git.zerfleddert.de Git - proxmark3-svn/blob - client/loclass/ikeys.c

   1 /*****************************************************************************
   2  * WARNING
   3  *
   4  * THIS CODE IS CREATED FOR EXPERIMENTATION AND EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.
   5  *
   6  * USAGE OF THIS CODE IN OTHER WAYS MAY INFRINGE UPON THE INTELLECTUAL
   7  * PROPERTY OF OTHER PARTIES, SUCH AS INSIDE SECURE AND HID GLOBAL,
   8  * AND MAY EXPOSE YOU TO AN INFRINGEMENT ACTION FROM THOSE PARTIES.
   9  *
  10  * THIS CODE SHOULD NEVER BE USED TO INFRINGE PATENTS OR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS.
  11  *
  12  *****************************************************************************
  13  *
  14  * This file is part of loclass. It is a reconstructon of the cipher engine
  15  * used in iClass, and RFID techology.
  16  *
  17  * The implementation is based on the work performed by
  18  * Flavio D. Garcia, Gerhard de Koning Gans, Roel Verdult and
  19  * Milosch Meriac in the paper "Dismantling IClass".
  20  *
  21  * Copyright (C) 2014 Martin Holst Swende
  22  *
  23  * This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
  24  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published
  25  * by the Free Software Foundation.
  26  *
  27  * This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  28  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  29  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  30  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  31  *
  32  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  33  * along with loclass.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  34  *
  35  *
  36  *
  37  ****************************************************************************/
  38
  39 /**
  40
  41
  42 From "Dismantling iclass":
  43         This section describes in detail the built-in key diversification algorithm of iClass.
  44         Besides the obvious purpose of deriving a card key from a master key, this
  45         algorithm intends to circumvent weaknesses in the cipher by preventing the
  46         usage of certain ‘weak’ keys. In order to compute a diversified key, the iClass
  47         reader first encrypts the card identity id with the master key K, using single
  48         DES. The resulting ciphertext is then input to a function called hash0 which
  49         outputs the diversified key k.
  50
  51         k = hash0(DES enc (id, K))
  52
  53         Here the DES encryption of id with master key K outputs a cryptogram c
  54         of 64 bits. These 64 bits are divided as c = x, y, z [0] , . . . , z [7] ∈ F 82 × F 82 × (F 62 ) 8
  55         which is used as input to the hash0 function. This function introduces some
  56         obfuscation by performing a number of permutations, complement and modulo
  57         operations, see Figure 2.5. Besides that, it checks for and removes patterns like
  58         similar key bytes, which could produce a strong bias in the cipher. Finally, the
  59         output of hash0 is the diversified card key k = k [0] , . . . , k [7] ∈ (F 82 ) 8 .
  60
  61
  62 **/
  63
  64
  65 #include <stdint.h>
  66 #include <stdbool.h>
  67 #include <string.h>
  68 #include <stdio.h>
  69 #include <inttypes.h>
  70 #include "fileutils.h"
  71 #include "cipherutils.h"
  72 #include "des.h"
  73
  74 uint8_t pi[35] = {0x0F,0x17,0x1B,0x1D,0x1E,0x27,0x2B,0x2D,0x2E,0x33,0x35,0x39,0x36,0x3A,0x3C,0x47,0x4B,0x4D,0x4E,0x53,0x55,0x56,0x59,0x5A,0x5C,0x63,0x65,0x66,0x69,0x6A,0x6C,0x71,0x72,0x74,0x78};
  75
  76 static des_context ctx_enc = {DES_ENCRYPT,{0}};
  77 static des_context ctx_dec = {DES_DECRYPT,{0}};
  78
  79 static int debug_print = 0;
  80
  81 /**
  82  * @brief The key diversification algorithm uses 6-bit bytes.
  83  * This implementation uses 64 bit uint to pack seven of them into one
  84  * variable. When they are there, they are placed as follows:
  85  * XXXX XXXX N0 .... N7, occupying the lsat 48 bits.
  86  *
  87  * This function picks out one from such a collection
  88  * @param all
  89  * @param n bitnumber
  90  * @return
  91  */
  92 uint8_t getSixBitByte(uint64_t c, int n)
  93 {
  94         return (c >> (42-6*n)) & 0x3F;
  95 }
  96
  97 /**
  98  * @brief Puts back a six-bit 'byte' into a uint64_t.
  99  * @param c buffer
 100  * @param z the value to place there
 101  * @param n bitnumber.
 102  */
 103 void pushbackSixBitByte(uint64_t *c, uint8_t z, int n)
 104 {
 105         //0x XXXX YYYY ZZZZ ZZZZ ZZZZ
 106         //             ^z0         ^z7
 107         //z0:  1111 1100 0000 0000
 108
 109         uint64_t masked = z & 0x3F;
 110         uint64_t eraser = 0x3F;
 111         masked <<= 42-6*n;
 112         eraser <<= 42-6*n;
 113
 114         //masked <<= 6*n;
 115         //eraser <<= 6*n;
 116
 117         eraser = ~eraser;
 118         (*c) &= eraser;
 119         (*c) |= masked;
 120
 121 }
 122 /**
 123  * @brief Swaps the z-values.
 124  * If the input value has format XYZ0Z1...Z7, the output will have the format
 125  * XYZ7Z6...Z0 instead
 126  * @param c
 127  * @return
 128  */
 129 uint64_t swapZvalues(uint64_t c)
 130 {
 131         uint64_t newz = 0;
 132         pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, getSixBitByte(c,0),7);
 133         pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, getSixBitByte(c,1),6);
 134         pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, getSixBitByte(c,2),5);
 135         pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, getSixBitByte(c,3),4);
 136         pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, getSixBitByte(c,4),3);
 137         pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, getSixBitByte(c,5),2);
 138         pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, getSixBitByte(c,6),1);
 139         pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, getSixBitByte(c,7),0);
 140         newz |= (c & 0xFFFF000000000000);
 141         return newz;
 142 }
 143
 144 /**
 145 * @return 4 six-bit bytes chunked into a uint64_t,as 00..00a0a1a2a3
 146 */
 147 uint64_t ck(int i, int j, uint64_t z)
 148 {
 149
 150         if(i == 1 && j == -1)
 151         {
 152                 // ck(1, −1, z [0] . . . z [3] ) = z [0] . . . z [3]
 153                 return z;
 154
 155         }else if( j == -1)
 156         {
 157                 // ck(i, −1, z [0] . . . z [3] ) = ck(i − 1, i − 2, z [0] . . . z [3] )
 158                 return ck(i-1,i-2, z);
 159         }
 160
 161         if(getSixBitByte(z,i) == getSixBitByte(z,j))
 162         {
 163
 164                 //ck(i, j − 1, z [0] . . . z [i] ← j . . . z [3] )
 165                 uint64_t newz = 0;
 166                 int c;
 167                 for(c = 0; c < 4 ;c++)
 168                 {
 169                         uint8_t val = getSixBitByte(z,c);
 170                         if(c == i)
 171                         {
 172                                 pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, j, c);
 173                         }else
 174                         {
 175                                 pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, val, c);
 176                         }
 177                 }
 178                 return ck(i,j-1,newz);
 179         }else
 180         {
 181                 return ck(i,j-1,z);
 182         }
 183 }
 184 /**
 185
 186         Definition 8.
 187         Let the function check : (F 62 ) 8 → (F 62 ) 8 be defined as
 188         check(z [0] . . . z [7] ) = ck(3, 2, z [0] . . . z [3] ) · ck(3, 2, z [4] . . . z [7] )
 189
 190         where ck : N × N × (F 62 ) 4 → (F 62 ) 4 is defined as
 191
 192                 ck(1, −1, z [0] . . . z [3] ) = z [0] . . . z [3]
 193                 ck(i, −1, z [0] . . . z [3] ) = ck(i − 1, i − 2, z [0] . . . z [3] )
 194                 ck(i, j, z [0] . . . z [3] ) =
 195                 ck(i, j − 1, z [0] . . . z [i] ← j . . . z [3] ),  if z [i] = z [j] ;
 196                 ck(i, j − 1, z [0] . . . z [3] ), otherwise
 197
 198         otherwise.
 199 **/
 200
 201 uint64_t check(uint64_t z)
 202 {
 203         //These 64 bits are divided as c = x, y, z [0] , . . . , z [7]
 204
 205         // ck(3, 2, z [0] . . . z [3] )
 206         uint64_t ck1 = ck(3,2, z );
 207
 208         // ck(3, 2, z [4] . . . z [7] )
 209         uint64_t ck2 = ck(3,2, z << 24);
 210
 211         //The ck function will place the values
 212         // in the middle of z.
 213         ck1 &= 0x00000000FFFFFF000000;
 214         ck2 &= 0x00000000FFFFFF000000;
 215
 216         return ck1 | ck2 >> 24;
 217
 218 }
 219
 220 void permute(BitstreamIn *p_in, uint64_t z,int l,int r, BitstreamOut* out)
 221 {
 222         if(bitsLeft(p_in) == 0)
 223         {
 224                 return;
 225         }
 226         bool pn = tailBit(p_in);
 227         if( pn ) // pn = 1
 228         {
 229                 uint8_t zl = getSixBitByte(z,l);
 230
 231                 push6bits(out, zl+1);
 232                 permute(p_in, z, l+1,r, out);
 233         }else // otherwise
 234         {
 235                 uint8_t zr = getSixBitByte(z,r);
 236
 237                 push6bits(out, zr);
 238                 permute(p_in,z,l,r+1,out);
 239         }
 240 }
 241 void printbegin()
 242 {
 243         if(debug_print <2)
 244                 return ;
 245
 246         prnlog("          | x| y|z0|z1|z2|z3|z4|z5|z6|z7|");
 247 }
 248
 249 void printState(char* desc, uint64_t c)
 250 {
 251         if(debug_print < 2)
 252                 return ;
 253
 254         printf("%s : ", desc);
 255         uint8_t x =     (c & 0xFF00000000000000 ) >> 56;
 256         uint8_t y =     (c & 0x00FF000000000000 ) >> 48;
 257         printf("  %02x %02x", x,y);
 258         int i ;
 259         for(i =0 ; i < 8 ; i++)
 260         {
 261                 printf(" %02x", getSixBitByte(c,i));
 262         }
 263         printf("\n");
 264 }
 265
 266 /**
 267  * @brief
 268  *Definition 11. Let the function hash0 : F 82 × F 82 × (F 62 ) 8 → (F 82 ) 8 be defined as
 269  *      hash0(x, y, z [0] . . . z [7] ) = k [0] . . . k [7] where
 270  * z'[i] = (z[i] mod (63-i)) + i        i =  0...3
 271  * z'[i+4] = (z[i+4] mod (64-i)) + i    i =  0...3
 272  * ẑ = check(z');
 273  * @param c
 274  * @param k this is where the diversified key is put (should be 8 bytes)
 275  * @return
 276  */
 277 void hash0(uint64_t c, uint8_t k[8])
 278 {
 279         c = swapZvalues(c);
 280
 281         printbegin();
 282         printState("origin",c);
 283         //These 64 bits are divided as c = x, y, z [0] , . . . , z [7]
 284         // x = 8 bits
 285         // y = 8 bits
 286         // z0-z7 6 bits each : 48 bits
 287         uint8_t x =     (c & 0xFF00000000000000 ) >> 56;
 288         uint8_t y =     (c & 0x00FF000000000000 ) >> 48;
 289         int n;
 290         uint8_t zn, zn4, _zn, _zn4;
 291         uint64_t zP = 0;
 292
 293         for(n = 0;  n < 4 ; n++)
 294         {
 295                 zn = getSixBitByte(c,n);
 296
 297                 zn4 = getSixBitByte(c,n+4);
 298
 299                 _zn = (zn % (63-n)) + n;
 300                 _zn4 = (zn4 % (64-n)) + n;
 301
 302
 303                 pushbackSixBitByte(&zP, _zn,n);
 304                 pushbackSixBitByte(&zP, _zn4,n+4);
 305
 306         }
 307         printState("0|0|z'",zP);
 308
 309         uint64_t zCaret = check(zP);
 310         printState("0|0|z^",zP);
 311
 312
 313         uint8_t p = pi[x % 35];
 314
 315         if(x & 1) //Check if x7 is 1
 316         {
 317                 p = ~p;
 318         }
 319
 320         if(debug_print >= 2) prnlog("p:%02x", p);
 321
 322         BitstreamIn p_in = { &p, 8,0 };
 323         uint8_t outbuffer[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
 324         BitstreamOut out = {outbuffer,0,0};
 325         permute(&p_in,zCaret,0,4,&out);//returns 48 bits? or 6 8-bytes
 326
 327         //Out is now a buffer containing six-bit bytes, should be 48 bits
 328         // if all went well
 329         //Shift z-values down onto the lower segment
 330
 331     uint64_t zTilde = x_bytes_to_num(outbuffer,8);
 332
 333         zTilde >>= 16;
 334
 335         printState("0|0|z~", zTilde);
 336
 337         int i;
 338         int zerocounter =0 ;
 339         for(i =0 ; i < 8  ; i++)
 340         {
 341
 342                 // the key on index i is first a bit from y
 343                 // then six bits from z,
 344                 // then a bit from p
 345
 346                 // Init with zeroes
 347                 k[i] = 0;
 348                 // First, place yi leftmost in k
 349                 //k[i] |= (y  << i) & 0x80 ;
 350
 351                 // First, place y(7-i) leftmost in k
 352                 k[i] |= (y  << (7-i)) & 0x80 ;
 353
 354
 355
 356                 uint8_t zTilde_i = getSixBitByte(zTilde, i);
 357                 // zTildeI is now on the form 00XXXXXX
 358                 // with one leftshift, it'll be
 359                 // 0XXXXXX0
 360                 // So after leftshift, we can OR it into k
 361                 // However, when doing complement, we need to
 362                 // again MASK 0XXXXXX0 (0x7E)
 363                 zTilde_i <<= 1;
 364
 365                 //Finally, add bit from p or p-mod
 366                 //Shift bit i into rightmost location (mask only after complement)
 367                 uint8_t p_i = p >> i & 0x1;
 368
 369                 if( k[i] )// yi = 1
 370                 {
 371                         //printf("k[%d] +1\n", i);
 372                         k[i] |= ~zTilde_i & 0x7E;
 373                         k[i] |= p_i & 1;
 374                         k[i] += 1;
 375
 376                 }else // otherwise
 377                 {
 378                         k[i] |= zTilde_i & 0x7E;
 379                         k[i] |= (~p_i) & 1;
 380                 }
 381                 if((k[i]  & 1 )== 0)
 382                 {
 383                         zerocounter ++;
 384                 }
 385         }
 386 }
 387 /**
 388  * @brief Performs Elite-class key diversification
 389  * @param csn
 390  * @param key
 391  * @param div_key
 392  */
 393 void diversifyKey(uint8_t csn[8], uint8_t key[8], uint8_t div_key[8])
 394 {
 395
 396         // Prepare the DES key
 397         des_setkey_enc( &ctx_enc, key);
 398
 399         uint8_t crypted_csn[8] = {0};
 400
 401         // Calculate DES(CSN, KEY)
 402         des_crypt_ecb(&ctx_enc,csn, crypted_csn);
 403
 404         //Calculate HASH0(DES))
 405     uint64_t crypt_csn = x_bytes_to_num(crypted_csn, 8);
 406         uint64_t crypted_csn_swapped = swapZvalues(crypt_csn);
 407
 408         hash0(crypt_csn,div_key);
 409 }
 410
 411
 412
 413
 414
 415 void testPermute()
 416 {
 417
 418         uint64_t x = 0;
 419         pushbackSixBitByte(&x,0x00,0);
 420         pushbackSixBitByte(&x,0x01,1);
 421         pushbackSixBitByte(&x,0x02,2);
 422         pushbackSixBitByte(&x,0x03,3);
 423         pushbackSixBitByte(&x,0x04,4);
 424         pushbackSixBitByte(&x,0x05,5);
 425         pushbackSixBitByte(&x,0x06,6);
 426         pushbackSixBitByte(&x,0x07,7);
 427
 428         uint8_t mres[8] = { getSixBitByte(x, 0),
 429                                                 getSixBitByte(x, 1),
 430                                                 getSixBitByte(x, 2),
 431                                                 getSixBitByte(x, 3),
 432                                                 getSixBitByte(x, 4),
 433                                                 getSixBitByte(x, 5),
 434                                                 getSixBitByte(x, 6),
 435                                                 getSixBitByte(x, 7)};
 436         printarr("input_perm", mres,8);
 437
 438         uint8_t p = ~pi[0];
 439         BitstreamIn p_in = { &p, 8,0 };
 440         uint8_t outbuffer[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
 441         BitstreamOut out = {outbuffer,0,0};
 442
 443         permute(&p_in, x,0,4, &out);
 444
 445     uint64_t permuted = x_bytes_to_num(outbuffer,8);
 446         //printf("zTilde 0x%"PRIX64"\n", zTilde);
 447         permuted >>= 16;
 448
 449         uint8_t res[8] = { getSixBitByte(permuted, 0),
 450                                                 getSixBitByte(permuted, 1),
 451                                                 getSixBitByte(permuted, 2),
 452                                                 getSixBitByte(permuted, 3),
 453                                                 getSixBitByte(permuted, 4),
 454                                                 getSixBitByte(permuted, 5),
 455                                                 getSixBitByte(permuted, 6),
 456                                                 getSixBitByte(permuted, 7)};
 457         printarr("permuted", res, 8);
 458 }
 459
 460 //These testcases are
 461 //{ UID , TEMP_KEY, DIV_KEY} using the specific key
 462 typedef struct
 463 {
 464         uint8_t uid[8];
 465         uint8_t t_key[8];
 466         uint8_t div_key[8];
 467 } Testcase;
 468
 469
 470 int testDES(Testcase testcase, des_context ctx_enc, des_context ctx_dec)
 471 {
 472         uint8_t des_encrypted_csn[8] = {0};
 473         uint8_t decrypted[8] = {0};
 474         uint8_t div_key[8] = {0};
 475         int retval = des_crypt_ecb(&ctx_enc,testcase.uid,des_encrypted_csn);
 476         retval |= des_crypt_ecb(&ctx_dec,des_encrypted_csn,decrypted);
 477
 478         if(memcmp(testcase.uid,decrypted,8) != 0)
 479         {
 480                 //Decryption fail
 481                 prnlog("Encryption <-> Decryption FAIL");
 482                 printarr("Input", testcase.uid, 8);
 483                 printarr("Decrypted", decrypted, 8);
 484                 retval = 1;
 485         }
 486
 487         if(memcmp(des_encrypted_csn,testcase.t_key,8) != 0)
 488         {
 489                 //Encryption fail
 490                 prnlog("Encryption != Expected result");
 491                 printarr("Output", des_encrypted_csn, 8);
 492                 printarr("Expected", testcase.t_key, 8);
 493                 retval = 1;
 494         }
 495     uint64_t crypted_csn = x_bytes_to_num(des_encrypted_csn,8);
 496         hash0(crypted_csn, div_key);
 497
 498         if(memcmp(div_key, testcase.div_key ,8) != 0)
 499         {
 500                 //Key diversification fail
 501                 prnlog("Div key != expected result");
 502                 printarr("  csn   ", testcase.uid,8);
 503                 printarr("{csn}   ", des_encrypted_csn,8);
 504                 printarr("hash0   ", div_key, 8);
 505                 printarr("Expected", testcase.div_key, 8);
 506                 retval = 1;
 507
 508         }
 509         return retval;
 510 }
 511 bool des_getParityBitFromKey(uint8_t key)
 512 {//The top 7 bits is used
 513         bool parity = ((key & 0x80) >> 7)
 514                         ^ ((key & 0x40) >> 6) ^ ((key & 0x20) >> 5)
 515                         ^ ((key & 0x10) >> 4) ^ ((key & 0x08) >> 3)
 516                         ^ ((key & 0x04) >> 2) ^ ((key & 0x02) >> 1);
 517         return !parity;
 518 }
 519
 520
 521 void des_checkParity(uint8_t* key)
 522 {
 523         int i;
 524         int fails =0;
 525         for(i =0 ; i < 8 ; i++)
 526         {
 527                 bool parity = des_getParityBitFromKey(key[i]);
 528                 if(parity != (key[i] & 0x1))
 529                 {
 530                         fails++;
 531                         prnlog("[+] parity1 fail, byte %d [%02x] was %d, should be %d",i,key[i],(key[i] & 0x1),parity);
 532                 }
 533         }
 534         if(fails)
 535         {
 536                 prnlog("[+] parity fails: %d", fails);
 537         }else
 538         {
 539                 prnlog("[+] Key syntax is with parity bits inside each byte");
 540         }
 541 }
 542
 543 Testcase testcases[] ={
 544
 545         {{0x8B,0xAC,0x60,0x1F,0x53,0xB8,0xED,0x11},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 546         {{0xAE,0x51,0xE5,0x62,0xE7,0x9A,0x99,0x39},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01},{0x04,0x02,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 547         {{0x9B,0x21,0xE4,0x31,0x6A,0x00,0x29,0x62},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02},{0x06,0x04,0x02,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 548         {{0x65,0x24,0x0C,0x41,0x4F,0xC2,0x21,0x93},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04},{0x0A,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 549         {{0x7F,0xEB,0xAE,0x93,0xE5,0x30,0x08,0xBD},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08},{0x12,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 550         {{0x49,0x7B,0x70,0x74,0x9B,0x35,0x1B,0x83},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10},{0x22,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 551         {{0x02,0x3C,0x15,0x6B,0xED,0xA5,0x64,0x6C},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20},{0x42,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 552         {{0xE8,0x37,0xE0,0xE2,0xC6,0x45,0x24,0xF3},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40},{0x02,0x06,0x04,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 553         {{0xAB,0xBD,0x30,0x05,0x29,0xC8,0xF7,0x12},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80},{0x02,0x08,0x06,0x04,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 554         {{0x17,0xE8,0x97,0xF0,0x99,0xB6,0x79,0x31},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00},{0x02,0x0C,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 555         {{0x49,0xA4,0xF0,0x8F,0x5F,0x96,0x83,0x16},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,0x00},{0x02,0x14,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 556         {{0x60,0xF5,0x7E,0x54,0xAA,0x41,0x83,0xD4},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x00},{0x02,0x24,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 557         {{0x1D,0xF6,0x3B,0x6B,0x85,0x55,0xF0,0x4B},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x00},{0x02,0x44,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 558         {{0x1F,0xDC,0x95,0x1A,0xEA,0x6B,0x4B,0xB4},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x08,0x06,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 559         {{0xEC,0x93,0x72,0xF0,0x3B,0xA9,0xF5,0x0B},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x0A,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 560         {{0xDE,0x57,0x5C,0xBE,0x2D,0x55,0x03,0x12},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x0E,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 561         {{0x1E,0xD2,0xB5,0xCE,0x90,0xC9,0xC1,0xCC},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x16,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 562         {{0xD8,0x65,0x96,0x4E,0xE7,0x74,0x99,0xB8},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x26,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 563         {{0xE3,0x7A,0x29,0x83,0x31,0xD5,0x3A,0x54},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x46,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 564         {{0x3A,0xB5,0x1A,0x34,0x34,0x25,0x12,0xF0},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x0A,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 565         {{0xF2,0x88,0xEE,0x6F,0x70,0x6F,0xC2,0x52},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x0C,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 566         {{0x76,0xEF,0xEB,0x80,0x52,0x43,0x83,0x57},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x10,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 567         {{0x1C,0x09,0x8E,0x3B,0x23,0x23,0x52,0xB5},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x18,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 568         {{0xA9,0x13,0xA2,0xBE,0xCF,0x1A,0xC4,0x9A},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x28,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 569         {{0x25,0x56,0x4B,0xB0,0xC8,0x2A,0xD4,0x27},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x48,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 570         {{0xB1,0x04,0x57,0x3F,0xA7,0x16,0x62,0xD4},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x03,0x01,0x05,0x07}},
 571         {{0x45,0x46,0xED,0xCC,0xE7,0xD3,0x8E,0xA3},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x05,0x03,0x01,0x07}},
 572         {{0x22,0x6D,0xB5,0x35,0xE0,0x5A,0xE0,0x90},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x09,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 573         {{0xB8,0xF5,0xE5,0x44,0xC5,0x98,0x4A,0xBD},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x11,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 574         {{0xAC,0x78,0x0A,0x23,0x9E,0xF6,0xBC,0xA0},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x21,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 575         {{0x46,0x6B,0x2D,0x70,0x41,0x17,0xBF,0x3D},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x41,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 576         {{0x64,0x44,0x24,0x71,0xA2,0x56,0xDF,0xB5},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x05,0x03,0x07}},
 577         {{0xC4,0x00,0x52,0x24,0xA2,0xD6,0x16,0x7A},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x07,0x05,0x03}},
 578         {{0xD8,0x4A,0x80,0x1E,0x95,0x5B,0x70,0xC4},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x0B,0x05,0x07}},
 579         {{0x08,0x56,0x6E,0xB5,0x64,0xD6,0x47,0x4E},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x13,0x05,0x07}},
 580         {{0x41,0x6F,0xBA,0xA4,0xEB,0xAE,0xA0,0x55},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x23,0x05,0x07}},
 581         {{0x62,0x9D,0xDE,0x72,0x84,0x4A,0x53,0xD5},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x43,0x05,0x07}},
 582         {{0x39,0xD3,0x2B,0x66,0xB8,0x08,0x40,0x2E},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x07,0x05}},
 583         {{0xAF,0x67,0xA9,0x18,0x57,0x21,0xAF,0x8D},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x09,0x07}},
 584         {{0x34,0xBC,0x9D,0xBC,0xC4,0xC2,0x3B,0xC8},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x0D,0x07}},
 585         {{0xB6,0x50,0xF9,0x81,0xF6,0xBF,0x90,0x3C},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x15,0x07}},
 586         {{0x71,0x41,0x93,0xA1,0x59,0x81,0xA5,0x52},{0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x25,0x07}},
 587         {{0x6B,0x00,0xBD,0x74,0x1C,0x3C,0xE0,0x1A},{0x00,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x45,0x07}},
 588         {{0x76,0xFD,0x0B,0xD0,0x41,0xD2,0x82,0x5D},{0x00,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x09}},
 589         {{0xC6,0x3A,0x1C,0x25,0x63,0x5A,0x2F,0x0E},{0x00,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x0B}},
 590         {{0xD9,0x0E,0xD7,0x30,0xE2,0xAD,0xA9,0x87},{0x00,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x0F}},
 591         {{0x6B,0x81,0xC6,0xD1,0x05,0x09,0x87,0x1E},{0x00,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x17}},
 592         {{0xB4,0xA7,0x1E,0x02,0x54,0x37,0x43,0x35},{0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x27}},
 593         {{0x45,0x14,0x7C,0x7F,0xE0,0xDE,0x09,0x65},{0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x47}},
 594         {{0x78,0xB0,0xF5,0x20,0x8B,0x7D,0xF3,0xDD},{0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0xFE,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 595         {{0x88,0xB3,0x3C,0xE1,0xF7,0x87,0x42,0xA1},{0x00,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0xFC,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 596         {{0x11,0x2F,0xB2,0xF7,0xE2,0xB2,0x4F,0x6E},{0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0xFA,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 597         {{0x25,0x56,0x4E,0xC6,0xEB,0x2D,0x74,0x5B},{0x00,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0xF8,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 598         {{0x7E,0x98,0x37,0xF9,0x80,0x8F,0x09,0x82},{0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0xFF,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 599         {{0xF9,0xB5,0x62,0x3B,0xD8,0x7B,0x3C,0x3F},{0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0xFD,0x05,0x07}},
 600         {{0x29,0xC5,0x2B,0xFA,0xD1,0xFC,0x5C,0xC7},{0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0xFB,0x07}},
 601         {{0xC1,0xA3,0x09,0x71,0xBD,0x8E,0xAF,0x2F},{0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0xF9}},
 602         {{0xB6,0xDD,0xD1,0xAD,0xAA,0x15,0x6F,0x29},{0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x01,0x03,0x05,0x02,0x07,0x04,0x06,0x08}},
 603         {{0x65,0x34,0x03,0x19,0x17,0xB3,0xA3,0x96},{0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x01,0x06,0x08,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 604         {{0xF9,0x38,0x43,0x56,0x52,0xE5,0xB1,0xA9},{0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x01,0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 605
 606         {{0xA4,0xA0,0xAF,0xDA,0x48,0xB0,0xA1,0x10},{0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x01,0x02,0x04,0x06,0x03,0x08,0x05,0x07}},
 607         {{0x55,0x15,0x8A,0x0D,0x48,0x29,0x01,0xD8},{0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x01,0x06,0x03,0x05,0x08,0x07}},
 608         {{0xC4,0x81,0x96,0x7D,0xA3,0xB7,0x73,0x50},{0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x01,0x02,0x03,0x05,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x07}},
 609         {{0x36,0x73,0xDF,0xC1,0x1B,0x98,0xA8,0x1D},{0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x01,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x05,0x06,0x08,0x07}},
 610         {{0xCE,0xE0,0xB3,0x1B,0x41,0xEB,0x15,0x12},{0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x01,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x06,0x05,0x08,0x07}},
 611         {{0},{0},{0}}
 612 };
 613
 614
 615 int testKeyDiversificationWithMasterkeyTestcases()
 616 {
 617
 618         int error = 0;
 619         int i;
 620
 621         uint8_t empty[8]={0};
 622         prnlog("[+} Testing encryption/decryption");
 623
 624         for (i = 0;  memcmp(testcases+i,empty,8) ; i++) {
 625                 error += testDES(testcases[i],ctx_enc, ctx_dec);
 626         }
 627         if(error)
 628         {
 629                 prnlog("[+] %d errors occurred (%d testcases)", error, i);
 630         }else
 631         {
 632                 prnlog("[+] Hashing seems to work (%d testcases)", i);
 633         }
 634         return error;
 635 }
 636
 637
 638 void print64bits(char*name, uint64_t val)
 639 {
 640         printf("%s%08x%08x\n",name,(uint32_t) (val >> 32) ,(uint32_t) (val & 0xFFFFFFFF));
 641 }
 642
 643 uint64_t testCryptedCSN(uint64_t crypted_csn, uint64_t expected)
 644 {
 645         int retval = 0;
 646         uint8_t result[8] = {0};
 647         if(debug_print) prnlog("debug_print %d", debug_print);
 648         if(debug_print) print64bits("    {csn}      ", crypted_csn );
 649
 650         uint64_t crypted_csn_swapped = swapZvalues(crypted_csn);
 651
 652         if(debug_print) print64bits("    {csn-revz} ", crypted_csn_swapped);
 653
 654         hash0(crypted_csn, result);
 655     uint64_t resultbyte = x_bytes_to_num(result,8 );
 656         if(debug_print) print64bits("    hash0      " , resultbyte );
 657
 658         if(resultbyte != expected )
 659         {
 660
 661                 if(debug_print) {
 662                         prnlog("\n[+] FAIL!");
 663                         print64bits("    expected       " ,  expected );
 664                 }
 665                 retval = 1;
 666
 667         }else
 668         {
 669                 if(debug_print) prnlog(" [OK]");
 670         }
 671         return retval;
 672 }
 673
 674 int testDES2(uint64_t csn, uint64_t expected)
 675 {
 676         uint8_t result[8] = {0};
 677         uint8_t input[8] = {0};
 678
 679         print64bits("   csn ", csn);
 680     x_num_to_bytes(csn, 8,input);
 681
 682         des_crypt_ecb(&ctx_enc,input, result);
 683
 684     uint64_t crypt_csn = x_bytes_to_num(result, 8);
 685         print64bits("   {csn}    ", crypt_csn );
 686         print64bits("   expected ", expected );
 687
 688         if( expected == crypt_csn )
 689         {
 690                 prnlog("[+] OK");
 691                 return 0;
 692         }else
 693         {
 694                 return 1;
 695         }
 696 }
 697
 698 /**
 699  * These testcases come from http://www.proxmark.org/forum/viewtopic.php?pid=10977#p10977
 700  * @brief doTestsWithKnownInputs
 701  * @return
 702  */
 703 int doTestsWithKnownInputs()
 704 {
 705
 706         // KSel from http://www.proxmark.org/forum/viewtopic.php?pid=10977#p10977
 707         int errors = 0;
 708         prnlog("[+] Testing DES encryption");
 709 //      uint8_t key[8] = {0x6c,0x8d,0x44,0xf9,0x2a,0x2d,0x01,0xbf};
 710         prnlog("[+] Testing foo");
 711         uint8_t key[8] = {0x6c,0x8d,0x44,0xf9,0x2a,0x2d,0x01,0xbf};
 712
 713         des_setkey_enc( &ctx_enc, key);
 714         testDES2(0xbbbbaaaabbbbeeee,0xd6ad3ca619659e6b);
 715
 716         prnlog("[+] Testing hashing algorithm");
 717
 718         errors += testCryptedCSN(0x0102030405060708,0x0bdd6512073c460a);
 719         errors += testCryptedCSN(0x1020304050607080,0x0208211405f3381f);
 720         errors += testCryptedCSN(0x1122334455667788,0x2bee256d40ac1f3a);
 721         errors += testCryptedCSN(0xabcdabcdabcdabcd,0xa91c9ec66f7da592);
 722         errors += testCryptedCSN(0xbcdabcdabcdabcda,0x79ca5796a474e19b);
 723         errors += testCryptedCSN(0xcdabcdabcdabcdab,0xa8901b9f7ec76da4);
 724         errors += testCryptedCSN(0xdabcdabcdabcdabc,0x357aa8e0979a5b8d);
 725         errors += testCryptedCSN(0x21ba6565071f9299,0x34e80f88d5cf39ea);
 726         errors += testCryptedCSN(0x14e2adfc5bb7e134,0x6ac90c6508bd9ea3);
 727
 728         if(errors)
 729         {
 730                 prnlog("[+] %d errors occurred (9 testcases)", errors);
 731         }else
 732         {
 733                 prnlog("[+] Hashing seems to work (9 testcases)" );
 734         }
 735         return errors;
 736 }
 737
 738 int readKeyFile(uint8_t key[8])
 739 {
 740         FILE *f;
 741         int retval = 1;
 742         f = fopen("iclass_key.bin", "rb");
 743         if (f)
 744         {
 745                 if(fread(key, sizeof(key), 1, f) == 1) return 0;
 746         }
 747         return retval;
 748 }
 749
 750
 751 int doKeyTests(uint8_t debuglevel)
 752 {
 753         debug_print = debuglevel;
 754
 755         prnlog("[+] Checking if the master key is present (iclass_key.bin)...");
 756         uint8_t key[8] = {0};
 757         if(readKeyFile(key))
 758         {
 759                 prnlog("[+] Master key not present, will not be able to do all testcases");
 760         }else
 761         {
 762
 763                 //Test if it's the right key...
 764                 uint8_t i;
 765                 uint8_t j = 0;
 766                 for(i =0 ; i < sizeof(key) ; i++)
 767                         j += key[i];
 768
 769                 if(j != 185)
 770                 {
 771                         prnlog("[+] A key was loaded, but it does not seem to be the correct one. Aborting these tests");
 772                 }else
 773                 {
 774                         prnlog("[+] Key present");
 775
 776                         prnlog("[+] Checking key parity...");
 777                         des_checkParity(key);
 778                         des_setkey_enc( &ctx_enc, key);
 779                         des_setkey_dec( &ctx_dec, key);
 780                         // Test hashing functions
 781                         prnlog("[+] The following tests require the correct 8-byte master key");
 782                         testKeyDiversificationWithMasterkeyTestcases();
 783                 }
 784         }
 785         prnlog("[+] Testing key diversification with non-sensitive keys...");
 786         doTestsWithKnownInputs();
 787         return 0;
 788 }
 789
 790 /**
 791
 792 void checkParity2(uint8_t* key)
 793 {
 794
 795         uint8_t stored_parity = key[7];
 796         printf("Parity byte: 0x%02x\n", stored_parity);
 797         int i;
 798         int byte;
 799         int fails =0;
 800         BitstreamIn bits = {key, 56, 0};
 801
 802         bool parity = 0;
 803
 804         for(i =0 ; i  < 56; i++)
 805         {
 806
 807                 if ( i > 0 && i % 7 == 0)
 808                 {
 809                         parity = !parity;
 810                         bool pbit = stored_parity & (0x80 >> (byte));
 811                         if(parity != pbit)
 812                         {
 813                                 printf("parity2 fail byte %d, should be %d, was %d\n", (i / 7), parity, pbit);
 814                                 fails++;
 815                         }
 816                         parity =0 ;
 817                         byte = i / 7;
 818                 }
 819                 parity = parity ^ headBit(&bits);
 820         }
 821         if(fails)
 822         {
 823                 printf("parity2 fails: %d\n", fails);
 824         }else
 825         {
 826                 printf("Key syntax is with parity bits grouped in the last byte!\n");
 827         }
 828 }
 829 void modifyKey_put_parity_last(uint8_t * key, uint8_t* output)
 830 {
 831         uint8_t paritybits = 0;
 832         bool parity =0;
 833         BitstreamOut out = { output, 0,0};
 834         unsigned int bbyte, bbit;
 835         for(bbyte=0; bbyte <8 ; bbyte++ )
 836         {
 837                 for(bbit =0 ; bbit< 7 ; bbit++)
 838                 {
 839                         bool bit = *(key+bbyte) & (1 << (7-bbit));
 840                         pushBit(&out,bit);
 841                         parity ^= bit;
 842                 }
 843                 bool paritybit = *(key+bbyte) & 1;
 844                 paritybits |= paritybit << (7-bbyte);
 845                 parity = 0;
 846
 847         }
 848         output[7] = paritybits;
 849         printf("Parity byte: %02x\n", paritybits);
 850 }
 851
 852  * @brief Modifies a key with parity bits last, so that it is formed with parity
 853  *              bits inside each byte
 854  * @param key
 855  * @param output
 856
 857 void modifyKey_put_parity_allover(uint8_t * key, uint8_t* output)
 858 {
 859         bool parity =0;
 860         BitstreamOut out = { output, 0,0};
 861         BitstreamIn in = {key, 0,0};
 862         unsigned int bbyte, bbit;
 863         for(bbit =0 ; bbit < 56 ; bbit++)
 864         {
 865
 866                 if( bbit > 0 && bbit % 7 == 0)
 867                 {
 868                         pushBit(&out,!parity);
 869                         parity = 0;
 870                 }
 871                 bool bit = headBit(&in);
 872                 pushBit(&out,bit );
 873                 parity ^= bit;
 874
 875         }
 876         pushBit(&out, !parity);
 877
 878
 879         if(     des_key_check_key_parity(output))
 880         {
 881                 printf("modifyKey_put_parity_allover fail, DES key invalid parity!");
 882         }
 883
 884 }
 885
 886 */
 887
 888