X-Git-Url: https://git.zerfleddert.de/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi/proxmark3-svn/blobdiff_plain/04202e7aa76dd9f0628d8245ae01fd224e5fbf17..e654346b7952ec0a024189c30b657195bf35f7e4:/armsrc/iso14443a.c diff --git a/armsrc/iso14443a.c b/armsrc/iso14443a.c index 780a7ca0..b3316ef0 100644 --- a/armsrc/iso14443a.c +++ b/armsrc/iso14443a.c @@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ #include "apps.h" #include "util.h" #include "string.h" +#include "cmd.h" #include "iso14443crc.h" #include "iso14443a.h" @@ -64,16 +65,16 @@ const uint8_t OddByteParity[256] = { }; -void iso14a_set_trigger(int enable) { +void iso14a_set_trigger(bool enable) { trigger = enable; } -void iso14a_clear_trace(void) { - memset(trace, 0x44, TRACE_SIZE); +void iso14a_clear_trace() { + memset(trace, 0x44, TRACE_SIZE); traceLen = 0; } -void iso14a_set_tracing(int enable) { +void iso14a_set_tracing(bool enable) { tracing = enable; } @@ -87,25 +88,25 @@ void iso14a_set_timeout(uint32_t timeout) { //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- byte_t oddparity (const byte_t bt) { - return OddByteParity[bt]; + return OddByteParity[bt]; } uint32_t GetParity(const uint8_t * pbtCmd, int iLen) { - int i; - uint32_t dwPar = 0; + int i; + uint32_t dwPar = 0; - // Generate the encrypted data - for (i = 0; i < iLen; i++) { - // Save the encrypted parity bit - dwPar |= ((OddByteParity[pbtCmd[i]]) << i); - } - return dwPar; + // Generate the encrypted data + for (i = 0; i < iLen; i++) { + // Save the encrypted parity bit + dwPar |= ((OddByteParity[pbtCmd[i]]) << i); + } + return dwPar; } void AppendCrc14443a(uint8_t* data, int len) { - ComputeCrc14443(CRC_14443_A,data,len,data+len,data+len+1); + ComputeCrc14443(CRC_14443_A,data,len,data+len,data+len+1); } // The function LogTrace() is also used by the iClass implementation in iClass.c @@ -583,7 +584,7 @@ void RAMFUNC SnoopIso14443a(uint8_t param) { LEDsoff(); // init trace buffer - iso14a_clear_trace(); + iso14a_clear_trace(); // We won't start recording the frames that we acquire until we trigger; // a good trigger condition to get started is probably when we see a @@ -774,54 +775,54 @@ static void CodeIso14443aAsTag(const uint8_t *cmd, int len){ CodeIso14443aAsTagPar(cmd, len, GetParity(cmd, len)); } -//----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -// This is to send a NACK kind of answer, its only 3 bits, I know it should be 4 -//----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -static void CodeStrangeAnswerAsTag() -{ - int i; - - ToSendReset(); - - // Correction bit, might be removed when not needed - ToSendStuffBit(0); - ToSendStuffBit(0); - ToSendStuffBit(0); - ToSendStuffBit(0); - ToSendStuffBit(1); // 1 - ToSendStuffBit(0); - ToSendStuffBit(0); - ToSendStuffBit(0); - - // Send startbit - ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_D; - - // 0 - ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_E; - - // 0 - ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_E; - - // 1 - ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_D; - - // Send stopbit - ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_F; - - // Flush the buffer in FPGA!! - for(i = 0; i < 5; i++) { - ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_F; - } - - // Convert from last byte pos to length - ToSendMax++; -} +////----------------------------------------------------------------------------- +//// This is to send a NACK kind of answer, its only 3 bits, I know it should be 4 +////----------------------------------------------------------------------------- +//static void CodeStrangeAnswerAsTag() +//{ +// int i; +// +// ToSendReset(); +// +// // Correction bit, might be removed when not needed +// ToSendStuffBit(0); +// ToSendStuffBit(0); +// ToSendStuffBit(0); +// ToSendStuffBit(0); +// ToSendStuffBit(1); // 1 +// ToSendStuffBit(0); +// ToSendStuffBit(0); +// ToSendStuffBit(0); +// +// // Send startbit +// ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_D; +// +// // 0 +// ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_E; +// +// // 0 +// ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_E; +// +// // 1 +// ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_D; +// +// // Send stopbit +// ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_F; +// +// // Flush the buffer in FPGA!! +// for(i = 0; i < 5; i++) { +// ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_F; +// } +// +// // Convert from last byte pos to length +// ToSendMax++; +//} static void Code4bitAnswerAsTag(uint8_t cmd) { int i; - ToSendReset(); + ToSendReset(); // Correction bit, might be removed when not needed ToSendStuffBit(0); @@ -854,8 +855,8 @@ static void Code4bitAnswerAsTag(uint8_t cmd) ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_F; } - // Convert from last byte pos to length - ToSendMax++; + // Convert from last byte pos to length + ToSendMax++; } //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -897,17 +898,86 @@ static int GetIso14443aCommandFromReader(uint8_t *received, int *len, int maxLen } } } + static int EmSendCmd14443aRaw(uint8_t *resp, int respLen, int correctionNeeded); +int EmSend4bitEx(uint8_t resp, int correctionNeeded); +int EmSend4bit(uint8_t resp); +int EmSendCmdExPar(uint8_t *resp, int respLen, int correctionNeeded, uint32_t par); +int EmSendCmdExPar(uint8_t *resp, int respLen, int correctionNeeded, uint32_t par); +int EmSendCmdEx(uint8_t *resp, int respLen, int correctionNeeded); +int EmSendCmd(uint8_t *resp, int respLen); +int EmSendCmdPar(uint8_t *resp, int respLen, uint32_t par); + +static uint8_t* free_buffer_pointer = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + FREE_BUFFER_OFFSET); + +typedef struct { + uint8_t* response; + size_t response_n; + uint8_t* modulation; + size_t modulation_n; +} tag_response_info_t; + +void reset_free_buffer() { + free_buffer_pointer = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + FREE_BUFFER_OFFSET); +} + +bool prepare_tag_modulation(tag_response_info_t* response_info, size_t max_buffer_size) { + // Exmaple response, answer to MIFARE Classic read block will be 16 bytes + 2 CRC = 18 bytes + // This will need the following byte array for a modulation sequence + // 144 data bits (18 * 8) + // 18 parity bits + // 2 Start and stop + // 1 Correction bit (Answer in 1172 or 1236 periods, see FPGA) + // 1 just for the case + // ----------- + + // 166 bytes, since every bit that needs to be send costs us a byte + // + + // Prepare the tag modulation bits from the message + CodeIso14443aAsTag(response_info->response,response_info->response_n); + + // Make sure we do not exceed the free buffer space + if (ToSendMax > max_buffer_size) { + Dbprintf("Out of memory, when modulating bits for tag answer:"); + Dbhexdump(response_info->response_n,response_info->response,false); + return false; + } + + // Copy the byte array, used for this modulation to the buffer position + memcpy(response_info->modulation,ToSend,ToSendMax); + + // Store the number of bytes that were used for encoding/modulation + response_info->modulation_n = ToSendMax; + + return true; +} + +bool prepare_allocated_tag_modulation(tag_response_info_t* response_info) { + // Retrieve and store the current buffer index + response_info->modulation = free_buffer_pointer; + + // Determine the maximum size we can use from our buffer + size_t max_buffer_size = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf)+FREE_BUFFER_OFFSET+FREE_BUFFER_SIZE)-free_buffer_pointer; + + // Forward the prepare tag modulation function to the inner function + if (prepare_tag_modulation(response_info,max_buffer_size)) { + // Update the free buffer offset + free_buffer_pointer += ToSendMax; + return true; + } else { + return false; + } +} //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Main loop of simulated tag: receive commands from reader, decide what // response to send, and send it. //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -void SimulateIso14443aTag(int tagType, int uid_1st, int uid_2nd) +void SimulateIso14443aTag(int tagType, int uid_1st, int uid_2nd, byte_t* data) { - // Enable and clear the trace + // Enable and clear the trace tracing = TRUE; - iso14a_clear_trace(); + iso14a_clear_trace(); // This function contains the tag emulation uint8_t sak; @@ -981,57 +1051,41 @@ void SimulateIso14443aTag(int tagType, int uid_1st, int uid_2nd) ComputeCrc14443(CRC_14443_A, response3a, 1, &response3a[1], &response3a[2]); uint8_t response5[] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }; // Very random tag nonce - uint8_t response6[] = { 0x03, 0x3B, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }; // dummy ATS (pseudo-ATR), answer to RATS - ComputeCrc14443(CRC_14443_A, response6, 3, &response6[3], &response6[4]); - - uint8_t *resp; - int respLen; - - // Longest possible response will be 16 bytes + 2 CRC = 18 bytes - // This will need - // 144 data bits (18 * 8) - // 18 parity bits - // 2 Start and stop - // 1 Correction bit (Answer in 1172 or 1236 periods, see FPGA) - // 1 just for the case - // ----------- + - // 166 - // - // 166 bytes, since every bit that needs to be send costs us a byte - // - - // Respond with card type - uint8_t *resp1 = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + FREE_BUFFER_OFFSET); - int resp1Len; - - // Anticollision cascade1 - respond with uid - uint8_t *resp2 = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + FREE_BUFFER_OFFSET + 166); - int resp2Len; - - // Anticollision cascade2 - respond with 2nd half of uid if asked - // we're only going to be asked if we set the 1st byte of the UID (during cascade1) to 0x88 - uint8_t *resp2a = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + 1140); - int resp2aLen; - - // Acknowledge select - cascade 1 - uint8_t *resp3 = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + FREE_BUFFER_OFFSET + (166*2)); - int resp3Len; - - // Acknowledge select - cascade 2 - uint8_t *resp3a = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + FREE_BUFFER_OFFSET + (166*3)); - int resp3aLen; - - // Response to a read request - not implemented atm - uint8_t *resp4 = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + FREE_BUFFER_OFFSET + (166*4)); - int resp4Len; - - // Authenticate response - nonce - uint8_t *resp5 = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + FREE_BUFFER_OFFSET + (166*5)); - int resp5Len; - - // Authenticate response - nonce - uint8_t *resp6 = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + FREE_BUFFER_OFFSET + (166*6)); - int resp6Len; + uint8_t response6[] = { 0x04, 0x58, 0x00, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00 }; // dummy ATS (pseudo-ATR), answer to RATS + ComputeCrc14443(CRC_14443_A, response6, 4, &response6[4], &response6[5]); + + #define TAG_RESPONSE_COUNT 7 + tag_response_info_t responses[TAG_RESPONSE_COUNT] = { + { .response = response1, .response_n = sizeof(response1) }, // Answer to request - respond with card type + { .response = response2, .response_n = sizeof(response2) }, // Anticollision cascade1 - respond with uid + { .response = response2a, .response_n = sizeof(response2a) }, // Anticollision cascade2 - respond with 2nd half of uid if asked + { .response = response3, .response_n = sizeof(response3) }, // Acknowledge select - cascade 1 + { .response = response3a, .response_n = sizeof(response3a) }, // Acknowledge select - cascade 2 + { .response = response5, .response_n = sizeof(response5) }, // Authentication answer (random nonce) + { .response = response6, .response_n = sizeof(response6) }, // dummy ATS (pseudo-ATR), answer to RATS + }; + + // Allocate 512 bytes for the dynamic modulation, created when the reader querries for it + // Such a response is less time critical, so we can prepare them on the fly + #define DYNAMIC_RESPONSE_BUFFER_SIZE 64 + #define DYNAMIC_MODULATION_BUFFER_SIZE 512 + uint8_t dynamic_response_buffer[DYNAMIC_RESPONSE_BUFFER_SIZE]; + uint8_t dynamic_modulation_buffer[DYNAMIC_MODULATION_BUFFER_SIZE]; + tag_response_info_t dynamic_response_info = { + .response = dynamic_response_buffer, + .response_n = 0, + .modulation = dynamic_modulation_buffer, + .modulation_n = 0 + }; + + // Reset the offset pointer of the free buffer + reset_free_buffer(); + + // Prepare the responses of the anticollision phase + // there will be not enough time to do this at the moment the reader sends it REQA + for (size_t i=0; i 0) { + // Copy the CID from the reader query + dynamic_response_info.response[1] = receivedCmd[1]; + + // Add CRC bytes, always used in ISO 14443A-4 compliant cards + AppendCrc14443a(dynamic_response_info.response,dynamic_response_info.response_n); + dynamic_response_info.response_n += 2; + + if (prepare_tag_modulation(&dynamic_response_info,DYNAMIC_MODULATION_BUFFER_SIZE) == false) { + Dbprintf("Error preparing tag response"); + break; + } + p_response = &dynamic_response_info; + } } // Count number of wakeups received after a halt @@ -1173,138 +1229,97 @@ void SimulateIso14443aTag(int tagType, int uid_1st, int uid_2nd) if(cmdsRecvd > 999) { DbpString("1000 commands later..."); break; - } else { - cmdsRecvd++; } - - if(respLen > 0) { - EmSendCmd14443aRaw(resp, respLen, receivedCmd[0] == 0x52); - } - - if (tracing) { - LogTrace(receivedCmd,len, 0, Uart.parityBits, TRUE); - if (respdata != NULL) { - LogTrace(respdata,respsize, 0, SwapBits(GetParity(respdata,respsize),respsize), FALSE); - } - if(traceLen > TRACE_SIZE) { - DbpString("Trace full"); - break; - } - } - - memset(receivedCmd, 0x44, RECV_CMD_SIZE); + cmdsRecvd++; + + if (p_response != NULL) { + EmSendCmd14443aRaw(p_response->modulation, p_response->modulation_n, receivedCmd[0] == 0x52); + if (tracing) { + LogTrace(p_response->response,p_response->response_n,0,SwapBits(GetParity(p_response->response,p_response->response_n),p_response->response_n),FALSE); + if(traceLen > TRACE_SIZE) { + DbpString("Trace full"); +// break; + } + } + } } Dbprintf("%x %x %x", happened, happened2, cmdsRecvd); LED_A_OFF(); } -//----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -// Transmit the command (to the tag) that was placed in ToSend[]. -//----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -static void TransmitFor14443a(const uint8_t *cmd, int len, int *samples, int *wait) -{ - int c; - - FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A | FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_READER_MOD); - - if (wait) - if(*wait < 10) - *wait = 10; - for(c = 0; c < *wait;) { - if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY)) { - AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = 0x00; // For exact timing! - c++; - } - if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_RXRDY)) { - volatile uint32_t r = AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR; - (void)r; - } - WDT_HIT(); - } - - c = 0; - for(;;) { - if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY)) { - AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = cmd[c]; - c++; - if(c >= len) { - break; - } - } - if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_RXRDY)) { - volatile uint32_t r = AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR; - (void)r; - } - WDT_HIT(); - } - if (samples) *samples = (c + *wait) << 3; +// prepare a delayed transfer. This simply shifts ToSend[] by a number +// of bits specified in the delay parameter. +void PrepareDelayedTransfer(uint16_t delay) +{ + uint8_t bitmask = 0; + uint8_t bits_to_shift = 0; + uint8_t bits_shifted = 0; + + delay &= 0x07; + if (delay) { + for (uint16_t i = 0; i < delay; i++) { + bitmask |= (0x01 << i); + } + ToSend[++ToSendMax] = 0x00; + for (uint16_t i = 0; i < ToSendMax; i++) { + bits_to_shift = ToSend[i] & bitmask; + ToSend[i] = ToSend[i] >> delay; + ToSend[i] = ToSend[i] | (bits_shifted << (8 - delay)); + bits_shifted = bits_to_shift; + } + } } //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -// Code a 7-bit command without parity bit -// This is especially for 0x26 and 0x52 (REQA and WUPA) +// Transmit the command (to the tag) that was placed in ToSend[]. +// Parameter timing: +// if NULL: ignored +// if == 0: return time of transfer +// if != 0: delay transfer until time specified //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -void ShortFrameFromReader(const uint8_t bt) +static void TransmitFor14443a(const uint8_t *cmd, int len, uint32_t *timing) { - int j; - int last; - uint8_t b; + int c; - ToSendReset(); + FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A | FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_READER_MOD); - // Start of Communication (Seq. Z) - ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_Z; - last = 0; - b = bt; - for(j = 0; j < 7; j++) { - if(b & 1) { - // Sequence X - ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_X; - last = 1; + if (timing) { + if(*timing == 0) { // Measure time + *timing = (GetCountMifare() + 8) & 0xfffffff8; } else { - if(last == 0) { - // Sequence Z - ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_Z; - } - else { - // Sequence Y - ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_Y; - last = 0; - } + PrepareDelayedTransfer(*timing & 0x00000007); // Delay transfer (fine tuning - up to 7 MF clock ticks) } - b >>= 1; + if(MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4 && GetCountMifare() >= (*timing & 0xfffffff8)) Dbprintf("TransmitFor14443a: Missed timing"); + while(GetCountMifare() < (*timing & 0xfffffff8)); // Delay transfer (multiple of 8 MF clock ticks) } - // End of Communication - if(last == 0) { - // Sequence Z - ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_Z; + for(c = 0; c < 10;) { // standard delay for each transfer (allow tag to be ready after last transmission) + if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY)) { + AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = 0x00; + c++; + } } - else { - // Sequence Y - ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_Y; - last = 0; + + c = 0; + for(;;) { + if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY)) { + AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = cmd[c]; + c++; + if(c >= len) { + break; + } + } } - // Sequence Y - ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_Y; - - // Just to be sure! - ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_Y; - ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_Y; - ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_Y; - // Convert from last character reference to length - ToSendMax++; } //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -// Prepare reader command to send to FPGA -// +// Prepare reader command (in bits, support short frames) to send to FPGA //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -void CodeIso14443aAsReaderPar(const uint8_t * cmd, int len, uint32_t dwParity) +void CodeIso14443aBitsAsReaderPar(const uint8_t * cmd, int bits, uint32_t dwParity) { int i, j; int last; @@ -1316,12 +1331,14 @@ void CodeIso14443aAsReaderPar(const uint8_t * cmd, int len, uint32_t dwParity) ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_Z; last = 0; + size_t bytecount = nbytes(bits); // Generate send structure for the data bits - for (i = 0; i < len; i++) { + for (i = 0; i < bytecount; i++) { // Get the current byte to send b = cmd[i]; + size_t bitsleft = MIN((bits-(i*8)),8); - for (j = 0; j < 8; j++) { + for (j = 0; j < bitsleft; j++) { if (b & 1) { // Sequence X ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_X; @@ -1339,19 +1356,22 @@ void CodeIso14443aAsReaderPar(const uint8_t * cmd, int len, uint32_t dwParity) b >>= 1; } - // Get the parity bit - if ((dwParity >> i) & 0x01) { - // Sequence X - ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_X; - last = 1; - } else { - if (last == 0) { - // Sequence Z - ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_Z; + // Only transmit (last) parity bit if we transmitted a complete byte + if (j == 8) { + // Get the parity bit + if ((dwParity >> i) & 0x01) { + // Sequence X + ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_X; + last = 1; } else { - // Sequence Y - ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_Y; - last = 0; + if (last == 0) { + // Sequence Z + ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_Z; + } else { + // Sequence Y + ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_Y; + last = 0; + } } } } @@ -1377,6 +1397,14 @@ void CodeIso14443aAsReaderPar(const uint8_t * cmd, int len, uint32_t dwParity) ToSendMax++; } +//----------------------------------------------------------------------------- +// Prepare reader command to send to FPGA +//----------------------------------------------------------------------------- +void CodeIso14443aAsReaderPar(const uint8_t * cmd, int len, uint32_t dwParity) +{ + CodeIso14443aBitsAsReaderPar(cmd,len*8,dwParity); +} + //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Wait for commands from reader // Stop when button is pressed (return 1) or field was gone (return 2) @@ -1542,7 +1570,7 @@ static int GetIso14443aAnswerFromTag(uint8_t *receivedResponse, int maxLen, int // Signal field is on with the appropriate LED LED_D_ON(); FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A | FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_READER_LISTEN); - + // Now get the answer from the card Demod.output = receivedResponse; Demod.len = 0; @@ -1555,10 +1583,10 @@ static int GetIso14443aAnswerFromTag(uint8_t *receivedResponse, int maxLen, int for(;;) { WDT_HIT(); - if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY)) { - AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = 0x00; // To make use of exact timing of next command from reader!! - if (elapsed) (*elapsed)++; - } + // if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY)) { + // AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = 0x00; // To make use of exact timing of next command from reader!! + // if (elapsed) (*elapsed)++; + // } if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_RXRDY)) { if(c < iso14a_timeout) { c++; } else { return FALSE; } b = (uint8_t)AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR; @@ -1574,43 +1602,29 @@ static int GetIso14443aAnswerFromTag(uint8_t *receivedResponse, int maxLen, int } } -void ReaderTransmitShort(const uint8_t* bt) +void ReaderTransmitBitsPar(uint8_t* frame, int bits, uint32_t par, uint32_t *timing) { - int wait = 0; - int samples = 0; - - ShortFrameFromReader(*bt); - - // Select the card - TransmitFor14443a(ToSend, ToSendMax, &samples, &wait); - - // Store reader command in buffer - if (tracing) LogTrace(bt,1,0,GetParity(bt,1),TRUE); -} - -void ReaderTransmitPar(uint8_t* frame, int len, uint32_t par) -{ - int wait = 0; - int samples = 0; - - // This is tied to other size changes - // uint8_t* frame_addr = ((uint8_t*)BigBuf) + 2024; - CodeIso14443aAsReaderPar(frame,len,par); - + + CodeIso14443aBitsAsReaderPar(frame,bits,par); + // Select the card - TransmitFor14443a(ToSend, ToSendMax, &samples, &wait); + TransmitFor14443a(ToSend, ToSendMax, timing); if(trigger) LED_A_ON(); - + // Store reader command in buffer - if (tracing) LogTrace(frame,len,0,par,TRUE); + if (tracing) LogTrace(frame,nbytes(bits),0,par,TRUE); } +void ReaderTransmitPar(uint8_t* frame, int len, uint32_t par, uint32_t *timing) +{ + ReaderTransmitBitsPar(frame,len*8,par, timing); +} -void ReaderTransmit(uint8_t* frame, int len) +void ReaderTransmit(uint8_t* frame, int len, uint32_t *timing) { // Generate parity and redirect - ReaderTransmitPar(frame,len,GetParity(frame,len)); + ReaderTransmitBitsPar(frame,len*8,GetParity(frame,len), timing); } int ReaderReceive(uint8_t* receivedAnswer) @@ -1635,93 +1649,117 @@ int ReaderReceivePar(uint8_t* receivedAnswer, uint32_t * parptr) /* performs iso14443a anticolision procedure * fills the uid pointer unless NULL * fills resp_data unless NULL */ -int iso14443a_select_card(uint8_t * uid_ptr, iso14a_card_select_t * resp_data, uint32_t * cuid_ptr) { - uint8_t wupa[] = { 0x52 }; // 0x26 - REQA 0x52 - WAKE-UP - uint8_t sel_all[] = { 0x93,0x20 }; - uint8_t sel_uid[] = { 0x93,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00 }; - uint8_t rats[] = { 0xE0,0x80,0x00,0x00 }; // FSD=256, FSDI=8, CID=0 +int iso14443a_select_card(byte_t* uid_ptr, iso14a_card_select_t* p_hi14a_card, uint32_t* cuid_ptr) { + uint8_t wupa[] = { 0x52 }; // 0x26 - REQA 0x52 - WAKE-UP + uint8_t sel_all[] = { 0x93,0x20 }; + uint8_t sel_uid[] = { 0x93,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00 }; + uint8_t rats[] = { 0xE0,0x80,0x00,0x00 }; // FSD=256, FSDI=8, CID=0 + uint8_t* resp = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + FREE_BUFFER_OFFSET); // was 3560 - tied to other size changes + byte_t uid_resp[4]; + size_t uid_resp_len; + + uint8_t sak = 0x04; // cascade uid + int cascade_level = 0; + int len; + + // Broadcast for a card, WUPA (0x52) will force response from all cards in the field + ReaderTransmitBitsPar(wupa,7,0, NULL); + // Receive the ATQA + if(!ReaderReceive(resp)) return 0; +// Dbprintf("atqa: %02x %02x",resp[0],resp[1]); + + if(p_hi14a_card) { + memcpy(p_hi14a_card->atqa, resp, 2); + p_hi14a_card->uidlen = 0; + memset(p_hi14a_card->uid,0,10); + } - uint8_t* resp = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + 3560); // was 3560 - tied to other size changes + // clear uid + if (uid_ptr) { + memset(uid_ptr,0,10); + } - uint8_t sak = 0x04; // cascade uid - int cascade_level = 0; + // OK we will select at least at cascade 1, lets see if first byte of UID was 0x88 in + // which case we need to make a cascade 2 request and select - this is a long UID + // While the UID is not complete, the 3nd bit (from the right) is set in the SAK. + for(; sak & 0x04; cascade_level++) { + // SELECT_* (L1: 0x93, L2: 0x95, L3: 0x97) + sel_uid[0] = sel_all[0] = 0x93 + cascade_level * 2; + + // SELECT_ALL + ReaderTransmit(sel_all,sizeof(sel_all), NULL); + if (!ReaderReceive(resp)) return 0; + + // First backup the current uid + memcpy(uid_resp,resp,4); + uid_resp_len = 4; + // Dbprintf("uid: %02x %02x %02x %02x",uid_resp[0],uid_resp[1],uid_resp[2],uid_resp[3]); + + // calculate crypto UID. Always use last 4 Bytes. + if(cuid_ptr) { + *cuid_ptr = bytes_to_num(uid_resp, 4); + } - int len; - - // clear uid - memset(uid_ptr, 0, 8); + // Construct SELECT UID command + memcpy(sel_uid+2,resp,5); + AppendCrc14443a(sel_uid,7); + ReaderTransmit(sel_uid,sizeof(sel_uid), NULL); + + // Receive the SAK + if (!ReaderReceive(resp)) return 0; + sak = resp[0]; + + // Test if more parts of the uid are comming + if ((sak & 0x04) && uid_resp[0] == 0x88) { + // Remove first byte, 0x88 is not an UID byte, it CT, see page 3 of: + // http://www.nxp.com/documents/application_note/AN10927.pdf + memcpy(uid_resp, uid_resp + 1, 3); + uid_resp_len = 3; + } - // Broadcast for a card, WUPA (0x52) will force response from all cards in the field - ReaderTransmitShort(wupa); - // Receive the ATQA - if(!ReaderReceive(resp)) return 0; + if(uid_ptr) { + memcpy(uid_ptr + (cascade_level*3), uid_resp, uid_resp_len); + } - if(resp_data) - memcpy(resp_data->atqa, resp, 2); - - // OK we will select at least at cascade 1, lets see if first byte of UID was 0x88 in - // which case we need to make a cascade 2 request and select - this is a long UID - // While the UID is not complete, the 3nd bit (from the right) is set in the SAK. - for(; sak & 0x04; cascade_level++) - { - // SELECT_* (L1: 0x93, L2: 0x95, L3: 0x97) - sel_uid[0] = sel_all[0] = 0x93 + cascade_level * 2; + if(p_hi14a_card) { + memcpy(p_hi14a_card->uid + (cascade_level*3), uid_resp, uid_resp_len); + p_hi14a_card->uidlen += uid_resp_len; + } + } - // SELECT_ALL - ReaderTransmit(sel_all,sizeof(sel_all)); - if (!ReaderReceive(resp)) return 0; - if(uid_ptr) memcpy(uid_ptr + cascade_level*4, resp, 4); - - // calculate crypto UID - if(cuid_ptr) *cuid_ptr = bytes_to_num(resp, 4); + if(p_hi14a_card) { + p_hi14a_card->sak = sak; + p_hi14a_card->ats_len = 0; + } - // Construct SELECT UID command - memcpy(sel_uid+2,resp,5); - AppendCrc14443a(sel_uid,7); - ReaderTransmit(sel_uid,sizeof(sel_uid)); + if( (sak & 0x20) == 0) { + return 2; // non iso14443a compliant tag + } - // Receive the SAK - if (!ReaderReceive(resp)) return 0; - sak = resp[0]; - } - if(resp_data) { - resp_data->sak = sak; - resp_data->ats_len = 0; - } - //-- this byte not UID, it CT. http://www.nxp.com/documents/application_note/AN10927.pdf page 3 - if (uid_ptr[0] == 0x88) { - memcpy(uid_ptr, uid_ptr + 1, 7); - uid_ptr[7] = 0; - } + // Request for answer to select + AppendCrc14443a(rats, 2); + ReaderTransmit(rats, sizeof(rats), NULL); - if( (sak & 0x20) == 0) - return 2; // non iso14443a compliant tag + if (!(len = ReaderReceive(resp))) return 0; - // Request for answer to select - if(resp_data) { // JCOP cards - if reader sent RATS then there is no MIFARE session at all!!! - AppendCrc14443a(rats, 2); - ReaderTransmit(rats, sizeof(rats)); - - if (!(len = ReaderReceive(resp))) return 0; - - memcpy(resp_data->ats, resp, sizeof(resp_data->ats)); - resp_data->ats_len = len; - } - - // reset the PCB block number - iso14_pcb_blocknum = 0; - - return 1; + if(p_hi14a_card) { + memcpy(p_hi14a_card->ats, resp, sizeof(p_hi14a_card->ats)); + p_hi14a_card->ats_len = len; + } + + // reset the PCB block number + iso14_pcb_blocknum = 0; + return 1; } void iso14443a_setup() { - // Setup SSC + // Set up the synchronous serial port FpgaSetupSsc(); // Start from off (no field generated) // Signal field is off with the appropriate LED - LED_D_OFF(); - FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); - SpinDelay(200); +// LED_D_OFF(); +// FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); + // SpinDelay(50); SetAdcMuxFor(GPIO_MUXSEL_HIPKD); @@ -1729,7 +1767,7 @@ void iso14443a_setup() { // Signal field is on with the appropriate LED LED_D_ON(); FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A | FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_READER_MOD); - SpinDelay(200); + SpinDelay(7); // iso14443-3 specifies 5ms max. iso14a_timeout = 2048; //default } @@ -1743,7 +1781,7 @@ int iso14_apdu(uint8_t * cmd, size_t cmd_len, void * data) { memcpy(real_cmd+2, cmd, cmd_len); AppendCrc14443a(real_cmd,cmd_len+2); - ReaderTransmit(real_cmd, cmd_len+4); + ReaderTransmit(real_cmd, cmd_len+4, NULL); size_t len = ReaderReceive(data); uint8_t * data_bytes = (uint8_t *) data; if (!len) @@ -1765,19 +1803,31 @@ int iso14_apdu(uint8_t * cmd, size_t cmd_len, void * data) { // Read an ISO 14443a tag. Send out commands and store answers. // //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -void ReaderIso14443a(UsbCommand * c, UsbCommand * ack) +void ReaderIso14443a(UsbCommand * c) { iso14a_command_t param = c->arg[0]; uint8_t * cmd = c->d.asBytes; size_t len = c->arg[1]; - uint8_t *receiveBuf = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + FREE_BUFFER_OFFSET); + size_t lenbits = c->arg[2]; + uint32_t arg0 = 0; + byte_t buf[USB_CMD_DATA_SIZE]; + + if(param & ISO14A_CONNECT) { + iso14a_clear_trace(); + } + iso14a_set_tracing(true); - if(param & ISO14A_REQUEST_TRIGGER) iso14a_set_trigger(1); + if(param & ISO14A_REQUEST_TRIGGER) { + iso14a_set_trigger(1); + } if(param & ISO14A_CONNECT) { iso14443a_setup(); - ack->arg[0] = iso14443a_select_card(ack->d.asBytes, (iso14a_card_select_t *) (ack->d.asBytes+12), NULL); - UsbSendPacket((void *)ack, sizeof(UsbCommand)); + if(!(param & ISO14A_NO_SELECT)) { + iso14a_card_select_t *card = (iso14a_card_select_t*)buf; + arg0 = iso14443a_select_card(NULL,card,NULL); + cmd_send(CMD_ACK,arg0,card->uidlen,0,buf,sizeof(iso14a_card_select_t)); + } } if(param & ISO14A_SET_TIMEOUT) { @@ -1789,20 +1839,8 @@ void ReaderIso14443a(UsbCommand * c, UsbCommand * ack) } if(param & ISO14A_APDU) { - memcpy(receiveBuf, ack->d.asBytes, len); - ack->arg[0] = iso14_apdu(cmd, len, receiveBuf); - - while(ack->arg[0] > sizeof(ack->d)) - { - memcpy(ack->d.asBytes, receiveBuf, sizeof(ack->d)); - UsbSendPacket((void *)ack, sizeof(UsbCommand)); - - receiveBuf+=sizeof(ack->d); - ack->arg[0]-=sizeof(ack->d); - } - - memcpy(ack->d.asBytes, receiveBuf, ack->arg[0]); - UsbSendPacket((void *)ack, sizeof(UsbCommand)); + arg0 = iso14_apdu(cmd, len, buf); + cmd_send(CMD_ACK,arg0,0,0,buf,sizeof(buf)); } if(param & ISO14A_RAW) { @@ -1810,101 +1848,212 @@ void ReaderIso14443a(UsbCommand * c, UsbCommand * ack) AppendCrc14443a(cmd,len); len += 2; } - ReaderTransmit(cmd,len); - ack->arg[0] = ReaderReceive(ack->d.asBytes); - UsbSendPacket((void *)ack, sizeof(UsbCommand)); + if(lenbits>0) { + ReaderTransmitBitsPar(cmd,lenbits,GetParity(cmd,lenbits/8), NULL); + } else { + ReaderTransmit(cmd,len, NULL); + } + arg0 = ReaderReceive(buf); + cmd_send(CMD_ACK,arg0,0,0,buf,sizeof(buf)); } - if(param & ISO14A_REQUEST_TRIGGER) iso14a_set_trigger(0); + if(param & ISO14A_REQUEST_TRIGGER) { + iso14a_set_trigger(0); + } - if(param & ISO14A_NO_DISCONNECT) + if(param & ISO14A_NO_DISCONNECT) { return; + } FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); LEDsoff(); } + +// Determine the distance between two nonces. +// Assume that the difference is small, but we don't know which is first. +// Therefore try in alternating directions. +int32_t dist_nt(uint32_t nt1, uint32_t nt2) { + + uint16_t i; + uint32_t nttmp1, nttmp2; + + if (nt1 == nt2) return 0; + + nttmp1 = nt1; + nttmp2 = nt2; + + for (i = 1; i < 32768; i++) { + nttmp1 = prng_successor(nttmp1, 1); + if (nttmp1 == nt2) return i; + nttmp2 = prng_successor(nttmp2, 1); + if (nttmp2 == nt1) return -i; + } + + return(-99999); // either nt1 or nt2 are invalid nonces +} + + //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -// Read an ISO 14443a tag. Send out commands and store answers. -// +// Recover several bits of the cypher stream. This implements (first stages of) +// the algorithm described in "The Dark Side of Security by Obscurity and +// Cloning MiFare Classic Rail and Building Passes, Anywhere, Anytime" +// (article by Nicolas T. Courtois, 2009) //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -void ReaderMifare(uint32_t parameter) +void ReaderMifare(bool first_try) { // Mifare AUTH uint8_t mf_auth[] = { 0x60,0x00,0xf5,0x7b }; uint8_t mf_nr_ar[] = { 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00 }; + static uint8_t mf_nr_ar3; - uint8_t* receivedAnswer = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + 3560); // was 3560 - tied to other size changes + uint8_t* receivedAnswer = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + FREE_BUFFER_OFFSET); traceLen = 0; tracing = false; - iso14443a_setup(); - - LED_A_ON(); - LED_B_OFF(); - LED_C_OFF(); - byte_t nt_diff = 0; - LED_A_OFF(); byte_t par = 0; //byte_t par_mask = 0xff; - byte_t par_low = 0; - int led_on = TRUE; - uint8_t uid[8]; + static byte_t par_low = 0; + bool led_on = TRUE; + uint8_t uid[10]; uint32_t cuid; - tracing = FALSE; - byte_t nt[4] = {0,0,0,0}; - byte_t nt_attacked[4], nt_noattack[4]; + uint32_t nt, previous_nt; + static uint32_t nt_attacked = 0; byte_t par_list[8] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}; byte_t ks_list[8] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}; - num_to_bytes(parameter, 4, nt_noattack); - int isOK = 0, isNULL = 0; - while(TRUE) - { - LED_C_OFF(); - FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); - SpinDelay(50); - FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A | FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_READER_MOD); - LED_C_ON(); - SpinDelay(2); + static uint32_t sync_time; + static uint32_t sync_cycles; + int catch_up_cycles = 0; + int last_catch_up = 0; + uint16_t consecutive_resyncs = 0; + int isOK = 0; + + + + if (first_try) { + StartCountMifare(); + mf_nr_ar3 = 0; + iso14443a_setup(); + while((GetCountMifare() & 0xffff0000) != 0x10000); // wait for counter to reset and "warm up" + sync_time = GetCountMifare() & 0xfffffff8; + sync_cycles = 65536; // theory: Mifare Classic's random generator repeats every 2^16 cycles (and so do the nonces). + nt_attacked = 0; + nt = 0; + par = 0; + } + else { + // we were unsuccessful on a previous call. Try another READER nonce (first 3 parity bits remain the same) + // nt_attacked = prng_successor(nt_attacked, 1); + mf_nr_ar3++; + mf_nr_ar[3] = mf_nr_ar3; + par = par_low; + } + + LED_A_ON(); + LED_B_OFF(); + LED_C_OFF(); + + + for(uint16_t i = 0; TRUE; i++) { + + WDT_HIT(); // Test if the action was cancelled if(BUTTON_PRESS()) { break; } + + LED_C_ON(); + + if(!iso14443a_select_card(uid, NULL, &cuid)) { + if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1) Dbprintf("Mifare: Can't select card"); + continue; + } - if(!iso14443a_select_card(uid, NULL, &cuid)) continue; + //keep the card active + FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A | FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_READER_MOD); - // Transmit MIFARE_CLASSIC_AUTH - ReaderTransmit(mf_auth, sizeof(mf_auth)); + // CodeIso14443aBitsAsReaderPar(mf_auth, sizeof(mf_auth)*8, GetParity(mf_auth, sizeof(mf_auth)*8)); - // Receive the (16 bit) "random" nonce - if (!ReaderReceive(receivedAnswer)) continue; - memcpy(nt, receivedAnswer, 4); + sync_time = (sync_time & 0xfffffff8) + sync_cycles + catch_up_cycles; + catch_up_cycles = 0; - // Transmit reader nonce and reader answer - ReaderTransmitPar(mf_nr_ar, sizeof(mf_nr_ar),par); + // if we missed the sync time already, advance to the next nonce repeat + while(GetCountMifare() > sync_time) { + sync_time = (sync_time & 0xfffffff8) + sync_cycles; + } - // Receive 4 bit answer - if (ReaderReceive(receivedAnswer)) - { - if ( (parameter != 0) && (memcmp(nt, nt_noattack, 4) == 0) ) continue; + // Transmit MIFARE_CLASSIC_AUTH at synctime. Should result in returning the same tag nonce (== nt_attacked) + ReaderTransmit(mf_auth, sizeof(mf_auth), &sync_time); - isNULL = !(nt_attacked[0] == 0) && (nt_attacked[1] == 0) && (nt_attacked[2] == 0) && (nt_attacked[3] == 0); - if ( (isNULL != 0 ) && (memcmp(nt, nt_attacked, 4) != 0) ) continue; + // Receive the (4 Byte) "random" nonce + if (!ReaderReceive(receivedAnswer)) { + if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1) Dbprintf("Mifare: Couldn't receive tag nonce"); + continue; + } + + previous_nt = nt; + nt = bytes_to_num(receivedAnswer, 4); + + // Transmit reader nonce with fake par + ReaderTransmitPar(mf_nr_ar, sizeof(mf_nr_ar), par, NULL); + + if (first_try && previous_nt && !nt_attacked) { // we didn't calibrate our clock yet + int nt_distance = dist_nt(previous_nt, nt); + if (nt_distance == 0) { + nt_attacked = nt; + } + else { + if (nt_distance == -99999) { // invalid nonce received, try again + continue; + } + sync_cycles = (sync_cycles - nt_distance); + if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 3) Dbprintf("calibrating in cycle %d. nt_distance=%d, Sync_cycles: %d\n", i, nt_distance, sync_cycles); + continue; + } + } + if ((nt != nt_attacked) && nt_attacked) { // we somehow lost sync. Try to catch up again... + catch_up_cycles = -dist_nt(nt_attacked, nt); + if (catch_up_cycles == 99999) { // invalid nonce received. Don't resync on that one. + catch_up_cycles = 0; + continue; + } + if (catch_up_cycles == last_catch_up) { + consecutive_resyncs++; + } + else { + last_catch_up = catch_up_cycles; + consecutive_resyncs = 0; + } + if (consecutive_resyncs < 3) { + if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 3) Dbprintf("Lost sync in cycle %d. nt_distance=%d. Consecutive Resyncs = %d. Trying one time catch up...\n", i, -catch_up_cycles, consecutive_resyncs); + } + else { + sync_cycles = sync_cycles + catch_up_cycles; + if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 3) Dbprintf("Lost sync in cycle %d for the fourth time consecutively (nt_distance = %d). Adjusting sync_cycles to %d.\n", i, -catch_up_cycles, sync_cycles); + } + continue; + } + + consecutive_resyncs = 0; + + // Receive answer. This will be a 4 Bit NACK when the 8 parity bits are OK after decoding + if (ReaderReceive(receivedAnswer)) + { + catch_up_cycles = 8; // the PRNG is delayed by 8 cycles due to the NAC (4Bits = 0x05 encrypted) transfer + if (nt_diff == 0) { - LED_A_ON(); - memcpy(nt_attacked, nt, 4); - //par_mask = 0xf8; - par_low = par & 0x07; + par_low = par & 0x07; // there is no need to check all parities for other nt_diff. Parity Bits for mf_nr_ar[0..2] won't change } led_on = !led_on; if(led_on) LED_B_ON(); else LED_B_OFF(); + par_list[nt_diff] = par; ks_list[nt_diff] = receivedAnswer[0] ^ 0x05; @@ -1915,10 +2064,10 @@ void ReaderMifare(uint32_t parameter) } nt_diff = (nt_diff + 1) & 0x07; - mf_nr_ar[3] = nt_diff << 5; + mf_nr_ar[3] = (mf_nr_ar[3] & 0x1F) | (nt_diff << 5); par = par_low; } else { - if (nt_diff == 0) + if (nt_diff == 0 && first_try) { par++; } else { @@ -1927,29 +2076,27 @@ void ReaderMifare(uint32_t parameter) } } - LogTrace(nt, 4, 0, GetParity(nt, 4), TRUE); + LogTrace((const uint8_t *)&nt, 4, 0, GetParity((const uint8_t *)&nt, 4), TRUE); LogTrace(par_list, 8, 0, GetParity(par_list, 8), TRUE); LogTrace(ks_list, 8, 0, GetParity(ks_list, 8), TRUE); - UsbCommand ack = {CMD_ACK, {isOK, 0, 0}}; - memcpy(ack.d.asBytes + 0, uid, 4); - memcpy(ack.d.asBytes + 4, nt, 4); - memcpy(ack.d.asBytes + 8, par_list, 8); - memcpy(ack.d.asBytes + 16, ks_list, 8); + mf_nr_ar[3] &= 0x1F; + + byte_t buf[28]; + memcpy(buf + 0, uid, 4); + num_to_bytes(nt, 4, buf + 4); + memcpy(buf + 8, par_list, 8); + memcpy(buf + 16, ks_list, 8); + memcpy(buf + 24, mf_nr_ar, 4); - LED_B_ON(); - UsbSendPacket((uint8_t *)&ack, sizeof(UsbCommand)); - LED_B_OFF(); + cmd_send(CMD_ACK,isOK,0,0,buf,28); // Thats it... FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); LEDsoff(); tracing = TRUE; - - if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1) DbpString("COMMAND mifare FINISHED"); } - //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // MIFARE 1K simulate. //