git.zerfleddert.de Git - proxmark3-svn/blob - client/loclass/ikeys.c

   1 /*****************************************************************************
   2  * WARNING
   3  *
   4  * THIS CODE IS CREATED FOR EXPERIMENTATION AND EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.
   5  *
   6  * USAGE OF THIS CODE IN OTHER WAYS MAY INFRINGE UPON THE INTELLECTUAL
   7  * PROPERTY OF OTHER PARTIES, SUCH AS INSIDE SECURE AND HID GLOBAL,
   8  * AND MAY EXPOSE YOU TO AN INFRINGEMENT ACTION FROM THOSE PARTIES.
   9  *
  10  * THIS CODE SHOULD NEVER BE USED TO INFRINGE PATENTS OR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS.
  11  *
  12  *****************************************************************************
  13  *
  14  * This file is part of loclass. It is a reconstructon of the cipher engine
  15  * used in iClass, and RFID techology.
  16  *
  17  * The implementation is based on the work performed by
  18  * Flavio D. Garcia, Gerhard de Koning Gans, Roel Verdult and
  19  * Milosch Meriac in the paper "Dismantling IClass".
  20  *
  21  * Copyright (C) 2014 Martin Holst Swende
  22  *
  23  * This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
  24  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published
  25  * by the Free Software Foundation.
  26  *
  27  * This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  28  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  29  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  30  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  31  *
  32  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  33  * along with loclass.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  34  *
  35  *
  36  *
  37  ****************************************************************************/
  38 /**
  39
  40 From "Dismantling iclass":
  41         This section describes in detail the built-in key diversification algorithm of iClass.
  42         Besides the obvious purpose of deriving a card key from a master key, this
  43         algorithm intends to circumvent weaknesses in the cipher by preventing the
  44         usage of certain ‘weak’ keys. In order to compute a diversified key, the iClass
  45         reader first encrypts the card identity id with the master key K, using single
  46         DES. The resulting ciphertext is then input to a function called hash0 which
  47         outputs the diversified key k.
  48
  49         k = hash0(DES enc (id, K))
  50
  51         Here the DES encryption of id with master key K outputs a cryptogram c
  52         of 64 bits. These 64 bits are divided as c = x, y, z [0] , . . . , z [7] ∈ F 82 × F 82 × (F 62 ) 8
  53         which is used as input to the hash0 function. This function introduces some
  54         obfuscation by performing a number of permutations, complement and modulo
  55         operations, see Figure 2.5. Besides that, it checks for and removes patterns like
  56         similar key bytes, which could produce a strong bias in the cipher. Finally, the
  57         output of hash0 is the diversified card key k = k [0] , . . . , k [7] ∈ (F 82 ) 8 .
  58
  59 **/
  60 #include <stdint.h>
  61 #include <stdbool.h>
  62 #include <string.h>
  63 #include <stdio.h>
  64 #include <inttypes.h>
  65 #include "fileutils.h"
  66 #include "cipherutils.h"
  67 #include "des.h"
  68
  69 uint8_t pi[35] = {0x0F,0x17,0x1B,0x1D,0x1E,0x27,0x2B,0x2D,0x2E,0x33,0x35,0x39,0x36,0x3A,0x3C,0x47,0x4B,0x4D,0x4E,0x53,0x55,0x56,0x59,0x5A,0x5C,0x63,0x65,0x66,0x69,0x6A,0x6C,0x71,0x72,0x74,0x78};
  70
  71 static des_context ctx_enc = {DES_ENCRYPT,{0}};
  72 static des_context ctx_dec = {DES_DECRYPT,{0}};
  73
  74 static int debug_print = 0;
  75
  76 /**
  77  * @brief The key diversification algorithm uses 6-bit bytes.
  78  * This implementation uses 64 bit uint to pack seven of them into one
  79  * variable. When they are there, they are placed as follows:
  80  * XXXX XXXX N0 .... N7, occupying the last 48 bits.
  81  *
  82  * This function picks out one from such a collection
  83  * @param all
  84  * @param n bitnumber
  85  * @return
  86  */
  87 uint8_t getSixBitByte(uint64_t c, int n)
  88 {
  89         return (c >> (42-6*n)) & 0x3F;
  90 }
  91
  92 /**
  93  * @brief Puts back a six-bit 'byte' into a uint64_t.
  94  * @param c buffer
  95  * @param z the value to place there
  96  * @param n bitnumber.
  97  */
  98 void pushbackSixBitByte(uint64_t *c, uint8_t z, int n)
  99 {
 100         //0x XXXX YYYY ZZZZ ZZZZ ZZZZ
 101         //             ^z0         ^z7
 102         //z0:  1111 1100 0000 0000
 103
 104         uint64_t masked = z & 0x3F;
 105         uint64_t eraser = 0x3F;
 106         masked <<= 42-6*n;
 107         eraser <<= 42-6*n;
 108
 109         //masked <<= 6*n;
 110         //eraser <<= 6*n;
 111
 112         eraser = ~eraser;
 113         (*c) &= eraser;
 114         (*c) |= masked;
 115
 116 }
 117 /**
 118  * @brief Swaps the z-values.
 119  * If the input value has format XYZ0Z1...Z7, the output will have the format
 120  * XYZ7Z6...Z0 instead
 121  * @param c
 122  * @return
 123  */
 124 uint64_t swapZvalues(uint64_t c)
 125 {
 126         uint64_t newz = 0;
 127         pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, getSixBitByte(c,0),7);
 128         pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, getSixBitByte(c,1),6);
 129         pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, getSixBitByte(c,2),5);
 130         pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, getSixBitByte(c,3),4);
 131         pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, getSixBitByte(c,4),3);
 132         pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, getSixBitByte(c,5),2);
 133         pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, getSixBitByte(c,6),1);
 134         pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, getSixBitByte(c,7),0);
 135         newz |= (c & 0xFFFF000000000000);
 136         return newz;
 137 }
 138
 139 /**
 140 * @return 4 six-bit bytes chunked into a uint64_t,as 00..00a0a1a2a3
 141 */
 142 uint64_t ck(int i, int j, uint64_t z)
 143 {
 144         if (i == 1 && j == -1) {
 145                 // ck(1, −1, z [0] . . . z [3] ) = z [0] . . . z [3]
 146                 return z;
 147         } else if( j == -1) {
 148                 // ck(i, −1, z [0] . . . z [3] ) = ck(i − 1, i − 2, z [0] . . . z [3] )
 149                 return ck(i-1,i-2, z);
 150         }
 151
 152         if (getSixBitByte(z,i) == getSixBitByte(z,j))
 153         {
 154                 //ck(i, j − 1, z [0] . . . z [i] ← j . . . z [3] )
 155                 uint64_t newz = 0;
 156                 int c;
 157                 for(c = 0; c < 4; c++) {
 158                         uint8_t val = getSixBitByte(z,c);
 159                         if (c == i)
 160                                 pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, j, c);
 161                         else
 162                                 pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, val, c);
 163                 }
 164                 return ck(i,j-1,newz);
 165         } else {
 166                 return ck(i,j-1,z);
 167         }
 168 }
 169 /**
 170
 171         Definition 8.
 172         Let the function check : (F 62 ) 8 → (F 62 ) 8 be defined as
 173         check(z [0] . . . z [7] ) = ck(3, 2, z [0] . . . z [3] ) · ck(3, 2, z [4] . . . z [7] )
 174
 175         where ck : N × N × (F 62 ) 4 → (F 62 ) 4 is defined as
 176
 177                 ck(1, −1, z [0] . . . z [3] ) = z [0] . . . z [3]
 178                 ck(i, −1, z [0] . . . z [3] ) = ck(i − 1, i − 2, z [0] . . . z [3] )
 179                 ck(i, j, z [0] . . . z [3] ) =
 180                 ck(i, j − 1, z [0] . . . z [i] ← j . . . z [3] ),  if z [i] = z [j] ;
 181                 ck(i, j − 1, z [0] . . . z [3] ), otherwise
 182
 183         otherwise.
 184 **/
 185
 186 uint64_t check(uint64_t z)
 187 {
 188         //These 64 bits are divided as c = x, y, z [0] , . . . , z [7]
 189
 190         // ck(3, 2, z [0] . . . z [3] )
 191         uint64_t ck1 = ck(3,2, z );
 192
 193         // ck(3, 2, z [4] . . . z [7] )
 194         uint64_t ck2 = ck(3,2, z << 24);
 195
 196         //The ck function will place the values
 197         // in the middle of z.
 198         ck1 &= 0x00000000FFFFFF000000;
 199         ck2 &= 0x00000000FFFFFF000000;
 200
 201         return ck1 | ck2 >> 24;
 202
 203 }
 204
 205 void permute(BitstreamIn *p_in, uint64_t z,int l,int r, BitstreamOut* out)
 206 {
 207         if(bitsLeft(p_in) == 0)
 208                 return;
 209
 210         bool pn = tailBit(p_in);
 211         if( pn ) // pn = 1
 212         {
 213                 uint8_t zl = getSixBitByte(z,l);
 214
 215                 push6bits(out, zl+1);
 216                 permute(p_in, z, l+1,r, out);
 217         }else // otherwise
 218         {
 219                 uint8_t zr = getSixBitByte(z,r);
 220
 221                 push6bits(out, zr);
 222                 permute(p_in,z,l,r+1,out);
 223         }
 224 }
 225 void printbegin() {
 226         if (debug_print < 2)
 227                 return;
 228
 229         prnlog("          | x| y|z0|z1|z2|z3|z4|z5|z6|z7|");
 230 }
 231
 232 void printState(char* desc, uint64_t c)
 233 {
 234         if(debug_print < 2)
 235                 return;
 236
 237         printf("%s : ", desc);
 238         uint8_t x =     (c & 0xFF00000000000000 ) >> 56;
 239         uint8_t y =     (c & 0x00FF000000000000 ) >> 48;
 240         printf("  %02x %02x", x,y);
 241         int i;
 242         for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
 243                 printf(" %02x", getSixBitByte(c,i));
 244         printf("\n");
 245 }
 246
 247 /**
 248  * @brief
 249  *Definition 11. Let the function hash0 : F 82 × F 82 × (F 62 ) 8 → (F 82 ) 8 be defined as
 250  *      hash0(x, y, z [0] . . . z [7] ) = k [0] . . . k [7] where
 251  * z'[i] = (z[i] mod (63-i)) + i        i =  0...3
 252  * z'[i+4] = (z[i+4] mod (64-i)) + i    i =  0...3
 253  * ẑ = check(z');
 254  * @param c
 255  * @param k this is where the diversified key is put (should be 8 bytes)
 256  * @return
 257  */
 258 void hash0(uint64_t c, uint8_t k[8])
 259 {
 260         c = swapZvalues(c);
 261
 262         printbegin();
 263         printState("origin",c);
 264         //These 64 bits are divided as c = x, y, z [0] , . . . , z [7]
 265         // x = 8 bits
 266         // y = 8 bits
 267         // z0-z7 6 bits each : 48 bits
 268         uint8_t x =     (c & 0xFF00000000000000 ) >> 56;
 269         uint8_t y =     (c & 0x00FF000000000000 ) >> 48;
 270         int n;
 271         uint8_t zn, zn4, _zn, _zn4;
 272         uint64_t zP = 0;
 273
 274         for(n = 0;  n < 4 ; n++)
 275         {
 276                 zn = getSixBitByte(c,n);
 277
 278                 zn4 = getSixBitByte(c,n+4);
 279
 280                 _zn = (zn % (63-n)) + n;
 281                 _zn4 = (zn4 % (64-n)) + n;
 282
 283                 pushbackSixBitByte(&zP, _zn,n);
 284                 pushbackSixBitByte(&zP, _zn4,n+4);
 285         }
 286
 287         printState("0|0|z'",zP);
 288
 289         uint64_t zCaret = check(zP);
 290         printState("0|0|z^",zP);
 291
 292         uint8_t p = pi[x % 35];
 293
 294         if(x & 1) //Check if x7 is 1
 295                 p = ~p;
 296
 297         if(debug_print >= 2) prnlog("p:%02x", p);
 298
 299         BitstreamIn p_in = { &p, 8,0 };
 300         uint8_t outbuffer[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
 301         BitstreamOut out = {outbuffer,0,0};
 302         permute(&p_in,zCaret,0,4,&out);//returns 48 bits? or 6 8-bytes
 303
 304         //Out is now a buffer containing six-bit bytes, should be 48 bits
 305         // if all went well
 306         //Shift z-values down onto the lower segment
 307
 308     uint64_t zTilde = x_bytes_to_num(outbuffer,8);
 309
 310         zTilde >>= 16;
 311
 312         printState("0|0|z~", zTilde);
 313
 314         int i;
 315         int zerocounter =0 ;
 316         for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
 317         {
 318                 // the key on index i is first a bit from y
 319                 // then six bits from z,
 320                 // then a bit from p
 321
 322                 // Init with zeroes
 323                 k[i] = 0;
 324                 // First, place yi leftmost in k
 325                 //k[i] |= (y  << i) & 0x80 ;
 326
 327                 // First, place y(7-i) leftmost in k
 328                 k[i] |= (y  << (7-i)) & 0x80 ;
 329
 330
 331
 332                 uint8_t zTilde_i = getSixBitByte(zTilde, i);
 333                 // zTildeI is now on the form 00XXXXXX
 334                 // with one leftshift, it'll be
 335                 // 0XXXXXX0
 336                 // So after leftshift, we can OR it into k
 337                 // However, when doing complement, we need to
 338                 // again MASK 0XXXXXX0 (0x7E)
 339                 zTilde_i <<= 1;
 340
 341                 //Finally, add bit from p or p-mod
 342                 //Shift bit i into rightmost location (mask only after complement)
 343                 uint8_t p_i = p >> i & 0x1;
 344
 345                 if( k[i] )// yi = 1
 346                 {
 347                         //printf("k[%d] +1\n", i);
 348                         k[i] |= ~zTilde_i & 0x7E;
 349                         k[i] |= p_i & 1;
 350                         k[i] += 1;
 351
 352                 }else // otherwise
 353                 {
 354                         k[i] |= zTilde_i & 0x7E;
 355                         k[i] |= (~p_i) & 1;
 356                 }
 357                 if ((k[i] & 1 )== 0)
 358                 {
 359                         zerocounter++;
 360                 }
 361         }
 362 }
 363 /**
 364  * @brief Performs Elite-class key diversification
 365  * @param csn
 366  * @param key
 367  * @param div_key
 368  */
 369 void diversifyKey(uint8_t csn[8], uint8_t key[8], uint8_t div_key[8])
 370 {
 371         // Prepare the DES key
 372         des_setkey_enc( &ctx_enc, key);
 373
 374         uint8_t crypted_csn[8] = {0};
 375
 376         // Calculate DES(CSN, KEY)
 377         des_crypt_ecb(&ctx_enc,csn, crypted_csn);
 378
 379         //Calculate HASH0(DES))
 380     uint64_t crypt_csn = x_bytes_to_num(crypted_csn, 8);
 381     //uint64_t crypted_csn_swapped = swapZvalues(crypt_csn);
 382
 383         hash0(crypt_csn,div_key);
 384 }
 385
 386 void testPermute()
 387 {
 388         uint64_t x = 0;
 389         pushbackSixBitByte(&x,0x00,0);
 390         pushbackSixBitByte(&x,0x01,1);
 391         pushbackSixBitByte(&x,0x02,2);
 392         pushbackSixBitByte(&x,0x03,3);
 393         pushbackSixBitByte(&x,0x04,4);
 394         pushbackSixBitByte(&x,0x05,5);
 395         pushbackSixBitByte(&x,0x06,6);
 396         pushbackSixBitByte(&x,0x07,7);
 397
 398         uint8_t mres[8] = { getSixBitByte(x, 0),
 399                                                 getSixBitByte(x, 1),
 400                                                 getSixBitByte(x, 2),
 401                                                 getSixBitByte(x, 3),
 402                                                 getSixBitByte(x, 4),
 403                                                 getSixBitByte(x, 5),
 404                                                 getSixBitByte(x, 6),
 405                                                 getSixBitByte(x, 7)};
 406         printarr("input_perm", mres,8);
 407
 408         uint8_t p = ~pi[0];
 409         BitstreamIn p_in = { &p, 8,0 };
 410         uint8_t outbuffer[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
 411         BitstreamOut out = {outbuffer,0,0};
 412
 413         permute(&p_in, x,0,4, &out);
 414
 415     uint64_t permuted = x_bytes_to_num(outbuffer,8);
 416         //printf("zTilde 0x%"PRIX64"\n", zTilde);
 417         permuted >>= 16;
 418
 419         uint8_t res[8] = { getSixBitByte(permuted, 0),
 420                                                 getSixBitByte(permuted, 1),
 421                                                 getSixBitByte(permuted, 2),
 422                                                 getSixBitByte(permuted, 3),
 423                                                 getSixBitByte(permuted, 4),
 424                                                 getSixBitByte(permuted, 5),
 425                                                 getSixBitByte(permuted, 6),
 426                                                 getSixBitByte(permuted, 7)};
 427         printarr("permuted", res, 8);
 428 }
 429
 430 //These testcases are
 431 //{ UID , TEMP_KEY, DIV_KEY} using the specific key
 432 typedef struct
 433 {
 434         uint8_t uid[8];
 435         uint8_t t_key[8];
 436         uint8_t div_key[8];
 437 } Testcase;
 438
 439 int testDES(Testcase testcase, des_context ctx_enc, des_context ctx_dec)
 440 {
 441         uint8_t des_encrypted_csn[8] = {0};
 442         uint8_t decrypted[8] = {0};
 443         uint8_t div_key[8] = {0};
 444         int retval = des_crypt_ecb(&ctx_enc,testcase.uid,des_encrypted_csn);
 445         retval |= des_crypt_ecb(&ctx_dec,des_encrypted_csn,decrypted);
 446
 447         if(memcmp(testcase.uid,decrypted,8) != 0)
 448         {
 449                 //Decryption fail
 450                 prnlog("Encryption <-> Decryption FAIL");
 451                 printarr("Input", testcase.uid, 8);
 452                 printarr("Decrypted", decrypted, 8);
 453                 retval = 1;
 454         }
 455
 456         if(memcmp(des_encrypted_csn,testcase.t_key,8) != 0)
 457         {
 458                 //Encryption fail
 459                 prnlog("Encryption != Expected result");
 460                 printarr("Output", des_encrypted_csn, 8);
 461                 printarr("Expected", testcase.t_key, 8);
 462                 retval = 1;
 463         }
 464     uint64_t crypted_csn = x_bytes_to_num(des_encrypted_csn,8);
 465         hash0(crypted_csn, div_key);
 466
 467         if(memcmp(div_key, testcase.div_key ,8) != 0)
 468         {
 469                 //Key diversification fail
 470                 prnlog("Div key != expected result");
 471                 printarr("  csn   ", testcase.uid,8);
 472                 printarr("{csn}   ", des_encrypted_csn,8);
 473                 printarr("hash0   ", div_key, 8);
 474                 printarr("Expected", testcase.div_key, 8);
 475                 retval = 1;
 476         }
 477         return retval;
 478 }
 479 bool des_getParityBitFromKey(uint8_t key)
 480 {//The top 7 bits is used
 481         bool parity = ((key & 0x80) >> 7)
 482                         ^ ((key & 0x40) >> 6) ^ ((key & 0x20) >> 5)
 483                         ^ ((key & 0x10) >> 4) ^ ((key & 0x08) >> 3)
 484                         ^ ((key & 0x04) >> 2) ^ ((key & 0x02) >> 1);
 485         return !parity;
 486 }
 487
 488 void des_checkParity(uint8_t* key) {
 489         int i;
 490         int fails = 0;
 491         for(i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
 492                 bool parity = des_getParityBitFromKey(key[i]);
 493                 if (parity != (key[i] & 0x1)) {
 494                         fails++;
 495                         prnlog("[+] parity1 fail, byte %d [%02x] was %d, should be %d", i, key[i], (key[i] & 0x1), parity);
 496                 }
 497         }
 498         if(fails)
 499                 prnlog("[+] parity fails: %d", fails);
 500         else
 501                 prnlog("[+] Key syntax is with parity bits inside each byte");
 502 }
 503
 504 Testcase testcases[] ={
 505
 506         {{0x8B,0xAC,0x60,0x1F,0x53,0xB8,0xED,0x11},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 507         {{0xAE,0x51,0xE5,0x62,0xE7,0x9A,0x99,0x39},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01},{0x04,0x02,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 508         {{0x9B,0x21,0xE4,0x31,0x6A,0x00,0x29,0x62},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02},{0x06,0x04,0x02,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 509         {{0x65,0x24,0x0C,0x41,0x4F,0xC2,0x21,0x93},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04},{0x0A,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 510         {{0x7F,0xEB,0xAE,0x93,0xE5,0x30,0x08,0xBD},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08},{0x12,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 511         {{0x49,0x7B,0x70,0x74,0x9B,0x35,0x1B,0x83},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10},{0x22,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 512         {{0x02,0x3C,0x15,0x6B,0xED,0xA5,0x64,0x6C},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20},{0x42,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 513         {{0xE8,0x37,0xE0,0xE2,0xC6,0x45,0x24,0xF3},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40},{0x02,0x06,0x04,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 514         {{0xAB,0xBD,0x30,0x05,0x29,0xC8,0xF7,0x12},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80},{0x02,0x08,0x06,0x04,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 515         {{0x17,0xE8,0x97,0xF0,0x99,0xB6,0x79,0x31},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00},{0x02,0x0C,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 516         {{0x49,0xA4,0xF0,0x8F,0x5F,0x96,0x83,0x16},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,0x00},{0x02,0x14,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 517         {{0x60,0xF5,0x7E,0x54,0xAA,0x41,0x83,0xD4},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x00},{0x02,0x24,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 518         {{0x1D,0xF6,0x3B,0x6B,0x85,0x55,0xF0,0x4B},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x00},{0x02,0x44,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 519         {{0x1F,0xDC,0x95,0x1A,0xEA,0x6B,0x4B,0xB4},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x08,0x06,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 520         {{0xEC,0x93,0x72,0xF0,0x3B,0xA9,0xF5,0x0B},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x0A,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 521         {{0xDE,0x57,0x5C,0xBE,0x2D,0x55,0x03,0x12},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x0E,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 522         {{0x1E,0xD2,0xB5,0xCE,0x90,0xC9,0xC1,0xCC},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x16,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 523         {{0xD8,0x65,0x96,0x4E,0xE7,0x74,0x99,0xB8},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x26,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 524         {{0xE3,0x7A,0x29,0x83,0x31,0xD5,0x3A,0x54},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x46,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 525         {{0x3A,0xB5,0x1A,0x34,0x34,0x25,0x12,0xF0},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x0A,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 526         {{0xF2,0x88,0xEE,0x6F,0x70,0x6F,0xC2,0x52},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x0C,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 527         {{0x76,0xEF,0xEB,0x80,0x52,0x43,0x83,0x57},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x10,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 528         {{0x1C,0x09,0x8E,0x3B,0x23,0x23,0x52,0xB5},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x18,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 529         {{0xA9,0x13,0xA2,0xBE,0xCF,0x1A,0xC4,0x9A},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x28,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 530         {{0x25,0x56,0x4B,0xB0,0xC8,0x2A,0xD4,0x27},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x48,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 531         {{0xB1,0x04,0x57,0x3F,0xA7,0x16,0x62,0xD4},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x03,0x01,0x05,0x07}},
 532         {{0x45,0x46,0xED,0xCC,0xE7,0xD3,0x8E,0xA3},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x05,0x03,0x01,0x07}},
 533         {{0x22,0x6D,0xB5,0x35,0xE0,0x5A,0xE0,0x90},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x09,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 534         {{0xB8,0xF5,0xE5,0x44,0xC5,0x98,0x4A,0xBD},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x11,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 535         {{0xAC,0x78,0x0A,0x23,0x9E,0xF6,0xBC,0xA0},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x21,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 536         {{0x46,0x6B,0x2D,0x70,0x41,0x17,0xBF,0x3D},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x41,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 537         {{0x64,0x44,0x24,0x71,0xA2,0x56,0xDF,0xB5},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x05,0x03,0x07}},
 538         {{0xC4,0x00,0x52,0x24,0xA2,0xD6,0x16,0x7A},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x07,0x05,0x03}},
 539         {{0xD8,0x4A,0x80,0x1E,0x95,0x5B,0x70,0xC4},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x0B,0x05,0x07}},
 540         {{0x08,0x56,0x6E,0xB5,0x64,0xD6,0x47,0x4E},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x13,0x05,0x07}},
 541         {{0x41,0x6F,0xBA,0xA4,0xEB,0xAE,0xA0,0x55},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x23,0x05,0x07}},
 542         {{0x62,0x9D,0xDE,0x72,0x84,0x4A,0x53,0xD5},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x43,0x05,0x07}},
 543         {{0x39,0xD3,0x2B,0x66,0xB8,0x08,0x40,0x2E},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x07,0x05}},
 544         {{0xAF,0x67,0xA9,0x18,0x57,0x21,0xAF,0x8D},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x09,0x07}},
 545         {{0x34,0xBC,0x9D,0xBC,0xC4,0xC2,0x3B,0xC8},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x0D,0x07}},
 546         {{0xB6,0x50,0xF9,0x81,0xF6,0xBF,0x90,0x3C},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x15,0x07}},
 547         {{0x71,0x41,0x93,0xA1,0x59,0x81,0xA5,0x52},{0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x25,0x07}},
 548         {{0x6B,0x00,0xBD,0x74,0x1C,0x3C,0xE0,0x1A},{0x00,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x45,0x07}},
 549         {{0x76,0xFD,0x0B,0xD0,0x41,0xD2,0x82,0x5D},{0x00,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x09}},
 550         {{0xC6,0x3A,0x1C,0x25,0x63,0x5A,0x2F,0x0E},{0x00,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x0B}},
 551         {{0xD9,0x0E,0xD7,0x30,0xE2,0xAD,0xA9,0x87},{0x00,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x0F}},
 552         {{0x6B,0x81,0xC6,0xD1,0x05,0x09,0x87,0x1E},{0x00,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x17}},
 553         {{0xB4,0xA7,0x1E,0x02,0x54,0x37,0x43,0x35},{0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x27}},
 554         {{0x45,0x14,0x7C,0x7F,0xE0,0xDE,0x09,0x65},{0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x47}},
 555         {{0x78,0xB0,0xF5,0x20,0x8B,0x7D,0xF3,0xDD},{0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0xFE,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 556         {{0x88,0xB3,0x3C,0xE1,0xF7,0x87,0x42,0xA1},{0x00,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0xFC,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 557         {{0x11,0x2F,0xB2,0xF7,0xE2,0xB2,0x4F,0x6E},{0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0xFA,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 558         {{0x25,0x56,0x4E,0xC6,0xEB,0x2D,0x74,0x5B},{0x00,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0xF8,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 559         {{0x7E,0x98,0x37,0xF9,0x80,0x8F,0x09,0x82},{0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0xFF,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 560         {{0xF9,0xB5,0x62,0x3B,0xD8,0x7B,0x3C,0x3F},{0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0xFD,0x05,0x07}},
 561         {{0x29,0xC5,0x2B,0xFA,0xD1,0xFC,0x5C,0xC7},{0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0xFB,0x07}},
 562         {{0xC1,0xA3,0x09,0x71,0xBD,0x8E,0xAF,0x2F},{0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0xF9}},
 563         {{0xB6,0xDD,0xD1,0xAD,0xAA,0x15,0x6F,0x29},{0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x01,0x03,0x05,0x02,0x07,0x04,0x06,0x08}},
 564         {{0x65,0x34,0x03,0x19,0x17,0xB3,0xA3,0x96},{0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x01,0x06,0x08,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 565         {{0xF9,0x38,0x43,0x56,0x52,0xE5,0xB1,0xA9},{0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x01,0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 566
 567         {{0xA4,0xA0,0xAF,0xDA,0x48,0xB0,0xA1,0x10},{0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x01,0x02,0x04,0x06,0x03,0x08,0x05,0x07}},
 568         {{0x55,0x15,0x8A,0x0D,0x48,0x29,0x01,0xD8},{0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x01,0x06,0x03,0x05,0x08,0x07}},
 569         {{0xC4,0x81,0x96,0x7D,0xA3,0xB7,0x73,0x50},{0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x01,0x02,0x03,0x05,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x07}},
 570         {{0x36,0x73,0xDF,0xC1,0x1B,0x98,0xA8,0x1D},{0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x01,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x05,0x06,0x08,0x07}},
 571         {{0xCE,0xE0,0xB3,0x1B,0x41,0xEB,0x15,0x12},{0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x01,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x06,0x05,0x08,0x07}},
 572         {{0},{0},{0}}
 573 };
 574
 575 int testKeyDiversificationWithMasterkeyTestcases() {
 576         int error = 0;
 577         int i;
 578         uint8_t empty[8]={0};
 579
 580         prnlog("[+} Testing encryption/decryption");
 581
 582         for (i = 0;  memcmp(testcases+i, empty, 8); i++)
 583                 error += testDES(testcases[i], ctx_enc, ctx_dec);
 584
 585         if (error)
 586                 prnlog("[+] %d errors occurred (%d testcases)", error, i);
 587         else
 588                 prnlog("[+] Hashing seems to work (%d testcases)", i);
 589         return error;
 590 }
 591
 592 void print64bits(char*name, uint64_t val) {
 593         printf("%s%08x%08x\n",name,(uint32_t) (val >> 32) ,(uint32_t) (val & 0xFFFFFFFF));
 594 }
 595
 596 uint64_t testCryptedCSN(uint64_t crypted_csn, uint64_t expected)
 597 {
 598         int retval = 0;
 599         uint8_t result[8] = {0};
 600         if(debug_print) prnlog("debug_print %d", debug_print);
 601         if(debug_print) print64bits("    {csn}      ", crypted_csn );
 602
 603         uint64_t crypted_csn_swapped = swapZvalues(crypted_csn);
 604
 605         if(debug_print) print64bits("    {csn-revz} ", crypted_csn_swapped);
 606
 607         hash0(crypted_csn, result);
 608     uint64_t resultbyte = x_bytes_to_num(result,8 );
 609         if(debug_print) print64bits("    hash0      " , resultbyte );
 610
 611         if(resultbyte != expected ) {
 612                 if(debug_print) {
 613                         prnlog("\n[+] FAIL!");
 614                         print64bits("    expected       " ,  expected );
 615                 }
 616                 retval = 1;
 617         } else {
 618                 if (debug_print) prnlog(" [OK]");
 619         }
 620         return retval;
 621 }
 622
 623 int testDES2(uint64_t csn, uint64_t expected) {
 624         uint8_t result[8] = {0};
 625         uint8_t input[8] = {0};
 626
 627         print64bits("   csn ", csn);
 628     x_num_to_bytes(csn, 8,input);
 629
 630         des_crypt_ecb(&ctx_enc,input, result);
 631
 632     uint64_t crypt_csn = x_bytes_to_num(result, 8);
 633         print64bits("   {csn}    ", crypt_csn );
 634         print64bits("   expected ", expected );
 635
 636         if( expected == crypt_csn ) {
 637                 prnlog("[+] OK");
 638                 return 0;
 639         } else {
 640                 return 1;
 641         }
 642 }
 643
 644 /**
 645  * These testcases come from http://www.proxmark.org/forum/viewtopic.php?pid=10977#p10977
 646  * @brief doTestsWithKnownInputs
 647  * @return
 648  */
 649 int doTestsWithKnownInputs() {
 650         // KSel from http://www.proxmark.org/forum/viewtopic.php?pid=10977#p10977
 651         int errors = 0;
 652         prnlog("[+] Testing DES encryption");
 653         uint8_t key[8] = {0x6c,0x8d,0x44,0xf9,0x2a,0x2d,0x01,0xbf};
 654
 655         des_setkey_enc( &ctx_enc, key);
 656         testDES2(0xbbbbaaaabbbbeeee,0xd6ad3ca619659e6b);
 657
 658         prnlog("[+] Testing hashing algorithm");
 659
 660         errors += testCryptedCSN(0x0102030405060708,0x0bdd6512073c460a);
 661         errors += testCryptedCSN(0x1020304050607080,0x0208211405f3381f);
 662         errors += testCryptedCSN(0x1122334455667788,0x2bee256d40ac1f3a);
 663         errors += testCryptedCSN(0xabcdabcdabcdabcd,0xa91c9ec66f7da592);
 664         errors += testCryptedCSN(0xbcdabcdabcdabcda,0x79ca5796a474e19b);
 665         errors += testCryptedCSN(0xcdabcdabcdabcdab,0xa8901b9f7ec76da4);
 666         errors += testCryptedCSN(0xdabcdabcdabcdabc,0x357aa8e0979a5b8d);
 667         errors += testCryptedCSN(0x21ba6565071f9299,0x34e80f88d5cf39ea);
 668         errors += testCryptedCSN(0x14e2adfc5bb7e134,0x6ac90c6508bd9ea3);
 669
 670         if (errors)
 671                 prnlog("[+] %d errors occurred (9 testcases)", errors);
 672         else
 673                 prnlog("[+] Hashing seems to work (9 testcases)" );
 674         return errors;
 675 }
 676
 677 int readKeyFile(uint8_t key[8]) {
 678         int retval = 1;
 679         FILE *f = fopen("iclass_key.bin", "rb");
 680         if (!f)
 681                 return 0;
 682
 683         size_t bytes_read = fread(key, sizeof(uint8_t), 8, f);
 684         if ( bytes_read == 1)
 685                 retval = 0;
 686
 687         if (f)
 688                 fclose(f);
 689         return retval;
 690 }
 691
 692
 693 int doKeyTests(uint8_t debuglevel)
 694 {
 695         debug_print = debuglevel;
 696
 697         prnlog("[+] Checking if the master key is present (iclass_key.bin)...");
 698         uint8_t key[8] = {0};
 699         if (readKeyFile(key)) {
 700                 prnlog("[+] Master key not present, will not be able to do all testcases");
 701         } else {
 702
 703                 //Test if it's the right key...
 704                 uint8_t i;
 705                 uint8_t j = 0;
 706                 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(key); i++)
 707                         j += key[i];
 708
 709                 if (j != 185) {
 710                         prnlog("[+] A key was loaded, but it does not seem to be the correct one. Aborting these tests");
 711                 } else {
 712                         prnlog("[+] Key present");
 713                         prnlog("[+] Checking key parity...");
 714                         des_checkParity(key);
 715                         des_setkey_enc( &ctx_enc, key);
 716                         des_setkey_dec( &ctx_dec, key);
 717                         // Test hashing functions
 718                         prnlog("[+] The following tests require the correct 8-byte master key");
 719                         testKeyDiversificationWithMasterkeyTestcases();
 720                 }
 721         }
 722         prnlog("[+] Testing key diversification with non-sensitive keys...");
 723         doTestsWithKnownInputs();
 724         return 0;
 725 }
 726
 727 /**
 728
 729 void checkParity2(uint8_t* key)
 730 {
 731
 732         uint8_t stored_parity = key[7];
 733         printf("Parity byte: 0x%02x\n", stored_parity);
 734         int i;
 735         int byte;
 736         int fails =0;
 737         BitstreamIn bits = {key, 56, 0};
 738
 739         bool parity = 0;
 740
 741         for(i =0 ; i  < 56; i++)
 742         {
 743
 744                 if ( i > 0 && i % 7 == 0)
 745                 {
 746                         parity = !parity;
 747                         bool pbit = stored_parity & (0x80 >> (byte));
 748                         if(parity != pbit)
 749                         {
 750                                 printf("parity2 fail byte %d, should be %d, was %d\n", (i / 7), parity, pbit);
 751                                 fails++;
 752                         }
 753                         parity =0 ;
 754                         byte = i / 7;
 755                 }
 756                 parity = parity ^ headBit(&bits);
 757         }
 758         if(fails)
 759         {
 760                 printf("parity2 fails: %d\n", fails);
 761         }else
 762         {
 763                 printf("Key syntax is with parity bits grouped in the last byte!\n");
 764         }
 765 }
 766 void modifyKey_put_parity_last(uint8_t * key, uint8_t* output)
 767 {
 768         uint8_t paritybits = 0;
 769         bool parity =0;
 770         BitstreamOut out = { output, 0,0};
 771         unsigned int bbyte, bbit;
 772         for(bbyte=0; bbyte <8 ; bbyte++ )
 773         {
 774                 for(bbit =0 ; bbit< 7 ; bbit++)
 775                 {
 776                         bool bit = *(key+bbyte) & (1 << (7-bbit));
 777                         pushBit(&out,bit);
 778                         parity ^= bit;
 779                 }
 780                 bool paritybit = *(key+bbyte) & 1;
 781                 paritybits |= paritybit << (7-bbyte);
 782                 parity = 0;
 783
 784         }
 785         output[7] = paritybits;
 786         printf("Parity byte: %02x\n", paritybits);
 787 }
 788
 789  * @brief Modifies a key with parity bits last, so that it is formed with parity
 790  *              bits inside each byte
 791  * @param key
 792  * @param output
 793
 794 void modifyKey_put_parity_allover(uint8_t * key, uint8_t* output)
 795 {
 796         bool parity =0;
 797         BitstreamOut out = { output, 0,0};
 798         BitstreamIn in = {key, 0,0};
 799         unsigned int bbyte, bbit;
 800         for(bbit =0 ; bbit < 56 ; bbit++) {
 801                 if( bbit > 0 && bbit % 7 == 0) {
 802                         pushBit(&out,!parity);
 803                         parity = 0;
 804                 }
 805                 bool bit = headBit(&in);
 806                 pushBit(&out,bit );
 807                 parity ^= bit;
 808         }
 809         pushBit(&out, !parity);
 810
 811         if(     des_key_check_key_parity(output))
 812                 printf("modifyKey_put_parity_allover fail, DES key invalid parity!");
 813 }
 814 */
 815
 816