[proxmark3-svn] / client / flash.c

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (C) 2010 Hector Martin "marcan" <marcan@marcansoft.com>
//
// This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or,
// at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of
// the license.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// ELF file flasher
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "proxmark3.h"
#include "sleep.h"
#include "flash.h"
#include "elf.h"
#include "proxendian.h"
#include "usb_cmd.h"
#include "at91sam7s512.h"

void SendCommand(UsbCommand* txcmd);
void ReceiveCommand(UsbCommand* rxcmd);
void CloseProxmark();
int OpenProxmark(size_t i);

// FIXME: what the fuckity fuck
unsigned int current_command = CMD_UNKNOWN;

#define FLASH_START            0x100000

#ifdef HAS_512_FLASH
# define FLASH_SIZE             (512*1024)
#else
# define FLASH_SIZE             (256*1024)
#endif

#define FLASH_END              (FLASH_START + FLASH_SIZE)
#define BOOTLOADER_SIZE        0x2000
#define BOOTLOADER_END         (FLASH_START + BOOTLOADER_SIZE)

#define BLOCK_SIZE             0x200

static const uint8_t elf_ident[] = {
	0x7f, 'E', 'L', 'F',
	ELFCLASS32,
	ELFDATA2LSB,
	EV_CURRENT
};

// Turn PHDRs into flasher segments, checking for PHDR sanity and merging adjacent
// unaligned segments if needed
static int build_segs_from_phdrs(flash_file_t *ctx, FILE *fd, Elf32_Phdr *phdrs, int num_phdrs)
{
	Elf32_Phdr *phdr = phdrs;
	flash_seg_t *seg;
	uint32_t last_end = 0;

	ctx->segments = malloc(sizeof(flash_seg_t) * num_phdrs);
	if (!ctx->segments) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
		return -1;
	}
	ctx->num_segs = 0;
	seg = ctx->segments;

	fprintf(stderr, "Loading usable ELF segments:\n");
	for (int i = 0; i < num_phdrs; i++) {
		if (le32(phdr->p_type) != PT_LOAD) {
			phdr++;
			continue;
		}
		uint32_t vaddr = le32(phdr->p_vaddr);
		uint32_t paddr = le32(phdr->p_paddr);
		uint32_t filesz = le32(phdr->p_filesz);
		uint32_t memsz = le32(phdr->p_memsz);
		uint32_t offset = le32(phdr->p_offset);
		uint32_t flags = le32(phdr->p_flags);
		if (!filesz) {
			phdr++;
			continue;
		}
		fprintf(stderr, "%d: V 0x%08x P 0x%08x (0x%08x->0x%08x) [%c%c%c] @0x%x\n",
		        i, vaddr, paddr, filesz, memsz,
		        flags & PF_R ? 'R' : ' ',
		        flags & PF_W ? 'W' : ' ',
		        flags & PF_X ? 'X' : ' ',
		        offset);
		if (filesz != memsz) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDR file size does not equal memory size\n"
			                "(DATA+BSS PHDRs do not make sense on ROM platforms!)\n");
			return -1;
		}
		if (paddr < last_end) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDRs not sorted or overlap\n");
			return -1;
		}
		if (paddr < FLASH_START || (paddr+filesz) > FLASH_END) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDR is not contained in Flash\n");
			return -1;
		}
		if (vaddr >= FLASH_START && vaddr < FLASH_END && (flags & PF_W)) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error: Flash VMA segment is writable\n");
			return -1;
		}

		uint8_t *data;
		// make extra space if we need to move the data forward
		data = malloc(filesz + BLOCK_SIZE);
		if (!data) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
			return -1;
		}
		if (fseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0 || fread(data, 1, filesz, fd) != filesz) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading PHDR payload\n");
			free(data);
			return -1;
		}

		uint32_t block_offset = paddr & (BLOCK_SIZE-1);
		if (block_offset) {
			if (ctx->num_segs) {
				flash_seg_t *prev_seg = seg - 1;
				uint32_t this_end = paddr + filesz;
				uint32_t this_firstblock = paddr & ~(BLOCK_SIZE-1);
				uint32_t prev_lastblock = (last_end - 1) & ~(BLOCK_SIZE-1);

				if (this_firstblock == prev_lastblock) {
					uint32_t new_length = this_end - prev_seg->start;
					uint32_t this_offset = paddr - prev_seg->start;
					uint32_t hole = this_offset - prev_seg->length;
					uint8_t *new_data = malloc(new_length);
					if (!new_data) {
						fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
						free(data);
						return -1;
					}
					memset(new_data, 0xff, new_length);
					memcpy(new_data, prev_seg->data, prev_seg->length);
					memcpy(new_data + this_offset, data, filesz);
					fprintf(stderr, "Note: Extending previous segment from 0x%x to 0x%x bytes\n",
					        prev_seg->length, new_length);
					if (hole)
						fprintf(stderr, "Note: 0x%x-byte hole created\n", hole);
					free(data);
					free(prev_seg->data);
					prev_seg->data = new_data;
					prev_seg->length = new_length;
					last_end = this_end;
					phdr++;
					continue;
				}
			}
			fprintf(stderr, "Warning: segment does not begin on a block boundary, will pad\n");
			memmove(data + block_offset, data, filesz);
			memset(data, 0xFF, block_offset);
			filesz += block_offset;
			paddr -= block_offset;
		}

		seg->data = data;
		seg->start = paddr;
		seg->length = filesz;
		seg++;
		ctx->num_segs++;

		last_end = paddr + filesz;
		phdr++;
	}
	return 0;
}

// Sanity check segments and check for bootloader writes
static int check_segs(flash_file_t *ctx, int can_write_bl) {
	for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++) {
		flash_seg_t *seg = &ctx->segments[i];

		if (seg->start & (BLOCK_SIZE-1)) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is not aligned\n");
			return -1;
		}
		if (seg->start < FLASH_START) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is outside of flash bounds\n");
			return -1;
		}
		if (seg->start + seg->length > FLASH_END) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is outside of flash bounds\n");
			return -1;
		}
		if (!can_write_bl && seg->start < BOOTLOADER_END) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Attempted to write bootloader but bootloader writes are not enabled\n");
			return -1;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

// Load an ELF file and prepare it for flashing
int flash_load(flash_file_t *ctx, const char *name, int can_write_bl)
{
	FILE *fd = NULL;
	Elf32_Ehdr ehdr;
	Elf32_Phdr *phdrs = NULL;
	int num_phdrs;
	int res;

	fd = fopen(name, "rb");
	if (!fd) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not open file '%s': ", name);
		perror(NULL);
		goto fail;
	}

	fprintf(stderr, "Loading ELF file '%s'...\n", name);

	if (fread(&ehdr, sizeof(ehdr), 1, fd) != 1) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF file header\n");
		goto fail;
	}
	if (memcmp(ehdr.e_ident, elf_ident, sizeof(elf_ident))
		|| le32(ehdr.e_version) != 1)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "Not an ELF file or wrong ELF type\n");
		goto fail;
	}
	if (le16(ehdr.e_type) != ET_EXEC) {
		fprintf(stderr, "ELF is not executable\n");
		goto fail;
	}
	if (le16(ehdr.e_machine) != EM_ARM) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Wrong ELF architecture\n");
		goto fail;
	}
	if (!ehdr.e_phnum || !ehdr.e_phoff) {
		fprintf(stderr, "ELF has no PHDRs\n");
		goto fail;
	}
	if (le16(ehdr.e_phentsize) != sizeof(Elf32_Phdr)) {
		// could be a structure padding issue...
		fprintf(stderr, "Either the ELF file or this code is made of fail\n");
		goto fail;
	}
	num_phdrs = le16(ehdr.e_phnum);

	phdrs = malloc(le16(ehdr.e_phnum) * sizeof(Elf32_Phdr));
	if (!phdrs) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
		goto fail;
	}
	if (fseek(fd, le32(ehdr.e_phoff), SEEK_SET) < 0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF PHDRs\n");
		goto fail;
	}
	if (fread(phdrs, sizeof(Elf32_Phdr), num_phdrs, fd) != num_phdrs) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF PHDRs\n");
		goto fail;
	}

	res = build_segs_from_phdrs(ctx, fd, phdrs, num_phdrs);
	if (res < 0)
		goto fail;
	res = check_segs(ctx, can_write_bl);
	if (res < 0)
		goto fail;

	free(phdrs);
	fclose(fd);
	ctx->filename = name;
	return 0;

fail:
	if (phdrs)
		free(phdrs);
	if (fd)
		fclose(fd);
	flash_free(ctx);
	return -1;
}

// Get the state of the proxmark, backwards compatible
static int get_proxmark_state(uint32_t *state)
{
	UsbCommand c;
	c.cmd = CMD_DEVICE_INFO;
	SendCommand(&c);
	UsbCommand resp;
	ReceiveCommand(&resp);

	// Three outcomes:
	// 1. The old bootrom code will ignore CMD_DEVICE_INFO, but respond with an ACK
	// 2. The old os code will respond with CMD_DEBUG_PRINT_STRING and "unknown command"
	// 3. The new bootrom and os codes will respond with CMD_DEVICE_INFO and flags

	switch (resp.cmd) {
		case CMD_ACK:
			*state = DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_BOOTROM;
			break;
		case CMD_DEBUG_PRINT_STRING:
			*state = DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_OS;
			break;
		case CMD_DEVICE_INFO:
			*state = resp.arg[0];
			break;
		default:
			fprintf(stderr, "Error: Couldn't get proxmark state, bad response type: 0x%04" PRIx64 "\n", resp.cmd);
			return -1;
			break;
	}

	return 0;
}

// Enter the bootloader to be able to start flashing
static int enter_bootloader(char *serial_port_name)
{
	uint32_t state;

	if (get_proxmark_state(&state) < 0)
		return -1;

	/* Already in flash state, we're done. */
	if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_BOOTROM)
		return 0;

	if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_OS) {
		fprintf(stderr,"Entering bootloader...\n");
		UsbCommand c;
		memset(&c, 0, sizeof (c));

		if ((state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_BOOTROM_PRESENT)
			&& (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_OSIMAGE_PRESENT)) {
			// New style handover: Send CMD_START_FLASH, which will reset the board
			// and enter the bootrom on the next boot.
			c.cmd = CMD_START_FLASH;
			SendCommand(&c);
			fprintf(stderr,"(Press and release the button only to abort)\n");
		} else {
			// Old style handover: Ask the user to press the button, then reset the board
			c.cmd = CMD_HARDWARE_RESET;
			SendCommand(&c);
			fprintf(stderr,"Press and hold down button NOW if your bootloader requires it.\n");
		}
		msleep(100);
		CloseProxmark();

		fprintf(stderr,"Waiting for Proxmark to reappear on %s",serial_port_name);
		do {
			sleep(1);
			fprintf(stderr, ".");
		} while (!OpenProxmark(0));
		fprintf(stderr," Found.\n");
		return 0;
	}

	fprintf(stderr, "Error: Unknown Proxmark mode\n");
	return -1;
}

static int wait_for_ack(UsbCommand *ack) 
{
	ReceiveCommand(ack);
	if (ack->cmd != CMD_ACK) {
		printf("Error: Unexpected reply 0x%04" PRIx64 " %s (expected ACK)\n", ack->cmd, (ack->cmd==CMD_NACK)?"NACK":"");
		return -1;
	}
	return 0;
}

// Go into flashing mode
int flash_start_flashing(int enable_bl_writes,char *serial_port_name)
{
	uint32_t state;

	if (enter_bootloader(serial_port_name) < 0)
		return -1;

	if (get_proxmark_state(&state) < 0)
		return -1;

	if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_UNDERSTANDS_START_FLASH) {
		// This command is stupid. Why the heck does it care which area we're
		// flashing, as long as it's not the bootloader area? The mind boggles.
		UsbCommand c = {CMD_START_FLASH};

		if (enable_bl_writes) {
			c.arg[0] = FLASH_START;
			c.arg[1] = FLASH_END;
			c.arg[2] = START_FLASH_MAGIC;
		} else {
			c.arg[0] = BOOTLOADER_END;
			c.arg[1] = FLASH_END;
			c.arg[2] = 0;
		}
		SendCommand(&c);
		return wait_for_ack(&c);
	} else {
		fprintf(stderr, "Note: Your bootloader does not understand the new START_FLASH command\n");
		fprintf(stderr, "      It is recommended that you update your bootloader\n\n");
	}

	return 0;
}

static int write_block(uint32_t address, uint8_t *data, uint32_t length)
{
	uint8_t block_buf[BLOCK_SIZE];
	memset(block_buf, 0xFF, BLOCK_SIZE);
	memcpy(block_buf, data, length);
	UsbCommand c = {CMD_FINISH_WRITE, {address, 0, 0}};
	memcpy(c.d.asBytes, block_buf, length);
	SendCommand(&c);
	int ret = wait_for_ack(&c);
	if (ret && c.arg[0]) {
		uint32_t lock_bits = c.arg[0] >> 16;
		bool lock_error = c.arg[0] & AT91C_MC_LOCKE;
		bool prog_error = c.arg[0] & AT91C_MC_PROGE;
		bool security_bit = c.arg[0] & AT91C_MC_SECURITY;
		printf("%s", lock_error ? "       Lock Error\n" : "");
		printf("%s", prog_error ? "       Invalid Command or bad Keyword\n" : "");
		printf("%s", security_bit ? "       Security Bit is set!\n" : "");
		printf("       Lock Bits:      0x%04x\n", lock_bits);
	}
	return ret;
}

// Write a file's segments to Flash
int flash_write(flash_file_t *ctx)
{
	fprintf(stderr, "Writing segments for file: %s\n", ctx->filename);
	for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++) {
		flash_seg_t *seg = &ctx->segments[i];

		uint32_t length = seg->length;
		uint32_t blocks = (length + BLOCK_SIZE - 1) / BLOCK_SIZE;
		uint32_t end = seg->start + length;

		fprintf(stderr, " 0x%08x..0x%08x [0x%x / %d blocks]",
		        seg->start, end - 1, length, blocks);

		int block = 0;
		uint8_t *data = seg->data;
		uint32_t baddr = seg->start;

		while (length) {
			uint32_t block_size = length;
			if (block_size > BLOCK_SIZE)
				block_size = BLOCK_SIZE;

			if (write_block(baddr, data, block_size) < 0) {
				fprintf(stderr, " ERROR\n");
				fprintf(stderr, "Error writing block %d of %d\n", block, blocks);
				return -1;
			}

			data += block_size;
			baddr += block_size;
			length -= block_size;
			block++;
			fprintf(stderr, ".");
		}
		fprintf(stderr, " OK\n");
	}
	return 0;
}

// free a file context
void flash_free(flash_file_t *ctx)
{
	if (!ctx)
		return;
	if (ctx->segments) {
		for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++)
			free(ctx->segments[i].data);
		free(ctx->segments);
		ctx->segments = NULL;
		ctx->num_segs = 0;
	}
}

// just reset the unit
int flash_stop_flashing(void) {
	UsbCommand c = {CMD_HARDWARE_RESET};
	SendCommand(&c);
	msleep(100);
	return 0;
}
Commit	Line	Data
a553f267	1	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
8fe1a992	2	// Copyright (C) 2010 Hector Martin "marcan" <marcan@marcansoft.com>
8fe1a992	3	//
a553f267	4	// This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or,
	5	// at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of
	6	// the license.
	7	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
8fe1a992	8	// ELF file flasher
a553f267	9	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
a553f267	10
6e4d4ee6	11	#include <stdio.h>
6e4d4ee6	12	#include <string.h>
83a9b236	13	#include <stdlib.h>
125a98a1	14	#include "proxmark3.h"
4cd41f34	15	#include "sleep.h"
6e4d4ee6	16	#include "flash.h"
2cab856f	17	#include "elf.h"
8fe1a992	18	#include "proxendian.h"
28fdb04f	19	#include "usb_cmd.h"
7838f4be	20	#include "at91sam7s512.h"
28fdb04f	21
	22	void SendCommand(UsbCommand* txcmd);
	23	void ReceiveCommand(UsbCommand* rxcmd);
	24	void CloseProxmark();
	25	int OpenProxmark(size_t i);
6e4d4ee6	26
0ae6234a	27	// FIXME: what the fuckity fuck
8fe1a992	28	unsigned int current_command = CMD_UNKNOWN;
	29
	30	#define FLASH_START 0x100000
5a085457	31
	32	#ifdef HAS_512_FLASH
	33	# define FLASH_SIZE (512*1024)
	34	#else
	35	# define FLASH_SIZE (256*1024)
	36	#endif
	37
8fe1a992	38	#define FLASH_END (FLASH_START + FLASH_SIZE)
	39	#define BOOTLOADER_SIZE 0x2000
	40	#define BOOTLOADER_END (FLASH_START + BOOTLOADER_SIZE)
	41
28fdb04f	42	#define BLOCK_SIZE 0x200
8fe1a992	43
	44	static const uint8_t elf_ident[] = {
	45	0x7f, 'E', 'L', 'F',
	46	ELFCLASS32,
	47	ELFDATA2LSB,
	48	EV_CURRENT
	49	};
	50
	51	// Turn PHDRs into flasher segments, checking for PHDR sanity and merging adjacent
	52	// unaligned segments if needed
	53	static int build_segs_from_phdrs(flash_file_t ctx, FILE fd, Elf32_Phdr *phdrs, int num_phdrs)
7fe9b0b7	54	{
8fe1a992	55	Elf32_Phdr *phdr = phdrs;
	56	flash_seg_t *seg;
	57	uint32_t last_end = 0;
	58
	59	ctx->segments = malloc(sizeof(flash_seg_t) * num_phdrs);
	60	if (!ctx->segments) {
	61	fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
	62	return -1;
	63	}
	64	ctx->num_segs = 0;
	65	seg = ctx->segments;
	66
	67	fprintf(stderr, "Loading usable ELF segments:\n");
	68	for (int i = 0; i < num_phdrs; i++) {
	69	if (le32(phdr->p_type) != PT_LOAD) {
	70	phdr++;
	71	continue;
	72	}
	73	uint32_t vaddr = le32(phdr->p_vaddr);
	74	uint32_t paddr = le32(phdr->p_paddr);
	75	uint32_t filesz = le32(phdr->p_filesz);
	76	uint32_t memsz = le32(phdr->p_memsz);
	77	uint32_t offset = le32(phdr->p_offset);
	78	uint32_t flags = le32(phdr->p_flags);
	79	if (!filesz) {
	80	phdr++;
	81	continue;
	82	}
	83	fprintf(stderr, "%d: V 0x%08x P 0x%08x (0x%08x->0x%08x) [%c%c%c] @0x%x\n",
	84	i, vaddr, paddr, filesz, memsz,
	85	flags & PF_R ? 'R' : ' ',
	86	flags & PF_W ? 'W' : ' ',
	87	flags & PF_X ? 'X' : ' ',
	88	offset);
	89	if (filesz != memsz) {
	90	fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDR file size does not equal memory size\n"
	91	"(DATA+BSS PHDRs do not make sense on ROM platforms!)\n");
	92	return -1;
	93	}
	94	if (paddr < last_end) {
	95	fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDRs not sorted or overlap\n");
	96	return -1;
	97	}
	98	if (paddr < FLASH_START \|\| (paddr+filesz) > FLASH_END) {
	99	fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDR is not contained in Flash\n");
	100	return -1;
	101	}
	102	if (vaddr >= FLASH_START && vaddr < FLASH_END && (flags & PF_W)) {
	103	fprintf(stderr, "Error: Flash VMA segment is writable\n");
	104	return -1;
	105	}
	106
	107	uint8_t *data;
	108	// make extra space if we need to move the data forward
	109	data = malloc(filesz + BLOCK_SIZE);
	110	if (!data) {
	111	fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
	112	return -1;
	113	}
	114	if (fseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0 \|\| fread(data, 1, filesz, fd) != filesz) {
	115	fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading PHDR payload\n");
	116	free(data);
	117	return -1;
	118	}
119
120	uint32_t block_offset = paddr & (BLOCK_SIZE-1);
121	if (block_offset) {
122	if (ctx->num_segs) {
123	flash_seg_t *prev_seg = seg - 1;
124	uint32_t this_end = paddr + filesz;
125	uint32_t this_firstblock = paddr & ~(BLOCK_SIZE-1);
126	uint32_t prev_lastblock = (last_end - 1) & ~(BLOCK_SIZE-1);
127
128	if (this_firstblock == prev_lastblock) {
129	uint32_t new_length = this_end - prev_seg->start;
130	uint32_t this_offset = paddr - prev_seg->start;
131	uint32_t hole = this_offset - prev_seg->length;
132	uint8_t *new_data = malloc(new_length);
133	if (!new_data) {
134	fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
135	free(data);
136	return -1;
137	}
138	memset(new_data, 0xff, new_length);
139	memcpy(new_data, prev_seg->data, prev_seg->length);
140	memcpy(new_data + this_offset, data, filesz);
141	fprintf(stderr, "Note: Extending previous segment from 0x%x to 0x%x bytes\n",
142	prev_seg->length, new_length);
143	if (hole)
144	fprintf(stderr, "Note: 0x%x-byte hole created\n", hole);
145	free(data);
146	free(prev_seg->data);
147	prev_seg->data = new_data;
148	prev_seg->length = new_length;
149	last_end = this_end;
150	phdr++;
151	continue;
152	}
153	}
154	fprintf(stderr, "Warning: segment does not begin on a block boundary, will pad\n");
155	memmove(data + block_offset, data, filesz);
156	memset(data, 0xFF, block_offset);
157	filesz += block_offset;
158	paddr -= block_offset;
159	}
160
161	seg->data = data;
162	seg->start = paddr;
163	seg->length = filesz;
164	seg++;
165	ctx->num_segs++;
166
167	last_end = paddr + filesz;
168	phdr++;
169	}
170	return 0;
6e4d4ee6	171	}
6e4d4ee6	172
8fe1a992	173	// Sanity check segments and check for bootloader writes
	174	static int check_segs(flash_file_t *ctx, int can_write_bl) {
	175	for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++) {
	176	flash_seg_t *seg = &ctx->segments[i];
	177
	178	if (seg->start & (BLOCK_SIZE-1)) {
	179	fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is not aligned\n");
	180	return -1;
	181	}
	182	if (seg->start < FLASH_START) {
	183	fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is outside of flash bounds\n");
	184	return -1;
	185	}
	186	if (seg->start + seg->length > FLASH_END) {
	187	fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is outside of flash bounds\n");
	188	return -1;
	189	}
	190	if (!can_write_bl && seg->start < BOOTLOADER_END) {
	191	fprintf(stderr, "Attempted to write bootloader but bootloader writes are not enabled\n");
	192	return -1;
	193	}
	194	}
	195	return 0;
	196	}
	197
	198	// Load an ELF file and prepare it for flashing
	199	int flash_load(flash_file_t ctx, const char name, int can_write_bl)
	200	{
	201	FILE *fd = NULL;
	202	Elf32_Ehdr ehdr;
	203	Elf32_Phdr *phdrs = NULL;
	204	int num_phdrs;
	205	int res;
	206
	207	fd = fopen(name, "rb");
	208	if (!fd) {
	209	fprintf(stderr, "Could not open file '%s': ", name);
	210	perror(NULL);
	211	goto fail;
	212	}
	213
	214	fprintf(stderr, "Loading ELF file '%s'...\n", name);
	215
	216	if (fread(&ehdr, sizeof(ehdr), 1, fd) != 1) {
	217	fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF file header\n");
	218	goto fail;
	219	}
	220	if (memcmp(ehdr.e_ident, elf_ident, sizeof(elf_ident))
	221	\|\| le32(ehdr.e_version) != 1)
	222	{
	223	fprintf(stderr, "Not an ELF file or wrong ELF type\n");
	224	goto fail;
	225	}
	226	if (le16(ehdr.e_type) != ET_EXEC) {
	227	fprintf(stderr, "ELF is not executable\n");
	228	goto fail;
	229	}
	230	if (le16(ehdr.e_machine) != EM_ARM) {
	231	fprintf(stderr, "Wrong ELF architecture\n");
	232	goto fail;
	233	}
	234	if (!ehdr.e_phnum \|\| !ehdr.e_phoff) {
	235	fprintf(stderr, "ELF has no PHDRs\n");
	236	goto fail;
237	}
238	if (le16(ehdr.e_phentsize) != sizeof(Elf32_Phdr)) {
239	// could be a structure padding issue...
240	fprintf(stderr, "Either the ELF file or this code is made of fail\n");
241	goto fail;
242	}
243	num_phdrs = le16(ehdr.e_phnum);
244
245	phdrs = malloc(le16(ehdr.e_phnum) * sizeof(Elf32_Phdr));
246	if (!phdrs) {
247	fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
248	goto fail;
249	}
250	if (fseek(fd, le32(ehdr.e_phoff), SEEK_SET) < 0) {
251	fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF PHDRs\n");
252	goto fail;
253	}
254	if (fread(phdrs, sizeof(Elf32_Phdr), num_phdrs, fd) != num_phdrs) {
255	fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF PHDRs\n");
256	goto fail;
257	}
258
259	res = build_segs_from_phdrs(ctx, fd, phdrs, num_phdrs);
260	if (res < 0)
261	goto fail;
262	res = check_segs(ctx, can_write_bl);
263	if (res < 0)
264	goto fail;
265
66d6ba70	266	free(phdrs);
8fe1a992	267	fclose(fd);
	268	ctx->filename = name;
	269	return 0;
	270
	271	fail:
	272	if (phdrs)
	273	free(phdrs);
	274	if (fd)
	275	fclose(fd);
	276	flash_free(ctx);
	277	return -1;
	278	}
6e4d4ee6	279
8fe1a992	280	// Get the state of the proxmark, backwards compatible
8fe1a992	281	static int get_proxmark_state(uint32_t *state)
6e4d4ee6	282	{
28fdb04f	283	UsbCommand c;
8fe1a992	284	c.cmd = CMD_DEVICE_INFO;
f62b5e12	285	SendCommand(&c);
28fdb04f	286	UsbCommand resp;
8fe1a992	287	ReceiveCommand(&resp);
	288
	289	// Three outcomes:
	290	// 1. The old bootrom code will ignore CMD_DEVICE_INFO, but respond with an ACK
	291	// 2. The old os code will respond with CMD_DEBUG_PRINT_STRING and "unknown command"
	292	// 3. The new bootrom and os codes will respond with CMD_DEVICE_INFO and flags
	293
	294	switch (resp.cmd) {
	295	case CMD_ACK:
	296	*state = DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_BOOTROM;
	297	break;
	298	case CMD_DEBUG_PRINT_STRING:
	299	*state = DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_OS;
	300	break;
	301	case CMD_DEVICE_INFO:
	302	*state = resp.arg[0];
	303	break;
	304	default:
9c624f67	305	fprintf(stderr, "Error: Couldn't get proxmark state, bad response type: 0x%04" PRIx64 "\n", resp.cmd);
8fe1a992	306	return -1;
	307	break;
	308	}
	309
	310	return 0;
6e4d4ee6	311	}
6e4d4ee6	312
8fe1a992	313	// Enter the bootloader to be able to start flashing
e12b82d3	314	static int enter_bootloader(char *serial_port_name)
6e4d4ee6	315	{
8fe1a992	316	uint32_t state;
	317
	318	if (get_proxmark_state(&state) < 0)
	319	return -1;
	320
5ebba500	321	/* Already in flash state, we're done. */
5ebba500	322	if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_BOOTROM)
8fe1a992	323	return 0;
8fe1a992	324
	325	if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_OS) {
	326	fprintf(stderr,"Entering bootloader...\n");
28fdb04f	327	UsbCommand c;
8fe1a992	328	memset(&c, 0, sizeof (c));
	329
	330	if ((state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_BOOTROM_PRESENT)
5ebba500	331	&& (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_OSIMAGE_PRESENT)) {
8fe1a992	332	// New style handover: Send CMD_START_FLASH, which will reset the board
	333	// and enter the bootrom on the next boot.
	334	c.cmd = CMD_START_FLASH;
28fdb04f	335	SendCommand(&c);
8fe1a992	336	fprintf(stderr,"(Press and release the button only to abort)\n");
	337	} else {
	338	// Old style handover: Ask the user to press the button, then reset the board
	339	c.cmd = CMD_HARDWARE_RESET;
28fdb04f	340	SendCommand(&c);
8fe1a992	341	fprintf(stderr,"Press and hold down button NOW if your bootloader requires it.\n");
8fe1a992	342	}
5ebba500	343	msleep(100);
8fe1a992	344	CloseProxmark();
d8193fa5	345
e654346b	346	fprintf(stderr,"Waiting for Proxmark to reappear on %s",serial_port_name);
5ebba500	347	do {
8fe1a992	348	sleep(1);
8fe1a992	349	fprintf(stderr, ".");
d8193fa5	350	} while (!OpenProxmark(0));
8fe1a992	351	fprintf(stderr," Found.\n");
8fe1a992	352	return 0;
	353	}
	354
	355	fprintf(stderr, "Error: Unknown Proxmark mode\n");
	356	return -1;
6e4d4ee6	357	}
6e4d4ee6	358
5ebba500	359	static int wait_for_ack(UsbCommand *ack)
6e4d4ee6	360	{
7838f4be	361	ReceiveCommand(ack);
7838f4be	362	if (ack->cmd != CMD_ACK) {
9c624f67	363	printf("Error: Unexpected reply 0x%04" PRIx64 " %s (expected ACK)\n", ack->cmd, (ack->cmd==CMD_NACK)?"NACK":"");
8fe1a992	364	return -1;
	365	}
	366	return 0;
6e4d4ee6	367	}
6e4d4ee6	368
8fe1a992	369	// Go into flashing mode
e12b82d3	370	int flash_start_flashing(int enable_bl_writes,char *serial_port_name)
6e4d4ee6	371	{
8fe1a992	372	uint32_t state;
8fe1a992	373
e12b82d3	374	if (enter_bootloader(serial_port_name) < 0)
8fe1a992	375	return -1;
	376
	377	if (get_proxmark_state(&state) < 0)
	378	return -1;
	379
	380	if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_UNDERSTANDS_START_FLASH) {
	381	// This command is stupid. Why the heck does it care which area we're
	382	// flashing, as long as it's not the bootloader area? The mind boggles.
28fdb04f	383	UsbCommand c = {CMD_START_FLASH};
8fe1a992	384
	385	if (enable_bl_writes) {
	386	c.arg[0] = FLASH_START;
	387	c.arg[1] = FLASH_END;
	388	c.arg[2] = START_FLASH_MAGIC;
	389	} else {
	390	c.arg[0] = BOOTLOADER_END;
	391	c.arg[1] = FLASH_END;
	392	c.arg[2] = 0;
	393	}
28fdb04f	394	SendCommand(&c);
7838f4be	395	return wait_for_ack(&c);
8fe1a992	396	} else {
	397	fprintf(stderr, "Note: Your bootloader does not understand the new START_FLASH command\n");
	398	fprintf(stderr, " It is recommended that you update your bootloader\n\n");
	399	}
	400
	401	return 0;
6e4d4ee6	402	}
6e4d4ee6	403
8fe1a992	404	static int write_block(uint32_t address, uint8_t *data, uint32_t length)
6e4d4ee6	405	{
8fe1a992	406	uint8_t block_buf[BLOCK_SIZE];
8fe1a992	407	memset(block_buf, 0xFF, BLOCK_SIZE);
8fe1a992	408	memcpy(block_buf, data, length);
5ebba500	409	UsbCommand c = {CMD_FINISH_WRITE, {address, 0, 0}};
28fdb04f	410	memcpy(c.d.asBytes, block_buf, length);
5ebba500	411	SendCommand(&c);
7838f4be	412	int ret = wait_for_ack(&c);
	413	if (ret && c.arg[0]) {
	414	uint32_t lock_bits = c.arg[0] >> 16;
	415	bool lock_error = c.arg[0] & AT91C_MC_LOCKE;
	416	bool prog_error = c.arg[0] & AT91C_MC_PROGE;
	417	bool security_bit = c.arg[0] & AT91C_MC_SECURITY;
5ebba500	418	printf("%s", lock_error ? " Lock Error\n" : "");
	419	printf("%s", prog_error ? " Invalid Command or bad Keyword\n" : "");
	420	printf("%s", security_bit ? " Security Bit is set!\n" : "");
7838f4be	421	printf(" Lock Bits: 0x%04x\n", lock_bits);
	422	}
	423	return ret;
6e4d4ee6	424	}
6e4d4ee6	425
8fe1a992	426	// Write a file's segments to Flash
8fe1a992	427	int flash_write(flash_file_t *ctx)
6e4d4ee6	428	{
8fe1a992	429	fprintf(stderr, "Writing segments for file: %s\n", ctx->filename);
	430	for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++) {
	431	flash_seg_t *seg = &ctx->segments[i];
	432
	433	uint32_t length = seg->length;
	434	uint32_t blocks = (length + BLOCK_SIZE - 1) / BLOCK_SIZE;
	435	uint32_t end = seg->start + length;
	436
	437	fprintf(stderr, " 0x%08x..0x%08x [0x%x / %d blocks]",
	438	seg->start, end - 1, length, blocks);
	439
	440	int block = 0;
	441	uint8_t *data = seg->data;
	442	uint32_t baddr = seg->start;
	443
	444	while (length) {
	445	uint32_t block_size = length;
	446	if (block_size > BLOCK_SIZE)
	447	block_size = BLOCK_SIZE;
	448
	449	if (write_block(baddr, data, block_size) < 0) {
	450	fprintf(stderr, " ERROR\n");
	451	fprintf(stderr, "Error writing block %d of %d\n", block, blocks);
	452	return -1;
	453	}
	454
	455	data += block_size;
	456	baddr += block_size;
	457	length -= block_size;
	458	block++;
	459	fprintf(stderr, ".");
	460	}
	461	fprintf(stderr, " OK\n");
	462	}
	463	return 0;
6e4d4ee6	464	}
6e4d4ee6	465
8fe1a992	466	// free a file context
8fe1a992	467	void flash_free(flash_file_t *ctx)
7fe9b0b7	468	{
8fe1a992	469	if (!ctx)
	470	return;
	471	if (ctx->segments) {
	472	for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++)
	473	free(ctx->segments[i].data);
	474	free(ctx->segments);
	475	ctx->segments = NULL;
	476	ctx->num_segs = 0;
	477	}
	478	}
	479
	480	// just reset the unit
	481	int flash_stop_flashing(void) {
28fdb04f	482	UsbCommand c = {CMD_HARDWARE_RESET};
5ebba500	483	SendCommand(&c);
	484	msleep(100);
	485	return 0;
6e4d4ee6	486	}