git.zerfleddert.de Git - proxmark3-svn/blob - armsrc/iso14443.c

   1 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   2 // Routines to support ISO 14443. This includes both the reader software and
   3 // the `fake tag' modes. At the moment only the Type B modulation is
   4 // supported.
   5 // Jonathan Westhues, split Nov 2006
   6 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   7 #include <proxmark3.h>
   8 #include "apps.h"
   9 #include "../common/iso14443_crc.c"
  10
  11
  12 //static void GetSamplesFor14443(BOOL weTx, int n);
  13
  14 #define DMA_BUFFER_SIZE 256
  15
  16 //=============================================================================
  17 // An ISO 14443 Type B tag. We listen for commands from the reader, using
  18 // a UART kind of thing that's implemented in software. When we get a
  19 // frame (i.e., a group of bytes between SOF and EOF), we check the CRC.
  20 // If it's good, then we can do something appropriate with it, and send
  21 // a response.
  22 //=============================================================================
  23
  24 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  25 // Code up a string of octets at layer 2 (including CRC, we don't generate
  26 // that here) so that they can be transmitted to the reader. Doesn't transmit
  27 // them yet, just leaves them ready to send in ToSend[].
  28 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  29 static void CodeIso14443bAsTag(const BYTE *cmd, int len)
  30 {
  31     int i;
  32
  33     ToSendReset();
  34
  35     // Transmit a burst of ones, as the initial thing that lets the
  36     // reader get phase sync. This (TR1) must be > 80/fs, per spec,
  37     // but tag that I've tried (a Paypass) exceeds that by a fair bit,
  38     // so I will too.
  39     for(i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
  40         ToSendStuffBit(1);
  41         ToSendStuffBit(1);
  42         ToSendStuffBit(1);
  43         ToSendStuffBit(1);
  44     }
  45
  46     // Send SOF.
  47     for(i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
  48         ToSendStuffBit(0);
  49         ToSendStuffBit(0);
  50         ToSendStuffBit(0);
  51         ToSendStuffBit(0);
  52     }
  53     for(i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
  54         ToSendStuffBit(1);
  55         ToSendStuffBit(1);
  56         ToSendStuffBit(1);
  57         ToSendStuffBit(1);
  58     }
  59
  60     for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {
  61         int j;
  62         BYTE b = cmd[i];
  63
  64         // Start bit
  65         ToSendStuffBit(0);
  66         ToSendStuffBit(0);
  67         ToSendStuffBit(0);
  68         ToSendStuffBit(0);
  69
  70         // Data bits
  71         for(j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
  72             if(b & 1) {
  73                 ToSendStuffBit(1);
  74                 ToSendStuffBit(1);
  75                 ToSendStuffBit(1);
  76                 ToSendStuffBit(1);
  77             } else {
  78                 ToSendStuffBit(0);
  79                 ToSendStuffBit(0);
  80                 ToSendStuffBit(0);
  81                 ToSendStuffBit(0);
  82             }
  83             b >>= 1;
  84         }
  85
  86         // Stop bit
  87         ToSendStuffBit(1);
  88         ToSendStuffBit(1);
  89         ToSendStuffBit(1);
  90         ToSendStuffBit(1);
  91     }
  92
  93     // Send SOF.
  94     for(i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
  95         ToSendStuffBit(0);
  96         ToSendStuffBit(0);
  97         ToSendStuffBit(0);
  98         ToSendStuffBit(0);
  99     }
 100     for(i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
 101         ToSendStuffBit(1);
 102         ToSendStuffBit(1);
 103         ToSendStuffBit(1);
 104         ToSendStuffBit(1);
 105     }
 106
 107     // Convert from last byte pos to length
 108     ToSendMax++;
 109
 110     // Add a few more for slop
 111     ToSendMax += 2;
 112 }
 113
 114 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 115 // The software UART that receives commands from the reader, and its state
 116 // variables.
 117 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 118 static struct {
 119     enum {
 120         STATE_UNSYNCD,
 121         STATE_GOT_FALLING_EDGE_OF_SOF,
 122         STATE_AWAITING_START_BIT,
 123         STATE_RECEIVING_DATA,
 124         STATE_ERROR_WAIT
 125     }       state;
 126     WORD    shiftReg;
 127     int     bitCnt;
 128     int     byteCnt;
 129     int     byteCntMax;
 130     int     posCnt;
 131     BYTE   *output;
 132 } Uart;
 133
 134 /* Receive & handle a bit coming from the reader.
 135  *
 136  * LED handling:
 137  * LED A -> ON once we have received the SOF and are expecting the rest.
 138  * LED A -> OFF once we have received EOF or are in error state or unsynced
 139  *
 140  * Returns: true if we received a EOF
 141  *          false if we are still waiting for some more
 142  */
 143 static BOOL Handle14443UartBit(int bit)
 144 {
 145     switch(Uart.state) {
 146         case STATE_UNSYNCD:
 147                 LED_A_OFF();
 148             if(!bit) {
 149                 // we went low, so this could be the beginning
 150                 // of an SOF
 151                 Uart.state = STATE_GOT_FALLING_EDGE_OF_SOF;
 152                 Uart.posCnt = 0;
 153                 Uart.bitCnt = 0;
 154             }
 155             break;
 156
 157         case STATE_GOT_FALLING_EDGE_OF_SOF:
 158             Uart.posCnt++;
 159             if(Uart.posCnt == 2) {
 160                 if(bit) {
 161                     if(Uart.bitCnt >= 10) {
 162                         // we've seen enough consecutive
 163                         // zeros that it's a valid SOF
 164                         Uart.posCnt = 0;
 165                         Uart.byteCnt = 0;
 166                         Uart.state = STATE_AWAITING_START_BIT;
 167                         LED_A_ON(); // Indicate we got a valid SOF
 168                     } else {
 169                         // didn't stay down long enough
 170                         // before going high, error
 171                         Uart.state = STATE_ERROR_WAIT;
 172                     }
 173                 } else {
 174                     // do nothing, keep waiting
 175                 }
 176                 Uart.bitCnt++;
 177             }
 178             if(Uart.posCnt >= 4) Uart.posCnt = 0;
 179             if(Uart.bitCnt > 14) {
 180                 // Give up if we see too many zeros without
 181                 // a one, too.
 182                 Uart.state = STATE_ERROR_WAIT;
 183             }
 184             break;
 185
 186         case STATE_AWAITING_START_BIT:
 187             Uart.posCnt++;
 188             if(bit) {
 189                 if(Uart.posCnt > 25) {
 190                     // stayed high for too long between
 191                     // characters, error
 192                     Uart.state = STATE_ERROR_WAIT;
 193                 }
 194             } else {
 195                 // falling edge, this starts the data byte
 196                 Uart.posCnt = 0;
 197                 Uart.bitCnt = 0;
 198                 Uart.shiftReg = 0;
 199                 Uart.state = STATE_RECEIVING_DATA;
 200                 LED_A_ON(); // Indicate we're receiving
 201             }
 202             break;
 203
 204         case STATE_RECEIVING_DATA:
 205             Uart.posCnt++;
 206             if(Uart.posCnt == 2) {
 207                 // time to sample a bit
 208                 Uart.shiftReg >>= 1;
 209                 if(bit) {
 210                     Uart.shiftReg |= 0x200;
 211                 }
 212                 Uart.bitCnt++;
 213             }
 214             if(Uart.posCnt >= 4) {
 215                 Uart.posCnt = 0;
 216             }
 217             if(Uart.bitCnt == 10) {
 218                 if((Uart.shiftReg & 0x200) && !(Uart.shiftReg & 0x001))
 219                 {
 220                     // this is a data byte, with correct
 221                     // start and stop bits
 222                     Uart.output[Uart.byteCnt] = (Uart.shiftReg >> 1) & 0xff;
 223                     Uart.byteCnt++;
 224
 225                     if(Uart.byteCnt >= Uart.byteCntMax) {
 226                         // Buffer overflowed, give up
 227                         Uart.posCnt = 0;
 228                         Uart.state = STATE_ERROR_WAIT;
 229                     } else {
 230                         // so get the next byte now
 231                         Uart.posCnt = 0;
 232                         Uart.state = STATE_AWAITING_START_BIT;
 233                     }
 234                 } else if(Uart.shiftReg == 0x000) {
 235                     // this is an EOF byte
 236                         LED_A_OFF(); // Finished receiving
 237                     return TRUE;
 238                 } else {
 239                     // this is an error
 240                     Uart.posCnt = 0;
 241                     Uart.state = STATE_ERROR_WAIT;
 242                 }
 243             }
 244             break;
 245
 246         case STATE_ERROR_WAIT:
 247             // We're all screwed up, so wait a little while
 248             // for whatever went wrong to finish, and then
 249             // start over.
 250             Uart.posCnt++;
 251             if(Uart.posCnt > 10) {
 252                 Uart.state = STATE_UNSYNCD;
 253             }
 254             break;
 255
 256         default:
 257             Uart.state = STATE_UNSYNCD;
 258             break;
 259     }
 260
 261     if (Uart.state == STATE_ERROR_WAIT) LED_A_OFF(); // Error
 262
 263     return FALSE;
 264 }
 265
 266 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 267 // Receive a command (from the reader to us, where we are the simulated tag),
 268 // and store it in the given buffer, up to the given maximum length. Keeps
 269 // spinning, waiting for a well-framed command, until either we get one
 270 // (returns TRUE) or someone presses the pushbutton on the board (FALSE).
 271 //
 272 // Assume that we're called with the SSC (to the FPGA) and ADC path set
 273 // correctly.
 274 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 275 static BOOL GetIso14443CommandFromReader(BYTE *received, int *len, int maxLen)
 276 {
 277     BYTE mask;
 278     int i, bit;
 279
 280     // Set FPGA mode to "simulated ISO 14443 tag", no modulation (listen
 281     // only, since we are receiving, not transmitting).
 282     // Signal field is off with the appropriate LED
 283     LED_D_OFF();
 284     FpgaWriteConfWord(
 285         FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_SIMULATOR | FPGA_HF_SIMULATOR_NO_MODULATION);
 286
 287
 288     // Now run a `software UART' on the stream of incoming samples.
 289     Uart.output = received;
 290     Uart.byteCntMax = maxLen;
 291     Uart.state = STATE_UNSYNCD;
 292
 293     for(;;) {
 294         WDT_HIT();
 295
 296         if(BUTTON_PRESS()) return FALSE;
 297
 298         if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY)) {
 299             AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = 0x00;
 300         }
 301         if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_RXRDY)) {
 302             BYTE b = (BYTE)AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR;
 303
 304             mask = 0x80;
 305             for(i = 0; i < 8; i++, mask >>= 1) {
 306                 bit = (b & mask);
 307                 if(Handle14443UartBit(bit)) {
 308                     *len = Uart.byteCnt;
 309                     return TRUE;
 310                 }
 311             }
 312         }
 313     }
 314 }
 315
 316 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 317 // Main loop of simulated tag: receive commands from reader, decide what
 318 // response to send, and send it.
 319 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 320 void SimulateIso14443Tag(void)
 321 {
 322     static const BYTE cmd1[] = { 0x05, 0x00, 0x08, 0x39, 0x73 };
 323     static const BYTE response1[] = {
 324         0x50, 0x82, 0x0d, 0xe1, 0x74, 0x20, 0x38, 0x19, 0x22,
 325         0x00, 0x21, 0x85, 0x5e, 0xd7
 326     };
 327
 328     BYTE *resp;
 329     int respLen;
 330
 331     BYTE *resp1 = (((BYTE *)BigBuf) + 800);
 332     int resp1Len;
 333
 334     BYTE *receivedCmd = (BYTE *)BigBuf;
 335     int len;
 336
 337     int i;
 338
 339     int cmdsRecvd = 0;
 340
 341     memset(receivedCmd, 0x44, 400);
 342
 343     CodeIso14443bAsTag(response1, sizeof(response1));
 344     memcpy(resp1, ToSend, ToSendMax); resp1Len = ToSendMax;
 345
 346     // We need to listen to the high-frequency, peak-detected path.
 347     SetAdcMuxFor(GPIO_MUXSEL_HIPKD);
 348     FpgaSetupSsc();
 349
 350     cmdsRecvd = 0;
 351
 352     for(;;) {
 353         BYTE b1, b2;
 354
 355         if(!GetIso14443CommandFromReader(receivedCmd, &len, 100)) {
 356             DbpIntegers(cmdsRecvd, 0, 0);
 357             DbpString("button press");
 358             break;
 359         }
 360
 361         // Good, look at the command now.
 362
 363         if(len == sizeof(cmd1) && memcmp(receivedCmd, cmd1, len)==0) {
 364             resp = resp1; respLen = resp1Len;
 365         } else {
 366             DbpString("new cmd from reader:");
 367             DbpIntegers(len, 0x1234, cmdsRecvd);
 368             // And print whether the CRC fails, just for good measure
 369             ComputeCrc14443(CRC_14443_B, receivedCmd, len-2, &b1, &b2);
 370             if(b1 != receivedCmd[len-2] || b2 != receivedCmd[len-1]) {
 371                 // Not so good, try again.
 372                 DbpString("+++CRC fail");
 373             } else {
 374                 DbpString("CRC passes");
 375             }
 376             break;
 377         }
 378
 379         memset(receivedCmd, 0x44, 32);
 380
 381         cmdsRecvd++;
 382
 383         if(cmdsRecvd > 0x30) {
 384             DbpString("many commands later...");
 385             break;
 386         }
 387
 388         if(respLen <= 0) continue;
 389
 390         // Modulate BPSK
 391         // Signal field is off with the appropriate LED
 392         LED_D_OFF();
 393         FpgaWriteConfWord(
 394                 FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_SIMULATOR | FPGA_HF_SIMULATOR_MODULATE_BPSK);
 395         AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = 0xff;
 396         FpgaSetupSsc();
 397
 398         // Transmit the response.
 399         i = 0;
 400         for(;;) {
 401             if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY)) {
 402                 BYTE b = resp[i];
 403
 404                 AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = b;
 405
 406                 i++;
 407                 if(i > respLen) {
 408                     break;
 409                 }
 410             }
 411             if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_RXRDY)) {
 412                 volatile BYTE b = (BYTE)AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR;
 413                 (void)b;
 414             }
 415         }
 416     }
 417 }
 418
 419 //=============================================================================
 420 // An ISO 14443 Type B reader. We take layer two commands, code them
 421 // appropriately, and then send them to the tag. We then listen for the
 422 // tag's response, which we leave in the buffer to be demodulated on the
 423 // PC side.
 424 //=============================================================================
 425
 426 static struct {
 427     enum {
 428         DEMOD_UNSYNCD,
 429         DEMOD_PHASE_REF_TRAINING,
 430         DEMOD_AWAITING_FALLING_EDGE_OF_SOF,
 431         DEMOD_GOT_FALLING_EDGE_OF_SOF,
 432         DEMOD_AWAITING_START_BIT,
 433         DEMOD_RECEIVING_DATA,
 434         DEMOD_ERROR_WAIT
 435     }       state;
 436     int     bitCount;
 437     int     posCount;
 438     int     thisBit;
 439     int     metric;
 440     int     metricN;
 441     WORD    shiftReg;
 442     BYTE   *output;
 443     int     len;
 444     int     sumI;
 445     int     sumQ;
 446 } Demod;
 447
 448 /*
 449  * Handles reception of a bit from the tag
 450  *
 451  * LED handling:
 452  * LED C -> ON once we have received the SOF and are expecting the rest.
 453  * LED C -> OFF once we have received EOF or are unsynced
 454  *
 455  * Returns: true if we received a EOF
 456  *          false if we are still waiting for some more
 457  *
 458  */
 459 static BOOL Handle14443SamplesDemod(int ci, int cq)
 460 {
 461     int v;
 462
 463     // The soft decision on the bit uses an estimate of just the
 464     // quadrant of the reference angle, not the exact angle.
 465 #define MAKE_SOFT_DECISION() { \
 466         if(Demod.sumI > 0) { \
 467             v = ci; \
 468         } else { \
 469             v = -ci; \
 470         } \
 471         if(Demod.sumQ > 0) { \
 472             v += cq; \
 473         } else { \
 474             v -= cq; \
 475         } \
 476     }
 477
 478     switch(Demod.state) {
 479         case DEMOD_UNSYNCD:
 480             v = ci;
 481             if(v < 0) v = -v;
 482             if(cq > 0) {
 483                 v += cq;
 484             } else {
 485                 v -= cq;
 486             }
 487             if(v > 40) {
 488                 Demod.posCount = 0;
 489                 Demod.state = DEMOD_PHASE_REF_TRAINING;
 490                 Demod.sumI = 0;
 491                 Demod.sumQ = 0;
 492             }
 493             break;
 494
 495         case DEMOD_PHASE_REF_TRAINING:
 496             if(Demod.posCount < 8) {
 497                 Demod.sumI += ci;
 498                 Demod.sumQ += cq;
 499             } else if(Demod.posCount > 100) {
 500                 // error, waited too long
 501                 Demod.state = DEMOD_UNSYNCD;
 502             } else {
 503                 MAKE_SOFT_DECISION();
 504                 if(v < 0) {
 505                     Demod.state = DEMOD_AWAITING_FALLING_EDGE_OF_SOF;
 506                     Demod.posCount = 0;
 507                 }
 508             }
 509             Demod.posCount++;
 510             break;
 511
 512         case DEMOD_AWAITING_FALLING_EDGE_OF_SOF:
 513             MAKE_SOFT_DECISION();
 514             if(v < 0) {
 515                 Demod.state = DEMOD_GOT_FALLING_EDGE_OF_SOF;
 516                 Demod.posCount = 0;
 517             } else {
 518                 if(Demod.posCount > 100) {
 519                     Demod.state = DEMOD_UNSYNCD;
 520                 }
 521             }
 522             Demod.posCount++;
 523             break;
 524
 525         case DEMOD_GOT_FALLING_EDGE_OF_SOF:
 526             MAKE_SOFT_DECISION();
 527             if(v > 0) {
 528                 if(Demod.posCount < 12) {
 529                     Demod.state = DEMOD_UNSYNCD;
 530                 } else {
 531                         LED_C_ON(); // Got SOF
 532                     Demod.state = DEMOD_AWAITING_START_BIT;
 533                     Demod.posCount = 0;
 534                     Demod.len = 0;
 535                     Demod.metricN = 0;
 536                     Demod.metric = 0;
 537                 }
 538             } else {
 539                 if(Demod.posCount > 100) {
 540                     Demod.state = DEMOD_UNSYNCD;
 541                 }
 542             }
 543             Demod.posCount++;
 544             break;
 545
 546         case DEMOD_AWAITING_START_BIT:
 547             MAKE_SOFT_DECISION();
 548             if(v > 0) {
 549                 if(Demod.posCount > 10) {
 550                     Demod.state = DEMOD_UNSYNCD;
 551                 }
 552             } else {
 553                 Demod.bitCount = 0;
 554                 Demod.posCount = 1;
 555                 Demod.thisBit = v;
 556                 Demod.shiftReg = 0;
 557                 Demod.state = DEMOD_RECEIVING_DATA;
 558             }
 559             break;
 560
 561         case DEMOD_RECEIVING_DATA:
 562             MAKE_SOFT_DECISION();
 563             if(Demod.posCount == 0) {
 564                 Demod.thisBit = v;
 565                 Demod.posCount = 1;
 566             } else {
 567                 Demod.thisBit += v;
 568
 569                 if(Demod.thisBit > 0) {
 570                     Demod.metric += Demod.thisBit;
 571                 } else {
 572                     Demod.metric -= Demod.thisBit;
 573                 }
 574                 (Demod.metricN)++;
 575
 576                 Demod.shiftReg >>= 1;
 577                 if(Demod.thisBit > 0) {
 578                     Demod.shiftReg |= 0x200;
 579                 }
 580
 581                 Demod.bitCount++;
 582                 if(Demod.bitCount == 10) {
 583                     WORD s = Demod.shiftReg;
 584                     if((s & 0x200) && !(s & 0x001)) {
 585                         BYTE b = (s >> 1);
 586                         Demod.output[Demod.len] = b;
 587                         Demod.len++;
 588                         Demod.state = DEMOD_AWAITING_START_BIT;
 589                     } else if(s == 0x000) {
 590                         // This is EOF
 591                         LED_C_OFF();
 592                         return TRUE;
 593                         Demod.state = DEMOD_UNSYNCD;
 594                     } else {
 595                         Demod.state = DEMOD_UNSYNCD;
 596                     }
 597                 }
 598                 Demod.posCount = 0;
 599             }
 600             break;
 601
 602         default:
 603             Demod.state = DEMOD_UNSYNCD;
 604             break;
 605     }
 606
 607     if (Demod.state == DEMOD_UNSYNCD) LED_C_OFF(); // Not synchronized...
 608     return FALSE;
 609 }
 610
 611 /*
 612  *  Demodulate the samples we received from the tag
 613  *  weTx: set to 'TRUE' if we behave like a reader
 614  *        set to 'FALSE' if we behave like a snooper
 615  *  quiet: set to 'TRUE' to disable debug output
 616  */
 617 static void GetSamplesFor14443Demod(BOOL weTx, int n, BOOL quiet)
 618 {
 619     int max = 0;
 620     BOOL gotFrame = FALSE;
 621
 622 //#   define DMA_BUFFER_SIZE 8
 623     SBYTE *dmaBuf;
 624
 625     int lastRxCounter;
 626     SBYTE *upTo;
 627
 628     int ci, cq;
 629
 630     int samples = 0;
 631
 632     // Clear out the state of the "UART" that receives from the tag.
 633     memset(BigBuf, 0x44, 400);
 634     Demod.output = (BYTE *)BigBuf;
 635     Demod.len = 0;
 636     Demod.state = DEMOD_UNSYNCD;
 637
 638     // And the UART that receives from the reader
 639     Uart.output = (((BYTE *)BigBuf) + 1024);
 640     Uart.byteCntMax = 100;
 641     Uart.state = STATE_UNSYNCD;
 642
 643     // Setup for the DMA.
 644     dmaBuf = (SBYTE *)(BigBuf + 32);
 645     upTo = dmaBuf;
 646     lastRxCounter = DMA_BUFFER_SIZE;
 647     FpgaSetupSscDma((BYTE *)dmaBuf, DMA_BUFFER_SIZE);
 648
 649     // Signal field is ON with the appropriate LED:
 650         if (weTx) LED_D_ON(); else LED_D_OFF();
 651     // And put the FPGA in the appropriate mode
 652     FpgaWriteConfWord(
 653         FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_READER_RX_XCORR | FPGA_HF_READER_RX_XCORR_848_KHZ |
 654         (weTx ? 0 : FPGA_HF_READER_RX_XCORR_SNOOP));
 655
 656     for(;;) {
 657         int behindBy = lastRxCounter - AT91C_BASE_PDC_SSC->PDC_RCR;
 658         if(behindBy > max) max = behindBy;
 659
 660         while(((lastRxCounter-AT91C_BASE_PDC_SSC->PDC_RCR) & (DMA_BUFFER_SIZE-1))
 661                     > 2)
 662         {
 663             ci = upTo[0];
 664             cq = upTo[1];
 665             upTo += 2;
 666             if(upTo - dmaBuf > DMA_BUFFER_SIZE) {
 667                 upTo -= DMA_BUFFER_SIZE;
 668                 AT91C_BASE_PDC_SSC->PDC_RNPR = (DWORD)upTo;
 669                 AT91C_BASE_PDC_SSC->PDC_RNCR = DMA_BUFFER_SIZE;
 670             }
 671             lastRxCounter -= 2;
 672             if(lastRxCounter <= 0) {
 673                 lastRxCounter += DMA_BUFFER_SIZE;
 674             }
 675
 676             samples += 2;
 677
 678             Handle14443UartBit(1);
 679             Handle14443UartBit(1);
 680
 681             if(Handle14443SamplesDemod(ci, cq)) {
 682                 gotFrame = 1;
 683             }
 684         }
 685
 686         if(samples > 2000) {
 687             break;
 688         }
 689     }
 690     AT91C_BASE_PDC_SSC->PDC_PTCR = AT91C_PDC_RXTDIS;
 691     if (!quiet) DbpIntegers(max, gotFrame, Demod.len);
 692 }
 693
 694 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 695 // Read the tag's response. We just receive a stream of slightly-processed
 696 // samples from the FPGA, which we will later do some signal processing on,
 697 // to get the bits.
 698 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 699 /*static void GetSamplesFor14443(BOOL weTx, int n)
 700 {
 701     BYTE *dest = (BYTE *)BigBuf;
 702     int c;
 703
 704     FpgaWriteConfWord(
 705         FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_READER_RX_XCORR | FPGA_HF_READER_RX_XCORR_848_KHZ |
 706         (weTx ? 0 : FPGA_HF_READER_RX_XCORR_SNOOP));
 707
 708     c = 0;
 709     for(;;) {
 710         if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY)) {
 711             AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = 0x43;
 712         }
 713         if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_RXRDY)) {
 714             SBYTE b;
 715             b = (SBYTE)AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR;
 716
 717             dest[c++] = (BYTE)b;
 718
 719             if(c >= n) {
 720                 break;
 721             }
 722         }
 723     }
 724 }*/
 725
 726 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 727 // Transmit the command (to the tag) that was placed in ToSend[].
 728 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 729 static void TransmitFor14443(void)
 730 {
 731     int c;
 732
 733     FpgaSetupSsc();
 734
 735     while(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY)) {
 736         AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = 0xff;
 737     }
 738
 739     // Signal field is ON with the appropriate Red LED
 740         LED_D_ON();
 741         // Signal we are transmitting with the Green LED
 742         LED_B_ON();
 743         FpgaWriteConfWord(
 744         FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_READER_TX | FPGA_HF_READER_TX_SHALLOW_MOD);
 745
 746     for(c = 0; c < 10;) {
 747         if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY)) {
 748             AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = 0xff;
 749             c++;
 750         }
 751         if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_RXRDY)) {
 752             volatile DWORD r = AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR;
 753             (void)r;
 754         }
 755         WDT_HIT();
 756     }
 757
 758     c = 0;
 759     for(;;) {
 760         if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY)) {
 761             AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = ToSend[c];
 762             c++;
 763             if(c >= ToSendMax) {
 764                 break;
 765             }
 766         }
 767         if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_RXRDY)) {
 768             volatile DWORD r = AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR;
 769             (void)r;
 770         }
 771         WDT_HIT();
 772     }
 773     LED_B_OFF(); // Finished sending
 774 }
 775
 776 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 777 // Code a layer 2 command (string of octets, including CRC) into ToSend[],
 778 // so that it is ready to transmit to the tag using TransmitFor14443().
 779 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 780 void CodeIso14443bAsReader(const BYTE *cmd, int len)
 781 {
 782     int i, j;
 783     BYTE b;
 784
 785     ToSendReset();
 786
 787     // Establish initial reference level
 788     for(i = 0; i < 40; i++) {
 789         ToSendStuffBit(1);
 790     }
 791     // Send SOF
 792     for(i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
 793         ToSendStuffBit(0);
 794     }
 795
 796     for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 797         // Stop bits/EGT
 798         ToSendStuffBit(1);
 799         ToSendStuffBit(1);
 800         // Start bit
 801         ToSendStuffBit(0);
 802         // Data bits
 803         b = cmd[i];
 804         for(j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
 805             if(b & 1) {
 806                 ToSendStuffBit(1);
 807             } else {
 808                 ToSendStuffBit(0);
 809             }
 810             b >>= 1;
 811         }
 812     }
 813     // Send EOF
 814     ToSendStuffBit(1);
 815     for(i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
 816         ToSendStuffBit(0);
 817     }
 818     for(i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
 819         ToSendStuffBit(1);
 820     }
 821
 822     // And then a little more, to make sure that the last character makes
 823     // it out before we switch to rx mode.
 824     for(i = 0; i < 24; i++) {
 825         ToSendStuffBit(1);
 826     }
 827
 828     // Convert from last character reference to length
 829     ToSendMax++;
 830 }
 831
 832 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 833 // Read an ISO 14443 tag. We send it some set of commands, and record the
 834 // responses.
 835 // The command name is misleading, it actually decodes the reponse in HEX
 836 // into the output buffer (read the result using hexsamples, not hisamples)
 837 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 838 void AcquireRawAdcSamplesIso14443(DWORD parameter)
 839 {
 840     BYTE cmd1[] = { 0x05, 0x00, 0x08, 0x39, 0x73 };
 841
 842     // Make sure that we start from off, since the tags are stateful;
 843     // confusing things will happen if we don't reset them between reads.
 844     FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
 845     LED_D_OFF();
 846     SpinDelay(200);
 847
 848     SetAdcMuxFor(GPIO_MUXSEL_HIPKD);
 849     FpgaSetupSsc();
 850
 851     // Now give it time to spin up.
 852     // Signal field is on with the appropriate LED
 853     LED_D_ON();
 854     FpgaWriteConfWord(
 855         FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_READER_RX_XCORR | FPGA_HF_READER_RX_XCORR_848_KHZ);
 856     SpinDelay(200);
 857
 858     CodeIso14443bAsReader(cmd1, sizeof(cmd1));
 859     TransmitFor14443();
 860 //    LED_A_ON();
 861     GetSamplesFor14443Demod(TRUE, 2000, FALSE);
 862 //    LED_A_OFF();
 863 }
 864
 865 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 866 // Read a SRI512 ISO 14443 tag.
 867 //
 868 // SRI512 tags are just simple memory tags, here we're looking at making a dump
 869 // of the contents of the memory. No anticollision algorithm is done, we assume
 870 // we have a single tag in the field.
 871 //
 872 // I tried to be systematic and check every answer of the tag, every CRC, etc...
 873 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 874 void ReadSRI512Iso14443(DWORD parameter)
 875 {
 876     BYTE i = 0x00;
 877
 878     // Make sure that we start from off, since the tags are stateful;
 879     // confusing things will happen if we don't reset them between reads.
 880     LED_D_OFF();
 881     FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
 882     SpinDelay(200);
 883
 884     SetAdcMuxFor(GPIO_MUXSEL_HIPKD);
 885     FpgaSetupSsc();
 886
 887     // Now give it time to spin up.
 888     // Signal field is on with the appropriate LED
 889     LED_D_ON();
 890     FpgaWriteConfWord(
 891         FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_READER_RX_XCORR | FPGA_HF_READER_RX_XCORR_848_KHZ);
 892     SpinDelay(200);
 893
 894     // First command: wake up the tag using the INITIATE command
 895     BYTE cmd1[] = { 0x06, 0x00, 0x97, 0x5b};
 896     CodeIso14443bAsReader(cmd1, sizeof(cmd1));
 897     TransmitFor14443();
 898 //    LED_A_ON();
 899     GetSamplesFor14443Demod(TRUE, 2000,TRUE);
 900 //    LED_A_OFF();
 901
 902     if (Demod.len == 0) {
 903         DbpString("No response from tag");
 904         return;
 905     } else {
 906         DbpString("Randomly generated UID from tag (+ 2 byte CRC):");
 907         DbpIntegers(Demod.output[0], Demod.output[1],Demod.output[2]);
 908     }
 909     // There is a response, SELECT the uid
 910     DbpString("Now SELECT tag:");
 911     cmd1[0] = 0x0E; // 0x0E is SELECT
 912     cmd1[1] = Demod.output[0];
 913     ComputeCrc14443(CRC_14443_B, cmd1, 2, &cmd1[2], &cmd1[3]);
 914     CodeIso14443bAsReader(cmd1, sizeof(cmd1));
 915     TransmitFor14443();
 916 //    LED_A_ON();
 917     GetSamplesFor14443Demod(TRUE, 2000,TRUE);
 918 //    LED_A_OFF();
 919     if (Demod.len != 3) {
 920         DbpString("Expected 3 bytes from tag, got:");
 921         DbpIntegers(Demod.len,0x0,0x0);
 922         return;
 923     }
 924     // Check the CRC of the answer:
 925     ComputeCrc14443(CRC_14443_B, Demod.output, 1 , &cmd1[2], &cmd1[3]);
 926     if(cmd1[2] != Demod.output[1] || cmd1[3] != Demod.output[2]) {
 927         DbpString("CRC Error reading select response.");
 928         return;
 929     }
 930     // Check response from the tag: should be the same UID as the command we just sent:
 931     if (cmd1[1] != Demod.output[0]) {
 932         DbpString("Bad response to SELECT from Tag, aborting:");
 933         DbpIntegers(cmd1[1],Demod.output[0],0x0);
 934         return;
 935     }
 936     // Tag is now selected,
 937     // First get the tag's UID:
 938     cmd1[0] = 0x0B;
 939     ComputeCrc14443(CRC_14443_B, cmd1, 1 , &cmd1[1], &cmd1[2]);
 940     CodeIso14443bAsReader(cmd1, 3); // Only first three bytes for this one
 941     TransmitFor14443();
 942 //    LED_A_ON();
 943     GetSamplesFor14443Demod(TRUE, 2000,TRUE);
 944 //    LED_A_OFF();
 945     if (Demod.len != 10) {
 946         DbpString("Expected 10 bytes from tag, got:");
 947         DbpIntegers(Demod.len,0x0,0x0);
 948         return;
 949     }
 950     // The check the CRC of the answer (use cmd1 as temporary variable):
 951     ComputeCrc14443(CRC_14443_B, Demod.output, 8, &cmd1[2], &cmd1[3]);
 952            if(cmd1[2] != Demod.output[8] || cmd1[3] != Demod.output[9]) {
 953         DbpString("CRC Error reading block! - Below: expected, got");
 954         DbpIntegers( (cmd1[2]<<8)+cmd1[3], (Demod.output[8]<<8)+Demod.output[9],0);
 955         // Do not return;, let's go on... (we should retry, maybe ?)
 956     }
 957     DbpString("Tag UID (64 bits):");
 958     DbpIntegers((Demod.output[7]<<24) + (Demod.output[6]<<16) + (Demod.output[5]<<8) + Demod.output[4], (Demod.output[3]<<24) + (Demod.output[2]<<16) + (Demod.output[1]<<8) + Demod.output[0], 0);
 959
 960     // Now loop to read all 16 blocks, address from 0 to 15
 961     DbpString("Tag memory dump, block 0 to 15");
 962     cmd1[0] = 0x08;
 963     i = 0x00;
 964     for (;;) {
 965             if (i == 0x10) {
 966                     DbpString("System area block (0xff):");
 967                     i = 0xff;
 968             }
 969             cmd1[1] = i;
 970             ComputeCrc14443(CRC_14443_B, cmd1, 2, &cmd1[2], &cmd1[3]);
 971             CodeIso14443bAsReader(cmd1, sizeof(cmd1));
 972             TransmitFor14443();
 973 //          LED_A_ON();
 974             GetSamplesFor14443Demod(TRUE, 2000,TRUE);
 975 //          LED_A_OFF();
 976             if (Demod.len != 6) { // Check if we got an answer from the tag
 977                 DbpString("Expected 6 bytes from tag, got less...");
 978                 return;
 979             }
 980             // The check the CRC of the answer (use cmd1 as temporary variable):
 981             ComputeCrc14443(CRC_14443_B, Demod.output, 4, &cmd1[2], &cmd1[3]);
 982             if(cmd1[2] != Demod.output[4] || cmd1[3] != Demod.output[5]) {
 983                 DbpString("CRC Error reading block! - Below: expected, got");
 984                 DbpIntegers( (cmd1[2]<<8)+cmd1[3], (Demod.output[4]<<8)+Demod.output[5],0);
 985                 // Do not return;, let's go on... (we should retry, maybe ?)
 986             }
 987             // Now print out the memory location:
 988             DbpString("Address , Contents, CRC");
 989             DbpIntegers(i, (Demod.output[3]<<24) + (Demod.output[2]<<16) + (Demod.output[1]<<8) + Demod.output[0], (Demod.output[4]<<8)+Demod.output[5]);
 990             if (i == 0xff) {
 991                 break;
 992             }
 993             i++;
 994     }
 995 }
 996
 997
 998 //=============================================================================
 999 // Finally, the `sniffer' combines elements from both the reader and
1000 // simulated tag, to show both sides of the conversation.
1001 //=============================================================================
1002
1003 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1004 // Record the sequence of commands sent by the reader to the tag, with
1005 // triggering so that we start recording at the point that the tag is moved
1006 // near the reader.
1007 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1008 /*
1009  * Memory usage for this function, (within BigBuf)
1010  * 0-1023 : Demodulated samples receive (1024 bytes)
1011  * 1024-1535 : Last Received command, 512 bytes (reader->tag)
1012  * 1536-2047 : Last Received command, 512 bytes(tag->reader)
1013  * 2048-2304 : DMA Buffer, 256 bytes (samples)
1014  */
1015 void SnoopIso14443(void)
1016 {
1017     // We won't start recording the frames that we acquire until we trigger;
1018     // a good trigger condition to get started is probably when we see a
1019     // response from the tag.
1020     BOOL triggered = FALSE;
1021
1022     // The command (reader -> tag) that we're working on receiving.
1023     BYTE *receivedCmd = (BYTE *)(BigBuf) + 1024;
1024     // The response (tag -> reader) that we're working on receiving.
1025     BYTE *receivedResponse = (BYTE *)(BigBuf) + 1536;
1026
1027     // As we receive stuff, we copy it from receivedCmd or receivedResponse
1028     // into trace, along with its length and other annotations.
1029     BYTE *trace = (BYTE *)BigBuf;
1030     int traceLen = 0;
1031
1032     // The DMA buffer, used to stream samples from the FPGA.
1033     SBYTE *dmaBuf = (SBYTE *)(BigBuf) + 2048;
1034     int lastRxCounter;
1035     SBYTE *upTo;
1036     int ci, cq;
1037     int maxBehindBy = 0;
1038
1039     // Count of samples received so far, so that we can include timing
1040     // information in the trace buffer.
1041     int samples = 0;
1042
1043     // Initialize the trace buffer
1044     memset(trace, 0x44, 1024);
1045
1046     // Set up the demodulator for tag -> reader responses.
1047     Demod.output = receivedResponse;
1048     Demod.len = 0;
1049     Demod.state = DEMOD_UNSYNCD;
1050
1051     // And the reader -> tag commands
1052     memset(&Uart, 0, sizeof(Uart));
1053     Uart.output = receivedCmd;
1054     Uart.byteCntMax = 100;
1055     Uart.state = STATE_UNSYNCD;
1056
1057     // And put the FPGA in the appropriate mode
1058     // Signal field is off with the appropriate LED
1059     LED_D_OFF();
1060     FpgaWriteConfWord(
1061         FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_READER_RX_XCORR | FPGA_HF_READER_RX_XCORR_848_KHZ |
1062         FPGA_HF_READER_RX_XCORR_SNOOP);
1063     SetAdcMuxFor(GPIO_MUXSEL_HIPKD);
1064
1065     // Setup for the DMA.
1066     FpgaSetupSsc();
1067     upTo = dmaBuf;
1068     lastRxCounter = DMA_BUFFER_SIZE;
1069     FpgaSetupSscDma((BYTE *)dmaBuf, DMA_BUFFER_SIZE);
1070     // And now we loop, receiving samples.
1071     for(;;) {
1072         int behindBy = (lastRxCounter - AT91C_BASE_PDC_SSC->PDC_RCR) &
1073                                 (DMA_BUFFER_SIZE-1);
1074         if(behindBy > maxBehindBy) {
1075             maxBehindBy = behindBy;
1076             if(behindBy > (DMA_BUFFER_SIZE-2)) { // TODO: understand whether we can increase/decrease as we want or not?
1077                 DbpString("blew circular buffer!");
1078                 DbpIntegers(behindBy,0,0);
1079                 goto done;
1080             }
1081         }
1082         if(behindBy < 2) continue;
1083
1084         ci = upTo[0];
1085         cq = upTo[1];
1086         upTo += 2;
1087         lastRxCounter -= 2;
1088         if(upTo - dmaBuf > DMA_BUFFER_SIZE) {
1089             upTo -= DMA_BUFFER_SIZE;
1090             lastRxCounter += DMA_BUFFER_SIZE;
1091             AT91C_BASE_PDC_SSC->PDC_RNPR = (DWORD) upTo;
1092             AT91C_BASE_PDC_SSC->PDC_RNCR = DMA_BUFFER_SIZE;
1093         }
1094
1095         samples += 2;
1096
1097 #define HANDLE_BIT_IF_BODY \
1098             if(triggered) { \
1099                 trace[traceLen++] = ((samples >>  0) & 0xff); \
1100                 trace[traceLen++] = ((samples >>  8) & 0xff); \
1101                 trace[traceLen++] = ((samples >> 16) & 0xff); \
1102                 trace[traceLen++] = ((samples >> 24) & 0xff); \
1103                 trace[traceLen++] = 0; \
1104                 trace[traceLen++] = 0; \
1105                 trace[traceLen++] = 0; \
1106                 trace[traceLen++] = 0; \
1107                 trace[traceLen++] = Uart.byteCnt; \
1108                 memcpy(trace+traceLen, receivedCmd, Uart.byteCnt); \
1109                 traceLen += Uart.byteCnt; \
1110                 if(traceLen > 1000) break; \
1111             } \
1112             /* And ready to receive another command. */ \
1113             memset(&Uart, 0, sizeof(Uart)); \
1114             Uart.output = receivedCmd; \
1115             Uart.byteCntMax = 100; \
1116             Uart.state = STATE_UNSYNCD; \
1117             /* And also reset the demod code, which might have been */ \
1118             /* false-triggered by the commands from the reader. */ \
1119             memset(&Demod, 0, sizeof(Demod)); \
1120             Demod.output = receivedResponse; \
1121             Demod.state = DEMOD_UNSYNCD; \
1122
1123         if(Handle14443UartBit(ci & 1)) {
1124             HANDLE_BIT_IF_BODY
1125         }
1126         if(Handle14443UartBit(cq & 1)) {
1127             HANDLE_BIT_IF_BODY
1128         }
1129
1130         if(Handle14443SamplesDemod(ci, cq)) {
1131             // timestamp, as a count of samples
1132             trace[traceLen++] = ((samples >>  0) & 0xff);
1133             trace[traceLen++] = ((samples >>  8) & 0xff);
1134             trace[traceLen++] = ((samples >> 16) & 0xff);
1135             trace[traceLen++] = 0x80 | ((samples >> 24) & 0xff);
1136             // correlation metric (~signal strength estimate)
1137             if(Demod.metricN != 0) {
1138                 Demod.metric /= Demod.metricN;
1139             }
1140             trace[traceLen++] = ((Demod.metric >>  0) & 0xff);
1141             trace[traceLen++] = ((Demod.metric >>  8) & 0xff);
1142             trace[traceLen++] = ((Demod.metric >> 16) & 0xff);
1143             trace[traceLen++] = ((Demod.metric >> 24) & 0xff);
1144             // length
1145             trace[traceLen++] = Demod.len;
1146             memcpy(trace+traceLen, receivedResponse, Demod.len);
1147             traceLen += Demod.len;
1148             if(traceLen > 1000) break;
1149
1150             triggered = TRUE;
1151
1152             // And ready to receive another response.
1153             memset(&Demod, 0, sizeof(Demod));
1154             Demod.output = receivedResponse;
1155             Demod.state = DEMOD_UNSYNCD;
1156         }
1157                 WDT_HIT();
1158
1159         if(BUTTON_PRESS()) {
1160             DbpString("cancelled");
1161             goto done;
1162         }
1163     }
1164
1165     DbpString("in done pt");
1166
1167     DbpIntegers(maxBehindBy, Uart.state, Uart.byteCnt);
1168     DbpIntegers(Uart.byteCntMax, traceLen, 0x23);
1169
1170 done:
1171         LED_D_OFF();
1172     AT91C_BASE_PDC_SSC->PDC_PTCR = AT91C_PDC_RXTDIS;
1173 }