X-Git-Url: https://git.zerfleddert.de/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi/proxmark3-svn/blobdiff_plain/be2cf126bf74c3e0c60706dd2620c8a6d742e396..refs/pull/181/head:/armsrc/iso14443a.c diff --git a/armsrc/iso14443a.c b/armsrc/iso14443a.c index b73495a3..27574dad 100644 --- a/armsrc/iso14443a.c +++ b/armsrc/iso14443a.c @@ -20,10 +20,9 @@ #include "iso14443a.h" #include "crapto1.h" #include "mifareutil.h" - +#include "BigBuf.h" static uint32_t iso14a_timeout; int rsamples = 0; -int tracing = TRUE; uint8_t trigger = 0; // the block number for the ISO14443-4 PCB static uint8_t iso14_pcb_blocknum = 0; @@ -142,25 +141,40 @@ const uint8_t OddByteParity[256] = { 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1 }; + void iso14a_set_trigger(bool enable) { trigger = enable; } -void iso14a_clear_trace() { - uint8_t *trace = BigBuf_get_addr(); - uint16_t max_traceLen = BigBuf_max_traceLen(); - memset(trace, 0x44, max_traceLen); - traceLen = 0; -} - -void iso14a_set_tracing(bool enable) { - tracing = enable; -} void iso14a_set_timeout(uint32_t timeout) { iso14a_timeout = timeout; + if(MF_DBGLEVEL >= 3) Dbprintf("ISO14443A Timeout set to %ld (%dms)", iso14a_timeout, iso14a_timeout / 106); } + +void iso14a_set_ATS_timeout(uint8_t *ats) { + + uint8_t tb1; + uint8_t fwi; + uint32_t fwt; + + if (ats[0] > 1) { // there is a format byte T0 + if ((ats[1] & 0x20) == 0x20) { // there is an interface byte TB(1) + if ((ats[1] & 0x10) == 0x10) { // there is an interface byte TA(1) preceding TB(1) + tb1 = ats[3]; + } else { + tb1 = ats[2]; + } + fwi = (tb1 & 0xf0) >> 4; // frame waiting indicator (FWI) + fwt = 256 * 16 * (1 << fwi); // frame waiting time (FWT) in 1/fc + + iso14a_set_timeout(fwt/(8*16)); + } + } +} + + //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Generate the parity value for a byte sequence // @@ -199,63 +213,12 @@ void AppendCrc14443a(uint8_t* data, int len) ComputeCrc14443(CRC_14443_A,data,len,data+len,data+len+1); } -// The function LogTrace() is also used by the iClass implementation in iClass.c -bool RAMFUNC LogTrace(const uint8_t *btBytes, uint16_t iLen, uint32_t timestamp_start, uint32_t timestamp_end, uint8_t *parity, bool readerToTag) +void AppendCrc14443b(uint8_t* data, int len) { - if (!tracing) return FALSE; - - uint8_t *trace = BigBuf_get_addr(); - uint16_t num_paritybytes = (iLen-1)/8 + 1; // number of valid paritybytes in *parity - uint16_t duration = timestamp_end - timestamp_start; - - // Return when trace is full - uint16_t max_traceLen = BigBuf_max_traceLen(); - if (traceLen + sizeof(iLen) + sizeof(timestamp_start) + sizeof(duration) + num_paritybytes + iLen >= max_traceLen) { - tracing = FALSE; // don't trace any more - return FALSE; - } - - // Traceformat: - // 32 bits timestamp (little endian) - // 16 bits duration (little endian) - // 16 bits data length (little endian, Highest Bit used as readerToTag flag) - // y Bytes data - // x Bytes parity (one byte per 8 bytes data) - - // timestamp (start) - trace[traceLen++] = ((timestamp_start >> 0) & 0xff); - trace[traceLen++] = ((timestamp_start >> 8) & 0xff); - trace[traceLen++] = ((timestamp_start >> 16) & 0xff); - trace[traceLen++] = ((timestamp_start >> 24) & 0xff); - - // duration - trace[traceLen++] = ((duration >> 0) & 0xff); - trace[traceLen++] = ((duration >> 8) & 0xff); - - // data length - trace[traceLen++] = ((iLen >> 0) & 0xff); - trace[traceLen++] = ((iLen >> 8) & 0xff); - - // readerToTag flag - if (!readerToTag) { - trace[traceLen - 1] |= 0x80; - } - - // data bytes - if (btBytes != NULL && iLen != 0) { - memcpy(trace + traceLen, btBytes, iLen); - } - traceLen += iLen; - - // parity bytes - if (parity != NULL && iLen != 0) { - memcpy(trace + traceLen, parity, num_paritybytes); - } - traceLen += num_paritybytes; - - return TRUE; + ComputeCrc14443(CRC_14443_B,data,len,data+len,data+len+1); } + //============================================================================= // ISO 14443 Type A - Miller decoder //============================================================================= @@ -275,13 +238,17 @@ bool RAMFUNC LogTrace(const uint8_t *btBytes, uint16_t iLen, uint32_t timestamp_ static tUart Uart; // Lookup-Table to decide if 4 raw bits are a modulation. -// We accept two or three consecutive "0" in any position with the rest "1" +// We accept the following: +// 0001 - a 3 tick wide pause +// 0011 - a 2 tick wide pause, or a three tick wide pause shifted left +// 0111 - a 2 tick wide pause shifted left +// 1001 - a 2 tick wide pause shifted right const bool Mod_Miller_LUT[] = { - TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, - TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE + FALSE, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, + FALSE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE }; -#define IsMillerModulationNibble1(b) (Mod_Miller_LUT[(b & 0x00F0) >> 4]) -#define IsMillerModulationNibble2(b) (Mod_Miller_LUT[(b & 0x000F)]) +#define IsMillerModulationNibble1(b) (Mod_Miller_LUT[(b & 0x000000F0) >> 4]) +#define IsMillerModulationNibble2(b) (Mod_Miller_LUT[(b & 0x0000000F)]) void UartReset() { @@ -291,8 +258,6 @@ void UartReset() Uart.parityLen = 0; // number of decoded parity bytes Uart.shiftReg = 0; // shiftreg to hold decoded data bits Uart.parityBits = 0; // holds 8 parity bits - Uart.twoBits = 0x0000; // buffer for 2 Bits - Uart.highCnt = 0; Uart.startTime = 0; Uart.endTime = 0; } @@ -301,6 +266,7 @@ void UartInit(uint8_t *data, uint8_t *parity) { Uart.output = data; Uart.parity = parity; + Uart.fourBits = 0x00000000; // clear the buffer for 4 Bits UartReset(); } @@ -308,45 +274,41 @@ void UartInit(uint8_t *data, uint8_t *parity) static RAMFUNC bool MillerDecoding(uint8_t bit, uint32_t non_real_time) { - Uart.twoBits = (Uart.twoBits << 8) | bit; + Uart.fourBits = (Uart.fourBits << 8) | bit; - if (Uart.state == STATE_UNSYNCD) { // not yet synced + if (Uart.state == STATE_UNSYNCD) { // not yet synced - if (Uart.highCnt < 7) { // wait for a stable unmodulated signal - if (Uart.twoBits == 0xffff) { - Uart.highCnt++; - } else { - Uart.highCnt = 0; - } - } else { - Uart.syncBit = 0xFFFF; // not set - // look for 00xx1111 (the start bit) - if ((Uart.twoBits & 0x6780) == 0x0780) Uart.syncBit = 7; - else if ((Uart.twoBits & 0x33C0) == 0x03C0) Uart.syncBit = 6; - else if ((Uart.twoBits & 0x19E0) == 0x01E0) Uart.syncBit = 5; - else if ((Uart.twoBits & 0x0CF0) == 0x00F0) Uart.syncBit = 4; - else if ((Uart.twoBits & 0x0678) == 0x0078) Uart.syncBit = 3; - else if ((Uart.twoBits & 0x033C) == 0x003C) Uart.syncBit = 2; - else if ((Uart.twoBits & 0x019E) == 0x001E) Uart.syncBit = 1; - else if ((Uart.twoBits & 0x00CF) == 0x000F) Uart.syncBit = 0; - if (Uart.syncBit != 0xFFFF) { - Uart.startTime = non_real_time?non_real_time:(GetCountSspClk() & 0xfffffff8); - Uart.startTime -= Uart.syncBit; - Uart.endTime = Uart.startTime; - Uart.state = STATE_START_OF_COMMUNICATION; - } + Uart.syncBit = 9999; // not set + // The start bit is one ore more Sequence Y followed by a Sequence Z (... 11111111 00x11111). We need to distinguish from + // Sequence X followed by Sequence Y followed by Sequence Z (111100x1 11111111 00x11111) + // we therefore look for a ...xx11111111111100x11111xxxxxx... pattern + // (12 '1's followed by 2 '0's, eventually followed by another '0', followed by 5 '1's) + #define ISO14443A_STARTBIT_MASK 0x07FFEF80 // mask is 00000111 11111111 11101111 10000000 + #define ISO14443A_STARTBIT_PATTERN 0x07FF8F80 // pattern is 00000111 11111111 10001111 10000000 + if ((Uart.fourBits & (ISO14443A_STARTBIT_MASK >> 0)) == ISO14443A_STARTBIT_PATTERN >> 0) Uart.syncBit = 7; + else if ((Uart.fourBits & (ISO14443A_STARTBIT_MASK >> 1)) == ISO14443A_STARTBIT_PATTERN >> 1) Uart.syncBit = 6; + else if ((Uart.fourBits & (ISO14443A_STARTBIT_MASK >> 2)) == ISO14443A_STARTBIT_PATTERN >> 2) Uart.syncBit = 5; + else if ((Uart.fourBits & (ISO14443A_STARTBIT_MASK >> 3)) == ISO14443A_STARTBIT_PATTERN >> 3) Uart.syncBit = 4; + else if ((Uart.fourBits & (ISO14443A_STARTBIT_MASK >> 4)) == ISO14443A_STARTBIT_PATTERN >> 4) Uart.syncBit = 3; + else if ((Uart.fourBits & (ISO14443A_STARTBIT_MASK >> 5)) == ISO14443A_STARTBIT_PATTERN >> 5) Uart.syncBit = 2; + else if ((Uart.fourBits & (ISO14443A_STARTBIT_MASK >> 6)) == ISO14443A_STARTBIT_PATTERN >> 6) Uart.syncBit = 1; + else if ((Uart.fourBits & (ISO14443A_STARTBIT_MASK >> 7)) == ISO14443A_STARTBIT_PATTERN >> 7) Uart.syncBit = 0; + + if (Uart.syncBit != 9999) { // found a sync bit + Uart.startTime = non_real_time?non_real_time:(GetCountSspClk() & 0xfffffff8); + Uart.startTime -= Uart.syncBit; + Uart.endTime = Uart.startTime; + Uart.state = STATE_START_OF_COMMUNICATION; } } else { - if (IsMillerModulationNibble1(Uart.twoBits >> Uart.syncBit)) { - if (IsMillerModulationNibble2(Uart.twoBits >> Uart.syncBit)) { // Modulation in both halves - error + if (IsMillerModulationNibble1(Uart.fourBits >> Uart.syncBit)) { + if (IsMillerModulationNibble2(Uart.fourBits >> Uart.syncBit)) { // Modulation in both halves - error UartReset(); - Uart.highCnt = 6; } else { // Modulation in first half = Sequence Z = logic "0" if (Uart.state == STATE_MILLER_X) { // error - must not follow after X UartReset(); - Uart.highCnt = 6; } else { Uart.bitCount++; Uart.shiftReg = (Uart.shiftReg >> 1); // add a 0 to the shiftreg @@ -366,7 +328,7 @@ static RAMFUNC bool MillerDecoding(uint8_t bit, uint32_t non_real_time) } } } else { - if (IsMillerModulationNibble2(Uart.twoBits >> Uart.syncBit)) { // Modulation second half = Sequence X = logic "1" + if (IsMillerModulationNibble2(Uart.fourBits >> Uart.syncBit)) { // Modulation second half = Sequence X = logic "1" Uart.bitCount++; Uart.shiftReg = (Uart.shiftReg >> 1) | 0x100; // add a 1 to the shiftreg Uart.state = STATE_MILLER_X; @@ -401,12 +363,11 @@ static RAMFUNC bool MillerDecoding(uint8_t bit, uint32_t non_real_time) if (Uart.len) { return TRUE; // we are finished with decoding the raw data sequence } else { - UartReset(); // Nothing receiver - start over + UartReset(); // Nothing received - start over } } if (Uart.state == STATE_START_OF_COMMUNICATION) { // error - must not follow directly after SOC UartReset(); - Uart.highCnt = 6; } else { // a logic "0" Uart.bitCount++; Uart.shiftReg = (Uart.shiftReg >> 1); // add a 0 to the shiftreg @@ -594,12 +555,8 @@ void RAMFUNC SnoopIso14443a(uint8_t param) { LEDsoff(); - // We won't start recording the frames that we acquire until we trigger; - // a good trigger condition to get started is probably when we see a - // response from the tag. - // triggered == FALSE -- to wait first for card - bool triggered = !(param & 0x03); - + iso14443a_setup(FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_SNIFFER); + // Allocate memory from BigBuf for some buffers // free all previous allocations first BigBuf_free(); @@ -616,8 +573,8 @@ void RAMFUNC SnoopIso14443a(uint8_t param) { uint8_t *dmaBuf = BigBuf_malloc(DMA_BUFFER_SIZE); // init trace buffer - iso14a_clear_trace(); - iso14a_set_tracing(TRUE); + clear_trace(); + set_tracing(TRUE); uint8_t *data = dmaBuf; uint8_t previous_data = 0; @@ -626,8 +583,6 @@ void RAMFUNC SnoopIso14443a(uint8_t param) { bool TagIsActive = FALSE; bool ReaderIsActive = FALSE; - iso14443a_setup(FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_SNIFFER); - // Set up the demodulator for tag -> reader responses. DemodInit(receivedResponse, receivedResponsePar); @@ -637,6 +592,12 @@ void RAMFUNC SnoopIso14443a(uint8_t param) { // Setup and start DMA. FpgaSetupSscDma((uint8_t *)dmaBuf, DMA_BUFFER_SIZE); + // We won't start recording the frames that we acquire until we trigger; + // a good trigger condition to get started is probably when we see a + // response from the tag. + // triggered == FALSE -- to wait first for card + bool triggered = !(param & 0x03); + // And now we loop, receiving samples. for(uint32_t rsamples = 0; TRUE; ) { @@ -723,6 +684,9 @@ void RAMFUNC SnoopIso14443a(uint8_t param) { // And ready to receive another response. DemodReset(); + // And reset the Miller decoder including itS (now outdated) input buffer + UartInit(receivedCmd, receivedCmdPar); + LED_C_OFF(); } TagIsActive = (Demod.state != DEMOD_UNSYNCD); @@ -741,7 +705,7 @@ void RAMFUNC SnoopIso14443a(uint8_t param) { FpgaDisableSscDma(); Dbprintf("maxDataLen=%d, Uart.state=%x, Uart.len=%d", maxDataLen, Uart.state, Uart.len); - Dbprintf("traceLen=%d, Uart.output[0]=%08x", traceLen, (uint32_t)Uart.output[0]); + Dbprintf("traceLen=%d, Uart.output[0]=%08x", BigBuf_get_traceLen(), (uint32_t)Uart.output[0]); LEDsoff(); } @@ -1069,6 +1033,9 @@ void SimulateIso14443aTag(int tagType, int uid_1st, int uid_2nd, byte_t* data) .modulation_n = 0 }; + // We need to listen to the high-frequency, peak-detected path. + iso14443a_setup(FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_TAGSIM_LISTEN); + BigBuf_free_keep_EM(); // allocate buffers: @@ -1077,8 +1044,8 @@ void SimulateIso14443aTag(int tagType, int uid_1st, int uid_2nd, byte_t* data) free_buffer_pointer = BigBuf_malloc(ALLOCATED_TAG_MODULATION_BUFFER_SIZE); // clear trace - iso14a_clear_trace(); - iso14a_set_tracing(TRUE); + clear_trace(); + set_tracing(TRUE); // Prepare the responses of the anticollision phase // there will be not enough time to do this at the moment the reader sends it REQA @@ -1097,16 +1064,12 @@ void SimulateIso14443aTag(int tagType, int uid_1st, int uid_2nd, byte_t* data) int happened2 = 0; int cmdsRecvd = 0; - // We need to listen to the high-frequency, peak-detected path. - iso14443a_setup(FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_TAGSIM_LISTEN); - cmdsRecvd = 0; tag_response_info_t* p_response; LED_A_ON(); for(;;) { // Clean receive command buffer - if(!GetIso14443aCommandFromReader(receivedCmd, receivedCmdPar, &len)) { DbpString("Button press"); break; @@ -1380,7 +1343,7 @@ void CodeIso14443aBitsAsReaderPar(const uint8_t *cmd, uint16_t bits, const uint8 } // Only transmit parity bit if we transmitted a complete byte - if (j == 8) { + if (j == 8 && parity != NULL) { // Get the parity bit if (parity[i>>3] & (0x80 >> (i&0x0007))) { // Sequence X @@ -1425,6 +1388,7 @@ void CodeIso14443aAsReaderPar(const uint8_t *cmd, uint16_t len, const uint8_t *p CodeIso14443aBitsAsReaderPar(cmd, len*8, parity); } + //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Wait for commands from reader // Stop when button is pressed (return 1) or field was gone (return 2) @@ -1447,9 +1411,9 @@ static int EmGetCmd(uint8_t *received, uint16_t *len, uint8_t *parity) // Set ADC to read field strength AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_CR = AT91C_ADC_SWRST; AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_MR = - ADC_MODE_PRESCALE(32) | - ADC_MODE_STARTUP_TIME(16) | - ADC_MODE_SAMPLE_HOLD_TIME(8); + ADC_MODE_PRESCALE(63) | + ADC_MODE_STARTUP_TIME(1) | + ADC_MODE_SAMPLE_HOLD_TIME(15); AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_CHER = ADC_CHANNEL(ADC_CHAN_HF); // start ADC AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_CR = AT91C_ADC_START; @@ -1459,7 +1423,7 @@ static int EmGetCmd(uint8_t *received, uint16_t *len, uint8_t *parity) // Clear RXRDY: uint8_t b = (uint8_t)AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR; - + for(;;) { WDT_HIT(); @@ -1471,7 +1435,7 @@ static int EmGetCmd(uint8_t *received, uint16_t *len, uint8_t *parity) analogAVG += AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_CDR[ADC_CHAN_HF]; AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_CR = AT91C_ADC_START; if (analogCnt >= 32) { - if ((33000 * (analogAVG / analogCnt) >> 10) < MF_MINFIELDV) { + if ((MAX_ADC_HF_VOLTAGE * (analogAVG / analogCnt) >> 10) < MF_MINFIELDV) { vtime = GetTickCount(); if (!timer) timer = vtime; // 50ms no field --> card to idle state @@ -1546,14 +1510,15 @@ static int EmSendCmd14443aRaw(uint8_t *resp, uint16_t respLen, bool correctionNe } // Ensure that the FPGA Delay Queue is empty before we switch to TAGSIM_LISTEN again: - for (i = 0; i < 2 ; ) { + uint8_t fpga_queued_bits = FpgaSendQueueDelay >> 3; + for (i = 0; i <= fpga_queued_bits/8 + 1; ) { if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY)) { AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = SEC_F; FpgaSendQueueDelay = (uint8_t)AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR; i++; } } - + LastTimeProxToAirStart = ThisTransferTime + (correctionNeeded?8:0); return 0; @@ -1655,7 +1620,7 @@ static int GetIso14443aAnswerFromTag(uint8_t *receivedResponse, uint8_t *receive // clear RXRDY: uint8_t b = (uint8_t)AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR; - + c = 0; for(;;) { WDT_HIT(); @@ -1665,13 +1630,14 @@ static int GetIso14443aAnswerFromTag(uint8_t *receivedResponse, uint8_t *receive if(ManchesterDecoding(b, offset, 0)) { NextTransferTime = MAX(NextTransferTime, Demod.endTime - (DELAY_AIR2ARM_AS_READER + DELAY_ARM2AIR_AS_READER)/16 + FRAME_DELAY_TIME_PICC_TO_PCD); return TRUE; - } else if (c++ > iso14a_timeout) { + } else if (c++ > iso14a_timeout && Demod.state == DEMOD_UNSYNCD) { return FALSE; } } } } + void ReaderTransmitBitsPar(uint8_t* frame, uint16_t bits, uint8_t *par, uint32_t *timing) { CodeIso14443aBitsAsReaderPar(frame, bits, par); @@ -1687,11 +1653,13 @@ void ReaderTransmitBitsPar(uint8_t* frame, uint16_t bits, uint8_t *par, uint32_t } } + void ReaderTransmitPar(uint8_t* frame, uint16_t len, uint8_t *par, uint32_t *timing) { ReaderTransmitBitsPar(frame, len*8, par, timing); } + void ReaderTransmitBits(uint8_t* frame, uint16_t len, uint32_t *timing) { // Generate parity and redirect @@ -1700,6 +1668,7 @@ void ReaderTransmitBits(uint8_t* frame, uint16_t len, uint32_t *timing) ReaderTransmitBitsPar(frame, len, par, timing); } + void ReaderTransmit(uint8_t* frame, uint16_t len, uint32_t *timing) { // Generate parity and redirect @@ -1760,6 +1729,11 @@ int iso14443a_select_card(byte_t *uid_ptr, iso14a_card_select_t *p_hi14a_card, u memset(uid_ptr,0,10); } + // check for proprietary anticollision: + if ((resp[0] & 0x1F) == 0) { + return 3; + } + // OK we will select at least at cascade 1, lets see if first byte of UID was 0x88 in // which case we need to make a cascade 2 request and select - this is a long UID // While the UID is not complete, the 3nd bit (from the right) is set in the SAK. @@ -1863,6 +1837,10 @@ int iso14443a_select_card(byte_t *uid_ptr, iso14a_card_select_t *p_hi14a_card, u // reset the PCB block number iso14_pcb_blocknum = 0; + + // set default timeout based on ATS + iso14a_set_ATS_timeout(resp); + return 1; } @@ -1927,17 +1905,18 @@ void ReaderIso14443a(UsbCommand *c) { iso14a_command_t param = c->arg[0]; uint8_t *cmd = c->d.asBytes; - size_t len = c->arg[1]; - size_t lenbits = c->arg[2]; + size_t len = c->arg[1] & 0xffff; + size_t lenbits = c->arg[1] >> 16; + uint32_t timeout = c->arg[2]; uint32_t arg0 = 0; byte_t buf[USB_CMD_DATA_SIZE]; uint8_t par[MAX_PARITY_SIZE]; if(param & ISO14A_CONNECT) { - iso14a_clear_trace(); + clear_trace(); } - iso14a_set_tracing(TRUE); + set_tracing(TRUE); if(param & ISO14A_REQUEST_TRIGGER) { iso14a_set_trigger(TRUE); @@ -1953,7 +1932,7 @@ void ReaderIso14443a(UsbCommand *c) } if(param & ISO14A_SET_TIMEOUT) { - iso14a_set_timeout(c->arg[2]); + iso14a_set_timeout(timeout); } if(param & ISO14A_APDU) { @@ -1963,15 +1942,38 @@ void ReaderIso14443a(UsbCommand *c) if(param & ISO14A_RAW) { if(param & ISO14A_APPEND_CRC) { - AppendCrc14443a(cmd,len); + if(param & ISO14A_TOPAZMODE) { + AppendCrc14443b(cmd,len); + } else { + AppendCrc14443a(cmd,len); + } len += 2; if (lenbits) lenbits += 16; } - if(lenbits>0) { - GetParity(cmd, lenbits/8, par); - ReaderTransmitBitsPar(cmd, lenbits, par, NULL); - } else { - ReaderTransmit(cmd,len, NULL); + if(lenbits>0) { // want to send a specific number of bits (e.g. short commands) + if(param & ISO14A_TOPAZMODE) { + int bits_to_send = lenbits; + uint16_t i = 0; + ReaderTransmitBitsPar(&cmd[i++], MIN(bits_to_send, 7), NULL, NULL); // first byte is always short (7bits) and no parity + bits_to_send -= 7; + while (bits_to_send > 0) { + ReaderTransmitBitsPar(&cmd[i++], MIN(bits_to_send, 8), NULL, NULL); // following bytes are 8 bit and no parity + bits_to_send -= 8; + } + } else { + GetParity(cmd, lenbits/8, par); + ReaderTransmitBitsPar(cmd, lenbits, par, NULL); // bytes are 8 bit with odd parity + } + } else { // want to send complete bytes only + if(param & ISO14A_TOPAZMODE) { + uint16_t i = 0; + ReaderTransmitBitsPar(&cmd[i++], 7, NULL, NULL); // first byte: 7 bits, no paritiy + while (i < len) { + ReaderTransmitBitsPar(&cmd[i++], 8, NULL, NULL); // following bytes: 8 bits, no paritiy + } + } else { + ReaderTransmit(cmd,len, NULL); // 8 bits, odd parity + } } arg0 = ReaderReceive(buf, par); cmd_send(CMD_ACK,arg0,0,0,buf,sizeof(buf)); @@ -2007,7 +2009,7 @@ int32_t dist_nt(uint32_t nt1, uint32_t nt2) { nttmp1 = prng_successor(nttmp1, 1); if (nttmp1 == nt2) return i; nttmp2 = prng_successor(nttmp2, 1); - if (nttmp2 == nt1) return -i; + if (nttmp2 == nt1) return -i; } return(-99999); // either nt1 or nt2 are invalid nonces @@ -2030,11 +2032,15 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try) uint8_t receivedAnswer[MAX_MIFARE_FRAME_SIZE]; uint8_t receivedAnswerPar[MAX_MIFARE_PARITY_SIZE]; + if (first_try) { + iso14443a_setup(FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_READER_MOD); + } + // free eventually allocated BigBuf memory. We want all for tracing. BigBuf_free(); - iso14a_clear_trace(); - iso14a_set_tracing(TRUE); + clear_trace(); + set_tracing(TRUE); byte_t nt_diff = 0; uint8_t par[1] = {0}; // maximum 8 Bytes to be sent here, 1 byte parity is therefore enough @@ -2049,20 +2055,20 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try) byte_t par_list[8] = {0x00}; byte_t ks_list[8] = {0x00}; + #define PRNG_SEQUENCE_LENGTH (1 << 16); static uint32_t sync_time; - static uint32_t sync_cycles; + static int32_t sync_cycles; int catch_up_cycles = 0; int last_catch_up = 0; + uint16_t elapsed_prng_sequences; uint16_t consecutive_resyncs = 0; int isOK = 0; if (first_try) { mf_nr_ar3 = 0; - iso14443a_setup(FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_READER_MOD); sync_time = GetCountSspClk() & 0xfffffff8; - sync_cycles = 65536; // theory: Mifare Classic's random generator repeats every 2^16 cycles (and so do the nonces). + sync_cycles = PRNG_SEQUENCE_LENGTH; // theory: Mifare Classic's random generator repeats every 2^16 cycles (and so do the tag nonces). nt_attacked = 0; - nt = 0; par[0] = 0; } else { @@ -2076,33 +2082,84 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try) LED_B_OFF(); LED_C_OFF(); - + + #define MAX_UNEXPECTED_RANDOM 4 // maximum number of unexpected (i.e. real) random numbers when trying to sync. Then give up. + #define MAX_SYNC_TRIES 32 + #define NUM_DEBUG_INFOS 8 // per strategy + #define MAX_STRATEGY 3 + uint16_t unexpected_random = 0; + uint16_t sync_tries = 0; + int16_t debug_info_nr = -1; + uint16_t strategy = 0; + int32_t debug_info[MAX_STRATEGY][NUM_DEBUG_INFOS]; + uint32_t select_time; + uint32_t halt_time; + for(uint16_t i = 0; TRUE; i++) { + LED_C_ON(); WDT_HIT(); // Test if the action was cancelled if(BUTTON_PRESS()) { + isOK = -1; break; } - LED_C_ON(); + if (strategy == 2) { + // test with additional hlt command + halt_time = 0; + int len = mifare_sendcmd_short(NULL, false, 0x50, 0x00, receivedAnswer, receivedAnswerPar, &halt_time); + if (len && MF_DBGLEVEL >= 3) { + Dbprintf("Unexpected response of %d bytes to hlt command (additional debugging).", len); + } + } + if (strategy == 3) { + // test with FPGA power off/on + FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); + SpinDelay(200); + iso14443a_setup(FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_READER_MOD); + SpinDelay(100); + } + if(!iso14443a_select_card(uid, NULL, &cuid)) { if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1) Dbprintf("Mifare: Can't select card"); continue; } + select_time = GetCountSspClk(); - sync_time = (sync_time & 0xfffffff8) + sync_cycles + catch_up_cycles; - catch_up_cycles = 0; + elapsed_prng_sequences = 1; + if (debug_info_nr == -1) { + sync_time = (sync_time & 0xfffffff8) + sync_cycles + catch_up_cycles; + catch_up_cycles = 0; - // if we missed the sync time already, advance to the next nonce repeat - while(GetCountSspClk() > sync_time) { - sync_time = (sync_time & 0xfffffff8) + sync_cycles; - } + // if we missed the sync time already, advance to the next nonce repeat + while(GetCountSspClk() > sync_time) { + elapsed_prng_sequences++; + sync_time = (sync_time & 0xfffffff8) + sync_cycles; + } - // Transmit MIFARE_CLASSIC_AUTH at synctime. Should result in returning the same tag nonce (== nt_attacked) - ReaderTransmit(mf_auth, sizeof(mf_auth), &sync_time); + // Transmit MIFARE_CLASSIC_AUTH at synctime. Should result in returning the same tag nonce (== nt_attacked) + ReaderTransmit(mf_auth, sizeof(mf_auth), &sync_time); + } else { + // collect some information on tag nonces for debugging: + #define DEBUG_FIXED_SYNC_CYCLES PRNG_SEQUENCE_LENGTH + if (strategy == 0) { + // nonce distances at fixed time after card select: + sync_time = select_time + DEBUG_FIXED_SYNC_CYCLES; + } else if (strategy == 1) { + // nonce distances at fixed time between authentications: + sync_time = sync_time + DEBUG_FIXED_SYNC_CYCLES; + } else if (strategy == 2) { + // nonce distances at fixed time after halt: + sync_time = halt_time + DEBUG_FIXED_SYNC_CYCLES; + } else { + // nonce_distances at fixed time after power on + sync_time = DEBUG_FIXED_SYNC_CYCLES; + } + ReaderTransmit(mf_auth, sizeof(mf_auth), &sync_time); + } // Receive the (4 Byte) "random" nonce if (!ReaderReceive(receivedAnswer, receivedAnswerPar)) { @@ -2120,13 +2177,37 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try) int nt_distance = dist_nt(previous_nt, nt); if (nt_distance == 0) { nt_attacked = nt; - } - else { - if (nt_distance == -99999) { // invalid nonce received, try again - continue; + } else { + if (nt_distance == -99999) { // invalid nonce received + unexpected_random++; + if (unexpected_random > MAX_UNEXPECTED_RANDOM) { + isOK = -3; // Card has an unpredictable PRNG. Give up + break; + } else { + continue; // continue trying... + } + } + if (++sync_tries > MAX_SYNC_TRIES) { + if (strategy > MAX_STRATEGY || MF_DBGLEVEL < 3) { + isOK = -4; // Card's PRNG runs at an unexpected frequency or resets unexpectedly + break; + } else { // continue for a while, just to collect some debug info + debug_info[strategy][debug_info_nr] = nt_distance; + debug_info_nr++; + if (debug_info_nr == NUM_DEBUG_INFOS) { + strategy++; + debug_info_nr = 0; + } + continue; + } + } + sync_cycles = (sync_cycles - nt_distance/elapsed_prng_sequences); + if (sync_cycles <= 0) { + sync_cycles += PRNG_SEQUENCE_LENGTH; + } + if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 3) { + Dbprintf("calibrating in cycle %d. nt_distance=%d, elapsed_prng_sequences=%d, new sync_cycles: %d\n", i, nt_distance, elapsed_prng_sequences, sync_cycles); } - sync_cycles = (sync_cycles - nt_distance); - if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 3) Dbprintf("calibrating in cycle %d. nt_distance=%d, Sync_cycles: %d\n", i, nt_distance, sync_cycles); continue; } } @@ -2137,6 +2218,7 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try) catch_up_cycles = 0; continue; } + catch_up_cycles /= elapsed_prng_sequences; if (catch_up_cycles == last_catch_up) { consecutive_resyncs++; } @@ -2150,6 +2232,9 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try) else { sync_cycles = sync_cycles + catch_up_cycles; if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 3) Dbprintf("Lost sync in cycle %d for the fourth time consecutively (nt_distance = %d). Adjusting sync_cycles to %d.\n", i, -catch_up_cycles, sync_cycles); + last_catch_up = 0; + catch_up_cycles = 0; + consecutive_resyncs = 0; } continue; } @@ -2157,12 +2242,10 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try) consecutive_resyncs = 0; // Receive answer. This will be a 4 Bit NACK when the 8 parity bits are OK after decoding - if (ReaderReceive(receivedAnswer, receivedAnswerPar)) - { + if (ReaderReceive(receivedAnswer, receivedAnswerPar)) { catch_up_cycles = 8; // the PRNG is delayed by 8 cycles due to the NAC (4Bits = 0x05 encrypted) transfer - if (nt_diff == 0) - { + if (nt_diff == 0) { par_low = par[0] & 0xE0; // there is no need to check all parities for other nt_diff. Parity Bits for mf_nr_ar[0..2] won't change } @@ -2185,6 +2268,10 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try) if (nt_diff == 0 && first_try) { par[0]++; + if (par[0] == 0x00) { // tried all 256 possible parities without success. Card doesn't send NACK. + isOK = -2; + break; + } } else { par[0] = ((par[0] & 0x1F) + 1) | par_low; } @@ -2193,6 +2280,16 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try) mf_nr_ar[3] &= 0x1F; + + if (isOK == -4) { + if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 3) { + for (uint16_t i = 0; i <= MAX_STRATEGY; i++) { + for(uint16_t j = 0; j < NUM_DEBUG_INFOS; j++) { + Dbprintf("collected debug info[%d][%d] = %d", i, j, debug_info[i][j]); + } + } + } + } byte_t buf[28]; memcpy(buf + 0, uid, 4); @@ -2201,13 +2298,13 @@ void ReaderMifare(bool first_try) memcpy(buf + 16, ks_list, 8); memcpy(buf + 24, mf_nr_ar, 4); - cmd_send(CMD_ACK,isOK,0,0,buf,28); + cmd_send(CMD_ACK, isOK, 0, 0, buf, 28); // Thats it... FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); LEDsoff(); - iso14a_set_tracing(FALSE); + set_tracing(FALSE); } /** @@ -2262,12 +2359,6 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t * uint32_t ar_nr_responses[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}; uint8_t ar_nr_collected = 0; - // free eventually allocated BigBuf memory but keep Emulator Memory - BigBuf_free_keep_EM(); - // clear trace - iso14a_clear_trace(); - iso14a_set_tracing(TRUE); - // Authenticate response - nonce uint32_t nonce = bytes_to_num(rAUTH_NT, 4); @@ -2305,13 +2396,10 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t * if (_7BUID) { rATQA[0] = 0x44; rUIDBCC1[0] = 0x88; + rUIDBCC1[4] = rUIDBCC1[0] ^ rUIDBCC1[1] ^ rUIDBCC1[2] ^ rUIDBCC1[3]; rUIDBCC2[4] = rUIDBCC2[0] ^ rUIDBCC2[1] ^ rUIDBCC2[2] ^ rUIDBCC2[3]; } - // We need to listen to the high-frequency, peak-detected path. - iso14443a_setup(FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_TAGSIM_LISTEN); - - if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1) { if (!_7BUID) { Dbprintf("4B UID: %02x%02x%02x%02x", @@ -2323,15 +2411,24 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t * } } + // We need to listen to the high-frequency, peak-detected path. + iso14443a_setup(FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_TAGSIM_LISTEN); + + // free eventually allocated BigBuf memory but keep Emulator Memory + BigBuf_free_keep_EM(); + + // clear trace + clear_trace(); + set_tracing(TRUE); + + bool finished = FALSE; while (!BUTTON_PRESS() && !finished) { WDT_HIT(); // find reader field - // Vref = 3300mV, and an 10:1 voltage divider on the input - // can measure voltages up to 33000 mV if (cardSTATE == MFEMUL_NOFIELD) { - vHf = (33000 * AvgAdc(ADC_CHAN_HF)) >> 10; + vHf = (MAX_ADC_HF_VOLTAGE * AvgAdc(ADC_CHAN_HF)) >> 10; if (vHf > MF_MINFIELDV) { cardSTATE_TO_IDLE(); LED_A_ON(); @@ -2406,6 +2503,7 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t * LogTrace(Uart.output, Uart.len, Uart.startTime*16 - DELAY_AIR2ARM_AS_TAG, Uart.endTime*16 - DELAY_AIR2ARM_AS_TAG, Uart.parity, TRUE); break; } + uint32_t ar = bytes_to_num(receivedCmd, 4); uint32_t nr = bytes_to_num(&receivedCmd[4], 4); @@ -2512,6 +2610,7 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t * ans = nonce ^ crypto1_word(pcs, cuid ^ nonce, 0); num_to_bytes(ans, 4, rAUTH_AT); } + EmSendCmd(rAUTH_AT, sizeof(rAUTH_AT)); //Dbprintf("Sending rAUTH %02x%02x%02x%02x", rAUTH_AT[0],rAUTH_AT[1],rAUTH_AT[2],rAUTH_AT[3]); cardSTATE = MFEMUL_AUTH1; @@ -2544,13 +2643,13 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t * || receivedCmd[0] == 0xB0) { // transfer if (receivedCmd[1] >= 16 * 4) { EmSend4bit(mf_crypto1_encrypt4bit(pcs, CARD_NACK_NA)); - if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 2) Dbprintf("Reader tried to operate (0x%02) on out of range block: %d (0x%02x), nacking",receivedCmd[0],receivedCmd[1],receivedCmd[1]); + if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 2) Dbprintf("Reader tried to operate (0x%02x) on out of range block: %d (0x%02x), nacking",receivedCmd[0],receivedCmd[1],receivedCmd[1]); break; } if (receivedCmd[1] / 4 != cardAUTHSC) { EmSend4bit(mf_crypto1_encrypt4bit(pcs, CARD_NACK_NA)); - if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 2) Dbprintf("Reader tried to operate (0x%02) on block (0x%02x) not authenticated for (0x%02x), nacking",receivedCmd[0],receivedCmd[1],cardAUTHSC); + if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 2) Dbprintf("Reader tried to operate (0x%02x) on block (0x%02x) not authenticated for (0x%02x), nacking",receivedCmd[0],receivedCmd[1],cardAUTHSC); break; } } @@ -2692,7 +2791,7 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t * if(ar_nr_collected > 1) { Dbprintf("Collected two pairs of AR/NR which can be used to extract keys from reader:"); Dbprintf("../tools/mfkey/mfkey32 %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x", - ar_nr_responses[0], // UID + ar_nr_responses[0], // UID ar_nr_responses[1], //NT ar_nr_responses[2], //AR1 ar_nr_responses[3], //NR1 @@ -2711,7 +2810,8 @@ void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t flags, uint8_t exitAfterNReads, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t * } } } - if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1) Dbprintf("Emulator stopped. Tracing: %d trace length: %d ", tracing, traceLen); + if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1) Dbprintf("Emulator stopped. Tracing: %d trace length: %d ", tracing, BigBuf_get_traceLen()); + } @@ -2728,8 +2828,8 @@ void RAMFUNC SniffMifare(uint8_t param) { // C(red) A(yellow) B(green) LEDsoff(); // init trace buffer - iso14a_clear_trace(); - iso14a_set_tracing(TRUE); + clear_trace(); + set_tracing(TRUE); // The command (reader -> tag) that we're receiving. // The length of a received command will in most cases be no more than 18 bytes. @@ -2740,10 +2840,8 @@ void RAMFUNC SniffMifare(uint8_t param) { uint8_t receivedResponse[MAX_MIFARE_FRAME_SIZE]; uint8_t receivedResponsePar[MAX_MIFARE_PARITY_SIZE]; - // As we receive stuff, we copy it from receivedCmd or receivedResponse - // into trace, along with its length and other annotations. - //uint8_t *trace = (uint8_t *)BigBuf; - + iso14443a_setup(FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_SNIFFER); + // free eventually allocated BigBuf memory BigBuf_free(); // allocate the DMA buffer, used to stream samples from the FPGA @@ -2755,8 +2853,6 @@ void RAMFUNC SniffMifare(uint8_t param) { bool ReaderIsActive = FALSE; bool TagIsActive = FALSE; - iso14443a_setup(FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_SNIFFER); - // Set up the demodulator for tag -> reader responses. DemodInit(receivedResponse, receivedResponsePar); @@ -2836,7 +2932,7 @@ void RAMFUNC SniffMifare(uint8_t param) { if (MfSniffLogic(receivedCmd, Uart.len, Uart.parity, Uart.bitCount, TRUE)) break; /* And ready to receive another command. */ - UartReset(); + UartInit(receivedCmd, receivedCmdPar); /* And also reset the demod code */ DemodReset(); @@ -2853,6 +2949,8 @@ void RAMFUNC SniffMifare(uint8_t param) { // And ready to receive another response. DemodReset(); + // And reset the Miller decoder including its (now outdated) input buffer + UartInit(receivedCmd, receivedCmdPar); } TagIsActive = (Demod.state != DEMOD_UNSYNCD); }