@iceman1001 s idea to output failure report

[proxmark3-svn] / armsrc / iso14443a.c

diff --git a/armsrc/iso14443a.c b/armsrc/iso14443a.c
index 54c1db407d5aa76e288edfed306d00f4847d0eb1..83907fce18b72c9b5407949c460b5e85d16a593a 100644 (file)
--- a/armsrc/iso14443a.c
+++ b/armsrc/iso14443a.c
@@ -15,11 +15,12 @@
 #include "util.h"
 #include "string.h"
 #include "cmd.h"
 #include "util.h"
 #include "string.h"
 #include "cmd.h"

-

 #include "iso14443crc.h"
 #include "iso14443a.h"
 #include "crapto1.h"
 #include "mifareutil.h"
 #include "iso14443crc.h"
 #include "iso14443a.h"
 #include "crapto1.h"
 #include "mifareutil.h"

+#include "BigBuf.h"
+#include "protocols.h"

 
 static uint32_t iso14a_timeout;
 int rsamples = 0;
 
 static uint32_t iso14a_timeout;
 int rsamples = 0;


@@ -141,6 +142,7 @@ const uint8_t OddByteParity[256] = {
   1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1
 };
 
   1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1
 };
 

+

 void iso14a_set_trigger(bool enable) {
        trigger = enable;
 }
 void iso14a_set_trigger(bool enable) {
        trigger = enable;
 }


@@ -148,8 +150,32 @@ void iso14a_set_trigger(bool enable) {
 
 void iso14a_set_timeout(uint32_t timeout) {
        iso14a_timeout = timeout;
 
 void iso14a_set_timeout(uint32_t timeout) {
        iso14a_timeout = timeout;

+       if(MF_DBGLEVEL >= 3) Dbprintf("ISO14443A Timeout set to %ld (%dms)", iso14a_timeout, iso14a_timeout / 106);

 }
 
 }
 

+
+void iso14a_set_ATS_timeout(uint8_t *ats) {
+
+       uint8_t tb1;
+       uint8_t fwi; 
+       uint32_t fwt;
+       
+       if (ats[0] > 1) {                                                       // there is a format byte T0
+               if ((ats[1] & 0x20) == 0x20) {                  // there is an interface byte TB(1)
+                       if ((ats[1] & 0x10) == 0x10) {          // there is an interface byte TA(1) preceding TB(1)
+                               tb1 = ats[3];
+                       } else {
+                               tb1 = ats[2];
+                       }
+                       fwi = (tb1 & 0xf0) >> 4;                        // frame waiting indicator (FWI)
+                       fwt = 256 * 16 * (1 << fwi);            // frame waiting time (FWT) in 1/fc
+                       
+                       iso14a_set_timeout(fwt/(8*16));
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+

 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Generate the parity value for a byte sequence
 //
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Generate the parity value for a byte sequence
 //


@@ -188,6 +214,11 @@ void AppendCrc14443a(uint8_t* data, int len)
        ComputeCrc14443(CRC_14443_A,data,len,data+len,data+len+1);
 }
 
        ComputeCrc14443(CRC_14443_A,data,len,data+len,data+len+1);
 }
 

+void AppendCrc14443b(uint8_t* data, int len)
+{
+       ComputeCrc14443(CRC_14443_B,data,len,data+len,data+len+1);
+}
+

 
 //=============================================================================
 // ISO 14443 Type A - Miller decoder
 
 //=============================================================================
 // ISO 14443 Type A - Miller decoder


@@ -208,13 +239,17 @@ void AppendCrc14443a(uint8_t* data, int len)
 static tUart Uart;
 
 // Lookup-Table to decide if 4 raw bits are a modulation.
 static tUart Uart;
 
 // Lookup-Table to decide if 4 raw bits are a modulation.

-// We accept two or three consecutive "0" in any position with the rest "1"
+// We accept the following:
+// 0001  -   a 3 tick wide pause
+// 0011  -   a 2 tick wide pause, or a three tick wide pause shifted left
+// 0111  -   a 2 tick wide pause shifted left
+// 1001  -   a 2 tick wide pause shifted right

 const bool Mod_Miller_LUT[] = {
 const bool Mod_Miller_LUT[] = {

-       TRUE,  TRUE,  FALSE, TRUE,  FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE,
-       TRUE,  TRUE,  FALSE, FALSE, TRUE,  FALSE, FALSE, FALSE
+       FALSE,  TRUE, FALSE, TRUE,  FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE,
+       FALSE,  TRUE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE

 };
 };

-#define IsMillerModulationNibble1(b) (Mod_Miller_LUT[(b & 0x00F0) >> 4])
-#define IsMillerModulationNibble2(b) (Mod_Miller_LUT[(b & 0x000F)])
+#define IsMillerModulationNibble1(b) (Mod_Miller_LUT[(b & 0x000000F0) >> 4])
+#define IsMillerModulationNibble2(b) (Mod_Miller_LUT[(b & 0x0000000F)])

 
 void UartReset()
 {
 
 void UartReset()
 {


@@ -224,8 +259,6 @@ void UartReset()
        Uart.parityLen = 0;                                     // number of decoded parity bytes
        Uart.shiftReg = 0;                                      // shiftreg to hold decoded data bits
        Uart.parityBits = 0;                            // holds 8 parity bits
        Uart.parityLen = 0;                                     // number of decoded parity bytes
        Uart.shiftReg = 0;                                      // shiftreg to hold decoded data bits
        Uart.parityBits = 0;                            // holds 8 parity bits

-       Uart.twoBits = 0x0000;                          // buffer for 2 Bits
-       Uart.highCnt = 0;

        Uart.startTime = 0;
        Uart.endTime = 0;
 }
        Uart.startTime = 0;
        Uart.endTime = 0;
 }


@@ -234,6 +267,7 @@ void UartInit(uint8_t *data, uint8_t *parity)
 {
        Uart.output = data;
        Uart.parity = parity;
 {
        Uart.output = data;
        Uart.parity = parity;

+       Uart.fourBits = 0x00000000;                     // clear the buffer for 4 Bits

        UartReset();
 }
 
        UartReset();
 }
 


@@ -241,45 +275,41 @@ void UartInit(uint8_t *data, uint8_t *parity)
 static RAMFUNC bool MillerDecoding(uint8_t bit, uint32_t non_real_time)
 {
 
 static RAMFUNC bool MillerDecoding(uint8_t bit, uint32_t non_real_time)
 {
 

-       Uart.twoBits = (Uart.twoBits << 8) | bit;
+       Uart.fourBits = (Uart.fourBits << 8) | bit;

        
        

-       if (Uart.state == STATE_UNSYNCD) {                                                                                              // not yet synced
+       if (Uart.state == STATE_UNSYNCD) {                                                                                      // not yet synced

        
        

-               if (Uart.highCnt < 7) {                                                                                                 // wait for a stable unmodulated signal
-                       if (Uart.twoBits == 0xffff) {
-                               Uart.highCnt++;
-                       } else {
-                               Uart.highCnt = 0;
-                       }
-               } else {        
-                       Uart.syncBit = 0xFFFF; // not set
-                       // look for 00xx1111 (the start bit)
-                       if              ((Uart.twoBits & 0x6780) == 0x0780) Uart.syncBit = 7; 
-                       else if ((Uart.twoBits & 0x33C0) == 0x03C0) Uart.syncBit = 6;
-                       else if ((Uart.twoBits & 0x19E0) == 0x01E0) Uart.syncBit = 5;
-                       else if ((Uart.twoBits & 0x0CF0) == 0x00F0) Uart.syncBit = 4;
-                       else if ((Uart.twoBits & 0x0678) == 0x0078) Uart.syncBit = 3;
-                       else if ((Uart.twoBits & 0x033C) == 0x003C) Uart.syncBit = 2;
-                       else if ((Uart.twoBits & 0x019E) == 0x001E) Uart.syncBit = 1;
-                       else if ((Uart.twoBits & 0x00CF) == 0x000F) Uart.syncBit = 0;
-                       if (Uart.syncBit != 0xFFFF) {
-                               Uart.startTime = non_real_time?non_real_time:(GetCountSspClk() & 0xfffffff8);
-                               Uart.startTime -= Uart.syncBit;
-                               Uart.endTime = Uart.startTime;
-                               Uart.state = STATE_START_OF_COMMUNICATION;
-                       }
+               Uart.syncBit = 9999;                                                                                                    // not set
+               // The start bit is one ore more Sequence Y followed by a Sequence Z (... 11111111 00x11111). We need to distinguish from
+               // Sequence X followed by Sequence Y followed by Sequence Z (111100x1 11111111 00x11111)
+               // we therefore look for a ...xx11111111111100x11111xxxxxx... pattern 
+               // (12 '1's followed by 2 '0's, eventually followed by another '0', followed by 5 '1's)
+               #define ISO14443A_STARTBIT_MASK         0x07FFEF80                                                      // mask is    00000111 11111111 11101111 10000000
+               #define ISO14443A_STARTBIT_PATTERN      0x07FF8F80                                                      // pattern is 00000111 11111111 10001111 10000000
+               if              ((Uart.fourBits & (ISO14443A_STARTBIT_MASK >> 0)) == ISO14443A_STARTBIT_PATTERN >> 0) Uart.syncBit = 7;
+               else if ((Uart.fourBits & (ISO14443A_STARTBIT_MASK >> 1)) == ISO14443A_STARTBIT_PATTERN >> 1) Uart.syncBit = 6;
+               else if ((Uart.fourBits & (ISO14443A_STARTBIT_MASK >> 2)) == ISO14443A_STARTBIT_PATTERN >> 2) Uart.syncBit = 5;
+               else if ((Uart.fourBits & (ISO14443A_STARTBIT_MASK >> 3)) == ISO14443A_STARTBIT_PATTERN >> 3) Uart.syncBit = 4;
+               else if ((Uart.fourBits & (ISO14443A_STARTBIT_MASK >> 4)) == ISO14443A_STARTBIT_PATTERN >> 4) Uart.syncBit = 3;
+               else if ((Uart.fourBits & (ISO14443A_STARTBIT_MASK >> 5)) == ISO14443A_STARTBIT_PATTERN >> 5) Uart.syncBit = 2;
+               else if ((Uart.fourBits & (ISO14443A_STARTBIT_MASK >> 6)) == ISO14443A_STARTBIT_PATTERN >> 6) Uart.syncBit = 1;
+               else if ((Uart.fourBits & (ISO14443A_STARTBIT_MASK >> 7)) == ISO14443A_STARTBIT_PATTERN >> 7) Uart.syncBit = 0;
+
+               if (Uart.syncBit != 9999) {                                                                                             // found a sync bit
+                       Uart.startTime = non_real_time?non_real_time:(GetCountSspClk() & 0xfffffff8);
+                       Uart.startTime -= Uart.syncBit;
+                       Uart.endTime = Uart.startTime;
+                       Uart.state = STATE_START_OF_COMMUNICATION;

                }
 
        } else {
 
                }
 
        } else {
 

-               if (IsMillerModulationNibble1(Uart.twoBits >> Uart.syncBit)) {                  
-                       if (IsMillerModulationNibble2(Uart.twoBits >> Uart.syncBit)) {          // Modulation in both halves - error
+               if (IsMillerModulationNibble1(Uart.fourBits >> Uart.syncBit)) {                 
+                       if (IsMillerModulationNibble2(Uart.fourBits >> Uart.syncBit)) {         // Modulation in both halves - error

                                UartReset();
                                UartReset();

-                               Uart.highCnt = 6;

                        } else {                                                                                                                        // Modulation in first half = Sequence Z = logic "0"
                                if (Uart.state == STATE_MILLER_X) {                                                             // error - must not follow after X
                                        UartReset();
                        } else {                                                                                                                        // Modulation in first half = Sequence Z = logic "0"
                                if (Uart.state == STATE_MILLER_X) {                                                             // error - must not follow after X
                                        UartReset();

-                                       Uart.highCnt = 6;

                                } else {
                                        Uart.bitCount++;
                                        Uart.shiftReg = (Uart.shiftReg >> 1);                                           // add a 0 to the shiftreg
                                } else {
                                        Uart.bitCount++;
                                        Uart.shiftReg = (Uart.shiftReg >> 1);                                           // add a 0 to the shiftreg


@@ -299,7 +329,7 @@ static RAMFUNC bool MillerDecoding(uint8_t bit, uint32_t non_real_time)
                                }
                        }
                } else {
                                }
                        }
                } else {

-                       if (IsMillerModulationNibble2(Uart.twoBits >> Uart.syncBit)) {          // Modulation second half = Sequence X = logic "1"
+                       if (IsMillerModulationNibble2(Uart.fourBits >> Uart.syncBit)) {         // Modulation second half = Sequence X = logic "1"

                                Uart.bitCount++;
                                Uart.shiftReg = (Uart.shiftReg >> 1) | 0x100;                                   // add a 1 to the shiftreg
                                Uart.state = STATE_MILLER_X;
                                Uart.bitCount++;
                                Uart.shiftReg = (Uart.shiftReg >> 1) | 0x100;                                   // add a 1 to the shiftreg
                                Uart.state = STATE_MILLER_X;


@@ -334,12 +364,11 @@ static RAMFUNC bool MillerDecoding(uint8_t bit, uint32_t non_real_time)
                                        if (Uart.len) {
                                                return TRUE;                                                                                    // we are finished with decoding the raw data sequence
                                        } else {
                                        if (Uart.len) {
                                                return TRUE;                                                                                    // we are finished with decoding the raw data sequence
                                        } else {

-                                               UartReset();                                    // Nothing receiver - start over
+                                               UartReset();                                                                                    // Nothing received - start over

                                        }
                                }
                                if (Uart.state == STATE_START_OF_COMMUNICATION) {                               // error - must not follow directly after SOC
                                        UartReset();
                                        }
                                }
                                if (Uart.state == STATE_START_OF_COMMUNICATION) {                               // error - must not follow directly after SOC
                                        UartReset();

-                                       Uart.highCnt = 6;

                                } else {                                                                                                                // a logic "0"
                                        Uart.bitCount++;
                                        Uart.shiftReg = (Uart.shiftReg >> 1);                                           // add a 0 to the shiftreg
                                } else {                                                                                                                // a logic "0"
                                        Uart.bitCount++;
                                        Uart.shiftReg = (Uart.shiftReg >> 1);                                           // add a 0 to the shiftreg


@@ -526,32 +555,28 @@ void RAMFUNC SnoopIso14443a(uint8_t param) {
        // bit 1 - trigger from first reader 7-bit request
        
        LEDsoff();
        // bit 1 - trigger from first reader 7-bit request
        
        LEDsoff();

-       // init trace buffer
-       iso14a_clear_trace();
-       iso14a_set_tracing(TRUE);

 
 

-       // We won't start recording the frames that we acquire until we trigger;
-       // a good trigger condition to get started is probably when we see a
-       // response from the tag.
-       // triggered == FALSE -- to wait first for card
-       bool triggered = !(param & 0x03); 
-       
+       iso14443a_setup(FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_SNIFFER);
+
+       // Allocate memory from BigBuf for some buffers
+       // free all previous allocations first
+       BigBuf_free();
+

        // The command (reader -> tag) that we're receiving.
        // The command (reader -> tag) that we're receiving.

-       // The length of a received command will in most cases be no more than 18 bytes.
-       // So 32 should be enough!
-       uint8_t *receivedCmd = ((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + RECV_CMD_OFFSET;
-       uint8_t *receivedCmdPar = ((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + RECV_CMD_PAR_OFFSET;
+       uint8_t *receivedCmd = BigBuf_malloc(MAX_FRAME_SIZE);
+       uint8_t *receivedCmdPar = BigBuf_malloc(MAX_PARITY_SIZE);

        
        // The response (tag -> reader) that we're receiving.
        
        // The response (tag -> reader) that we're receiving.

-       uint8_t *receivedResponse = ((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + RECV_RESP_OFFSET;
-       uint8_t *receivedResponsePar = ((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + RECV_RESP_PAR_OFFSET;
-       
-       // As we receive stuff, we copy it from receivedCmd or receivedResponse
-       // into trace, along with its length and other annotations.
-       //uint8_t *trace = (uint8_t *)BigBuf;
+       uint8_t *receivedResponse = BigBuf_malloc(MAX_FRAME_SIZE);
+       uint8_t *receivedResponsePar = BigBuf_malloc(MAX_PARITY_SIZE);

        
        // The DMA buffer, used to stream samples from the FPGA
        
        // The DMA buffer, used to stream samples from the FPGA

-       uint8_t *dmaBuf = ((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + DMA_BUFFER_OFFSET;
+       uint8_t *dmaBuf = BigBuf_malloc(DMA_BUFFER_SIZE);
+
+       // init trace buffer
+       clear_trace();
+       set_tracing(TRUE);
+

        uint8_t *data = dmaBuf;
        uint8_t previous_data = 0;
        int maxDataLen = 0;
        uint8_t *data = dmaBuf;
        uint8_t previous_data = 0;
        int maxDataLen = 0;


@@ -559,8 +584,6 @@ void RAMFUNC SnoopIso14443a(uint8_t param) {
        bool TagIsActive = FALSE;
        bool ReaderIsActive = FALSE;
        
        bool TagIsActive = FALSE;
        bool ReaderIsActive = FALSE;
        

-       iso14443a_setup(FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_SNIFFER);
-

        // Set up the demodulator for tag -> reader responses.
        DemodInit(receivedResponse, receivedResponsePar);
        
        // Set up the demodulator for tag -> reader responses.
        DemodInit(receivedResponse, receivedResponsePar);
        


@@ -570,6 +593,12 @@ void RAMFUNC SnoopIso14443a(uint8_t param) {
        // Setup and start DMA.
        FpgaSetupSscDma((uint8_t *)dmaBuf, DMA_BUFFER_SIZE);
        
        // Setup and start DMA.
        FpgaSetupSscDma((uint8_t *)dmaBuf, DMA_BUFFER_SIZE);
        

+       // We won't start recording the frames that we acquire until we trigger;
+       // a good trigger condition to get started is probably when we see a
+       // response from the tag.
+       // triggered == FALSE -- to wait first for card
+       bool triggered = !(param & 0x03); 
+       

        // And now we loop, receiving samples.
        for(uint32_t rsamples = 0; TRUE; ) {
 
        // And now we loop, receiving samples.
        for(uint32_t rsamples = 0; TRUE; ) {
 


@@ -591,7 +620,7 @@ void RAMFUNC SnoopIso14443a(uint8_t param) {
                // test for length of buffer
                if(dataLen > maxDataLen) {
                        maxDataLen = dataLen;
                // test for length of buffer
                if(dataLen > maxDataLen) {
                        maxDataLen = dataLen;

-                       if(dataLen > 400) {
+                       if(dataLen > (9 * DMA_BUFFER_SIZE / 10)) {

                                Dbprintf("blew circular buffer! dataLen=%d", dataLen);
                                break;
                        }
                                Dbprintf("blew circular buffer! dataLen=%d", dataLen);
                                break;
                        }


@@ -656,6 +685,9 @@ void RAMFUNC SnoopIso14443a(uint8_t param) {
 
                                        // And ready to receive another response.
                                        DemodReset();
 
                                        // And ready to receive another response.
                                        DemodReset();

+                                       // And reset the Miller decoder including itS (now outdated) input buffer
+                                       UartInit(receivedCmd, receivedCmdPar);
+

                                        LED_C_OFF();
                                } 
                                TagIsActive = (Demod.state != DEMOD_UNSYNCD);
                                        LED_C_OFF();
                                } 
                                TagIsActive = (Demod.state != DEMOD_UNSYNCD);


@@ -674,7 +706,7 @@ void RAMFUNC SnoopIso14443a(uint8_t param) {
 
        FpgaDisableSscDma();
        Dbprintf("maxDataLen=%d, Uart.state=%x, Uart.len=%d", maxDataLen, Uart.state, Uart.len);
 
        FpgaDisableSscDma();
        Dbprintf("maxDataLen=%d, Uart.state=%x, Uart.len=%d", maxDataLen, Uart.state, Uart.len);

-       Dbprintf("traceLen=%d, Uart.output[0]=%08x", traceLen, (uint32_t)Uart.output[0]);
+       Dbprintf("traceLen=%d, Uart.output[0]=%08x", BigBuf_get_traceLen(), (uint32_t)Uart.output[0]);

        LEDsoff();
 }
 
        LEDsoff();
 }
 


@@ -820,7 +852,7 @@ int EmSendCmdPar(uint8_t *resp, uint16_t respLen, uint8_t *par);
 bool EmLogTrace(uint8_t *reader_data, uint16_t reader_len, uint32_t reader_StartTime, uint32_t reader_EndTime, uint8_t *reader_Parity,
                                 uint8_t *tag_data, uint16_t tag_len, uint32_t tag_StartTime, uint32_t tag_EndTime, uint8_t *tag_Parity);
 
 bool EmLogTrace(uint8_t *reader_data, uint16_t reader_len, uint32_t reader_StartTime, uint32_t reader_EndTime, uint8_t *reader_Parity,
                                 uint8_t *tag_data, uint16_t tag_len, uint32_t tag_StartTime, uint32_t tag_EndTime, uint8_t *tag_Parity);
 

-static uint8_t* free_buffer_pointer = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + FREE_BUFFER_OFFSET);
+static uint8_t* free_buffer_pointer;

 
 typedef struct {
   uint8_t* response;
 
 typedef struct {
   uint8_t* response;


@@ -830,10 +862,6 @@ typedef struct {
   uint32_t ProxToAirDuration;
 } tag_response_info_t;
 
   uint32_t ProxToAirDuration;
 } tag_response_info_t;
 

-void reset_free_buffer() {
-  free_buffer_pointer = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + FREE_BUFFER_OFFSET);
-}
-

 bool prepare_tag_modulation(tag_response_info_t* response_info, size_t max_buffer_size) {
        // Example response, answer to MIFARE Classic read block will be 16 bytes + 2 CRC = 18 bytes
        // This will need the following byte array for a modulation sequence
 bool prepare_tag_modulation(tag_response_info_t* response_info, size_t max_buffer_size) {
        // Example response, answer to MIFARE Classic read block will be 16 bytes + 2 CRC = 18 bytes
        // This will need the following byte array for a modulation sequence


@@ -845,7 +873,8 @@ bool prepare_tag_modulation(tag_response_info_t* response_info, size_t max_buffe
        // ----------- +
        //    166 bytes, since every bit that needs to be send costs us a byte
        //
        // ----------- +
        //    166 bytes, since every bit that needs to be send costs us a byte
        //

-  
+ 
+ 

   // Prepare the tag modulation bits from the message
   CodeIso14443aAsTag(response_info->response,response_info->response_n);
   
   // Prepare the tag modulation bits from the message
   CodeIso14443aAsTag(response_info->response,response_info->response_n);
   


@@ -866,15 +895,22 @@ bool prepare_tag_modulation(tag_response_info_t* response_info, size_t max_buffe
   return true;
 }
 
   return true;
 }
 

+
+// "precompile" responses. There are 7 predefined responses with a total of 28 bytes data to transmit.
+// Coded responses need one byte per bit to transfer (data, parity, start, stop, correction) 
+// 28 * 8 data bits, 28 * 1 parity bits, 7 start bits, 7 stop bits, 7 correction bits
+// -> need 273 bytes buffer
+#define ALLOCATED_TAG_MODULATION_BUFFER_SIZE 273
+

 bool prepare_allocated_tag_modulation(tag_response_info_t* response_info) {
   // Retrieve and store the current buffer index
   response_info->modulation = free_buffer_pointer;
   
   // Determine the maximum size we can use from our buffer
 bool prepare_allocated_tag_modulation(tag_response_info_t* response_info) {
   // Retrieve and store the current buffer index
   response_info->modulation = free_buffer_pointer;
   
   // Determine the maximum size we can use from our buffer

-  size_t max_buffer_size = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + FREE_BUFFER_OFFSET + FREE_BUFFER_SIZE) - free_buffer_pointer;
+  size_t max_buffer_size = ALLOCATED_TAG_MODULATION_BUFFER_SIZE;

   
   // Forward the prepare tag modulation function to the inner function
   
   // Forward the prepare tag modulation function to the inner function

-  if (prepare_tag_modulation(response_info,max_buffer_size)) {
+  if (prepare_tag_modulation(response_info, max_buffer_size)) {

     // Update the free buffer offset
     free_buffer_pointer += ToSendMax;
     return true;
     // Update the free buffer offset
     free_buffer_pointer += ToSendMax;
     return true;


@@ -889,10 +925,6 @@ bool prepare_allocated_tag_modulation(tag_response_info_t* response_info) {
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 void SimulateIso14443aTag(int tagType, int uid_1st, int uid_2nd, byte_t* data)
 {
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 void SimulateIso14443aTag(int tagType, int uid_1st, int uid_2nd, byte_t* data)
 {

-       // Enable and clear the trace
-       iso14a_clear_trace();
-       iso14a_set_tracing(TRUE);
-

        uint8_t sak;
 
        // The first response contains the ATQA (note: bytes are transmitted in reverse order).
        uint8_t sak;
 
        // The first response contains the ATQA (note: bytes are transmitted in reverse order).


@@ -936,10 +968,11 @@ void SimulateIso14443aTag(int tagType, int uid_1st, int uid_2nd, byte_t* data)
        }
        
        // The second response contains the (mandatory) first 24 bits of the UID
        }
        
        // The second response contains the (mandatory) first 24 bits of the UID

-       uint8_t response2[5];
+       uint8_t response2[5] = {0x00};

 
        // Check if the uid uses the (optional) part
 
        // Check if the uid uses the (optional) part

-       uint8_t response2a[5];
+       uint8_t response2a[5] = {0x00};
+       

        if (uid_2nd) {
                response2[0] = 0x88;
                num_to_bytes(uid_1st,3,response2+1);
        if (uid_2nd) {
                response2[0] = 0x88;
                num_to_bytes(uid_1st,3,response2+1);


@@ -960,12 +993,12 @@ void SimulateIso14443aTag(int tagType, int uid_1st, int uid_2nd, byte_t* data)
        response2[4] = response2[0] ^ response2[1] ^ response2[2] ^ response2[3];
 
        // Prepare the mandatory SAK (for 4 and 7 byte UID)
        response2[4] = response2[0] ^ response2[1] ^ response2[2] ^ response2[3];
 
        // Prepare the mandatory SAK (for 4 and 7 byte UID)

-       uint8_t response3[3];
+       uint8_t response3[3]  = {0x00};

        response3[0] = sak;
        ComputeCrc14443(CRC_14443_A, response3, 1, &response3[1], &response3[2]);
 
        // Prepare the optional second SAK (for 7 byte UID), drop the cascade bit
        response3[0] = sak;
        ComputeCrc14443(CRC_14443_A, response3, 1, &response3[1], &response3[2]);
 
        // Prepare the optional second SAK (for 7 byte UID), drop the cascade bit

-       uint8_t response3a[3];
+       uint8_t response3a[3]  = {0x00};

        response3a[0] = sak & 0xFB;
        ComputeCrc14443(CRC_14443_A, response3a, 1, &response3a[1], &response3a[2]);
 
        response3a[0] = sak & 0xFB;
        ComputeCrc14443(CRC_14443_A, response3a, 1, &response3a[1], &response3a[2]);
 


@@ -1001,9 +1034,20 @@ void SimulateIso14443aTag(int tagType, int uid_1st, int uid_2nd, byte_t* data)
                .modulation_n = 0
        };
   
                .modulation_n = 0
        };
   

-       // Reset the offset pointer of the free buffer
-       reset_free_buffer();
-  
+       // We need to listen to the high-frequency, peak-detected path.
+       iso14443a_setup(FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_TAGSIM_LISTEN);
+
+       BigBuf_free_keep_EM();
+
+       // allocate buffers:
+       uint8_t *receivedCmd = BigBuf_malloc(MAX_FRAME_SIZE);
+       uint8_t *receivedCmdPar = BigBuf_malloc(MAX_PARITY_SIZE);
+       free_buffer_pointer = BigBuf_malloc(ALLOCATED_TAG_MODULATION_BUFFER_SIZE);
+
+       // clear trace
+       clear_trace();
+       set_tracing(TRUE);
+

        // Prepare the responses of the anticollision phase
        // there will be not enough time to do this at the moment the reader sends it REQA
        for (size_t i=0; i<TAG_RESPONSE_COUNT; i++) {
        // Prepare the responses of the anticollision phase
        // there will be not enough time to do this at the moment the reader sends it REQA
        for (size_t i=0; i<TAG_RESPONSE_COUNT; i++) {


@@ -1021,20 +1065,12 @@ void SimulateIso14443aTag(int tagType, int uid_1st, int uid_2nd, byte_t* data)
        int happened2 = 0;
        int cmdsRecvd = 0;
 
        int happened2 = 0;
        int cmdsRecvd = 0;
 

-       // We need to listen to the high-frequency, peak-detected path.
-       iso14443a_setup(FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_TAGSIM_LISTEN);
-
-       // buffers used on software Uart:
-       uint8_t *receivedCmd = ((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + RECV_CMD_OFFSET;
-       uint8_t *receivedCmdPar = ((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + RECV_CMD_PAR_OFFSET;
-

        cmdsRecvd = 0;
        tag_response_info_t* p_response;
 
        LED_A_ON();
        for(;;) {
                // Clean receive command buffer
        cmdsRecvd = 0;
        tag_response_info_t* p_response;
 
        LED_A_ON();
        for(;;) {
                // Clean receive command buffer

-               

                if(!GetIso14443aCommandFromReader(receivedCmd, receivedCmdPar, &len)) {
                        DbpString("Button press");
                        break;
                if(!GetIso14443aCommandFromReader(receivedCmd, receivedCmdPar, &len)) {
                        DbpString("Button press");
                        break;


@@ -1188,6 +1224,7 @@ void SimulateIso14443aTag(int tagType, int uid_1st, int uid_2nd, byte_t* data)
 
        Dbprintf("%x %x %x", happened, happened2, cmdsRecvd);
        LED_A_OFF();
 
        Dbprintf("%x %x %x", happened, happened2, cmdsRecvd);
        LED_A_OFF();

+       BigBuf_free_keep_EM();

 }
 
 
 }
 
 


@@ -1307,7 +1344,7 @@ void CodeIso14443aBitsAsReaderPar(const uint8_t *cmd, uint16_t bits, const uint8
                }
 
                // Only transmit parity bit if we transmitted a complete byte
                }
 
                // Only transmit parity bit if we transmitted a complete byte

-               if (j == 8) {
+               if (j == 8 && parity != NULL) {

                        // Get the parity bit
                        if (parity[i>>3] & (0x80 >> (i&0x0007))) {
                                // Sequence X
                        // Get the parity bit
                        if (parity[i>>3] & (0x80 >> (i&0x0007))) {
                                // Sequence X


@@ -1352,6 +1389,7 @@ void CodeIso14443aAsReaderPar(const uint8_t *cmd, uint16_t len, const uint8_t *p
   CodeIso14443aBitsAsReaderPar(cmd, len*8, parity);
 }
 
   CodeIso14443aBitsAsReaderPar(cmd, len*8, parity);
 }
 

+

 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Wait for commands from reader
 // Stop when button is pressed (return 1) or field was gone (return 2)
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Wait for commands from reader
 // Stop when button is pressed (return 1) or field was gone (return 2)


@@ -1374,9 +1412,9 @@ static int EmGetCmd(uint8_t *received, uint16_t *len, uint8_t *parity)
        // Set ADC to read field strength
        AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_CR = AT91C_ADC_SWRST;
        AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_MR =
        // Set ADC to read field strength
        AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_CR = AT91C_ADC_SWRST;
        AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_MR =

-                               ADC_MODE_PRESCALE(32) |
-                               ADC_MODE_STARTUP_TIME(16) |
-                               ADC_MODE_SAMPLE_HOLD_TIME(8);
+                               ADC_MODE_PRESCALE(63) |
+                               ADC_MODE_STARTUP_TIME(1) |
+                               ADC_MODE_SAMPLE_HOLD_TIME(15);

        AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_CHER = ADC_CHANNEL(ADC_CHAN_HF);
        // start ADC
        AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_CR = AT91C_ADC_START;
        AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_CHER = ADC_CHANNEL(ADC_CHAN_HF);
        // start ADC
        AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_CR = AT91C_ADC_START;


@@ -1386,7 +1424,7 @@ static int EmGetCmd(uint8_t *received, uint16_t *len, uint8_t *parity)
 
        // Clear RXRDY:
     uint8_t b = (uint8_t)AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR;
 
        // Clear RXRDY:
     uint8_t b = (uint8_t)AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR;

-
+       

        for(;;) {
                WDT_HIT();
 
        for(;;) {
                WDT_HIT();
 


@@ -1398,7 +1436,7 @@ static int EmGetCmd(uint8_t *received, uint16_t *len, uint8_t *parity)
                        analogAVG += AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_CDR[ADC_CHAN_HF];
                        AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_CR = AT91C_ADC_START;
                        if (analogCnt >= 32) {
                        analogAVG += AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_CDR[ADC_CHAN_HF];
                        AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_CR = AT91C_ADC_START;
                        if (analogCnt >= 32) {

-                               if ((33000 * (analogAVG / analogCnt) >> 10) < MF_MINFIELDV) {
+                               if ((MAX_ADC_HF_VOLTAGE * (analogAVG / analogCnt) >> 10) < MF_MINFIELDV) {

                                        vtime = GetTickCount();
                                        if (!timer) timer = vtime;
                                        // 50ms no field --> card to idle state
                                        vtime = GetTickCount();
                                        if (!timer) timer = vtime;
                                        // 50ms no field --> card to idle state


@@ -1461,7 +1499,7 @@ static int EmSendCmd14443aRaw(uint8_t *resp, uint16_t respLen, bool correctionNe
        AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = SEC_F;
 
        // send cycle
        AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = SEC_F;
 
        // send cycle

-       for(; i <= respLen; ) {
+       for(; i < respLen; ) {

                if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY)) {
                        AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = resp[i++];
                        FpgaSendQueueDelay = (uint8_t)AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR;
                if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY)) {
                        AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = resp[i++];
                        FpgaSendQueueDelay = (uint8_t)AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR;


@@ -1473,14 +1511,15 @@ static int EmSendCmd14443aRaw(uint8_t *resp, uint16_t respLen, bool correctionNe
        }
 
        // Ensure that the FPGA Delay Queue is empty before we switch to TAGSIM_LISTEN again:
        }
 
        // Ensure that the FPGA Delay Queue is empty before we switch to TAGSIM_LISTEN again:

-       for (i = 0; i < 2 ; ) {
+       uint8_t fpga_queued_bits = FpgaSendQueueDelay >> 3;
+       for (i = 0; i <= fpga_queued_bits/8 + 1; ) {

                if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY)) {
                        AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = SEC_F;
                        FpgaSendQueueDelay = (uint8_t)AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR;
                        i++;
                }
        }
                if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY)) {
                        AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = SEC_F;
                        FpgaSendQueueDelay = (uint8_t)AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR;
                        i++;
                }
        }

-       
+

        LastTimeProxToAirStart = ThisTransferTime + (correctionNeeded?8:0);
 
        return 0;
        LastTimeProxToAirStart = ThisTransferTime + (correctionNeeded?8:0);
 
        return 0;


@@ -1582,7 +1621,7 @@ static int GetIso14443aAnswerFromTag(uint8_t *receivedResponse, uint8_t *receive
 
        // clear RXRDY:
     uint8_t b = (uint8_t)AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR;
 
        // clear RXRDY:
     uint8_t b = (uint8_t)AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR;

-       
+

        c = 0;
        for(;;) {
                WDT_HIT();
        c = 0;
        for(;;) {
                WDT_HIT();


@@ -1592,13 +1631,14 @@ static int GetIso14443aAnswerFromTag(uint8_t *receivedResponse, uint8_t *receive
                        if(ManchesterDecoding(b, offset, 0)) {
                                NextTransferTime = MAX(NextTransferTime, Demod.endTime - (DELAY_AIR2ARM_AS_READER + DELAY_ARM2AIR_AS_READER)/16 + FRAME_DELAY_TIME_PICC_TO_PCD);
                                return TRUE;
                        if(ManchesterDecoding(b, offset, 0)) {
                                NextTransferTime = MAX(NextTransferTime, Demod.endTime - (DELAY_AIR2ARM_AS_READER + DELAY_ARM2AIR_AS_READER)/16 + FRAME_DELAY_TIME_PICC_TO_PCD);
                                return TRUE;

-                       } else if (c++ > iso14a_timeout) {
+                       } else if (c++ > iso14a_timeout && Demod.state == DEMOD_UNSYNCD) {

                                return FALSE; 
                        }
                }
        }
 }
 
                                return FALSE; 
                        }
                }
        }
 }
 

+

 void ReaderTransmitBitsPar(uint8_t* frame, uint16_t bits, uint8_t *par, uint32_t *timing)
 {
        CodeIso14443aBitsAsReaderPar(frame, bits, par);
 void ReaderTransmitBitsPar(uint8_t* frame, uint16_t bits, uint8_t *par, uint32_t *timing)
 {
        CodeIso14443aBitsAsReaderPar(frame, bits, par);


@@ -1614,11 +1654,13 @@ void ReaderTransmitBitsPar(uint8_t* frame, uint16_t bits, uint8_t *par, uint32_t
        }
 }
 
        }
 }
 

+

 void ReaderTransmitPar(uint8_t* frame, uint16_t len, uint8_t *par, uint32_t *timing)
 {
   ReaderTransmitBitsPar(frame, len*8, par, timing);
 }
 
 void ReaderTransmitPar(uint8_t* frame, uint16_t len, uint8_t *par, uint32_t *timing)
 {
   ReaderTransmitBitsPar(frame, len*8, par, timing);
 }
 

+

 void ReaderTransmitBits(uint8_t* frame, uint16_t len, uint32_t *timing)
 {
   // Generate parity and redirect
 void ReaderTransmitBits(uint8_t* frame, uint16_t len, uint32_t *timing)
 {
   // Generate parity and redirect


@@ -1627,6 +1669,7 @@ void ReaderTransmitBits(uint8_t* frame, uint16_t len, uint32_t *timing)
   ReaderTransmitBitsPar(frame, len, par, timing);
 }
 
   ReaderTransmitBitsPar(frame, len, par, timing);
 }
 

+

 void ReaderTransmit(uint8_t* frame, uint16_t len, uint32_t *timing)
 {
   // Generate parity and redirect
 void ReaderTransmit(uint8_t* frame, uint16_t len, uint32_t *timing)
 {
   // Generate parity and redirect


@@ -1661,8 +1704,8 @@ int iso14443a_select_card(byte_t *uid_ptr, iso14a_card_select_t *p_hi14a_card, u
        uint8_t sel_all[]    = { 0x93,0x20 };
        uint8_t sel_uid[]    = { 0x93,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00};
        uint8_t rats[]       = { 0xE0,0x80,0x00,0x00 }; // FSD=256, FSDI=8, CID=0
        uint8_t sel_all[]    = { 0x93,0x20 };
        uint8_t sel_uid[]    = { 0x93,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00};
        uint8_t rats[]       = { 0xE0,0x80,0x00,0x00 }; // FSD=256, FSDI=8, CID=0

-       uint8_t *resp = ((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + RECV_RESP_OFFSET;
-       uint8_t *resp_par = ((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + RECV_RESP_PAR_OFFSET;
+       uint8_t resp[MAX_FRAME_SIZE]; // theoretically. A usual RATS will be much smaller
+       uint8_t resp_par[MAX_PARITY_SIZE];

        byte_t uid_resp[4];
        size_t uid_resp_len;
 
        byte_t uid_resp[4];
        size_t uid_resp_len;
 


@@ -1687,6 +1730,11 @@ int iso14443a_select_card(byte_t *uid_ptr, iso14a_card_select_t *p_hi14a_card, u
                memset(uid_ptr,0,10);
        }
 
                memset(uid_ptr,0,10);
        }
 

+       // check for proprietary anticollision:
+       if ((resp[0] & 0x1F) == 0) {
+               return 3;
+       }
+       

        // OK we will select at least at cascade 1, lets see if first byte of UID was 0x88 in
        // which case we need to make a cascade 2 request and select - this is a long UID
        // While the UID is not complete, the 3nd bit (from the right) is set in the SAK.
        // OK we will select at least at cascade 1, lets see if first byte of UID was 0x88 in
        // which case we need to make a cascade 2 request and select - this is a long UID
        // While the UID is not complete, the 3nd bit (from the right) is set in the SAK.


@@ -1790,6 +1838,10 @@ int iso14443a_select_card(byte_t *uid_ptr, iso14a_card_select_t *p_hi14a_card, u
 
        // reset the PCB block number
        iso14_pcb_blocknum = 0;
 
        // reset the PCB block number
        iso14_pcb_blocknum = 0;

+
+       // set default timeout based on ATS
+       iso14a_set_ATS_timeout(resp);
+

        return 1;       
 }
 
        return 1;       
 }
 


@@ -1854,17 +1906,18 @@ void ReaderIso14443a(UsbCommand *c)
 {
        iso14a_command_t param = c->arg[0];
        uint8_t *cmd = c->d.asBytes;
 {
        iso14a_command_t param = c->arg[0];
        uint8_t *cmd = c->d.asBytes;

-       size_t len = c->arg[1];
-       size_t lenbits = c->arg[2];
+       size_t len = c->arg[1] & 0xffff;
+       size_t lenbits = c->arg[1] >> 16;
+       uint32_t timeout = c->arg[2];

        uint32_t arg0 = 0;
        byte_t buf[USB_CMD_DATA_SIZE];
        uint8_t par[MAX_PARITY_SIZE];
   
        if(param & ISO14A_CONNECT) {
        uint32_t arg0 = 0;
        byte_t buf[USB_CMD_DATA_SIZE];
        uint8_t par[MAX_PARITY_SIZE];
   
        if(param & ISO14A_CONNECT) {

-               iso14a_clear_trace();
+               clear_trace();

        }
 
        }
 

-       iso14a_set_tracing(TRUE);
+       set_tracing(TRUE);

 
        if(param & ISO14A_REQUEST_TRIGGER) {
                iso14a_set_trigger(TRUE);
 
        if(param & ISO14A_REQUEST_TRIGGER) {
                iso14a_set_trigger(TRUE);


@@ -1880,7 +1933,7 @@ void ReaderIso14443a(UsbCommand *c)
        }
 
        if(param & ISO14A_SET_TIMEOUT) {
        }
 
        if(param & ISO14A_SET_TIMEOUT) {

-               iso14a_set_timeout(c->arg[2]);
+               iso14a_set_timeout(timeout);

        }
 
        if(param & ISO14A_APDU) {
        }
 
        if(param & ISO14A_APDU) {


@@ -1890,15 +1943,38 @@ void ReaderIso14443a(UsbCommand *c)
 
        if(param & ISO14A_RAW) {
                if(param & ISO14A_APPEND_CRC) {
 
        if(param & ISO14A_RAW) {
                if(param & ISO14A_APPEND_CRC) {

-                       AppendCrc14443a(cmd,len);
+                       if(param & ISO14A_TOPAZMODE) {
+                               AppendCrc14443b(cmd,len);
+                       } else {
+                               AppendCrc14443a(cmd,len);
+                       }

                        len += 2;
                        if (lenbits) lenbits += 16;
                }
                        len += 2;
                        if (lenbits) lenbits += 16;
                }

-               if(lenbits>0) {
-                       GetParity(cmd, lenbits/8, par);
-                       ReaderTransmitBitsPar(cmd, lenbits, par, NULL);
-               } else {
-                       ReaderTransmit(cmd,len, NULL);
+               if(lenbits>0) {                         // want to send a specific number of bits (e.g. short commands)
+                       if(param & ISO14A_TOPAZMODE) {
+                               int bits_to_send = lenbits;
+                               uint16_t i = 0;
+                               ReaderTransmitBitsPar(&cmd[i++], MIN(bits_to_send, 7), NULL, NULL);             // first byte is always short (7bits) and no parity
+                               bits_to_send -= 7;
+                               while (bits_to_send > 0) {
+                                       ReaderTransmitBitsPar(&cmd[i++], MIN(bits_to_send, 8), NULL, NULL);     // following bytes are 8 bit and no parity
+                                       bits_to_send -= 8;
+                               }
+                       } else {
+                               GetParity(cmd, lenbits/8, par);
+                               ReaderTransmitBitsPar(cmd, lenbits, par, NULL);                                                 // bytes are 8 bit with odd parity
+                       }
+               } else {                                        // want to send complete bytes only
+                       if(param & ISO14A_TOPAZMODE) {
+                               uint16_t i = 0;
+                               ReaderTransmitBitsPar(&cmd[i++], 7, NULL, NULL);                                                // first byte: 7 bits, no paritiy
+                               while (i < len) {
+                                       ReaderTransmitBitsPar(&cmd[i++], 8, NULL, NULL);                                        // following bytes: 8 bits, no paritiy
+                               }
+                       } else {
+                               ReaderTransmit(cmd,len, NULL);                                                                                  // 8 bits, odd parity
+                       }

                }
                arg0 = ReaderReceive(buf, par);
                cmd_send(CMD_ACK,arg0,0,0,buf,sizeof(buf));
                }
                arg0 = ReaderReceive(buf, par);
                cmd_send(CMD_ACK,arg0,0,0,buf,sizeof(buf));


@@ -1934,7 +2010,7 @@ int32_t dist_nt(uint32_t nt1, uint32_t nt2) {
                nttmp1 = prng_successor(nttmp1, 1);
                if (nttmp1 == nt2) return i;
                nttmp2 = prng_successor(nttmp2, 1);
                nttmp1 = prng_successor(nttmp1, 1);
                if (nttmp1 == nt2) return i;
                nttmp2 = prng_successor(nttmp2, 1);

-                       if (nttmp2 == nt1) return -i;
+               if (nttmp2 == nt1) return -i;

                }
        
        return(-99999); // either nt1 or nt2 are invalid nonces
                }
        
        return(-99999); // either nt1 or nt2 are invalid nonces


@@ -1954,11 +2030,18 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try)
        uint8_t mf_nr_ar[]   = { 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00 };
        static uint8_t mf_nr_ar3;
 
        uint8_t mf_nr_ar[]   = { 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00 };
        static uint8_t mf_nr_ar3;
 

-       uint8_t* receivedAnswer = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + RECV_RESP_OFFSET);
-       uint8_t* receivedAnswerPar = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + RECV_RESP_PAR_OFFSET);
+       uint8_t receivedAnswer[MAX_MIFARE_FRAME_SIZE];
+       uint8_t receivedAnswerPar[MAX_MIFARE_PARITY_SIZE];

 
 

-       iso14a_clear_trace();
-       iso14a_set_tracing(TRUE);
+       if (first_try) { 
+               iso14443a_setup(FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_READER_MOD);
+       }
+       
+       // free eventually allocated BigBuf memory. We want all for tracing.
+       BigBuf_free();
+       
+       clear_trace();
+       set_tracing(TRUE);

 
        byte_t nt_diff = 0;
        uint8_t par[1] = {0};   // maximum 8 Bytes to be sent here, 1 byte parity is therefore enough
 
        byte_t nt_diff = 0;
        uint8_t par[1] = {0};   // maximum 8 Bytes to be sent here, 1 byte parity is therefore enough


@@ -1973,20 +2056,20 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try)
        byte_t par_list[8] = {0x00};
        byte_t ks_list[8] = {0x00};
 
        byte_t par_list[8] = {0x00};
        byte_t ks_list[8] = {0x00};
 

+       #define PRNG_SEQUENCE_LENGTH  (1 << 16);

        static uint32_t sync_time;
        static uint32_t sync_time;

-       static uint32_t sync_cycles;
+       static int32_t sync_cycles;

        int catch_up_cycles = 0;
        int last_catch_up = 0;
        int catch_up_cycles = 0;
        int last_catch_up = 0;

+       uint16_t elapsed_prng_sequences;

        uint16_t consecutive_resyncs = 0;
        int isOK = 0;
 
        if (first_try) { 
                mf_nr_ar3 = 0;
        uint16_t consecutive_resyncs = 0;
        int isOK = 0;
 
        if (first_try) { 
                mf_nr_ar3 = 0;

-               iso14443a_setup(FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_READER_MOD);

                sync_time = GetCountSspClk() & 0xfffffff8;
                sync_time = GetCountSspClk() & 0xfffffff8;

-               sync_cycles = 65536;                                                                    // theory: Mifare Classic's random generator repeats every 2^16 cycles (and so do the nonces).
+               sync_cycles = PRNG_SEQUENCE_LENGTH;                                                     // theory: Mifare Classic's random generator repeats every 2^16 cycles (and so do the tag nonces).

                nt_attacked = 0;
                nt_attacked = 0;

-               nt = 0;

                par[0] = 0;
        }
        else {
                par[0] = 0;
        }
        else {


@@ -2000,33 +2083,84 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try)
        LED_B_OFF();
        LED_C_OFF();
        
        LED_B_OFF();
        LED_C_OFF();
        

-  
+
+       #define MAX_UNEXPECTED_RANDOM   4               // maximum number of unexpected (i.e. real) random numbers when trying to sync. Then give up.
+       #define MAX_SYNC_TRIES                  32
+       #define NUM_DEBUG_INFOS                 8               // per strategy
+       #define MAX_STRATEGY                    3
+       uint16_t unexpected_random = 0;
+       uint16_t sync_tries = 0;
+       int16_t debug_info_nr = -1;
+       uint16_t strategy = 0;
+       int32_t debug_info[MAX_STRATEGY][NUM_DEBUG_INFOS];
+       uint32_t select_time;
+       uint32_t halt_time;
+       

        for(uint16_t i = 0; TRUE; i++) {
                
        for(uint16_t i = 0; TRUE; i++) {
                

+               LED_C_ON();

                WDT_HIT();
 
                // Test if the action was cancelled
                if(BUTTON_PRESS()) {
                WDT_HIT();
 
                // Test if the action was cancelled
                if(BUTTON_PRESS()) {

+                       isOK = -1;

                        break;
                }
                
                        break;
                }
                

-               LED_C_ON();
+               if (strategy == 2) {
+                       // test with additional hlt command
+                       halt_time = 0;
+                       int len = mifare_sendcmd_short(NULL, false, 0x50, 0x00, receivedAnswer, receivedAnswerPar, &halt_time);
+                       if (len && MF_DBGLEVEL >= 3) {
+                               Dbprintf("Unexpected response of %d bytes to hlt command (additional debugging).", len);
+                       }
+               }

 
 

+               if (strategy == 3) {
+                       // test with FPGA power off/on
+                       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
+                       SpinDelay(200);
+                       iso14443a_setup(FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_READER_MOD);
+                       SpinDelay(100);
+               }
+               

                if(!iso14443a_select_card(uid, NULL, &cuid)) {
                        if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1)   Dbprintf("Mifare: Can't select card");
                        continue;
                }
                if(!iso14443a_select_card(uid, NULL, &cuid)) {
                        if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1)   Dbprintf("Mifare: Can't select card");
                        continue;
                }

+               select_time = GetCountSspClk();

 
 

-               sync_time = (sync_time & 0xfffffff8) + sync_cycles + catch_up_cycles;
-               catch_up_cycles = 0;
+               elapsed_prng_sequences = 1;
+               if (debug_info_nr == -1) {
+                       sync_time = (sync_time & 0xfffffff8) + sync_cycles + catch_up_cycles;
+                       catch_up_cycles = 0;

 
 

-               // if we missed the sync time already, advance to the next nonce repeat
-               while(GetCountSspClk() > sync_time) {
-                       sync_time = (sync_time & 0xfffffff8) + sync_cycles;
-               }
+                       // if we missed the sync time already, advance to the next nonce repeat
+                       while(GetCountSspClk() > sync_time) {
+                               elapsed_prng_sequences++;
+                               sync_time = (sync_time & 0xfffffff8) + sync_cycles;
+                       }

 
 

-               // Transmit MIFARE_CLASSIC_AUTH at synctime. Should result in returning the same tag nonce (== nt_attacked) 
-               ReaderTransmit(mf_auth, sizeof(mf_auth), &sync_time);
+                       // Transmit MIFARE_CLASSIC_AUTH at synctime. Should result in returning the same tag nonce (== nt_attacked) 
+                       ReaderTransmit(mf_auth, sizeof(mf_auth), &sync_time);
+               } else {
+                       // collect some information on tag nonces for debugging:
+                       #define DEBUG_FIXED_SYNC_CYCLES PRNG_SEQUENCE_LENGTH
+                       if (strategy == 0) {
+                               // nonce distances at fixed time after card select:
+                               sync_time = select_time + DEBUG_FIXED_SYNC_CYCLES;
+                       } else if (strategy == 1) {
+                               // nonce distances at fixed time between authentications:
+                               sync_time = sync_time + DEBUG_FIXED_SYNC_CYCLES;
+                       } else if (strategy == 2) {
+                               // nonce distances at fixed time after halt:
+                               sync_time = halt_time + DEBUG_FIXED_SYNC_CYCLES;
+                       } else {
+                               // nonce_distances at fixed time after power on
+                               sync_time = DEBUG_FIXED_SYNC_CYCLES;
+                       }
+                       ReaderTransmit(mf_auth, sizeof(mf_auth), &sync_time);
+               }                       

 
                // Receive the (4 Byte) "random" nonce
                if (!ReaderReceive(receivedAnswer, receivedAnswerPar)) {
 
                // Receive the (4 Byte) "random" nonce
                if (!ReaderReceive(receivedAnswer, receivedAnswerPar)) {


@@ -2044,13 +2178,37 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try)
                        int nt_distance = dist_nt(previous_nt, nt);
                        if (nt_distance == 0) {
                                nt_attacked = nt;
                        int nt_distance = dist_nt(previous_nt, nt);
                        if (nt_distance == 0) {
                                nt_attacked = nt;

-                       }
-                       else {
-                               if (nt_distance == -99999) { // invalid nonce received, try again
-                                       continue;
+                       } else {
+                               if (nt_distance == -99999) { // invalid nonce received
+                                       unexpected_random++;
+                                       if (unexpected_random > MAX_UNEXPECTED_RANDOM) {
+                                               isOK = -3;              // Card has an unpredictable PRNG. Give up      
+                                               break;
+                                       } else {
+                                               continue;               // continue trying...
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               if (++sync_tries > MAX_SYNC_TRIES) {
+                                       if (strategy > MAX_STRATEGY || MF_DBGLEVEL < 3) {
+                                               isOK = -4;                      // Card's PRNG runs at an unexpected frequency or resets unexpectedly
+                                               break;
+                                       } else {                                // continue for a while, just to collect some debug info
+                                               debug_info[strategy][debug_info_nr] = nt_distance;
+                                               debug_info_nr++;
+                                               if (debug_info_nr == NUM_DEBUG_INFOS) {
+                                                       strategy++;
+                                                       debug_info_nr = 0;
+                                               }
+                                               continue;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               sync_cycles = (sync_cycles - nt_distance/elapsed_prng_sequences);
+                               if (sync_cycles <= 0) {
+                                       sync_cycles += PRNG_SEQUENCE_LENGTH;
+                               }
+                               if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 3) {
+                                       Dbprintf("calibrating in cycle %d. nt_distance=%d, elapsed_prng_sequences=%d, new sync_cycles: %d\n", i, nt_distance, elapsed_prng_sequences, sync_cycles);

                                }
                                }

-                               sync_cycles = (sync_cycles - nt_distance);
-                               if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 3) Dbprintf("calibrating in cycle %d. nt_distance=%d, Sync_cycles: %d\n", i, nt_distance, sync_cycles);

                                continue;
                        }
                }
                                continue;
                        }
                }


@@ -2061,6 +2219,7 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try)
                                catch_up_cycles = 0;
                                continue;
                        }
                                catch_up_cycles = 0;
                                continue;
                        }

+                       catch_up_cycles /= elapsed_prng_sequences;

                        if (catch_up_cycles == last_catch_up) {
                                consecutive_resyncs++;
                        }
                        if (catch_up_cycles == last_catch_up) {
                                consecutive_resyncs++;
                        }


@@ -2074,6 +2233,9 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try)
                        else {  
                                sync_cycles = sync_cycles + catch_up_cycles;
                                if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 3) Dbprintf("Lost sync in cycle %d for the fourth time consecutively (nt_distance = %d). Adjusting sync_cycles to %d.\n", i, -catch_up_cycles, sync_cycles);
                        else {  
                                sync_cycles = sync_cycles + catch_up_cycles;
                                if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 3) Dbprintf("Lost sync in cycle %d for the fourth time consecutively (nt_distance = %d). Adjusting sync_cycles to %d.\n", i, -catch_up_cycles, sync_cycles);

+                               last_catch_up = 0;
+                               catch_up_cycles = 0;
+                               consecutive_resyncs = 0;

                        }
                        continue;
                }
                        }
                        continue;
                }


@@ -2081,12 +2243,10 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try)
                consecutive_resyncs = 0;
                
                // Receive answer. This will be a 4 Bit NACK when the 8 parity bits are OK after decoding
                consecutive_resyncs = 0;
                
                // Receive answer. This will be a 4 Bit NACK when the 8 parity bits are OK after decoding

-               if (ReaderReceive(receivedAnswer, receivedAnswerPar))
-               {
+               if (ReaderReceive(receivedAnswer, receivedAnswerPar)) {

                        catch_up_cycles = 8;    // the PRNG is delayed by 8 cycles due to the NAC (4Bits = 0x05 encrypted) transfer
        
                        catch_up_cycles = 8;    // the PRNG is delayed by 8 cycles due to the NAC (4Bits = 0x05 encrypted) transfer
        

-                       if (nt_diff == 0)
-                       {
+                       if (nt_diff == 0) {

                                par_low = par[0] & 0xE0; // there is no need to check all parities for other nt_diff. Parity Bits for mf_nr_ar[0..2] won't change
                        }
 
                                par_low = par[0] & 0xE0; // there is no need to check all parities for other nt_diff. Parity Bits for mf_nr_ar[0..2] won't change
                        }
 


@@ -2109,6 +2269,10 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try)
                        if (nt_diff == 0 && first_try)
                        {
                                par[0]++;
                        if (nt_diff == 0 && first_try)
                        {
                                par[0]++;

+                               if (par[0] == 0x00) {           // tried all 256 possible parities without success. Card doesn't send NACK.
+                                       isOK = -2;
+                                       break;
+                               }

                        } else {
                                par[0] = ((par[0] & 0x1F) + 1) | par_low;
                        }
                        } else {
                                par[0] = ((par[0] & 0x1F) + 1) | par_low;
                        }


@@ -2117,6 +2281,16 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try)
 
 
        mf_nr_ar[3] &= 0x1F;
 
 
        mf_nr_ar[3] &= 0x1F;

+
+       if (isOK == -4) {
+               if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 3) {
+                       for (uint16_t i = 0; i <= MAX_STRATEGY; i++) {
+                               for(uint16_t j = 0; j < NUM_DEBUG_INFOS; j++) {
+                                       Dbprintf("collected debug info[%d][%d] = %d", i, j, debug_info[i][j]);
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       }

        
        byte_t buf[28];
        memcpy(buf + 0,  uid, 4);
        
        byte_t buf[28];
        memcpy(buf + 0,  uid, 4);


@@ -2125,29 +2299,44 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try)
        memcpy(buf + 16, ks_list, 8);
        memcpy(buf + 24, mf_nr_ar, 4);
                
        memcpy(buf + 16, ks_list, 8);
        memcpy(buf + 24, mf_nr_ar, 4);
                

-       cmd_send(CMD_ACK,isOK,0,0,buf,28);
+       cmd_send(CMD_ACK, isOK, 0, 0, buf, 28);

 
        // Thats it...
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
        LEDsoff();
 
 
        // Thats it...
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
        LEDsoff();
 

-       iso14a_set_tracing(FALSE);
+       set_tracing(FALSE);

 }
 
 }
 

+typedef struct {
+  uint32_t cuid;
+  uint8_t  sector;
+  uint8_t  keytype;
+  uint32_t nonce;
+  uint32_t ar;
+  uint32_t nr;
+  uint32_t nonce2;
+  uint32_t ar2;
+  uint32_t nr2;
+} nonces_t;
+

 /**
   *MIFARE 1K simulate.
   *
   *@param flags :
   *    FLAG_INTERACTIVE - In interactive mode, we are expected to finish the operation with an ACK
 /**
   *MIFARE 1K simulate.
   *
   *@param flags :
   *    FLAG_INTERACTIVE - In interactive mode, we are expected to finish the operation with an ACK

-  * 4B_FLAG_UID_IN_DATA - means that there is a 4-byte UID in the data-section, we're expected to use that
-  * 7B_FLAG_UID_IN_DATA - means that there is a 7-byte UID in the data-section, we're expected to use that
+  * FLAG_4B_UID_IN_DATA - means that there is a 4-byte UID in the data-section, we're expected to use that
+  * FLAG_7B_UID_IN_DATA - means that there is a 7-byte UID in the data-section, we're expected to use that
+  * FLAG_10B_UID_IN_DATA       - use 10-byte UID in the data-section not finished

   *    FLAG_NR_AR_ATTACK  - means we should collect NR_AR responses for bruteforcing later
   *    FLAG_NR_AR_ATTACK  - means we should collect NR_AR responses for bruteforcing later

-  *@param exitAfterNReads, exit simulation after n blocks have been read, 0 is inifite
+  * FLAG_RANDOM_NONCE - means we should generate some pseudo-random nonce data (only allows moebius attack)
+  *@param exitAfterNReads, exit simulation after n blocks have been read, 0 is infinite ...
+  * (unless reader attack mode enabled then it runs util it gets enough nonces to recover all keys attmpted)

   */
 void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *datain)
 {
        int cardSTATE = MFEMUL_NOFIELD;
   */
 void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *datain)
 {
        int cardSTATE = MFEMUL_NOFIELD;

-       int _7BUID = 0;
+       int _UID_LEN = 0; // 4, 7, 10

        int vHf = 0;    // in mV
        int res;
        uint32_t selTimer = 0;
        int vHf = 0;    // in mV
        int res;
        uint32_t selTimer = 0;


@@ -2166,32 +2355,45 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *
        struct Crypto1State *pcs;
        pcs = &mpcs;
        uint32_t numReads = 0;//Counts numer of times reader read a block
        struct Crypto1State *pcs;
        pcs = &mpcs;
        uint32_t numReads = 0;//Counts numer of times reader read a block

-       uint8_t* receivedCmd = get_bigbufptr_recvcmdbuf();
-       uint8_t* receivedCmd_par = receivedCmd + MAX_FRAME_SIZE;
-       uint8_t* response = get_bigbufptr_recvrespbuf();
-       uint8_t* response_par = response + MAX_FRAME_SIZE;
+       uint8_t receivedCmd[MAX_MIFARE_FRAME_SIZE];
+       uint8_t receivedCmd_par[MAX_MIFARE_PARITY_SIZE];
+       uint8_t response[MAX_MIFARE_FRAME_SIZE];
+       uint8_t response_par[MAX_MIFARE_PARITY_SIZE];

        
        

-       uint8_t rATQA[] = {0x04, 0x00}; // Mifare classic 1k 4BUID
+       uint8_t rATQA[]    = {0x04, 0x00}; // Mifare classic 1k 4BUID

        uint8_t rUIDBCC1[] = {0xde, 0xad, 0xbe, 0xaf, 0x62};
        uint8_t rUIDBCC2[] = {0xde, 0xad, 0xbe, 0xaf, 0x62}; // !!!
        uint8_t rUIDBCC1[] = {0xde, 0xad, 0xbe, 0xaf, 0x62};
        uint8_t rUIDBCC2[] = {0xde, 0xad, 0xbe, 0xaf, 0x62}; // !!!

-       uint8_t rSAK[] = {0x08, 0xb6, 0xdd};
-       uint8_t rSAK1[] = {0x04, 0xda, 0x17};
+       uint8_t rUIDBCC3[] = {0xde, 0xad, 0xbe, 0xaf, 0x62};
+
+       uint8_t rSAKfinal[]= {0x08, 0xb6, 0xdd};      // mifare 1k indicated
+       uint8_t rSAK1[]    = {0x04, 0xda, 0x17};      // indicate UID not finished

 
        uint8_t rAUTH_NT[] = {0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04};
        uint8_t rAUTH_AT[] = {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
                
 
        uint8_t rAUTH_NT[] = {0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04};
        uint8_t rAUTH_AT[] = {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
                

-       //Here, we collect UID,NT,AR,NR,UID2,NT2,AR2,NR2
-       // This can be used in a reader-only attack.
-       // (it can also be retrieved via 'hf 14a list', but hey...
-       uint32_t ar_nr_responses[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
-       uint8_t ar_nr_collected = 0;
-
-       // clear trace
-    iso14a_clear_trace();
-       iso14a_set_tracing(TRUE);
+       //Here, we collect UID,sector,keytype,NT,AR,NR,NT2,AR2,NR2
+       // This will be used in the reader-only attack.
+
+       //allow collecting up to 8 sets of nonces to allow recovery of up to 8 keys
+       #define ATTACK_KEY_COUNT 8 // keep same as define in cmdhfmf.c -> readerAttack()
+       nonces_t ar_nr_resp[ATTACK_KEY_COUNT*2]; //*2 for 2 separate attack types (nml, moebius)
+       memset(ar_nr_resp, 0x00, sizeof(ar_nr_resp));
+
+       uint8_t ar_nr_collected[ATTACK_KEY_COUNT*2]; //*2 for 2nd attack type (moebius)
+       memset(ar_nr_collected, 0x00, sizeof(ar_nr_collected));
+       uint8_t nonce1_count = 0;
+       uint8_t nonce2_count = 0;
+       uint8_t moebius_n_count = 0;
+       bool gettingMoebius = false;
+       uint8_t mM = 0; //moebius_modifier for collection storage

 
        // Authenticate response - nonce
 
        // Authenticate response - nonce

-       uint32_t nonce = bytes_to_num(rAUTH_NT, 4);
+       uint32_t nonce;
+       if (flags & FLAG_RANDOM_NONCE) {
+               nonce = prand();
+       } else {
+               nonce = bytes_to_num(rAUTH_NT, 4);
+       }

        
        //-- Determine the UID
        // Can be set from emulator memory, incoming data
        
        //-- Determine the UID
        // Can be set from emulator memory, incoming data


@@ -2201,68 +2403,124 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *
                // 4B uid comes from data-portion of packet
                memcpy(rUIDBCC1,datain,4);
                rUIDBCC1[4] = rUIDBCC1[0] ^ rUIDBCC1[1] ^ rUIDBCC1[2] ^ rUIDBCC1[3];
                // 4B uid comes from data-portion of packet
                memcpy(rUIDBCC1,datain,4);
                rUIDBCC1[4] = rUIDBCC1[0] ^ rUIDBCC1[1] ^ rUIDBCC1[2] ^ rUIDBCC1[3];

-
+               _UID_LEN = 4;

        } else if (flags & FLAG_7B_UID_IN_DATA) {
                // 7B uid comes from data-portion of packet
                memcpy(&rUIDBCC1[1],datain,3);
                memcpy(rUIDBCC2, datain+3, 4);
        } else if (flags & FLAG_7B_UID_IN_DATA) {
                // 7B uid comes from data-portion of packet
                memcpy(&rUIDBCC1[1],datain,3);
                memcpy(rUIDBCC2, datain+3, 4);

-               _7BUID = true;
+               _UID_LEN = 7;
+       } else if (flags & FLAG_10B_UID_IN_DATA) {
+               memcpy(&rUIDBCC1[1], datain,   3);
+               memcpy(&rUIDBCC2[1], datain+3, 3);
+               memcpy( rUIDBCC3,    datain+6, 4);
+               _UID_LEN = 10;

        } else {
        } else {

-               // get UID from emul memory
+               // get UID from emul memory - guess at length

                emlGetMemBt(receivedCmd, 7, 1);
                emlGetMemBt(receivedCmd, 7, 1);

-               _7BUID = !(receivedCmd[0] == 0x00);
-               if (!_7BUID) {                     // ---------- 4BUID
+               if (receivedCmd[0] == 0x00) {      // ---------- 4BUID

                        emlGetMemBt(rUIDBCC1, 0, 4);
                        emlGetMemBt(rUIDBCC1, 0, 4);

+                       _UID_LEN = 4;

                } else {                           // ---------- 7BUID
                        emlGetMemBt(&rUIDBCC1[1], 0, 3);
                        emlGetMemBt(rUIDBCC2, 3, 4);
                } else {                           // ---------- 7BUID
                        emlGetMemBt(&rUIDBCC1[1], 0, 3);
                        emlGetMemBt(rUIDBCC2, 3, 4);

+                       _UID_LEN = 7;

                }
        }
 
                }
        }
 

-       /*
-        * Regardless of what method was used to set the UID, set fifth byte and modify
-        * the ATQA for 4 or 7-byte UID
-        */
-       rUIDBCC1[4] = rUIDBCC1[0] ^ rUIDBCC1[1] ^ rUIDBCC1[2] ^ rUIDBCC1[3];
-       if (_7BUID) {
-               rATQA[0] = 0x44;
-               rUIDBCC1[0] = 0x88;
-               rUIDBCC2[4] = rUIDBCC2[0] ^ rUIDBCC2[1] ^ rUIDBCC2[2] ^ rUIDBCC2[3];
+       switch (_UID_LEN) {
+               case 4:
+                       // save CUID
+                       cuid = bytes_to_num(rUIDBCC1, 4);
+                       // BCC
+                       rUIDBCC1[4] = rUIDBCC1[0] ^ rUIDBCC1[1] ^ rUIDBCC1[2] ^ rUIDBCC1[3];
+                       if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 2)   {
+                               Dbprintf("4B UID: %02x%02x%02x%02x", 
+                                       rUIDBCC1[0],
+                                       rUIDBCC1[1],
+                                       rUIDBCC1[2],
+                                       rUIDBCC1[3]
+                               );
+                       }
+                       break;
+               case 7:
+                       rATQA[0] |= 0x40;
+                       // save CUID
+                       cuid = bytes_to_num(rUIDBCC2, 4);
+                        // CascadeTag, CT
+                       rUIDBCC1[0] = 0x88;
+                       // BCC
+                       rUIDBCC1[4] = rUIDBCC1[0] ^ rUIDBCC1[1] ^ rUIDBCC1[2] ^ rUIDBCC1[3]; 
+                       rUIDBCC2[4] = rUIDBCC2[0] ^ rUIDBCC2[1] ^ rUIDBCC2[2] ^ rUIDBCC2[3]; 
+                       if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 2)   {
+                               Dbprintf("7B UID: %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x",
+                                       rUIDBCC1[1],
+                                       rUIDBCC1[2],
+                                       rUIDBCC1[3],
+                                       rUIDBCC2[0],
+                                       rUIDBCC2[1],
+                                       rUIDBCC2[2],
+                                       rUIDBCC2[3]
+                               );
+                       }
+                       break;
+               case 10:
+                       rATQA[0] |= 0x80;
+                       //sak_10[0] &= 0xFB;                                    
+                       // save CUID
+                       cuid = bytes_to_num(rUIDBCC3, 4);
+                        // CascadeTag, CT
+                       rUIDBCC1[0] = 0x88;
+                       rUIDBCC2[0] = 0x88;
+                       // BCC
+                       rUIDBCC1[4] = rUIDBCC1[0] ^ rUIDBCC1[1] ^ rUIDBCC1[2] ^ rUIDBCC1[3];
+                       rUIDBCC2[4] = rUIDBCC2[0] ^ rUIDBCC2[1] ^ rUIDBCC2[2] ^ rUIDBCC2[3];
+                       rUIDBCC3[4] = rUIDBCC3[0] ^ rUIDBCC3[1] ^ rUIDBCC3[2] ^ rUIDBCC3[3];
+
+                       if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 2)   {
+                               Dbprintf("10B UID: %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x",
+                                       rUIDBCC1[1],
+                                       rUIDBCC1[2],
+                                       rUIDBCC1[3],
+                                       rUIDBCC2[1],
+                                       rUIDBCC2[2],
+                                       rUIDBCC2[3],
+                                       rUIDBCC3[0],
+                                       rUIDBCC3[1],
+                                       rUIDBCC3[2],
+                                       rUIDBCC3[3]
+                               );
+                       }
+                       break;
+               default: 
+                       break;

        }
 
        // We need to listen to the high-frequency, peak-detected path.
        iso14443a_setup(FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_TAGSIM_LISTEN);
 
        }
 
        // We need to listen to the high-frequency, peak-detected path.
        iso14443a_setup(FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_TAGSIM_LISTEN);
 

+       // free eventually allocated BigBuf memory but keep Emulator Memory
+       BigBuf_free_keep_EM();

 
 

-       if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1)   {
-               if (!_7BUID) {
-                       Dbprintf("4B UID: %02x%02x%02x%02x", 
-                               rUIDBCC1[0], rUIDBCC1[1], rUIDBCC1[2], rUIDBCC1[3]);
-               } else {
-                       Dbprintf("7B UID: (%02x)%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x",
-                               rUIDBCC1[0], rUIDBCC1[1], rUIDBCC1[2], rUIDBCC1[3],
-                               rUIDBCC2[0], rUIDBCC2[1] ,rUIDBCC2[2], rUIDBCC2[3]);
-               }
-       }
+       // clear trace
+       clear_trace();
+       set_tracing(TRUE);

 
        bool finished = FALSE;
 
        bool finished = FALSE;

-       while (!BUTTON_PRESS() && !finished) {
+       bool button_pushed = BUTTON_PRESS();
+       while (!button_pushed && !finished && !usb_poll_validate_length()) {

                WDT_HIT();
 
                // find reader field
                WDT_HIT();
 
                // find reader field

-               // Vref = 3300mV, and an 10:1 voltage divider on the input
-               // can measure voltages up to 33000 mV

                if (cardSTATE == MFEMUL_NOFIELD) {
                if (cardSTATE == MFEMUL_NOFIELD) {

-                       vHf = (33000 * AvgAdc(ADC_CHAN_HF)) >> 10;
+                       vHf = (MAX_ADC_HF_VOLTAGE * AvgAdc(ADC_CHAN_HF)) >> 10;

                        if (vHf > MF_MINFIELDV) {
                                cardSTATE_TO_IDLE();
                                LED_A_ON();
                        }
                        if (vHf > MF_MINFIELDV) {
                                cardSTATE_TO_IDLE();
                                LED_A_ON();
                        }

-               } 
-               if(cardSTATE == MFEMUL_NOFIELD) continue;
+               }
+               if (cardSTATE == MFEMUL_NOFIELD) continue;

 
                //Now, get data
 
                //Now, get data

-

                res = EmGetCmd(receivedCmd, &len, receivedCmd_par);
                if (res == 2) { //Field is off!
                        cardSTATE = MFEMUL_NOFIELD;
                res = EmGetCmd(receivedCmd, &len, receivedCmd_par);
                if (res == 2) { //Field is off!
                        cardSTATE = MFEMUL_NOFIELD;


@@ -2271,11 +2529,11 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *
                } else if (res == 1) {
                        break;  //return value 1 means button press
                }
                } else if (res == 1) {
                        break;  //return value 1 means button press
                }

-                       
+

                // REQ or WUP request in ANY state and WUP in HALTED state
                // REQ or WUP request in ANY state and WUP in HALTED state

-               if (len == 1 && ((receivedCmd[0] == 0x26 && cardSTATE != MFEMUL_HALTED) || receivedCmd[0] == 0x52)) {
+               if (len == 1 && ((receivedCmd[0] == ISO14443A_CMD_REQA && cardSTATE != MFEMUL_HALTED) || receivedCmd[0] == ISO14443A_CMD_WUPA)) {

                        selTimer = GetTickCount();
                        selTimer = GetTickCount();

-                       EmSendCmdEx(rATQA, sizeof(rATQA), (receivedCmd[0] == 0x52));
+                       EmSendCmdEx(rATQA, sizeof(rATQA), (receivedCmd[0] == ISO14443A_CMD_WUPA));

                        cardSTATE = MFEMUL_SELECT1;
 
                        // init crypto block
                        cardSTATE = MFEMUL_SELECT1;
 
                        // init crypto block


@@ -2283,6 +2541,9 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *
                        LED_C_OFF();
                        crypto1_destroy(pcs);
                        cardAUTHKEY = 0xff;
                        LED_C_OFF();
                        crypto1_destroy(pcs);
                        cardAUTHKEY = 0xff;

+                       if (flags & FLAG_RANDOM_NONCE) {
+                               nonce = prand();
+                       }

                        continue;
                }
                
                        continue;
                }
                


@@ -2294,58 +2555,141 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *
                                break;
                        }
                        case MFEMUL_SELECT1:{
                                break;
                        }
                        case MFEMUL_SELECT1:{

-                               // select all
-                               if (len == 2 && (receivedCmd[0] == 0x93 && receivedCmd[1] == 0x20)) {
+                               // select all - 0x93 0x20
+                               if (len == 2 && (receivedCmd[0] == ISO14443A_CMD_ANTICOLL_OR_SELECT && receivedCmd[1] == 0x20)) {

                                        if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4)   Dbprintf("SELECT ALL received");
                                        EmSendCmd(rUIDBCC1, sizeof(rUIDBCC1));
                                        break;
                                }
 
                                        if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4)   Dbprintf("SELECT ALL received");
                                        EmSendCmd(rUIDBCC1, sizeof(rUIDBCC1));
                                        break;
                                }
 

-                               if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4 && len == 9 && receivedCmd[0] == 0x93 && receivedCmd[1] == 0x70 )
-                               {
-                                       Dbprintf("SELECT %02x%02x%02x%02x received",receivedCmd[2],receivedCmd[3],receivedCmd[4],receivedCmd[5]);
+                               // select card - 0x93 0x70 ...
+                               if (len == 9 &&
+                                               (receivedCmd[0] == ISO14443A_CMD_ANTICOLL_OR_SELECT && receivedCmd[1] == 0x70 && memcmp(&receivedCmd[2], rUIDBCC1, 4) == 0)) {
+                                       if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4) 
+                                               Dbprintf("SELECT %02x%02x%02x%02x received",receivedCmd[2],receivedCmd[3],receivedCmd[4],receivedCmd[5]);
+                                       
+                                       switch(_UID_LEN) {
+                                               case 4:
+                                                       cardSTATE = MFEMUL_WORK;
+                                                       LED_B_ON();
+                                                       if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4)   Dbprintf("--> WORK. anticol1 time: %d", GetTickCount() - selTimer);
+                                                       EmSendCmd(rSAKfinal, sizeof(rSAKfinal));
+                                                       break;
+                                               case 7:
+                                                       cardSTATE       = MFEMUL_SELECT2;
+                                                       EmSendCmd(rSAK1, sizeof(rSAK1));
+                                                       break;
+                                               case 10:
+                                                       cardSTATE       = MFEMUL_SELECT2;
+                                                       EmSendCmd(rSAK1, sizeof(rSAK1));
+                                                       break;
+                                               default:break;
+                                       }
+                               } else {
+                                       cardSTATE_TO_IDLE();
+                               }
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       case MFEMUL_SELECT3:{
+                               if (!len) { 
+                                       LogTrace(Uart.output, Uart.len, Uart.startTime*16 - DELAY_AIR2ARM_AS_TAG, Uart.endTime*16 - DELAY_AIR2ARM_AS_TAG, Uart.parity, TRUE);
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                               // select all cl3 - 0x97 0x20
+                               if (len == 2 && (receivedCmd[0] == ISO14443A_CMD_ANTICOLL_OR_SELECT_3 && receivedCmd[1] == 0x20)) {
+                                       EmSendCmd(rUIDBCC3, sizeof(rUIDBCC3));
+                                       break;

                                }
                                }

-                               // select card
+                               // select card cl3 - 0x97 0x70

                                if (len == 9 && 
                                if (len == 9 && 

-                                               (receivedCmd[0] == 0x93 && receivedCmd[1] == 0x70 && memcmp(&receivedCmd[2], rUIDBCC1, 4) == 0)) {
-                                       EmSendCmd(_7BUID?rSAK1:rSAK, _7BUID?sizeof(rSAK1):sizeof(rSAK));
-                                       cuid = bytes_to_num(rUIDBCC1, 4);
-                                       if (!_7BUID) {
-                                               cardSTATE = MFEMUL_WORK;
-                                               LED_B_ON();
-                                               if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4)   Dbprintf("--> WORK. anticol1 time: %d", GetTickCount() - selTimer);
-                                               break;
-                                       } else {
-                                               cardSTATE = MFEMUL_SELECT2;
-                                       }
+                                               (receivedCmd[0] == ISO14443A_CMD_ANTICOLL_OR_SELECT_3 &&
+                                                receivedCmd[1] == 0x70 && 
+                                                memcmp(&receivedCmd[2], rUIDBCC3, 4) == 0) ) {
+
+                                       EmSendCmd(rSAKfinal, sizeof(rSAKfinal));
+                                       cardSTATE = MFEMUL_WORK;
+                                       LED_B_ON();
+                                       if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4)   Dbprintf("--> WORK. anticol3 time: %d", GetTickCount() - selTimer);
+                                       break;

                                }
                                }

+                               cardSTATE_TO_IDLE();

                                break;
                        }
                        case MFEMUL_AUTH1:{
                                break;
                        }
                        case MFEMUL_AUTH1:{

-                               if( len != 8)
-                               {
+                               if( len != 8) {

                                        cardSTATE_TO_IDLE();
                                        LogTrace(Uart.output, Uart.len, Uart.startTime*16 - DELAY_AIR2ARM_AS_TAG, Uart.endTime*16 - DELAY_AIR2ARM_AS_TAG, Uart.parity, TRUE);
                                        break;
                                }
                                        cardSTATE_TO_IDLE();
                                        LogTrace(Uart.output, Uart.len, Uart.startTime*16 - DELAY_AIR2ARM_AS_TAG, Uart.endTime*16 - DELAY_AIR2ARM_AS_TAG, Uart.parity, TRUE);
                                        break;
                                }

-                               uint32_t ar = bytes_to_num(receivedCmd, 4);
-                               uint32_t nr = bytes_to_num(&receivedCmd[4], 4);
-
-                               //Collect AR/NR
-                               if(ar_nr_collected < 2){
-                                       if(ar_nr_responses[2] != ar)
-                                       {// Avoid duplicates... probably not necessary, ar should vary. 
-                                               ar_nr_responses[ar_nr_collected*4] = cuid;
-                                               ar_nr_responses[ar_nr_collected*4+1] = nonce;
-                                               ar_nr_responses[ar_nr_collected*4+2] = ar;
-                                               ar_nr_responses[ar_nr_collected*4+3] = nr;
-                                               ar_nr_collected++;
+
+                               uint32_t nr = bytes_to_num(receivedCmd, 4);
+                               uint32_t ar = bytes_to_num(&receivedCmd[4], 4);
+       
+                               // Collect AR/NR per keytype & sector
+                               if(flags & FLAG_NR_AR_ATTACK) {
+                                       for (uint8_t i = 0; i < ATTACK_KEY_COUNT; i++) {
+                                               if ( ar_nr_collected[i+mM]==0 || ((cardAUTHSC == ar_nr_resp[i+mM].sector) && (cardAUTHKEY == ar_nr_resp[i+mM].keytype) && (ar_nr_collected[i+mM] > 0)) ) {
+                                                       // if first auth for sector, or matches sector and keytype of previous auth
+                                                       if (ar_nr_collected[i+mM] < 2) {
+                                                               // if we haven't already collected 2 nonces for this sector
+                                                               if (ar_nr_resp[ar_nr_collected[i+mM]].ar != ar) {
+                                                                       // Avoid duplicates... probably not necessary, ar should vary. 
+                                                                       if (ar_nr_collected[i+mM]==0) {
+                                                                               // first nonce collect
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+mM].cuid = cuid;
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+mM].sector = cardAUTHSC;
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+mM].keytype = cardAUTHKEY;
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+mM].nonce = nonce;
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+mM].nr = nr;
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+mM].ar = ar;
+                                                                               nonce1_count++;
+                                                                               // add this nonce to first moebius nonce
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+ATTACK_KEY_COUNT].cuid = cuid;
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+ATTACK_KEY_COUNT].sector = cardAUTHSC;
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+ATTACK_KEY_COUNT].keytype = cardAUTHKEY;
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+ATTACK_KEY_COUNT].nonce = nonce;
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+ATTACK_KEY_COUNT].nr = nr;
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+ATTACK_KEY_COUNT].ar = ar;
+                                                                               ar_nr_collected[i+ATTACK_KEY_COUNT]++;
+                                                                       } else { // second nonce collect (std and moebius)
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+mM].nonce2 = nonce;
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+mM].nr2 = nr;
+                                                                               ar_nr_resp[i+mM].ar2 = ar;
+                                                                               if (!gettingMoebius) {
+                                                                                       nonce2_count++;
+                                                                                       // check if this was the last second nonce we need for std attack
+                                                                                       if ( nonce2_count == nonce1_count ) {
+                                                                                               // done collecting std test switch to moebius
+                                                                                               // first finish incrementing last sample
+                                                                                               ar_nr_collected[i+mM]++; 
+                                                                                               // switch to moebius collection
+                                                                                               gettingMoebius = true;
+                                                                                               mM = ATTACK_KEY_COUNT;
+                                                                                               if (flags & FLAG_RANDOM_NONCE) {
+                                                                                                       nonce = prand();
+                                                                                               } else {
+                                                                                                       nonce = nonce*7;
+                                                                                               }
+                                                                                               break;
+                                                                                       }
+                                                                               } else {
+                                                                                       moebius_n_count++;
+                                                                                       // if we've collected all the nonces we need - finish.
+                                                                                       if (nonce1_count == moebius_n_count) finished = true;
+                                                                               }
+                                                                       }
+                                                                       ar_nr_collected[i+mM]++;
+                                                               }
+                                                       }
+                                                       // we found right spot for this nonce stop looking
+                                                       break;
+                                               }

                                        }
                                }
 
                                // --- crypto
                                        }
                                }
 
                                // --- crypto

-                               crypto1_word(pcs, ar , 1);
-                               cardRr = nr ^ crypto1_word(pcs, 0, 0);
+                               crypto1_word(pcs, nr , 1);
+                               cardRr = ar ^ crypto1_word(pcs, 0, 0);

 
                                // test if auth OK
                                if (cardRr != prng_successor(nonce, 64)){
 
                                // test if auth OK
                                if (cardRr != prng_successor(nonce, 64)){


@@ -2361,6 +2705,7 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *
                                        break;
                                }
 
                                        break;
                                }
 

+                               //auth successful

                                ans = prng_successor(nonce, 96) ^ crypto1_word(pcs, 0, 0);
 
                                num_to_bytes(ans, 4, rAUTH_AT);
                                ans = prng_successor(nonce, 96) ^ crypto1_word(pcs, 0, 0);
 
                                num_to_bytes(ans, 4, rAUTH_AT);


@@ -2377,20 +2722,29 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *
                                if (!len) { 
                                        LogTrace(Uart.output, Uart.len, Uart.startTime*16 - DELAY_AIR2ARM_AS_TAG, Uart.endTime*16 - DELAY_AIR2ARM_AS_TAG, Uart.parity, TRUE);
                                        break;
                                if (!len) { 
                                        LogTrace(Uart.output, Uart.len, Uart.startTime*16 - DELAY_AIR2ARM_AS_TAG, Uart.endTime*16 - DELAY_AIR2ARM_AS_TAG, Uart.parity, TRUE);
                                        break;

-                               }
-                               if (len == 2 && (receivedCmd[0] == 0x95 && receivedCmd[1] == 0x20)) {
+                               }       
+                               // select all cl2 - 0x95 0x20
+                               if (len == 2 && (receivedCmd[0] == ISO14443A_CMD_ANTICOLL_OR_SELECT_2 && receivedCmd[1] == 0x20)) {

                                        EmSendCmd(rUIDBCC2, sizeof(rUIDBCC2));
                                        break;
                                }
 
                                        EmSendCmd(rUIDBCC2, sizeof(rUIDBCC2));
                                        break;
                                }
 

-                               // select 2 card
+                               // select cl2 card - 0x95 0x70 xxxxxxxxxxxx

                                if (len == 9 && 
                                if (len == 9 && 

-                                               (receivedCmd[0] == 0x95 && receivedCmd[1] == 0x70 && memcmp(&receivedCmd[2], rUIDBCC2, 4) == 0)) {
-                                       EmSendCmd(rSAK, sizeof(rSAK));
-                                       cuid = bytes_to_num(rUIDBCC2, 4);
-                                       cardSTATE = MFEMUL_WORK;
-                                       LED_B_ON();
-                                       if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4)   Dbprintf("--> WORK. anticol2 time: %d", GetTickCount() - selTimer);
+                                               (receivedCmd[0] == ISO14443A_CMD_ANTICOLL_OR_SELECT_2 && receivedCmd[1] == 0x70 && memcmp(&receivedCmd[2], rUIDBCC2, 4) == 0)) {
+                                       switch(_UID_LEN) {
+                                               case 7:
+                                                       EmSendCmd(rSAKfinal, sizeof(rSAKfinal));
+                                                       cardSTATE = MFEMUL_WORK;
+                                                       LED_B_ON();
+                                                       if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4)   Dbprintf("--> WORK. anticol2 time: %d", GetTickCount() - selTimer);
+                                                       break;
+                                               case 10:
+                                                       EmSendCmd(rSAK1, sizeof(rSAK1));
+                                                       cardSTATE = MFEMUL_SELECT3;
+                                                       break;
+                                               default:break;
+                                       }

                                        break;
                                }
                                
                                        break;
                                }
                                


@@ -2418,11 +2772,22 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *
                                }
                                
                                if (len == 4 && (receivedCmd[0] == 0x60 || receivedCmd[0] == 0x61)) {
                                }
                                
                                if (len == 4 && (receivedCmd[0] == 0x60 || receivedCmd[0] == 0x61)) {

+
+                                       // if authenticating to a block that shouldn't exist - as long as we are not doing the reader attack
+                                       if (receivedCmd[1] >= 16 * 4 && !(flags & FLAG_NR_AR_ATTACK)) {
+                                               //is this the correct response to an auth on a out of range block? marshmellow
+                                               EmSend4bit(mf_crypto1_encrypt4bit(pcs, CARD_NACK_NA));
+                                               if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 2) Dbprintf("Reader tried to operate (0x%02x) on out of range block: %d (0x%02x), nacking",receivedCmd[0],receivedCmd[1],receivedCmd[1]);
+                                               break;
+                                       }
+

                                        authTimer = GetTickCount();
                                        cardAUTHSC = receivedCmd[1] / 4;  // received block num
                                        cardAUTHKEY = receivedCmd[0] - 0x60;
                                        crypto1_destroy(pcs);//Added by martin
                                        crypto1_create(pcs, emlGetKey(cardAUTHSC, cardAUTHKEY));
                                        authTimer = GetTickCount();
                                        cardAUTHSC = receivedCmd[1] / 4;  // received block num
                                        cardAUTHKEY = receivedCmd[0] - 0x60;
                                        crypto1_destroy(pcs);//Added by martin
                                        crypto1_create(pcs, emlGetKey(cardAUTHSC, cardAUTHKEY));

+                                       //uint64_t key=emlGetKey(cardAUTHSC, cardAUTHKEY);
+                                       //Dbprintf("key: %04x%08x",(uint32_t)(key>>32)&0xFFFF,(uint32_t)(key&0xFFFFFFFF));

 
                                        if (!encrypted_data) { // first authentication
                                                if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4) Dbprintf("Reader authenticating for block %d (0x%02x) with key %d",receivedCmd[1] ,receivedCmd[1],cardAUTHKEY  );
 
                                        if (!encrypted_data) { // first authentication
                                                if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4) Dbprintf("Reader authenticating for block %d (0x%02x) with key %d",receivedCmd[1] ,receivedCmd[1],cardAUTHKEY  );


@@ -2434,6 +2799,7 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *
                                                ans = nonce ^ crypto1_word(pcs, cuid ^ nonce, 0); 
                                                num_to_bytes(ans, 4, rAUTH_AT);
                                        }
                                                ans = nonce ^ crypto1_word(pcs, cuid ^ nonce, 0); 
                                                num_to_bytes(ans, 4, rAUTH_AT);
                                        }

+

                                        EmSendCmd(rAUTH_AT, sizeof(rAUTH_AT));
                                        //Dbprintf("Sending rAUTH %02x%02x%02x%02x", rAUTH_AT[0],rAUTH_AT[1],rAUTH_AT[2],rAUTH_AT[3]);
                                        cardSTATE = MFEMUL_AUTH1;
                                        EmSendCmd(rAUTH_AT, sizeof(rAUTH_AT));
                                        //Dbprintf("Sending rAUTH %02x%02x%02x%02x", rAUTH_AT[0],rAUTH_AT[1],rAUTH_AT[2],rAUTH_AT[3]);
                                        cardSTATE = MFEMUL_AUTH1;


@@ -2466,13 +2832,13 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *
                                                || receivedCmd[0] == 0xB0) { // transfer
                                        if (receivedCmd[1] >= 16 * 4) {
                                                EmSend4bit(mf_crypto1_encrypt4bit(pcs, CARD_NACK_NA));
                                                || receivedCmd[0] == 0xB0) { // transfer
                                        if (receivedCmd[1] >= 16 * 4) {
                                                EmSend4bit(mf_crypto1_encrypt4bit(pcs, CARD_NACK_NA));

-                                               if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 2) Dbprintf("Reader tried to operate (0x%02) on out of range block: %d (0x%02x), nacking",receivedCmd[0],receivedCmd[1],receivedCmd[1]);
+                                               if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 2) Dbprintf("Reader tried to operate (0x%02x) on out of range block: %d (0x%02x), nacking",receivedCmd[0],receivedCmd[1],receivedCmd[1]);

                                                break;
                                        }
 
                                        if (receivedCmd[1] / 4 != cardAUTHSC) {
                                                EmSend4bit(mf_crypto1_encrypt4bit(pcs, CARD_NACK_NA));
                                                break;
                                        }
 
                                        if (receivedCmd[1] / 4 != cardAUTHSC) {
                                                EmSend4bit(mf_crypto1_encrypt4bit(pcs, CARD_NACK_NA));

-                                               if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 2) Dbprintf("Reader tried to operate (0x%02) on block (0x%02x) not authenticated for (0x%02x), nacking",receivedCmd[0],receivedCmd[1],cardAUTHSC);
+                                               if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 2) Dbprintf("Reader tried to operate (0x%02x) on block (0x%02x) not authenticated for (0x%02x), nacking",receivedCmd[0],receivedCmd[1],cardAUTHSC);

                                                break;
                                        }
                                }
                                                break;
                                        }
                                }


@@ -2598,44 +2964,48 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *
                                break;
                        }
                }
                                break;
                        }
                }

+               button_pushed = BUTTON_PRESS();

        }
 
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
        LEDsoff();
 
        }
 
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
        LEDsoff();
 

-       if(flags & FLAG_INTERACTIVE)// Interactive mode flag, means we need to send ACK
-       {
-               //May just aswell send the collected ar_nr in the response aswell
-               cmd_send(CMD_ACK,CMD_SIMULATE_MIFARE_CARD,0,0,&ar_nr_responses,ar_nr_collected*4*4);
-       }
-
-       if(flags & FLAG_NR_AR_ATTACK)
-       {
-               if(ar_nr_collected > 1) {
-                       Dbprintf("Collected two pairs of AR/NR which can be used to extract keys from reader:");
-                       Dbprintf("../tools/mfkey/mfkey32 %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x",
-                                        ar_nr_responses[0], // UID
-                                       ar_nr_responses[1], //NT
-                                       ar_nr_responses[2], //AR1
-                                       ar_nr_responses[3], //NR1
-                                       ar_nr_responses[6], //AR2
-                                       ar_nr_responses[7] //NR2
-                                       );
-               } else {
-                       Dbprintf("Failed to obtain two AR/NR pairs!");
-                       if(ar_nr_collected >0) {
-                               Dbprintf("Only got these: UID=%08x, nonce=%08x, AR1=%08x, NR1=%08x",
-                                               ar_nr_responses[0], // UID
-                                               ar_nr_responses[1], //NT
-                                               ar_nr_responses[2], //AR1
-                                               ar_nr_responses[3] //NR1
+       if(flags & FLAG_NR_AR_ATTACK && MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1) {
+               for ( uint8_t   i = 0; i < ATTACK_KEY_COUNT; i++) {
+                       if (ar_nr_collected[i] == 2) {
+                               Dbprintf("Collected two pairs of AR/NR which can be used to extract %s from reader for sector %d:", (i<ATTACK_KEY_COUNT/2) ? "keyA" : "keyB", ar_nr_resp[i].sector);
+                               Dbprintf("../tools/mfkey/mfkey32 %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x",
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].cuid,  //UID
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].nonce, //NT
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].nr,    //NR1
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].ar,    //AR1
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].nr2,   //NR2
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].ar2    //AR2
+                                               );
+                       }
+               }       
+               for ( uint8_t   i = ATTACK_KEY_COUNT; i < ATTACK_KEY_COUNT*2; i++) {
+                       if (ar_nr_collected[i] == 2) {
+                               Dbprintf("Collected two pairs of AR/NR which can be used to extract %s from reader for sector %d:", (i<ATTACK_KEY_COUNT/2) ? "keyA" : "keyB", ar_nr_resp[i].sector);
+                               Dbprintf("../tools/mfkey/mfkey32v2 %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x",
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].cuid,  //UID
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].nonce, //NT
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].nr,    //NR1
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].ar,    //AR1
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].nonce2,//NT2
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].nr2,   //NR2
+                                               ar_nr_resp[i].ar2    //AR2

                                                );
                        }
                }
        }
                                                );
                        }
                }
        }

-       if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1)   Dbprintf("Emulator stopped. Tracing: %d  trace length: %d ",    tracing, traceLen);
-}
+       if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1)   Dbprintf("Emulator stopped. Tracing: %d  trace length: %d ",    tracing, BigBuf_get_traceLen());

 
 

+       if(flags & FLAG_INTERACTIVE) { // Interactive mode flag, means we need to send ACK
+               //Send the collected ar_nr in the response
+               cmd_send(CMD_ACK,CMD_SIMULATE_MIFARE_CARD,button_pushed,0,&ar_nr_resp,sizeof(ar_nr_resp));
+       }
+}

 
 
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------


@@ -2650,24 +3020,24 @@ void RAMFUNC SniffMifare(uint8_t param) {
        // C(red) A(yellow) B(green)
        LEDsoff();
        // init trace buffer
        // C(red) A(yellow) B(green)
        LEDsoff();
        // init trace buffer

-       iso14a_clear_trace();
-       iso14a_set_tracing(TRUE);
+       clear_trace();
+       set_tracing(TRUE);

 
        // The command (reader -> tag) that we're receiving.
        // The length of a received command will in most cases be no more than 18 bytes.
        // So 32 should be enough!
 
        // The command (reader -> tag) that we're receiving.
        // The length of a received command will in most cases be no more than 18 bytes.
        // So 32 should be enough!

-       uint8_t *receivedCmd = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + RECV_CMD_OFFSET);
-       uint8_t *receivedCmdPar = ((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + RECV_CMD_PAR_OFFSET;
+       uint8_t receivedCmd[MAX_MIFARE_FRAME_SIZE];
+       uint8_t receivedCmdPar[MAX_MIFARE_PARITY_SIZE];

        // The response (tag -> reader) that we're receiving.
        // The response (tag -> reader) that we're receiving.

-       uint8_t *receivedResponse = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + RECV_RESP_OFFSET);
-       uint8_t *receivedResponsePar = ((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + RECV_RESP_PAR_OFFSET;
+       uint8_t receivedResponse[MAX_MIFARE_FRAME_SIZE];
+       uint8_t receivedResponsePar[MAX_MIFARE_PARITY_SIZE];

 
 

-       // As we receive stuff, we copy it from receivedCmd or receivedResponse
-       // into trace, along with its length and other annotations.
-       //uint8_t *trace = (uint8_t *)BigBuf;
-       
-       // The DMA buffer, used to stream samples from the FPGA
-       uint8_t *dmaBuf = ((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + DMA_BUFFER_OFFSET;
+       iso14443a_setup(FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_SNIFFER);
+
+       // free eventually allocated BigBuf memory
+       BigBuf_free();
+       // allocate the DMA buffer, used to stream samples from the FPGA
+       uint8_t *dmaBuf = BigBuf_malloc(DMA_BUFFER_SIZE);

        uint8_t *data = dmaBuf;
        uint8_t previous_data = 0;
        int maxDataLen = 0;
        uint8_t *data = dmaBuf;
        uint8_t previous_data = 0;
        int maxDataLen = 0;


@@ -2675,8 +3045,6 @@ void RAMFUNC SniffMifare(uint8_t param) {
        bool ReaderIsActive = FALSE;
        bool TagIsActive = FALSE;
 
        bool ReaderIsActive = FALSE;
        bool TagIsActive = FALSE;
 

-       iso14443a_setup(FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_SNIFFER);
-

        // Set up the demodulator for tag -> reader responses.
        DemodInit(receivedResponse, receivedResponsePar);
 
        // Set up the demodulator for tag -> reader responses.
        DemodInit(receivedResponse, receivedResponsePar);
 


@@ -2726,7 +3094,7 @@ void RAMFUNC SniffMifare(uint8_t param) {
                // test for length of buffer
                if(dataLen > maxDataLen) {                                      // we are more behind than ever...
                        maxDataLen = dataLen;                                   
                // test for length of buffer
                if(dataLen > maxDataLen) {                                      // we are more behind than ever...
                        maxDataLen = dataLen;                                   

-                       if(dataLen > 400) {
+                       if(dataLen > (9 * DMA_BUFFER_SIZE / 10)) {

                                Dbprintf("blew circular buffer! dataLen=0x%x", dataLen);
                                break;
                        }
                                Dbprintf("blew circular buffer! dataLen=0x%x", dataLen);
                                break;
                        }


@@ -2756,7 +3124,7 @@ void RAMFUNC SniffMifare(uint8_t param) {
                                        if (MfSniffLogic(receivedCmd, Uart.len, Uart.parity, Uart.bitCount, TRUE)) break;
 
                                        /* And ready to receive another command. */
                                        if (MfSniffLogic(receivedCmd, Uart.len, Uart.parity, Uart.bitCount, TRUE)) break;
 
                                        /* And ready to receive another command. */

-                                       UartReset();
+                                       UartInit(receivedCmd, receivedCmdPar);

                                        
                                        /* And also reset the demod code */
                                        DemodReset();
                                        
                                        /* And also reset the demod code */
                                        DemodReset();


@@ -2773,6 +3141,8 @@ void RAMFUNC SniffMifare(uint8_t param) {
 
                                        // And ready to receive another response.
                                        DemodReset();
 
                                        // And ready to receive another response.
                                        DemodReset();

+                                       // And reset the Miller decoder including its (now outdated) input buffer
+                                       UartInit(receivedCmd, receivedCmdPar);

                                }
                                TagIsActive = (Demod.state != DEMOD_UNSYNCD);
                        }
                                }
                                TagIsActive = (Demod.state != DEMOD_UNSYNCD);
                        }