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Fix empty key list bug in mfkeys.lua (#579)
[proxmark3-svn] / client / flash.c
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a553f267 1//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
8fe1a992 2// Copyright (C) 2010 Hector Martin "marcan" <marcan@marcansoft.com>
3//
a553f267 4// This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or,
5// at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of
6// the license.
7//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
8fe1a992 8// ELF file flasher
a553f267 9//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
10
6e4d4ee6 11#include <stdio.h>
6e4d4ee6 12#include <string.h>
83a9b236 13#include <stdlib.h>
43534cba 14#include <inttypes.h>
acf0582d 15#include <unistd.h>
125a98a1 16#include "proxmark3.h"
acf0582d 17#include "util.h"
ec9c7112 18#include "util_posix.h"
6e4d4ee6 19#include "flash.h"
2cab856f 20#include "elf.h"
8fe1a992 21#include "proxendian.h"
28fdb04f 22#include "usb_cmd.h"
3851172d 23
24void SendCommand(UsbCommand* txcmd);
25void ReceiveCommand(UsbCommand* rxcmd);
26void CloseProxmark();
27int OpenProxmark(size_t i);
6e4d4ee6 28
0ae6234a 29// FIXME: what the fuckity fuck
8fe1a992 30unsigned int current_command = CMD_UNKNOWN;
31
32#define FLASH_START 0x100000
33#define FLASH_SIZE (256*1024)
34#define FLASH_END (FLASH_START + FLASH_SIZE)
35#define BOOTLOADER_SIZE 0x2000
36#define BOOTLOADER_END (FLASH_START + BOOTLOADER_SIZE)
37
28fdb04f 38#define BLOCK_SIZE 0x200
8fe1a992 39
40static const uint8_t elf_ident[] = {
41 0x7f, 'E', 'L', 'F',
42 ELFCLASS32,
43 ELFDATA2LSB,
44 EV_CURRENT
45};
46
47// Turn PHDRs into flasher segments, checking for PHDR sanity and merging adjacent
48// unaligned segments if needed
49static int build_segs_from_phdrs(flash_file_t *ctx, FILE *fd, Elf32_Phdr *phdrs, int num_phdrs)
7fe9b0b7 50{
8fe1a992 51 Elf32_Phdr *phdr = phdrs;
52 flash_seg_t *seg;
53 uint32_t last_end = 0;
54
55 ctx->segments = malloc(sizeof(flash_seg_t) * num_phdrs);
56 if (!ctx->segments) {
57 fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
58 return -1;
59 }
60 ctx->num_segs = 0;
61 seg = ctx->segments;
62
63 fprintf(stderr, "Loading usable ELF segments:\n");
64 for (int i = 0; i < num_phdrs; i++) {
65 if (le32(phdr->p_type) != PT_LOAD) {
66 phdr++;
67 continue;
68 }
69 uint32_t vaddr = le32(phdr->p_vaddr);
70 uint32_t paddr = le32(phdr->p_paddr);
71 uint32_t filesz = le32(phdr->p_filesz);
72 uint32_t memsz = le32(phdr->p_memsz);
73 uint32_t offset = le32(phdr->p_offset);
74 uint32_t flags = le32(phdr->p_flags);
75 if (!filesz) {
76 phdr++;
77 continue;
78 }
79 fprintf(stderr, "%d: V 0x%08x P 0x%08x (0x%08x->0x%08x) [%c%c%c] @0x%x\n",
80 i, vaddr, paddr, filesz, memsz,
81 flags & PF_R ? 'R' : ' ',
82 flags & PF_W ? 'W' : ' ',
83 flags & PF_X ? 'X' : ' ',
84 offset);
85 if (filesz != memsz) {
86 fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDR file size does not equal memory size\n"
87 "(DATA+BSS PHDRs do not make sense on ROM platforms!)\n");
88 return -1;
89 }
90 if (paddr < last_end) {
91 fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDRs not sorted or overlap\n");
92 return -1;
93 }
94 if (paddr < FLASH_START || (paddr+filesz) > FLASH_END) {
95 fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDR is not contained in Flash\n");
96 return -1;
97 }
98 if (vaddr >= FLASH_START && vaddr < FLASH_END && (flags & PF_W)) {
99 fprintf(stderr, "Error: Flash VMA segment is writable\n");
100 return -1;
101 }
102
103 uint8_t *data;
104 // make extra space if we need to move the data forward
105 data = malloc(filesz + BLOCK_SIZE);
106 if (!data) {
107 fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
108 return -1;
109 }
110 if (fseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0 || fread(data, 1, filesz, fd) != filesz) {
111 fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading PHDR payload\n");
112 free(data);
113 return -1;
114 }
115
116 uint32_t block_offset = paddr & (BLOCK_SIZE-1);
117 if (block_offset) {
118 if (ctx->num_segs) {
119 flash_seg_t *prev_seg = seg - 1;
120 uint32_t this_end = paddr + filesz;
121 uint32_t this_firstblock = paddr & ~(BLOCK_SIZE-1);
122 uint32_t prev_lastblock = (last_end - 1) & ~(BLOCK_SIZE-1);
123
124 if (this_firstblock == prev_lastblock) {
125 uint32_t new_length = this_end - prev_seg->start;
126 uint32_t this_offset = paddr - prev_seg->start;
127 uint32_t hole = this_offset - prev_seg->length;
128 uint8_t *new_data = malloc(new_length);
129 if (!new_data) {
130 fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
131 free(data);
132 return -1;
133 }
134 memset(new_data, 0xff, new_length);
135 memcpy(new_data, prev_seg->data, prev_seg->length);
136 memcpy(new_data + this_offset, data, filesz);
137 fprintf(stderr, "Note: Extending previous segment from 0x%x to 0x%x bytes\n",
138 prev_seg->length, new_length);
139 if (hole)
140 fprintf(stderr, "Note: 0x%x-byte hole created\n", hole);
141 free(data);
142 free(prev_seg->data);
143 prev_seg->data = new_data;
144 prev_seg->length = new_length;
145 last_end = this_end;
146 phdr++;
147 continue;
148 }
149 }
150 fprintf(stderr, "Warning: segment does not begin on a block boundary, will pad\n");
151 memmove(data + block_offset, data, filesz);
152 memset(data, 0xFF, block_offset);
153 filesz += block_offset;
154 paddr -= block_offset;
155 }
156
157 seg->data = data;
158 seg->start = paddr;
159 seg->length = filesz;
160 seg++;
161 ctx->num_segs++;
162
163 last_end = paddr + filesz;
164 phdr++;
165 }
166 return 0;
6e4d4ee6 167}
168
8fe1a992 169// Sanity check segments and check for bootloader writes
170static int check_segs(flash_file_t *ctx, int can_write_bl) {
171 for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++) {
172 flash_seg_t *seg = &ctx->segments[i];
173
174 if (seg->start & (BLOCK_SIZE-1)) {
175 fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is not aligned\n");
176 return -1;
177 }
178 if (seg->start < FLASH_START) {
179 fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is outside of flash bounds\n");
180 return -1;
181 }
182 if (seg->start + seg->length > FLASH_END) {
183 fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is outside of flash bounds\n");
184 return -1;
185 }
186 if (!can_write_bl && seg->start < BOOTLOADER_END) {
187 fprintf(stderr, "Attempted to write bootloader but bootloader writes are not enabled\n");
188 return -1;
189 }
190 }
191 return 0;
192}
193
194// Load an ELF file and prepare it for flashing
195int flash_load(flash_file_t *ctx, const char *name, int can_write_bl)
196{
197 FILE *fd = NULL;
198 Elf32_Ehdr ehdr;
199 Elf32_Phdr *phdrs = NULL;
200 int num_phdrs;
201 int res;
202
203 fd = fopen(name, "rb");
204 if (!fd) {
205 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open file '%s': ", name);
206 perror(NULL);
207 goto fail;
208 }
209
210 fprintf(stderr, "Loading ELF file '%s'...\n", name);
211
212 if (fread(&ehdr, sizeof(ehdr), 1, fd) != 1) {
213 fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF file header\n");
214 goto fail;
215 }
216 if (memcmp(ehdr.e_ident, elf_ident, sizeof(elf_ident))
217 || le32(ehdr.e_version) != 1)
218 {
219 fprintf(stderr, "Not an ELF file or wrong ELF type\n");
220 goto fail;
221 }
222 if (le16(ehdr.e_type) != ET_EXEC) {
223 fprintf(stderr, "ELF is not executable\n");
224 goto fail;
225 }
226 if (le16(ehdr.e_machine) != EM_ARM) {
227 fprintf(stderr, "Wrong ELF architecture\n");
228 goto fail;
229 }
230 if (!ehdr.e_phnum || !ehdr.e_phoff) {
231 fprintf(stderr, "ELF has no PHDRs\n");
232 goto fail;
233 }
234 if (le16(ehdr.e_phentsize) != sizeof(Elf32_Phdr)) {
235 // could be a structure padding issue...
236 fprintf(stderr, "Either the ELF file or this code is made of fail\n");
237 goto fail;
238 }
239 num_phdrs = le16(ehdr.e_phnum);
240
241 phdrs = malloc(le16(ehdr.e_phnum) * sizeof(Elf32_Phdr));
242 if (!phdrs) {
243 fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
244 goto fail;
245 }
246 if (fseek(fd, le32(ehdr.e_phoff), SEEK_SET) < 0) {
247 fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF PHDRs\n");
248 goto fail;
249 }
250 if (fread(phdrs, sizeof(Elf32_Phdr), num_phdrs, fd) != num_phdrs) {
251 fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF PHDRs\n");
252 goto fail;
253 }
254
255 res = build_segs_from_phdrs(ctx, fd, phdrs, num_phdrs);
256 if (res < 0)
257 goto fail;
258 res = check_segs(ctx, can_write_bl);
259 if (res < 0)
260 goto fail;
261
66d6ba70 262 free(phdrs);
8fe1a992 263 fclose(fd);
264 ctx->filename = name;
265 return 0;
266
267fail:
268 if (phdrs)
269 free(phdrs);
270 if (fd)
271 fclose(fd);
272 flash_free(ctx);
273 return -1;
274}
6e4d4ee6 275
8fe1a992 276// Get the state of the proxmark, backwards compatible
277static int get_proxmark_state(uint32_t *state)
6e4d4ee6 278{
28fdb04f 279 UsbCommand c;
8fe1a992 280 c.cmd = CMD_DEVICE_INFO;
3851172d 281 SendCommand(&c);
28fdb04f 282 UsbCommand resp;
3851172d 283 ReceiveCommand(&resp);
8fe1a992 284
285 // Three outcomes:
286 // 1. The old bootrom code will ignore CMD_DEVICE_INFO, but respond with an ACK
287 // 2. The old os code will respond with CMD_DEBUG_PRINT_STRING and "unknown command"
288 // 3. The new bootrom and os codes will respond with CMD_DEVICE_INFO and flags
289
290 switch (resp.cmd) {
291 case CMD_ACK:
292 *state = DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_BOOTROM;
293 break;
294 case CMD_DEBUG_PRINT_STRING:
295 *state = DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_OS;
296 break;
297 case CMD_DEVICE_INFO:
298 *state = resp.arg[0];
299 break;
300 default:
43534cba 301 fprintf(stderr, "Error: Couldn't get proxmark state, bad response type: 0x%04" PRIx64 "\n", resp.cmd);
8fe1a992 302 return -1;
303 break;
304 }
305
306 return 0;
6e4d4ee6 307}
308
8fe1a992 309// Enter the bootloader to be able to start flashing
3851172d 310static int enter_bootloader(char *serial_port_name)
6e4d4ee6 311{
8fe1a992 312 uint32_t state;
313
314 if (get_proxmark_state(&state) < 0)
315 return -1;
316
317 if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_BOOTROM) {
318 /* Already in flash state, we're done. */
319 return 0;
320 }
321
322 if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_OS) {
323 fprintf(stderr,"Entering bootloader...\n");
28fdb04f 324 UsbCommand c;
8fe1a992 325 memset(&c, 0, sizeof (c));
326
327 if ((state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_BOOTROM_PRESENT)
328 && (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_OSIMAGE_PRESENT))
329 {
330 // New style handover: Send CMD_START_FLASH, which will reset the board
331 // and enter the bootrom on the next boot.
332 c.cmd = CMD_START_FLASH;
28fdb04f 333 SendCommand(&c);
8fe1a992 334 fprintf(stderr,"(Press and release the button only to abort)\n");
335 } else {
336 // Old style handover: Ask the user to press the button, then reset the board
337 c.cmd = CMD_HARDWARE_RESET;
28fdb04f 338 SendCommand(&c);
8fe1a992 339 fprintf(stderr,"Press and hold down button NOW if your bootloader requires it.\n");
340 }
3851172d 341 msleep(100);
342 CloseProxmark();
d8193fa5 343
e654346b 344 fprintf(stderr,"Waiting for Proxmark to reappear on %s",serial_port_name);
3851172d 345 do {
8fe1a992 346 sleep(1);
347 fprintf(stderr, ".");
3851172d 348 } while (!OpenProxmark(0));
8fe1a992 349 fprintf(stderr," Found.\n");
3851172d 350
8fe1a992 351 return 0;
352 }
353
354 fprintf(stderr, "Error: Unknown Proxmark mode\n");
355 return -1;
6e4d4ee6 356}
357
3851172d 358static int wait_for_ack(void)
6e4d4ee6 359{
3851172d 360 UsbCommand ack;
361 ReceiveCommand(&ack);
362 if (ack.cmd != CMD_ACK) {
363 printf("Error: Unexpected reply 0x%04" PRIx64 " (expected ACK)\n", ack.cmd);
8fe1a992 364 return -1;
365 }
366 return 0;
6e4d4ee6 367}
368
8fe1a992 369// Go into flashing mode
3851172d 370int flash_start_flashing(int enable_bl_writes,char *serial_port_name)
6e4d4ee6 371{
8fe1a992 372 uint32_t state;
373
3851172d 374 if (enter_bootloader(serial_port_name) < 0)
8fe1a992 375 return -1;
376
377 if (get_proxmark_state(&state) < 0)
378 return -1;
379
380 if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_UNDERSTANDS_START_FLASH) {
381 // This command is stupid. Why the heck does it care which area we're
382 // flashing, as long as it's not the bootloader area? The mind boggles.
28fdb04f 383 UsbCommand c = {CMD_START_FLASH};
8fe1a992 384
385 if (enable_bl_writes) {
386 c.arg[0] = FLASH_START;
387 c.arg[1] = FLASH_END;
388 c.arg[2] = START_FLASH_MAGIC;
389 } else {
390 c.arg[0] = BOOTLOADER_END;
391 c.arg[1] = FLASH_END;
392 c.arg[2] = 0;
393 }
28fdb04f 394 SendCommand(&c);
8fe1a992 395 return wait_for_ack();
396 } else {
397 fprintf(stderr, "Note: Your bootloader does not understand the new START_FLASH command\n");
398 fprintf(stderr, " It is recommended that you update your bootloader\n\n");
399 }
400
401 return 0;
6e4d4ee6 402}
403
8fe1a992 404static int write_block(uint32_t address, uint8_t *data, uint32_t length)
6e4d4ee6 405{
8fe1a992 406 uint8_t block_buf[BLOCK_SIZE];
407
408 memset(block_buf, 0xFF, BLOCK_SIZE);
409 memcpy(block_buf, data, length);
28fdb04f 410 UsbCommand c;
8fe1a992 411 c.cmd = CMD_FINISH_WRITE;
412 c.arg[0] = address;
28fdb04f 413 memcpy(c.d.asBytes, block_buf, length);
414 SendCommand(&c);
415 return wait_for_ack();
6e4d4ee6 416}
417
8fe1a992 418// Write a file's segments to Flash
419int flash_write(flash_file_t *ctx)
6e4d4ee6 420{
8fe1a992 421 fprintf(stderr, "Writing segments for file: %s\n", ctx->filename);
422 for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++) {
423 flash_seg_t *seg = &ctx->segments[i];
424
425 uint32_t length = seg->length;
426 uint32_t blocks = (length + BLOCK_SIZE - 1) / BLOCK_SIZE;
427 uint32_t end = seg->start + length;
428
429 fprintf(stderr, " 0x%08x..0x%08x [0x%x / %d blocks]",
430 seg->start, end - 1, length, blocks);
431
432 int block = 0;
433 uint8_t *data = seg->data;
434 uint32_t baddr = seg->start;
435
436 while (length) {
437 uint32_t block_size = length;
438 if (block_size > BLOCK_SIZE)
439 block_size = BLOCK_SIZE;
440
441 if (write_block(baddr, data, block_size) < 0) {
442 fprintf(stderr, " ERROR\n");
443 fprintf(stderr, "Error writing block %d of %d\n", block, blocks);
444 return -1;
445 }
446
447 data += block_size;
448 baddr += block_size;
449 length -= block_size;
450 block++;
451 fprintf(stderr, ".");
452 }
453 fprintf(stderr, " OK\n");
454 }
455 return 0;
6e4d4ee6 456}
457
8fe1a992 458// free a file context
459void flash_free(flash_file_t *ctx)
7fe9b0b7 460{
8fe1a992 461 if (!ctx)
462 return;
463 if (ctx->segments) {
464 for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++)
465 free(ctx->segments[i].data);
466 free(ctx->segments);
467 ctx->segments = NULL;
468 ctx->num_segs = 0;
469 }
470}
471
472// just reset the unit
3851172d 473int flash_stop_flashing(void) {
28fdb04f 474 UsbCommand c = {CMD_HARDWARE_RESET};
3851172d 475 SendCommand(&c);
476 msleep(100);
477 return 0;
6e4d4ee6 478}
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