if (g_debugMode){
                if (g_debugMode){

-                       PrintAndLog("DEBUG: idx: %d, Len: %d, Printing Demod Buffer:", idx, DemodBufferLen);
+                       PrintAndLog("DEBUG: idx: %d, Len: %d, Printing Demod Buffer:", idx, BitLen);

                        printDemodBuff();
                }
                        printDemodBuff();
                }

+               if (verbose){
+                       PrintAndLog("EM410x pattern found: ");
+                       printEM410x(*hi, *lo);
+               }

                return 1;
        }
        return 0;
 }
                return 1;
        }
        return 0;
 }

+
+int AskEm410xDemod(const char *Cmd, uint32_t *hi, uint64_t *lo, bool verbose)
+{
+       if (!ASKDemod(Cmd, FALSE, FALSE, 1)) return 0;
+       return AskEm410xDecode(verbose, hi, lo);
+}
+

 //by marshmellow
 //takes 3 arguments - clock, invert and maxErr as integers
 //attempts to demodulate ask while decoding manchester
 //by marshmellow
 //takes 3 arguments - clock, invert and maxErr as integers
 //attempts to demodulate ask while decoding manchester


@@ -244,28 +294,28 @@ int CmdAskEM410xDemod(const char *Cmd)
                PrintAndLog("          : data askem410xdemod 64 1 0 = demod an EM410x Tag ID from GraphBuffer using a clock of RF/64 and inverting data and allowing 0 demod errors");
                return 0;
        }
                PrintAndLog("          : data askem410xdemod 64 1 0 = demod an EM410x Tag ID from GraphBuffer using a clock of RF/64 and inverting data and allowing 0 demod errors");
                return 0;
        }

-       uint32_t hi = 0;

        uint64_t lo = 0;
        uint64_t lo = 0;

-       if (AskEm410xDemod(Cmd, &hi, &lo)) {
-               PrintAndLog("EM410x pattern found: ");
-               printEM410x(hi, lo);
-               return 1;
-       }
-       return 0;
+       uint32_t hi = 0;
+       return AskEm410xDemod(Cmd, &hi, &lo, true);

 }
 
 }
 

-int ASKmanDemod(const char *Cmd, bool verbose, bool emSearch)
+//by marshmellow
+//Cmd Args: Clock, invert, maxErr, maxLen as integers and amplify as char == 'a'
+//   (amp may not be needed anymore)
+//verbose will print results and demoding messages
+//emSearch will auto search for EM410x format in bitstream
+//askType switches decode: ask/raw = 0, ask/manchester = 1 
+int ASKDemod(const char *Cmd, bool verbose, bool emSearch, uint8_t askType)

 {
        int invert=0;
        int clk=0;
        int maxErr=100;
 {
        int invert=0;
        int clk=0;
        int maxErr=100;

-       int maxLen=512*64;
-       //param_getdec(Cmd, 0, &clk);
-       //param_getdec(Cmd, 1, &invert);
-       //maxErr = param_get32ex(Cmd, 2, 0xFFFFFFFF, 10);
-       //if (maxErr == 0xFFFFFFFF) maxErr=100;
+       int maxLen=0;
+       uint8_t askAmp = 0;
+       char amp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);

        uint8_t BitStream[MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN]={0};
        uint8_t BitStream[MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN]={0};

-       sscanf(Cmd, "%i %i %i %i", &clk, &invert, &maxErr, &maxLen);
+       sscanf(Cmd, "%i %i %i %i %c", &clk, &invert, &maxErr, &maxLen, &amp);
+       if (!maxLen) maxLen = 512*64;

        if (invert != 0 && invert != 1) {
                PrintAndLog("Invalid argument: %s", Cmd);
                return 0;
        if (invert != 0 && invert != 1) {
                PrintAndLog("Invalid argument: %s", Cmd);
                return 0;


@@ -274,12 +324,14 @@ int ASKmanDemod(const char *Cmd, bool verbose, bool emSearch)
                invert=1;
                clk=0;
        }
                invert=1;
                clk=0;
        }

+       if (amp == 'a' || amp == 'A') askAmp=1; 

        size_t BitLen = getFromGraphBuf(BitStream);
        if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("DEBUG: Bitlen from grphbuff: %d",BitLen);
        size_t BitLen = getFromGraphBuf(BitStream);
        if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("DEBUG: Bitlen from grphbuff: %d",BitLen);

-       if (!BitLen) return 0;
+       if (BitLen<255) return 0;

        if (maxLen<BitLen && maxLen != 0) BitLen = maxLen;
        if (maxLen<BitLen && maxLen != 0) BitLen = maxLen;

-       int errCnt = askmandemod(BitStream, &BitLen, &clk, &invert, maxErr);
-       if (errCnt<0||BitLen<16){  //if fatal error (or -1)
+
+       int errCnt = askdemod(BitStream, &BitLen, &clk, &invert, maxErr, askAmp, askType);
+       if (errCnt<0 || BitLen<16){  //if fatal error (or -1)

                if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("DEBUG: no data found %d, errors:%d, bitlen:%d, clock:%d",errCnt,invert,BitLen,clk);
                return 0;
        }
                if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("DEBUG: no data found %d, errors:%d, bitlen:%d, clock:%d",errCnt,invert,BitLen,clk);
                return 0;
        }


@@ -290,45 +342,37 @@ int ASKmanDemod(const char *Cmd, bool verbose, bool emSearch)
        if (verbose || g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("\nUsing Clock:%d, Invert:%d, Bits Found:%d",clk,invert,BitLen);
 
        //output
        if (verbose || g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("\nUsing Clock:%d, Invert:%d, Bits Found:%d",clk,invert,BitLen);
 
        //output

-       if (errCnt>0){
-               if (verbose || g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("# Errors during Demoding (shown as 7 in bit stream): %d",errCnt);
-       }
-       if (verbose || g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("ASK/Manchester decoded bitstream:");
-       // Now output the bitstream to the scrollback by line of 16 bits

        setDemodBuf(BitStream,BitLen,0);
        setDemodBuf(BitStream,BitLen,0);

-       if (verbose || g_debugMode) printDemodBuff();
-       uint64_t lo =0;
-       uint32_t hi =0;
-       size_t idx=0;
+       if (verbose || g_debugMode){
+               if (errCnt>0) PrintAndLog("# Errors during Demoding (shown as 7 in bit stream): %d",errCnt);
+               if (askType) PrintAndLog("ASK/Manchester - Clock: %d - Decoded bitstream:",clk);
+               else PrintAndLog("ASK/Raw - Clock: %d - Decoded bitstream:",clk);
+               // Now output the bitstream to the scrollback by line of 16 bits
+               printDemodBuff();
+               
+       }
+       uint64_t lo = 0;
+       uint32_t hi = 0;

        if (emSearch){
        if (emSearch){

-               if (Em410xDecode(BitStream, &BitLen, &idx, &hi, &lo)){
-                       //set GraphBuffer for clone or sim command
-                       setDemodBuf(BitStream, BitLen, idx);
-                       if (g_debugMode){
-                               PrintAndLog("DEBUG: idx: %d, Len: %d, Printing Demod Buffer:", idx, BitLen);
-                               printDemodBuff();
-                       }
-                       if (verbose) PrintAndLog("EM410x pattern found: ");
-                       if (verbose) printEM410x(hi, lo);
-                       return 1;
-               }
+               AskEm410xDecode(true, &hi, &lo);

        }
        return 1;
 }
 
 //by marshmellow
        }
        return 1;
 }
 
 //by marshmellow

-//takes 3 arguments - clock, invert, maxErr as integers
+//takes 5 arguments - clock, invert, maxErr, maxLen as integers and amplify as char == 'a'

 //attempts to demodulate ask while decoding manchester
 //prints binary found and saves in graphbuffer for further commands
 int Cmdaskmandemod(const char *Cmd)
 {
        char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
 //attempts to demodulate ask while decoding manchester
 //prints binary found and saves in graphbuffer for further commands
 int Cmdaskmandemod(const char *Cmd)
 {
        char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);

-       if (strlen(Cmd) > 20 || cmdp == 'h' || cmdp == 'H') {
-               PrintAndLog("Usage:  data rawdemod am [clock] <0|1> [maxError] [setSmplLen]");
-               PrintAndLog("     [set clock as integer] optional, if not set, autodetect.");
-               PrintAndLog("     <invert>, 1 for invert output");
-               PrintAndLog("     [set maximum allowed errors], default = 100.");
-               PrintAndLog("     [set maximum Samples to read], default = 32768 (512 bits at rf/64).");
+       if (strlen(Cmd) > 25 || cmdp == 'h' || cmdp == 'H') {
+               PrintAndLog("Usage:  data rawdemod am [clock] <invert> [maxError] [maxLen] [amplify]");
+               PrintAndLog("     [set clock as integer] optional, if not set, autodetect");
+               PrintAndLog("     <invert>, 1 to invert output");
+               PrintAndLog("     [set maximum allowed errors], default = 100");
+               PrintAndLog("     [set maximum Samples to read], default = 32768 (512 bits at rf/64)");
+               PrintAndLog("     <amplify>, 'a' to attempt demod with ask amplification, default = no amp");

                PrintAndLog("");
                PrintAndLog("    sample: data rawdemod am        = demod an ask/manchester tag from GraphBuffer");
                PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod am 32     = demod an ask/manchester tag from GraphBuffer using a clock of RF/32");
                PrintAndLog("");
                PrintAndLog("    sample: data rawdemod am        = demod an ask/manchester tag from GraphBuffer");
                PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod am 32     = demod an ask/manchester tag from GraphBuffer using a clock of RF/32");


@@ -337,7 +381,7 @@ int Cmdaskmandemod(const char *Cmd)
                PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod am 64 1 0 = demod an ask/manchester tag from GraphBuffer using a clock of RF/64, inverting data and allowing 0 demod errors");
                return 0;
        }
                PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod am 64 1 0 = demod an ask/manchester tag from GraphBuffer using a clock of RF/64, inverting data and allowing 0 demod errors");
                return 0;
        }

-       return ASKmanDemod(Cmd, TRUE, TRUE);
+       return ASKDemod(Cmd, TRUE, TRUE, 1);

 }
 
 //by marshmellow
 }
 
 //by marshmellow


@@ -348,12 +392,15 @@ int Cmdmandecoderaw(const char *Cmd)
        int i =0;
        int errCnt=0;
        size_t size=0;
        int i =0;
        int errCnt=0;
        size_t size=0;

-       size_t maxErr = 20;
+       int invert=0;
+       int maxErr = 20;

        char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
        char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);

-       if (strlen(Cmd) > 1 || cmdp == 'h' || cmdp == 'H') {
-               PrintAndLog("Usage:  data manrawdecode");
+       if (strlen(Cmd) > 5 || cmdp == 'h' || cmdp == 'H') {
+               PrintAndLog("Usage:  data manrawdecode [invert] [maxErr]");

                PrintAndLog("     Takes 10 and 01 and converts to 0 and 1 respectively");
                PrintAndLog("     --must have binary sequence in demodbuffer (run data askrawdemod first)");
                PrintAndLog("     Takes 10 and 01 and converts to 0 and 1 respectively");
                PrintAndLog("     --must have binary sequence in demodbuffer (run data askrawdemod first)");

+               PrintAndLog("  [invert]  invert output");               
+               PrintAndLog("  [maxErr]  set number of errors allowed (default = 20)");         

                PrintAndLog("");
                PrintAndLog("    sample: data manrawdecode   = decode manchester bitstream from the demodbuffer");
                return 0;
                PrintAndLog("");
                PrintAndLog("    sample: data manrawdecode   = decode manchester bitstream from the demodbuffer");
                return 0;


@@ -366,12 +413,14 @@ int Cmdmandecoderaw(const char *Cmd)
                else if(DemodBuffer[i]<low) low=DemodBuffer[i];
                BitStream[i]=DemodBuffer[i];
        }
                else if(DemodBuffer[i]<low) low=DemodBuffer[i];
                BitStream[i]=DemodBuffer[i];
        }

-       if (high>1 || low <0 ){
+       if (high>7 || low <0 ){

                PrintAndLog("Error: please raw demod the wave first then manchester raw decode");
                return 0;
        }
                PrintAndLog("Error: please raw demod the wave first then manchester raw decode");
                return 0;
        }

+
+       sscanf(Cmd, "%i %i", &invert, &maxErr);

        size=i;
        size=i;

-       errCnt=manrawdecode(BitStream, &size);
+       errCnt=manrawdecode(BitStream, &size, invert);

        if (errCnt>=maxErr){
                PrintAndLog("Too many errors: %d",errCnt);
                return 0;
        if (errCnt>=maxErr){
                PrintAndLog("Too many errors: %d",errCnt);
                return 0;


@@ -445,81 +494,25 @@ int CmdBiphaseDecodeRaw(const char *Cmd)
        return 1;
 }
 
        return 1;
 }
 

-//by marshmellow
-//takes 4 arguments - clock, invert, maxErr as integers and amplify as char
-//attempts to demodulate ask only
-//prints binary found and saves in graphbuffer for further commands
-int ASKrawDemod(const char *Cmd, bool verbose)
-{
-       int invert=0;
-       int clk=0;
-       int maxErr=100;
-       uint8_t askAmp = 0;
-       char amp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
-       uint8_t BitStream[MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN]={0};
-       sscanf(Cmd, "%i %i %i %c", &clk, &invert, &maxErr, &amp);
-       if (invert != 0 && invert != 1) {
-               if (verbose || g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("Invalid argument: %s", Cmd);
-               return 0;
-       }
-       if (clk==1){
-               invert=1;
-               clk=0;
-       }
-       if (amp == 'a' || amp == 'A') askAmp=1; 
-       size_t BitLen = getFromGraphBuf(BitStream);
-       if (BitLen==0) return 0;
-       int errCnt = askrawdemod(BitStream, &BitLen, &clk, &invert, maxErr, askAmp);
-       if (errCnt==-1||BitLen<16){  //throw away static - allow 1 and -1 (in case of threshold command first)
-               if (verbose || g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("no data found");
-               if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("errCnt: %d, BitLen: %d, clk: %d, invert: %d", errCnt, BitLen, clk, invert);
-               return 0;
-       }
-       if (errCnt>maxErr) {
-               if (g_debugMode) 
-                       PrintAndLog("Too many errors found, errCnt: %d, BitLen: %d, clk: %d, invert: %d", errCnt, BitLen, clk, invert);
-               return 0;
-       }
-       if (verbose || g_debugMode) 
-               PrintAndLog("Using Clock: %d - invert: %d - Bits Found: %d", clk, invert, BitLen);
-       
-       //move BitStream back to DemodBuffer
-       setDemodBuf(BitStream,BitLen,0);
-
-       //output
-       if (errCnt>0 && (verbose || g_debugMode)){
-               PrintAndLog("# Errors during Demoding (shown as 7 in bit stream): %d", errCnt);
-       }
-       if (verbose || g_debugMode){
-               PrintAndLog("ASK demoded bitstream:");
-               // Now output the bitstream to the scrollback by line of 16 bits
-               printDemodBuff();
-       } 
-       return 1;
-}
-

 //by marshmellow
 // - ASK Demod then Biphase decode GraphBuffer samples
 int ASKbiphaseDemod(const char *Cmd, bool verbose)
 {
        //ask raw demod GraphBuffer first
 //by marshmellow
 // - ASK Demod then Biphase decode GraphBuffer samples
 int ASKbiphaseDemod(const char *Cmd, bool verbose)
 {
        //ask raw demod GraphBuffer first

-       int offset=0, clk=0, invert=0, maxErr=0, ans=0;
-       ans = sscanf(Cmd, "%i %i %i %i", &offset, &clk, &invert, &maxErr);
-       if (ans>0)
-               ans = ASKrawDemod(Cmd+1, FALSE);
-       else
-               ans = ASKrawDemod(Cmd, FALSE);
-       if (!ans) {
-               if (g_debugMode || verbose) PrintAndLog("Error AskrawDemod: %d", ans);
-               return 0;
-       }
-
-       //attempt to Biphase decode DemodBuffer
-       size_t size = DemodBufferLen;
-       uint8_t BitStream[MAX_DEMOD_BUF_LEN];
-       memcpy(BitStream, DemodBuffer, DemodBufferLen); 
+       int offset=0, clk=0, invert=0, maxErr=0;
+       sscanf(Cmd, "%i %i %i %i", &offset, &clk, &invert, &maxErr);
+
+       uint8_t BitStream[MAX_DEMOD_BUF_LEN];     
+       size_t size = getFromGraphBuf(BitStream);         
+       //invert here inverts the ask raw demoded bits which has no effect on the demod, but we need the pointer
+       int errCnt = askdemod(BitStream, &size, &clk, &invert, maxErr, 0, 0);  
+       if ( errCnt < 0 || errCnt > maxErr ) {   
+               if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("DEBUG: no data or error found %d, clock: %d", errCnt, clk);  
+                       return 0;  
+       } 

 
 

-       int errCnt = BiphaseRawDecode(BitStream, &size, offset, invert);
+       //attempt to Biphase decode BitStream
+       errCnt = BiphaseRawDecode(BitStream, &size, offset, invert);

        if (errCnt < 0){
                if (g_debugMode || verbose) PrintAndLog("Error BiphaseRawDecode: %d", errCnt);
                return 0;
        if (errCnt < 0){
                if (g_debugMode || verbose) PrintAndLog("Error BiphaseRawDecode: %d", errCnt);
                return 0;


@@ -531,7 +524,7 @@ int ASKbiphaseDemod(const char *Cmd, bool verbose)
        //success set DemodBuffer and return
        setDemodBuf(BitStream, size, 0);
        if (g_debugMode || verbose){
        //success set DemodBuffer and return
        setDemodBuf(BitStream, size, 0);
        if (g_debugMode || verbose){

-               PrintAndLog("Biphase Decoded using offset: %d - # errors:%d - data:",offset,errCnt);
+               PrintAndLog("Biphase Decoded using offset: %d - clock: %d - # errors:%d - data:",offset,clk,errCnt);

                printDemodBuff();
        }
        return 1;
                printDemodBuff();
        }
        return 1;


@@ -540,12 +533,13 @@ int ASKbiphaseDemod(const char *Cmd, bool verbose)
 int Cmdaskbiphdemod(const char *Cmd)
 {
        char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
 int Cmdaskbiphdemod(const char *Cmd)
 {
        char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);

-       if (strlen(Cmd) > 12 || cmdp == 'h' || cmdp == 'H') {
-               PrintAndLog("Usage:  data rawdemod ab [offset] [clock] <invert> [maxError] <amplify>");
+       if (strlen(Cmd) > 25 || cmdp == 'h' || cmdp == 'H') {
+               PrintAndLog("Usage:  data rawdemod ab [offset] [clock] <invert> [maxError] [maxLen] <amplify>");

                PrintAndLog("     [offset], offset to begin biphase, default=0");
                PrintAndLog("     [set clock as integer] optional, if not set, autodetect");
                PrintAndLog("     <invert>, 1 to invert output");
                PrintAndLog("     [set maximum allowed errors], default = 100");
                PrintAndLog("     [offset], offset to begin biphase, default=0");
                PrintAndLog("     [set clock as integer] optional, if not set, autodetect");
                PrintAndLog("     <invert>, 1 to invert output");
                PrintAndLog("     [set maximum allowed errors], default = 100");

+               PrintAndLog("     [set maximum Samples to read], default = 32768 (512 bits at rf/64)");

                PrintAndLog("     <amplify>, 'a' to attempt demod with ask amplification, default = no amp");
                PrintAndLog("     NOTE: <invert>  can be entered as second or third argument");
                PrintAndLog("     NOTE: <amplify> can be entered as first, second or last argument");
                PrintAndLog("     <amplify>, 'a' to attempt demod with ask amplification, default = no amp");
                PrintAndLog("     NOTE: <invert>  can be entered as second or third argument");
                PrintAndLog("     NOTE: <amplify> can be entered as first, second or last argument");


@@ -553,13 +547,13 @@ int Cmdaskbiphdemod(const char *Cmd)
                PrintAndLog("");
                PrintAndLog("     NOTE: --invert for Conditional Dephase Encoding (CDP) AKA Differential Manchester");
                PrintAndLog("");
                PrintAndLog("");
                PrintAndLog("     NOTE: --invert for Conditional Dephase Encoding (CDP) AKA Differential Manchester");
                PrintAndLog("");

-               PrintAndLog("    sample: data rawdemod ab            = demod an ask/biph tag from GraphBuffer");
-               PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod ab a          = demod an ask/biph tag from GraphBuffer, amplified");
-               PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod ab 1 32       = demod an ask/biph tag from GraphBuffer using an offset of 1 and a clock of RF/32");
-               PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod ab 0 32 1     = demod an ask/biph tag from GraphBuffer using a clock of RF/32 and inverting data");
-               PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod ab 0 1        = demod an ask/biph tag from GraphBuffer while inverting data");
-               PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod ab 0 64 1 0   = demod an ask/biph tag from GraphBuffer using a clock of RF/64, inverting data and allowing 0 demod errors");
-               PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod ab 0 64 1 0 a = demod an ask/biph tag from GraphBuffer using a clock of RF/64, inverting data and allowing 0 demod errors, and amp");
+               PrintAndLog("    sample: data rawdemod ab              = demod an ask/biph tag from GraphBuffer");
+               PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod ab 0 a          = demod an ask/biph tag from GraphBuffer, amplified");
+               PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod ab 1 32         = demod an ask/biph tag from GraphBuffer using an offset of 1 and a clock of RF/32");
+               PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod ab 0 32 1       = demod an ask/biph tag from GraphBuffer using a clock of RF/32 and inverting data");
+               PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod ab 0 1          = demod an ask/biph tag from GraphBuffer while inverting data");
+               PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod ab 0 64 1 0     = demod an ask/biph tag from GraphBuffer using a clock of RF/64, inverting data and allowing 0 demod errors");
+               PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod ab 0 64 1 0 0 a = demod an ask/biph tag from GraphBuffer using a clock of RF/64, inverting data and allowing 0 demod errors, and amp");

                return 0;
        }
        return ASKbiphaseDemod(Cmd, TRUE);
                return 0;
        }
        return ASKbiphaseDemod(Cmd, TRUE);


@@ -643,27 +637,28 @@ int CmdG_Prox_II_Demod(const char *Cmd)
        return 1;
 }
 
        return 1;
 }
 

-//by marshmellow - see ASKrawDemod
+//by marshmellow - see ASKDemod

 int Cmdaskrawdemod(const char *Cmd)
 {
        char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
 int Cmdaskrawdemod(const char *Cmd)
 {
        char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);

-       if (strlen(Cmd) > 12 || cmdp == 'h' || cmdp == 'H') {
-               PrintAndLog("Usage:  data rawdemod ar [clock] <invert> [maxError] [amplify]");
+       if (strlen(Cmd) > 25 || cmdp == 'h' || cmdp == 'H') {
+               PrintAndLog("Usage:  data rawdemod ar [clock] <invert> [maxError] [maxLen] [amplify]");

                PrintAndLog("     [set clock as integer] optional, if not set, autodetect");
                PrintAndLog("     <invert>, 1 to invert output");
                PrintAndLog("     [set maximum allowed errors], default = 100");
                PrintAndLog("     [set clock as integer] optional, if not set, autodetect");
                PrintAndLog("     <invert>, 1 to invert output");
                PrintAndLog("     [set maximum allowed errors], default = 100");

+               PrintAndLog("     [set maximum Samples to read], default = 32768 (1024 bits at rf/64)");

                PrintAndLog("     <amplify>, 'a' to attempt demod with ask amplification, default = no amp");
                PrintAndLog("");
                PrintAndLog("     <amplify>, 'a' to attempt demod with ask amplification, default = no amp");
                PrintAndLog("");

-               PrintAndLog("    sample: data rawdemod ar          = demod an ask tag from GraphBuffer");
-               PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod ar a        = demod an ask tag from GraphBuffer, amplified");
-               PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod ar 32       = demod an ask tag from GraphBuffer using a clock of RF/32");
-               PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod ar 32 1     = demod an ask tag from GraphBuffer using a clock of RF/32 and inverting data");
-               PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod ar 1        = demod an ask tag from GraphBuffer while inverting data");
-               PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod ar 64 1 0   = demod an ask tag from GraphBuffer using a clock of RF/64, inverting data and allowing 0 demod errors");
-               PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod ar 64 1 0 a = demod an ask tag from GraphBuffer using a clock of RF/64, inverting data and allowing 0 demod errors, and amp");
+               PrintAndLog("    sample: data rawdemod ar            = demod an ask tag from GraphBuffer");
+               PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod ar a          = demod an ask tag from GraphBuffer, amplified");
+               PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod ar 32         = demod an ask tag from GraphBuffer using a clock of RF/32");
+               PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod ar 32 1       = demod an ask tag from GraphBuffer using a clock of RF/32 and inverting data");
+               PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod ar 1          = demod an ask tag from GraphBuffer while inverting data");
+               PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod ar 64 1 0     = demod an ask tag from GraphBuffer using a clock of RF/64, inverting data and allowing 0 demod errors");
+               PrintAndLog("          : data rawdemod ar 64 1 0 0 a = demod an ask tag from GraphBuffer using a clock of RF/64, inverting data and allowing 0 demod errors, and amp");

                return 0;
        }
                return 0;
        }

-       return ASKrawDemod(Cmd, TRUE);
+       return ASKDemod(Cmd, TRUE, FALSE, 0);

 }
 
 int AutoCorrelate(int window, bool SaveGrph, bool verbose)
 }
 
 int AutoCorrelate(int window, bool SaveGrph, bool verbose)


@@ -846,24 +841,14 @@ int CmdAskEdgeDetect(const char *Cmd)
 {
        int thresLen = 25;
        sscanf(Cmd, "%i", &thresLen); 
 {
        int thresLen = 25;
        sscanf(Cmd, "%i", &thresLen); 

-       int shift = 127;
-       int shiftedVal=0;
+

        for(int i = 1; i<GraphTraceLen; i++){
                if (GraphBuffer[i]-GraphBuffer[i-1]>=thresLen) //large jump up
        for(int i = 1; i<GraphTraceLen; i++){
                if (GraphBuffer[i]-GraphBuffer[i-1]>=thresLen) //large jump up

-                       shift=127;
+                       GraphBuffer[i-1] = 127;

                else if(GraphBuffer[i]-GraphBuffer[i-1]<=-1*thresLen) //large jump down
                else if(GraphBuffer[i]-GraphBuffer[i-1]<=-1*thresLen) //large jump down

-                       shift=-127;
-
-               shiftedVal=GraphBuffer[i]+shift;
-
-               if (shiftedVal>127) 
-                       shiftedVal=127;
-               else if (shiftedVal<-127) 
-                       shiftedVal=-127;
-               GraphBuffer[i-1] = shiftedVal;
+                       GraphBuffer[i-1] = -127;

        }
        RepaintGraphWindow();
        }
        RepaintGraphWindow();

-       //CmdNorm("");

        return 0;
 }
 
        return 0;
 }
 


@@ -873,9 +858,10 @@ int CmdAskEdgeDetect(const char *Cmd)
 int CmdDetectClockRate(const char *Cmd)
 {
        char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
 int CmdDetectClockRate(const char *Cmd)
 {
        char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);

-       if (strlen(Cmd) > 3 || strlen(Cmd) == 0 || cmdp == 'h' || cmdp == 'H') {
-               PrintAndLog("Usage:  data detectclock [modulation]");
+       if (strlen(Cmd) > 6 || strlen(Cmd) == 0 || cmdp == 'h' || cmdp == 'H') {
+               PrintAndLog("Usage:  data detectclock [modulation] <clock>");

                PrintAndLog("     [modulation as char], specify the modulation type you want to detect the clock of");
                PrintAndLog("     [modulation as char], specify the modulation type you want to detect the clock of");

+               PrintAndLog("     <clock>             , specify the clock (optional - to get best start position only)");

                PrintAndLog("       'a' = ask, 'f' = fsk, 'n' = nrz/direct, 'p' = psk");
                PrintAndLog("");
                PrintAndLog("    sample: data detectclock a    = detect the clock of an ask modulated wave in the GraphBuffer");
                PrintAndLog("       'a' = ask, 'f' = fsk, 'n' = nrz/direct, 'p' = psk");
                PrintAndLog("");
                PrintAndLog("    sample: data detectclock a    = detect the clock of an ask modulated wave in the GraphBuffer");


@@ -885,7 +871,7 @@ int CmdDetectClockRate(const char *Cmd)
        }
        int ans=0;
        if (cmdp == 'a'){
        }
        int ans=0;
        if (cmdp == 'a'){

-               ans = GetAskClock("", true, false);
+               ans = GetAskClock(Cmd+1, true, false);

        } else if (cmdp == 'f'){
                ans = GetFskClock("", true, false);
        } else if (cmdp == 'n'){
        } else if (cmdp == 'f'){
                ans = GetFskClock("", true, false);
        } else if (cmdp == 'n'){


@@ -1471,6 +1457,83 @@ int CmdFSKdemodPyramid(const char *Cmd)
        return 1;
 }
 
        return 1;
 }
 

+// FDX-B ISO11784/85 demod  (aka animal tag)  BIPHASE, inverted, rf/32,  with preamble of 00000000001 (128bits)
+// 8 databits + 1 parity (1)
+// CIITT 16 chksum
+// NATIONAL CODE, ICAR database
+// COUNTRY CODE (ISO3166) or http://cms.abvma.ca/uploads/ManufacturersISOsandCountryCodes.pdf
+// FLAG (animal/non-animal)
+int CmdFDXBdemodBI(const char *Cmd){
+
+       int invert = 1;
+       int clk = 32;           
+       int errCnt = 0;
+       int maxErr = 0;
+       uint8_t BitStream[MAX_DEMOD_BUF_LEN];   
+       size_t size = getFromGraphBuf(BitStream);       
+       
+       errCnt = askdemod(BitStream, &size, &clk, &invert, maxErr, 0, 0);
+       if ( errCnt < 0 || errCnt > maxErr ) { 
+               if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("DEBUG: no data or error found %d, clock: %d", errCnt, clk);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       errCnt = BiphaseRawDecode(BitStream, &size, maxErr, 1);
+       if (errCnt < 0 || errCnt > maxErr ) {
+               if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("Error BiphaseRawDecode: %d", errCnt);
+               return 0;
+       } 
+
+       int preambleIndex = FDXBdemodBI(BitStream, &size);
+       if (preambleIndex < 0){
+               if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("Error FDXBDemod , no startmarker found :: %d",preambleIndex);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       setDemodBuf(BitStream, 128, preambleIndex);
+
+       // remove marker bits (1's every 9th digit after preamble) (pType = 2)
+       size = removeParity(BitStream, preambleIndex + 11, 9, 2, 117);
+       if ( size != 104 ) {
+               if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("Error removeParity:: %d", size);
+               return 0;
+       }
+       if (g_debugMode) {
+               char *bin = sprint_bin_break(BitStream,size,16);
+               PrintAndLog("DEBUG BinStream:\n%s",bin);
+       }
+       PrintAndLog("\nFDX-B / ISO 11784/5 Animal Tag ID Found:");
+       if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("Start marker %d;   Size %d", preambleIndex, size);
+
+       //got a good demod
+       uint64_t NationalCode = ((uint64_t)(bytebits_to_byteLSBF(BitStream+32,6)) << 32) | bytebits_to_byteLSBF(BitStream,32);
+       uint32_t countryCode = bytebits_to_byteLSBF(BitStream+38,10);
+       uint8_t dataBlockBit = BitStream[48];
+       uint32_t reservedCode = bytebits_to_byteLSBF(BitStream+49,14);
+       uint8_t animalBit = BitStream[63];
+       uint32_t crc16 = bytebits_to_byteLSBF(BitStream+64,16);
+       uint32_t extended = bytebits_to_byteLSBF(BitStream+80,24);
+
+       uint64_t rawid = ((uint64_t)bytebits_to_byte(BitStream,32)<<32) | bytebits_to_byte(BitStream+32,32);
+       uint8_t raw[8];
+       num_to_bytes(rawid, 8, raw);
+
+       if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("Raw ID Hex: %s", sprint_hex(raw,8));
+
+       uint16_t calcCrc = crc16_ccitt_kermit(raw, 8);
+       PrintAndLog("Animal ID:     %04u-%012llu", countryCode, NationalCode);
+       PrintAndLog("National Code: %012llu", NationalCode);
+       PrintAndLog("CountryCode:   %04u", countryCode);
+       PrintAndLog("Extended Data: %s", dataBlockBit ? "True" : "False");
+       PrintAndLog("reserved Code: %u", reservedCode);
+       PrintAndLog("Animal Tag:    %s", animalBit ? "True" : "False");
+       PrintAndLog("CRC:           0x%04X - [%04X] - %s", crc16, calcCrc, (calcCrc == crc16) ? "Passed" : "Failed");
+       PrintAndLog("Extended:      0x%X\n", extended);
+       
+       return 1;
+}
+
+

 //by marshmellow
 //attempt to psk1 demod graph buffer
 int PSKDemod(const char *Cmd, bool verbose)
 //by marshmellow
 //attempt to psk1 demod graph buffer
 int PSKDemod(const char *Cmd, bool verbose)


@@ -1484,12 +1547,12 @@ int PSKDemod(const char *Cmd, bool verbose)
                clk=0;
        }
        if (invert != 0 && invert != 1) {
                clk=0;
        }
        if (invert != 0 && invert != 1) {

-               if (verbose) PrintAndLog("Invalid argument: %s", Cmd);
+               if (g_debugMode || verbose) PrintAndLog("Invalid argument: %s", Cmd);

                return 0;
        }
        uint8_t BitStream[MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN]={0};
        size_t BitLen = getFromGraphBuf(BitStream);
                return 0;
        }
        uint8_t BitStream[MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN]={0};
        size_t BitLen = getFromGraphBuf(BitStream);

-       if (BitLen==0) return -1;
+       if (BitLen==0) return 0;

        uint8_t carrier=countFC(BitStream, BitLen, 0);
        if (carrier!=2 && carrier!=4 && carrier!=8){
                //invalid carrier
        uint8_t carrier=countFC(BitStream, BitLen, 0);
        if (carrier!=2 && carrier!=4 && carrier!=8){
                //invalid carrier


@@ -1534,7 +1597,7 @@ int CmdIndalaDecode(const char *Cmd)
                return 0;
        }
        uint8_t invert=0;
                return 0;
        }
        uint8_t invert=0;

-       ans = indala26decode(DemodBuffer,(size_t *) &DemodBufferLen, &invert);
+       ans = indala26decode(DemodBuffer, &DemodBufferLen, &invert);

        if (ans < 1) {
                if (g_debugMode==1)
                        PrintAndLog("Error2: %d",ans);
        if (ans < 1) {
                if (g_debugMode==1)
                        PrintAndLog("Error2: %d",ans);


@@ -1597,11 +1660,49 @@ int CmdIndalaDecode(const char *Cmd)
        return 1;
 }
 
        return 1;
 }
 

+int CmdPSKNexWatch(const char *Cmd)
+{
+       if (!PSKDemod("", false)) return 0;
+       uint8_t preamble[28] = {0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
+       size_t startIdx = 0, size = DemodBufferLen; 
+       bool invert = false;
+       if (!preambleSearch(DemodBuffer, preamble, sizeof(preamble), &size, &startIdx)){
+               // if didn't find preamble try again inverting
+               if (!PSKDemod("1", false)) return 0; 
+               size = DemodBufferLen;
+               if (!preambleSearch(DemodBuffer, preamble, sizeof(preamble), &size, &startIdx)) return 0;
+               invert = true;
+       } 
+       if (size != 128) return 0;
+       setDemodBuf(DemodBuffer, size, startIdx+4);
+       startIdx = 8+32; //4 = extra i added, 8 = preamble, 32 = reserved bits (always 0)
+       //get ID
+       uint32_t ID = 0;
+       for (uint8_t wordIdx=0; wordIdx<4; wordIdx++){
+               for (uint8_t idx=0; idx<8; idx++){
+                       ID = (ID << 1) | DemodBuffer[startIdx+wordIdx+(idx*4)];
+               }       
+       }
+       //parity check (TBD)
+
+       //checksum check (TBD)
+
+       //output
+       PrintAndLog("NexWatch ID: %d", ID);
+       if (invert){
+               PrintAndLog("Had to Invert - probably NexKey");
+               for (uint8_t idx=0; idx<size; idx++)
+                       DemodBuffer[idx] ^= 1;
+       } 
+
+       CmdPrintDemodBuff("x");
+       return 1;
+}
+

 // by marshmellow
 // takes 3 arguments - clock, invert, maxErr as integers
 // attempts to demodulate nrz only
 // prints binary found and saves in demodbuffer for further commands
 // by marshmellow
 // takes 3 arguments - clock, invert, maxErr as integers
 // attempts to demodulate nrz only
 // prints binary found and saves in demodbuffer for further commands

-

 int NRZrawDemod(const char *Cmd, bool verbose)
 {
        int invert=0;
 int NRZrawDemod(const char *Cmd, bool verbose)
 {
        int invert=0;


@@ -1843,26 +1944,14 @@ int CmdHpf(const char *Cmd)
        RepaintGraphWindow();
        return 0;
 }
        RepaintGraphWindow();
        return 0;
 }

-typedef struct {
-       uint8_t * buffer;
-       uint32_t numbits;
-       uint32_t position;
-}BitstreamOut;
-
-bool _headBit( BitstreamOut *stream)
-{
-       int bytepos = stream->position >> 3; // divide by 8
-       int bitpos = (stream->position++) & 7; // mask out 00000111
-       return (*(stream->buffer + bytepos) >> (7-bitpos)) & 1;
-}

 
 

-uint8_t getByte(uint8_t bits_per_sample, BitstreamOut* b)
+uint8_t getByte(uint8_t bits_per_sample, BitstreamIn* b)

 {
        int i;
        uint8_t val = 0;
        for(i =0 ; i < bits_per_sample; i++)
        {
 {
        int i;
        uint8_t val = 0;
        for(i =0 ; i < bits_per_sample; i++)
        {

-               val |= (_headBit(b) << (7-i));
+               val |= (headBit(b) << (7-i));

        }
        return val;
 }
        }
        return val;
 }


@@ -1902,9 +1991,9 @@ int getSamples(const char *Cmd, bool silent)
        if(bits_per_sample < 8)
        {
                PrintAndLog("Unpacking...");
        if(bits_per_sample < 8)
        {
                PrintAndLog("Unpacking...");

-               BitstreamOut bout = { got, bits_per_sample * n,  0};
+               BitstreamIn bout = { got, bits_per_sample * n,  0};

                int j =0;
                int j =0;

-               for (j = 0; j * bits_per_sample < n * 8 && j < sizeof(GraphBuffer); j++) {
+               for (j = 0; j * bits_per_sample < n * 8 && j < n; j++) {

                        uint8_t sample = getByte(bits_per_sample, &bout);
                        GraphBuffer[j] = ((int) sample )- 128;
                }
                        uint8_t sample = getByte(bits_per_sample, &bout);
                        GraphBuffer[j] = ((int) sample )- 128;
                }


@@ -2017,7 +2106,7 @@ int CmdLoad(const char *Cmd)
 int CmdLtrim(const char *Cmd)
 {
        int ds = atoi(Cmd);
 int CmdLtrim(const char *Cmd)
 {
        int ds = atoi(Cmd);

-
+       if (GraphTraceLen<=0) return 0;

        for (int i = ds; i < GraphTraceLen; ++i)
                GraphBuffer[i-ds] = GraphBuffer[i];
        GraphTraceLen -= ds;
        for (int i = ds; i < GraphTraceLen; ++i)
                GraphBuffer[i-ds] = GraphBuffer[i];
        GraphTraceLen -= ds;


@@ -2165,18 +2254,113 @@ int CmdZerocrossings(const char *Cmd)
        return 0;
 }
 
        return 0;
 }
 

+int usage_data_bin2hex(){
+               PrintAndLog("Usage: data bin2hex <binary_digits>");
+               PrintAndLog("       This function will ignore all characters not 1 or 0 (but stop reading on whitespace)");
+               return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Utility for conversion via cmdline.
+ * @param Cmd
+ * @return
+ */
+int Cmdbin2hex(const char *Cmd)
+{
+       int bg =0, en =0;
+       if(param_getptr(Cmd, &bg, &en, 0))
+       {
+               return usage_data_bin2hex();
+       }
+       //Number of digits supplied as argument
+       size_t length = en  - bg +1;
+       size_t bytelen = (length+7) / 8;
+       uint8_t* arr = (uint8_t *) malloc(bytelen);
+       memset(arr, 0, bytelen);
+       BitstreamOut bout = { arr, 0, 0 };
+
+       for(; bg <= en ;bg++)
+       {
+               char c = Cmd[bg];
+               if( c == '1')   pushBit(&bout, 1);
+               else if( c == '0')      pushBit(&bout, 0);
+               else PrintAndLog("Ignoring '%c'", c);
+       }
+
+       if(bout.numbits % 8 != 0)
+       {
+               printf("[padded with %d zeroes]\n", 8-(bout.numbits % 8));
+       }
+
+       //Uses printf instead of PrintAndLog since the latter
+       // adds linebreaks to each printout - this way was more convenient since we don't have to
+       // allocate a string and write to that first...
+       for(size_t x = 0; x  < bytelen ; x++)
+       {
+               printf("%02X", arr[x]);
+       }
+       printf("\n");
+       free(arr);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int usage_data_hex2bin(){
+
+       PrintAndLog("Usage: data bin2hex <binary_digits>");
+       PrintAndLog("       This function will ignore all non-hexadecimal characters (but stop reading on whitespace)");
+       return 0;
+
+}
+
+int Cmdhex2bin(const char *Cmd)
+{
+       int bg =0, en =0;
+       if(param_getptr(Cmd, &bg, &en, 0))
+       {
+               return usage_data_hex2bin();
+       }
+
+
+       while(bg <= en )
+       {
+               char x = Cmd[bg++];
+               // capitalize
+               if (x >= 'a' && x <= 'f')
+                       x -= 32;
+               // convert to numeric value
+               if (x >= '0' && x <= '9')
+                       x -= '0';
+               else if (x >= 'A' && x <= 'F')
+                       x -= 'A' - 10;
+               else
+                       continue;
+
+               //Uses printf instead of PrintAndLog since the latter
+               // adds linebreaks to each printout - this way was more convenient since we don't have to
+               // allocate a string and write to that first...
+
+               for(int i= 0 ; i < 4 ; ++i)
+                       printf("%d",(x >> (3 - i)) & 1);
+       }
+       printf("\n");
+
+       return 0;
+}
+

 static command_t CommandTable[] =
 {
        {"help",            CmdHelp,            1, "This help"},
 static command_t CommandTable[] =
 {
        {"help",            CmdHelp,            1, "This help"},

-       {"askedgedetect",   CmdAskEdgeDetect,   1, "[threshold] Adjust Graph for manual ask demod using length of sample differences to detect the edge of a wave (default = 25)"},
+       {"askedgedetect",   CmdAskEdgeDetect,   1, "[threshold] Adjust Graph for manual ask demod using the length of sample differences to detect the edge of a wave (use 20-45, def:25)"},

        {"askem410xdemod",  CmdAskEM410xDemod,  1, "[clock] [invert<0|1>] [maxErr] -- Demodulate an EM410x tag from GraphBuffer (args optional)"},
        {"askgproxiidemod", CmdG_Prox_II_Demod, 1, "Demodulate a G Prox II tag from GraphBuffer"},
        {"autocorr",        CmdAutoCorr,        1, "[window length] [g] -- Autocorrelation over window - g to save back to GraphBuffer (overwrite)"},
        {"askem410xdemod",  CmdAskEM410xDemod,  1, "[clock] [invert<0|1>] [maxErr] -- Demodulate an EM410x tag from GraphBuffer (args optional)"},
        {"askgproxiidemod", CmdG_Prox_II_Demod, 1, "Demodulate a G Prox II tag from GraphBuffer"},
        {"autocorr",        CmdAutoCorr,        1, "[window length] [g] -- Autocorrelation over window - g to save back to GraphBuffer (overwrite)"},

-       {"biphaserawdecode",CmdBiphaseDecodeRaw,1,"[offset] [invert<0|1>] Biphase decode bin stream in DemodBuffer (offset = 0|1 bits to shift the decode start)"},
+       {"biphaserawdecode",CmdBiphaseDecodeRaw,1, "[offset] [invert<0|1>] [maxErr] -- Biphase decode bin stream in DemodBuffer (offset = 0|1 bits to shift the decode start)"},
+       {"bin2hex",         Cmdbin2hex,         1, "bin2hex <digits>     -- Converts binary to hexadecimal"},

        {"bitsamples",      CmdBitsamples,      0, "Get raw samples as bitstring"},
        {"buffclear",       CmdBuffClear,       1, "Clear sample buffer and graph window"},
        {"dec",             CmdDec,             1, "Decimate samples"},
        {"detectclock",     CmdDetectClockRate, 1, "[modulation] Detect clock rate of wave in GraphBuffer (options: 'a','f','n','p' for ask, fsk, nrz, psk respectively)"},
        {"bitsamples",      CmdBitsamples,      0, "Get raw samples as bitstring"},
        {"buffclear",       CmdBuffClear,       1, "Clear sample buffer and graph window"},
        {"dec",             CmdDec,             1, "Decimate samples"},
        {"detectclock",     CmdDetectClockRate, 1, "[modulation] Detect clock rate of wave in GraphBuffer (options: 'a','f','n','p' for ask, fsk, nrz, psk respectively)"},

+       {"fdxbdemod",       CmdFDXBdemodBI    , 1, "Demodulate a FDX-B ISO11784/85 Biphase tag from GraphBuffer"},

        {"fskawiddemod",    CmdFSKdemodAWID,    1, "Demodulate an AWID FSK tag from GraphBuffer"},
        //{"fskfcdetect",   CmdFSKfcDetect,     1, "Try to detect the Field Clock of an FSK wave"},
        {"fskhiddemod",     CmdFSKdemodHID,     1, "Demodulate a HID FSK tag from GraphBuffer"},
        {"fskawiddemod",    CmdFSKdemodAWID,    1, "Demodulate an AWID FSK tag from GraphBuffer"},
        //{"fskfcdetect",   CmdFSKfcDetect,     1, "Try to detect the Field Clock of an FSK wave"},
        {"fskhiddemod",     CmdFSKdemodHID,     1, "Demodulate a HID FSK tag from GraphBuffer"},


@@ -2186,16 +2370,18 @@ static command_t CommandTable[] =
        {"getbitstream",    CmdGetBitStream,    1, "Convert GraphBuffer's >=1 values to 1 and <1 to 0"},
        {"grid",            CmdGrid,            1, "<x> <y> -- overlay grid on graph window, use zero value to turn off either"},
        {"hexsamples",      CmdHexsamples,      0, "<bytes> [<offset>] -- Dump big buffer as hex bytes"},
        {"getbitstream",    CmdGetBitStream,    1, "Convert GraphBuffer's >=1 values to 1 and <1 to 0"},
        {"grid",            CmdGrid,            1, "<x> <y> -- overlay grid on graph window, use zero value to turn off either"},
        {"hexsamples",      CmdHexsamples,      0, "<bytes> [<offset>] -- Dump big buffer as hex bytes"},

+       {"hex2bin",         Cmdhex2bin,         1, "hex2bin <hexadecimal> -- Converts hexadecimal to binary"},

        {"hide",            CmdHide,            1, "Hide graph window"},
        {"hpf",             CmdHpf,             1, "Remove DC offset from trace"},
        {"load",            CmdLoad,            1, "<filename> -- Load trace (to graph window"},
        {"ltrim",           CmdLtrim,           1, "<samples> -- Trim samples from left of trace"},
        {"rtrim",           CmdRtrim,           1, "<location to end trace> -- Trim samples from right of trace"},
        {"hide",            CmdHide,            1, "Hide graph window"},
        {"hpf",             CmdHpf,             1, "Remove DC offset from trace"},
        {"load",            CmdLoad,            1, "<filename> -- Load trace (to graph window"},
        {"ltrim",           CmdLtrim,           1, "<samples> -- Trim samples from left of trace"},
        {"rtrim",           CmdRtrim,           1, "<location to end trace> -- Trim samples from right of trace"},

-       {"manrawdecode",    Cmdmandecoderaw,    1, "Manchester decode binary stream in DemodBuffer"},
+       {"manrawdecode",    Cmdmandecoderaw,    1, "[invert] [maxErr] -- Manchester decode binary stream in DemodBuffer"},

        {"norm",            CmdNorm,            1, "Normalize max/min to +/-128"},
        {"plot",            CmdPlot,            1, "Show graph window (hit 'h' in window for keystroke help)"},
        {"norm",            CmdNorm,            1, "Normalize max/min to +/-128"},
        {"plot",            CmdPlot,            1, "Show graph window (hit 'h' in window for keystroke help)"},

-       {"printdemodbuffer",CmdPrintDemodBuff,  1, "[x] -- print the data in the DemodBuffer - 'x' for hex output"},
+       {"printdemodbuffer",CmdPrintDemodBuff,  1, "[x] [o] <offset> -- print the data in the DemodBuffer - 'x' for hex output"},

        {"pskindalademod",  CmdIndalaDecode,    1, "[clock] [invert<0|1>] -- Demodulate an indala tag (PSK1) from GraphBuffer (args optional)"},
        {"pskindalademod",  CmdIndalaDecode,    1, "[clock] [invert<0|1>] -- Demodulate an indala tag (PSK1) from GraphBuffer (args optional)"},

+       {"psknexwatchdemod",CmdPSKNexWatch,     1, "Demodulate a NexWatch tag (nexkey, quadrakey) (PSK1) from GraphBuffer"},

        {"rawdemod",        CmdRawDemod,        1, "[modulation] ... <options> -see help (h option) -- Demodulate the data in the GraphBuffer and output binary"},  
        {"samples",         CmdSamples,         0, "[512 - 40000] -- Get raw samples for graph window (GraphBuffer)"},
        {"save",            CmdSave,            1, "<filename> -- Save trace (from graph window)"},
        {"rawdemod",        CmdRawDemod,        1, "[modulation] ... <options> -see help (h option) -- Demodulate the data in the GraphBuffer and output binary"},  
        {"samples",         CmdSamples,         0, "[512 - 40000] -- Get raw samples for graph window (GraphBuffer)"},
        {"save",            CmdSave,            1, "<filename> -- Save trace (from graph window)"},