git.zerfleddert.de Git - proxmark3-svn/blob

1 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

3 //

4 // This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or,

5 // at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of

6 // the license.

7 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

8 // ELF file flasher

9 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

11 #include <stdio.h>

12 #include <string.h>

13 #include <stdlib.h>

14 #include <inttypes.h>

15 #include <unistd.h>

16 #include "proxmark3.h"

17 #include "util.h"

18 #include "util_posix.h"

19 #include "flash.h"

20 #include "elf.h"

21 #include "proxendian.h"

22 #include "usb_cmd.h"

23 #include "comms.h"

25 #define FLASH_START 0x100000

26 #define FLASH_SIZE (256*1024)

27 #define FLASH_END (FLASH_START + FLASH_SIZE)

28 #define BOOTLOADER_SIZE 0x2000

29 #define BOOTLOADER_END (FLASH_START + BOOTLOADER_SIZE)

31 #define BLOCK_SIZE 0x200

33 static const uint8_t elf_ident[] = {

         0x7f, 'E', 'L', 'F',

35 ELFCLASS32,

36 ELFDATA2LSB,

37 EV_CURRENT

38 };

41 // Turn PHDRs into flasher segments, checking for PHDR sanity and merging adjacent

42 // unaligned segments if needed

 static int build_segs_from_phdrs(flash_file_t *ctx, FILE *fd, Elf32_Phdr *phdrs, uint16_t num_phdrs)

44 {

45 Elf32_Phdr *phdr = phdrs;

46 flash_seg_t *seg;

47 uint32_t last_end = 0;

         ctx->segments = malloc(sizeof(flash_seg_t) * num_phdrs);

50 if (!ctx->segments) {

                 fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");

52 return -1;

53 }

54 ctx->num_segs = 0;

55 seg = ctx->segments;

         fprintf(stderr, "Loading usable ELF segments:\n");

         for (int i = 0; i < num_phdrs; i++) {

                 if (le32(phdr->p_type) != PT_LOAD) {

60 phdr++;

61 continue;

62 }

                 uint32_t vaddr = le32(phdr->p_vaddr);

                 uint32_t paddr = le32(phdr->p_paddr);

                 uint32_t filesz = le32(phdr->p_filesz);

                 uint32_t memsz = le32(phdr->p_memsz);

                 uint32_t offset = le32(phdr->p_offset);

                 uint32_t flags = le32(phdr->p_flags);

69 if (!filesz) {

70 phdr++;

71 continue;

72 }

                 fprintf(stderr, "%d: V 0x%08x P 0x%08x (0x%08x->0x%08x) [%c%c%c] @0x%x\n",

                         i, vaddr, paddr, filesz, memsz,

                         flags & PF_R ? 'R' : ' ',

                         flags & PF_W ? 'W' : ' ',

                         flags & PF_X ? 'X' : ' ',

78 offset);

79 if (filesz != memsz) {

                         fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDR file size does not equal memory size\n"

81 "(DATA+BSS PHDRs do not make sense on ROM platforms!)\n");

82 return -1;

83 }

84 if (paddr < last_end) {

                         fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDRs not sorted or overlap\n");

86 return -1;

87 }

                 if (paddr < FLASH_START || (paddr+filesz) > FLASH_END) {

                         fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDR is not contained in Flash\n");

90 return -1;

91 }

                 if (vaddr >= FLASH_START && vaddr < FLASH_END && (flags & PF_W)) {

                         fprintf(stderr, "Error: Flash VMA segment is writable\n");

94 return -1;

95 }

97 uint8_t *data;

98 // make extra space if we need to move the data forward

                 data = malloc(filesz + BLOCK_SIZE);

100 if (!data) {

                         fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");

102 return -1;

103 }

                 if (fseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0 || fread(data, 1, filesz, fd) != filesz) {

                         fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading PHDR payload\n");

106 free(data);

107 return -1;

108 }

109

                 uint32_t block_offset = paddr & (BLOCK_SIZE-1);

111 if (block_offset) {

112 if (ctx->num_segs) {

                                 flash_seg_t *prev_seg = seg - 1;

114 uint32_t this_end = paddr + filesz;

                                 uint32_t this_firstblock = paddr & ~(BLOCK_SIZE-1);

                                 uint32_t prev_lastblock = (last_end - 1) & ~(BLOCK_SIZE-1);

117

118 if (this_firstblock == prev_lastblock) {

                                         uint32_t new_length = this_end - prev_seg->start;

                                         uint32_t this_offset = paddr - prev_seg->start;

                                         uint32_t hole = this_offset - prev_seg->length;

                                         uint8_t *new_data = malloc(new_length);

123 if (!new_data) {

                                                 fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");

125 free(data);

126 return -1;

127 }

                                         memset(new_data, 0xff, new_length);

                                         memcpy(new_data, prev_seg->data, prev_seg->length);

                                         memcpy(new_data + this_offset, data, filesz);

                                         fprintf(stderr, "Note: Extending previous segment from 0x%x to 0x%x bytes\n",

132 prev_seg->length, new_length);

133 if (hole)

                                                 fprintf(stderr, "Note: 0x%x-byte hole created\n", hole);

135 free(data);

136 free(prev_seg->data);

137 prev_seg->data = new_data;

138 prev_seg->length = new_length;

139 last_end = this_end;

140 phdr++;

141 continue;

142 }

143 }

                         fprintf(stderr, "Warning: segment does not begin on a block boundary, will pad\n");

                         memmove(data + block_offset, data, filesz);

                         memset(data, 0xFF, block_offset);

147 filesz += block_offset;

148 paddr -= block_offset;

149 }

150

151 seg->data = data;

152 seg->start = paddr;

153 seg->length = filesz;

154 seg++;

155 ctx->num_segs++;

156

157 last_end = paddr + filesz;

158 phdr++;

159 }

160 return 0;

161 }

162

163 // Sanity check segments and check for bootloader writes

 static int check_segs(flash_file_t *ctx, int can_write_bl) {

         for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++) {

                 flash_seg_t *seg = &ctx->segments[i];

167

                 if (seg->start & (BLOCK_SIZE-1)) {

                         fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is not aligned\n");

170 return -1;

171 }

                 if (seg->start < FLASH_START) {

                         fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is outside of flash bounds\n");

174 return -1;

175 }

                 if (seg->start + seg->length > FLASH_END) {

                         fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is outside of flash bounds\n");

178 return -1;

179 }

                 if (!can_write_bl && seg->start < BOOTLOADER_END) {

                         fprintf(stderr, "Attempted to write bootloader but bootloader writes are not enabled\n");

182 return -1;

183 }

184 }

185 return 0;

186 }

187

188 // Load an ELF file and prepare it for flashing

 int flash_load(flash_file_t *ctx, const char *name, bool can_write_bl)

190 {

191 FILE *fd = NULL;

192 Elf32_Ehdr ehdr;

193 Elf32_Phdr *phdrs = NULL;

194 uint16_t num_phdrs;

195 int res;

196

         fd = fopen(name, "rb");

198 if (!fd) {

                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open file '%s': ", name);

200 perror(NULL);

201 goto fail;

202 }

203

         fprintf(stderr, "Loading ELF file '%s'...\n", name);

205

         if (fread(&ehdr, sizeof(ehdr), 1, fd) != 1) {

                 fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF file header\n");

208 goto fail;

209 }

         if (memcmp(ehdr.e_ident, elf_ident, sizeof(elf_ident))

                 || le32(ehdr.e_version) != 1)

212 {

                 fprintf(stderr, "Not an ELF file or wrong ELF type\n");

214 goto fail;

215 }

         if (le16(ehdr.e_type) != ET_EXEC) {

                 fprintf(stderr, "ELF is not executable\n");

218 goto fail;

219 }

         if (le16(ehdr.e_machine) != EM_ARM) {

                 fprintf(stderr, "Wrong ELF architecture\n");

222 goto fail;

223 }

         if (!ehdr.e_phnum || !ehdr.e_phoff) {

                 fprintf(stderr, "ELF has no PHDRs\n");

226 goto fail;

227 }

         if (le16(ehdr.e_phentsize) != sizeof(Elf32_Phdr)) {

229 // could be a structure padding issue...

                 fprintf(stderr, "Either the ELF file or this code is made of fail\n");

231 goto fail;

232 }

         num_phdrs = le16(ehdr.e_phnum);

234

         phdrs = malloc(le16(ehdr.e_phnum) * sizeof(Elf32_Phdr));

236 if (!phdrs) {

                 fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");

238 goto fail;

239 }

         if (fseek(fd, le32(ehdr.e_phoff), SEEK_SET) < 0) {

                 fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF PHDRs\n");

242 goto fail;

243 }

         if (fread(phdrs, sizeof(Elf32_Phdr), num_phdrs, fd) != num_phdrs) {

                 fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF PHDRs\n");

246 goto fail;

247 }

248

         res = build_segs_from_phdrs(ctx, fd, phdrs, num_phdrs);

         if (res < 0)

251 goto fail;

         res = check_segs(ctx, can_write_bl);

         if (res < 0)

254 goto fail;

255

256 free(phdrs);

257 fclose(fd);

258 ctx->filename = name;

259 return 0;

260

261 fail:

262 if (phdrs)

263 free(phdrs);

264 if (fd)

265 fclose(fd);

266 flash_free(ctx);

267 return -1;

268 }

269

270 // Get the state of the proxmark, backwards compatible

 static int get_proxmark_state(uint32_t *state)

272 {

273 UsbCommand c = {0};

274 c.cmd = CMD_DEVICE_INFO;

275 SendCommand(&c);

276 UsbCommand resp;

         WaitForResponse(CMD_UNKNOWN, &resp);  // wait for any response. No timeout.

278

279 // Three outcomes:

280 // 1. The old bootrom code will ignore CMD_DEVICE_INFO, but respond with an ACK

281 // 2. The old os code will respond with CMD_DEBUG_PRINT_STRING and "unknown command"

282 // 3. The new bootrom and os codes will respond with CMD_DEVICE_INFO and flags

283

284 switch (resp.cmd) {

285 case CMD_ACK:

286 *state = DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_BOOTROM;

287 break;

288 case CMD_DEBUG_PRINT_STRING:

289 *state = DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_OS;

290 break;

291 case CMD_DEVICE_INFO:

                         *state = resp.arg[0];

293 break;

294 default:

                         fprintf(stderr, "Error: Couldn't get proxmark state, bad response type: 0x%04" PRIx64 "\n", resp.cmd);

296 return -1;

297 break;

298 }

299

300 return 0;

301 }

302

303 // Enter the bootloader to be able to start flashing

 static int enter_bootloader(char *serial_port_name)

305 {

306 uint32_t state;

307

         if (get_proxmark_state(&state) < 0)

309 return -1;

310

311 if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_BOOTROM) {

312 /* Already in flash state, we're done. */

313 return 0;

314 }

315

316 if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_OS) {

                 fprintf(stderr,"Entering bootloader...\n");

318 UsbCommand c;

                 memset(&c, 0, sizeof (c));

320

321 if ((state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_BOOTROM_PRESENT)

322 && (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_OSIMAGE_PRESENT))

323 {

324 // New style handover: Send CMD_START_FLASH, which will reset the board

325 // and enter the bootrom on the next boot.

326 c.cmd = CMD_START_FLASH;

327 SendCommand(&c);

                         fprintf(stderr,"(Press and release the button only to abort)\n");

329 } else {

330 // Old style handover: Ask the user to press the button, then reset the board

331 c.cmd = CMD_HARDWARE_RESET;

332 SendCommand(&c);

                         fprintf(stderr,"Press and hold down button NOW if your bootloader requires it.\n");

334 }

335

336 msleep(100);

337 CloseProxmark();

338

                 bool opened = OpenProxmark(serial_port_name, true, 120, true);   // wait for 2 minutes

340 if (opened) {

                         fprintf(stderr," Found.\n");

342 return 0;

343 } else {

                         fprintf(stderr,"Error: Proxmark not found.\n");

345 return -1;

346 }

347 }

348

         fprintf(stderr, "Error: Unknown Proxmark mode\n");

350 return -1;

351 }

352

 static int wait_for_ack(void)

354 {

355 UsbCommand ack;

356 WaitForResponse(CMD_UNKNOWN, &ack);

         if (ack.cmd != CMD_ACK) {

                 printf("Error: Unexpected reply 0x%04" PRIx64 " (expected ACK)\n", ack.cmd);

359 return -1;

360 }

361 return 0;

362 }

363

364 // Go into flashing mode

 int flash_start_flashing(int enable_bl_writes,char *serial_port_name)

366 {

367 uint32_t state;

368

         if (enter_bootloader(serial_port_name) < 0)

370 return -1;

371

         if (get_proxmark_state(&state) < 0)

373 return -1;

374

375 if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_UNDERSTANDS_START_FLASH) {

376 // This command is stupid. Why the heck does it care which area we're

377 // flashing, as long as it's not the bootloader area? The mind boggles.

378 UsbCommand c = {CMD_START_FLASH};

379

380 if (enable_bl_writes) {

                         c.arg[0] = FLASH_START;

                         c.arg[1] = FLASH_END;

                         c.arg[2] = START_FLASH_MAGIC;

384 } else {

                         c.arg[0] = BOOTLOADER_END;

                         c.arg[1] = FLASH_END;

                         c.arg[2] = 0;

388 }

389 SendCommand(&c);

390 return wait_for_ack();

391 } else {

                 fprintf(stderr, "Note: Your bootloader does not understand the new START_FLASH command\n");

                 fprintf(stderr, "      It is recommended that you update your bootloader\n\n");

394 }

395

396 return 0;

397 }

398

 static int write_block(uint32_t address, uint8_t *data, uint32_t length)

400 {

401 uint8_t block_buf[BLOCK_SIZE];

402

         memset(block_buf, 0xFF, BLOCK_SIZE);

         memcpy(block_buf, data, length);

405 UsbCommand c;

406 c.cmd = CMD_FINISH_WRITE;

         c.arg[0] = address;

         memcpy(c.d.asBytes, block_buf, length);

409 SendCommand(&c);

410 return wait_for_ack();

411 }

412

413 // Write a file's segments to Flash

 int flash_write(flash_file_t *ctx)

415 {

         fprintf(stderr, "Writing segments for file: %s\n", ctx->filename);

         for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++) {

                 flash_seg_t *seg = &ctx->segments[i];

419

420 uint32_t length = seg->length;

                 uint32_t blocks = (length + BLOCK_SIZE - 1) / BLOCK_SIZE;

                 uint32_t end = seg->start + length;

423

                 fprintf(stderr, " 0x%08x..0x%08x [0x%x / %d blocks]",

                         seg->start, end - 1, length, blocks);

426

427 int block = 0;

                 uint8_t *data = seg->data;

429 uint32_t baddr = seg->start;

430

431 while (length) {

432 uint32_t block_size = length;

433 if (block_size > BLOCK_SIZE)

434 block_size = BLOCK_SIZE;

435

                         if (write_block(baddr, data, block_size) < 0) {

                                 fprintf(stderr, " ERROR\n");

                                 fprintf(stderr, "Error writing block %d of %d\n", block, blocks);

439 return -1;

440 }

441

442 data += block_size;

443 baddr += block_size;

444 length -= block_size;

445 block++;

                         fprintf(stderr, ".");

447 }

                 fprintf(stderr, " OK\n");

449 }

450 return 0;

451 }

452

453 // free a file context

 void flash_free(flash_file_t *ctx)

455 {

456 if (!ctx)

457 return;

458 if (ctx->segments) {

                 for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++)

                         free(ctx->segments[i].data);

461 free(ctx->segments);

462 ctx->segments = NULL;

463 ctx->num_segs = 0;

464 }

465 }

466

467 // just reset the unit

 int flash_stop_flashing(void) {

469 UsbCommand c = {CMD_HARDWARE_RESET};

470 SendCommand(&c);

471 msleep(100);

472 return 0;

473 }