-\r
- GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r
- Version 2, June 1991\r
-\r
- Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,\r
- 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r
- Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r
- of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r
-\r
- Preamble\r
-\r
- The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r
-freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public\r
-License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free\r
-software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This\r
-General Public License applies to most of the Free Software\r
-Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to\r
-using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by\r
-the GNU Lesser General Public License instead.) You can apply it to\r
-your programs, too.\r
-\r
- When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not\r
-price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you\r
-have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for\r
-this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it\r
-if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it\r
-in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.\r
-\r
- To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid\r
-anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.\r
-These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you\r
-distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.\r
-\r
- For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether\r
-gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that\r
-you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the\r
-source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their\r
-rights.\r
-\r
- We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and\r
-(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,\r
-distribute and/or modify the software.\r
-\r
- Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain\r
-that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free\r
-software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we\r
-want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so\r
-that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original\r
-authors' reputations.\r
-\r
- Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software\r
-patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free\r
-program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the\r
-program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any\r
-patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.\r
-\r
- The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and\r
-modification follow.\r
-\r
- GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r
- TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION\r
-\r
- 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains\r
-a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed\r
-under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below,\r
-refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program"\r
-means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:\r
-that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,\r
-either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another\r
-language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in\r
-the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you".\r
-\r
-Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not\r
-covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of\r
-running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program\r
-is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the\r
-Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).\r
-Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.\r
-\r
- 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's\r
-source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you\r
-conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate\r
-copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the\r
-notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;\r
-and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License\r
-along with the Program.\r
-\r
-You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and\r
-you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.\r
-\r
- 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion\r
-of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and\r
-distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1\r
-above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:\r
-\r
- a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices\r
- stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.\r
-\r
- b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in\r
- whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any\r
- part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third\r
- parties under the terms of this License.\r
-\r
- c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively\r
- when run, you must cause it, when started running for such\r
- interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an\r
- announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a\r
- notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide\r
- a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under\r
- these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this\r
- License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but\r
- does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on\r
- the Program is not required to print an announcement.)\r
-\r
-These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If\r
-identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,\r
-and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in\r
-themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those\r
-sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you\r
-distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based\r
-on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of\r
-this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the\r
-entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.\r
-\r
-Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest\r
-your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to\r
-exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or\r
-collective works based on the Program.\r
-\r
-In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program\r
-with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of\r
-a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under\r
-the scope of this License.\r
-\r
- 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,\r
-under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of\r
-Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:\r
-\r
- a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable\r
- source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections\r
- 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,\r
-\r
- b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three\r
- years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your\r
- cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete\r
- machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be\r
- distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium\r
- customarily used for software interchange; or,\r
-\r
- c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer\r
- to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is\r
- allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you\r
- received the program in object code or executable form with such\r
- an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)\r
-\r
-The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for\r
-making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source\r
-code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any\r
-associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to\r
-control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a\r
-special exception, the source code distributed need not include\r
-anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary\r
-form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the\r
-operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component\r
-itself accompanies the executable.\r
-\r
-If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering\r
-access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent\r
-access to copy the source code from the same place counts as\r
-distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not\r
-compelled to copy the source along with the object code.\r
-\r
- 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program\r
-except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt\r
-otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is\r
-void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.\r
-However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under\r
-this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such\r
-parties remain in full compliance.\r
-\r
- 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not\r
-signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or\r
-distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are\r
-prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by\r
-modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the\r
-Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and\r
-all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying\r
-the Program or works based on it.\r
-\r
- 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the\r
-Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the\r
-original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to\r
-these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further\r
-restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.\r
-You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to\r
-this License.\r
-\r
- 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent\r
-infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),\r
-conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or\r
-otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not\r
-excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot\r
-distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this\r
-License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you\r
-may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent\r
-license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by\r
-all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then\r
-the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to\r
-refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.\r
-\r
-If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under\r
-any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to\r
-apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other\r
-circumstances.\r
-\r
-It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any\r
-patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any\r
-such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the\r
-integrity of the free software distribution system, which is\r
-implemented by public license practices. Many people have made\r
-generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed\r
-through that system in reliance on consistent application of that\r
-system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing\r
-to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot\r
-impose that choice.\r
-\r
-This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to\r
-be a consequence of the rest of this License.\r
-\r
- 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in\r
-certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the\r
-original copyright holder who places the Program under this License\r
-may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding\r
-those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among\r
-countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates\r
-the limitation as if written in the body of this License.\r
-\r
- 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions\r
-of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will\r
-be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to\r
-address new problems or concerns.\r
-\r
-Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program\r
-specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any\r
-later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions\r
-either of that version or of any later version published by the Free\r
-Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of\r
-this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software\r
-Foundation.\r
-\r
- 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free\r
-programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author\r
-to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free\r
-Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes\r
-make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals\r
-of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and\r
-of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.\r
-\r
- NO WARRANTY\r
-\r
- 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY\r
-FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN\r
-OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES\r
-PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED\r
-OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF\r
-MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS\r
-TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE\r
-PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,\r
-REPAIR OR CORRECTION.\r
-\r
- 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING\r
-WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR\r
-REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,\r
-INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING\r
-OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED\r
-TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY\r
-YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER\r
-PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE\r
-POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.\r
-\r
- END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS\r
+
+ GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+ Version 2, June 1991
+
+ Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+ 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
+ of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
+
+ Preamble
+
+ The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
+freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
+License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
+software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This
+General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
+Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
+using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
+the GNU Lesser General Public License instead.) You can apply it to
+your programs, too.
+
+ When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
+price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
+have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
+this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
+if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
+in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
+
+ To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
+anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
+These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
+distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
+
+ For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
+gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
+you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
+source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their
+rights.
+
+ We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
+(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
+distribute and/or modify the software.
+
+ Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
+that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
+software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
+want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
+that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
+authors' reputations.
+
+ Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
+patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
+program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
+program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
+patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
+
+ The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
+modification follow.
+
+ GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+ TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
+
+ 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
+a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
+under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below,
+refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program"
+means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
+that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
+either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
+language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
+the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you".
+
+Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
+covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
+running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
+is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
+Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
+Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
+
+ 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
+source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
+conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
+copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
+notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
+and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
+along with the Program.
+
+You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
+you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
+
+ 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
+of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
+distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
+above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
+
+ a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
+ stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
+
+ b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
+ whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
+ part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
+ parties under the terms of this License.
+
+ c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
+ when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
+ interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
+ announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
+ notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
+ a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
+ these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
+ License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
+ does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
+ the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
+
+These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
+identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
+and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
+themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
+sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you
+distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
+on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
+this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
+entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
+
+Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
+your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
+exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
+collective works based on the Program.
+
+In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
+with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
+a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
+the scope of this License.
+
+ 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
+under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
+Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
+
+ a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
+ source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
+ 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
+
+ b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
+ years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
+ cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
+ machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
+ distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
+ customarily used for software interchange; or,
+
+ c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
+ to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is
+ allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
+ received the program in object code or executable form with such
+ an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
+
+The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
+making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source
+code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
+associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
+control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a
+special exception, the source code distributed need not include
+anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
+form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
+operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
+itself accompanies the executable.
+
+If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
+access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
+access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
+distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
+compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
+
+ 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
+except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
+otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
+void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
+However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
+this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
+parties remain in full compliance.
+
+ 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
+signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
+distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are
+prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by
+modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
+Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
+all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
+the Program or works based on it.
+
+ 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
+Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
+original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
+these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further
+restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
+You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
+this License.
+
+ 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
+infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
+conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
+otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
+excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot
+distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
+License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
+may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent
+license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
+all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
+the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
+refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
+
+If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
+any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
+apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
+circumstances.
+
+It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
+patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
+such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
+integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
+implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
+generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
+through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
+system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
+to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
+impose that choice.
+
+This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
+be a consequence of the rest of this License.
+
+ 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
+certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
+original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
+may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
+those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
+countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates
+the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
+
+ 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
+of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
+be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
+address new problems or concerns.
+
+Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
+specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any
+later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions
+either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
+Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of
+this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
+Foundation.
+
+ 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
+programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
+to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free
+Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
+make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals
+of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
+of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
+
+ NO WARRANTY
+
+ 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
+FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
+OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
+PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
+OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS
+TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
+PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
+REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
+
+ 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
+WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
+REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
+INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
+OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
+TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
+YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
+PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
+POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
+
+ END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
-INTRO:\r
-\r
-This file contains enough software, logic (for the FPGA), and design\r
-documentation for the hardware that you could, at least in theory,\r
-do something useful with a proxmark3. It has commands to:\r
-\r
- * read any kind of 125 kHz unidirectional tag\r
- * simulate any kind of 125 kHz unidirectional tag\r
-\r
-(This is enough to perform all of the silly cloning attacks, like the\r
-ones that I did at the Capitol in Sacramento, or anything involving\r
-a Verichip. From a technical standpoint, these are not that exciting,\r
-although the `software radio' architecture of the proxmark3 makes it\r
-easy and fun to support new formats.)\r
-\r
-As a bonus, I include some code to use the 13.56 MHz hardware, so you can:\r
-\r
- * do anything that a (medium-range) ISO 15693 reader could\r
- * read an ISO 14443 tag, if you know the higher-layer protocol\r
- * pretend to be an ISO 14443 tag, if you know the higher-layer protocol\r
- * snoop on an ISO 14443 transaction\r
-\r
-I am not actively developing any of this. I have other projects that\r
-seem to be more useful.\r
-\r
-USING THE PACKAGE:\r
-\r
-The software tools required to build include:\r
-\r
- * cygwin or other unix-like tools for Windows\r
- * devkitPro (http://wiki.devkitpro.org/index.php/Getting_Started/devkitARM)\r
- * Xilinx's WebPack tools\r
- * Modelsim (for test only)\r
- * perl\r
-\r
-When installing devkitPro, you only need to install the compiler itself. Additional\r
-support libraries are not required.\r
-\r
-Documentation is minimal, but see the doc/ directory for what exists. A\r
-previous familiarity with the ARM, with digital signal processing,\r
-and with embedded programming in general is assumed.\r
-\r
-The device is used through a specialized command line interface; for\r
-example, to clone a Verichip, you might type:\r
-\r
- loread ; this reads the tag, and stores the\r
- ; raw samples in memory on the ARM\r
-\r
- losamples ; then we download the samples to\r
- ; the PC\r
-\r
- vchdemod clone ; demodulate the ID, and then put it\r
- ; back in a format that we can replay\r
-\r
- losim ; and then replay it\r
-\r
-To read an ISO 15693 tag, you might type:\r
-\r
- hiread ; read the tag; this involves sending a\r
- ; particular command, and then getting\r
- ; the response (which is stored as raw\r
- ; samples in memory on the ARM)\r
-\r
- hisamples ; then download those samples to the PC\r
-\r
- hi15demod ; and demod them to bits (and check the\r
- ; CRC etc. at the same time)\r
-\r
-Notice that in both cases the signal processing mostly happened on the PC\r
-side; that is of course not practical for a real reader, but it is easier\r
-to initially write your code and debug on the PC side than on the ARM. As\r
-long as you use integer math (and I do), it's trivial to port it over\r
-when you're done.\r
-\r
-The USB driver and bootloader are documented (and available separately\r
-for download, if you wish to use them in another project) at\r
-\r
- http://cq.cx/trivia.pl\r
-\r
-\r
-OBTAINING HARDWARE:\r
-\r
-Most of the ultra-low-volume contract assemblers that have sprung up\r
-(Screaming Circuits, the various cheap Asian suppliers, etc.) could put\r
-something like this together with a reasonable yield. A run of around\r
-a dozen units is probably cost-effective. The BOM includes (possibly-\r
-outdated) component pricing, and everything is available from Digikey\r
-and the usual distributors.\r
-\r
-If you've never assembled a modern circuit board by hand, then this is\r
-not a good place to start. Some of the components (e.g. the crystals)\r
-must not be assembled with a soldering iron, and require hot air.\r
-\r
-The schematics are included; the component values given are not\r
-necessarily correct for all situations, but it should be possible to do\r
-nearly anything you would want with appropriate population options.\r
-\r
-The printed circuit board artwork is also available, as Gerbers and an\r
-Excellon drill file.\r
-\r
-\r
-FUTURE PLANS, ENHANCEMENTS THAT YOU COULD MAKE:\r
-\r
-At some point I should write software involving a proper real-time\r
-operating system for the ARM. I would then provide interrupt-driven\r
-drivers for many of the peripherals that are polled now (the USB,\r
-the data stream from the FPGA), which would make it easier to develop\r
-complex applications.\r
-\r
-It would not be all that hard to implement the ISO 15693 reader properly\r
-(with anticollision, all the commands supported, and so on)--the signal\r
-processing is already written, so it is all straightforward applications\r
-work.\r
-\r
-I have basic support for ISO 14443 as well: a sniffer, a simulated\r
-tag, and a reader. It won't do anything useful unless you fill in the\r
-high-layer protocol.\r
-\r
-Nicer (i.e., closer-to-optimal) implementations of all kinds of signal\r
-processing would be useful as well.\r
-\r
-A practical implementation of the learning-the-tag's-ID-from-what-the-\r
-reader-broadcasts-during-anticollision attacks would be relatively\r
-straightforward. This would involve some signal processing on the FPGA,\r
-but not much else after that.\r
-\r
-It would be neat to write a driver that could stream samples from the A/Ds\r
-over USB to the PC, using the full available bandwidth of USB. I am not\r
-yet sure what that would be good for, but surely something. This would\r
-require a kernel-mode driver under Windows, though, which is more work.\r
-\r
-\r
-LICENSING:\r
-\r
-This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\r
-it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\r
-the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\r
-(at your option) any later version.\r
-\r
-This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\r
-but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\r
-MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the\r
-GNU General Public License for more details.\r
-\r
-You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License\r
-along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software\r
-Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r
-\r
-\r
-Jonathan Westhues\r
-user jwesthues, at host cq.cx\r
-\r
-May 2007, Cambridge MA\r
-\r
+INTRO:
+
+This file contains enough software, logic (for the FPGA), and design
+documentation for the hardware that you could, at least in theory,
+do something useful with a proxmark3. It has commands to:
+
+ * read any kind of 125 kHz unidirectional tag
+ * simulate any kind of 125 kHz unidirectional tag
+
+(This is enough to perform all of the silly cloning attacks, like the
+ones that I did at the Capitol in Sacramento, or anything involving
+a Verichip. From a technical standpoint, these are not that exciting,
+although the `software radio' architecture of the proxmark3 makes it
+easy and fun to support new formats.)
+
+As a bonus, I include some code to use the 13.56 MHz hardware, so you can:
+
+ * do anything that a (medium-range) ISO 15693 reader could
+ * read an ISO 14443 tag, if you know the higher-layer protocol
+ * pretend to be an ISO 14443 tag, if you know the higher-layer protocol
+ * snoop on an ISO 14443 transaction
+
+I am not actively developing any of this. I have other projects that
+seem to be more useful.
+
+USING THE PACKAGE:
+
+The software tools required to build include:
+
+ * cygwin or other unix-like tools for Windows
+ * devkitPro (http://wiki.devkitpro.org/index.php/Getting_Started/devkitARM)
+ * Xilinx's WebPack tools
+ * Modelsim (for test only)
+ * perl
+
+When installing devkitPro, you only need to install the compiler itself. Additional
+support libraries are not required.
+
+Documentation is minimal, but see the doc/ directory for what exists. A
+previous familiarity with the ARM, with digital signal processing,
+and with embedded programming in general is assumed.
+
+The device is used through a specialized command line interface; for
+example, to clone a Verichip, you might type:
+
+ loread ; this reads the tag, and stores the
+ ; raw samples in memory on the ARM
+
+ losamples ; then we download the samples to
+ ; the PC
+
+ vchdemod clone ; demodulate the ID, and then put it
+ ; back in a format that we can replay
+
+ losim ; and then replay it
+
+To read an ISO 15693 tag, you might type:
+
+ hiread ; read the tag; this involves sending a
+ ; particular command, and then getting
+ ; the response (which is stored as raw
+ ; samples in memory on the ARM)
+
+ hisamples ; then download those samples to the PC
+
+ hi15demod ; and demod them to bits (and check the
+ ; CRC etc. at the same time)
+
+Notice that in both cases the signal processing mostly happened on the PC
+side; that is of course not practical for a real reader, but it is easier
+to initially write your code and debug on the PC side than on the ARM. As
+long as you use integer math (and I do), it's trivial to port it over
+when you're done.
+
+The USB driver and bootloader are documented (and available separately
+for download, if you wish to use them in another project) at
+
+ http://cq.cx/trivia.pl
+
+
+OBTAINING HARDWARE:
+
+Most of the ultra-low-volume contract assemblers that have sprung up
+(Screaming Circuits, the various cheap Asian suppliers, etc.) could put
+something like this together with a reasonable yield. A run of around
+a dozen units is probably cost-effective. The BOM includes (possibly-
+outdated) component pricing, and everything is available from Digikey
+and the usual distributors.
+
+If you've never assembled a modern circuit board by hand, then this is
+not a good place to start. Some of the components (e.g. the crystals)
+must not be assembled with a soldering iron, and require hot air.
+
+The schematics are included; the component values given are not
+necessarily correct for all situations, but it should be possible to do
+nearly anything you would want with appropriate population options.
+
+The printed circuit board artwork is also available, as Gerbers and an
+Excellon drill file.
+
+
+FUTURE PLANS, ENHANCEMENTS THAT YOU COULD MAKE:
+
+At some point I should write software involving a proper real-time
+operating system for the ARM. I would then provide interrupt-driven
+drivers for many of the peripherals that are polled now (the USB,
+the data stream from the FPGA), which would make it easier to develop
+complex applications.
+
+It would not be all that hard to implement the ISO 15693 reader properly
+(with anticollision, all the commands supported, and so on)--the signal
+processing is already written, so it is all straightforward applications
+work.
+
+I have basic support for ISO 14443 as well: a sniffer, a simulated
+tag, and a reader. It won't do anything useful unless you fill in the
+high-layer protocol.
+
+Nicer (i.e., closer-to-optimal) implementations of all kinds of signal
+processing would be useful as well.
+
+A practical implementation of the learning-the-tag's-ID-from-what-the-
+reader-broadcasts-during-anticollision attacks would be relatively
+straightforward. This would involve some signal processing on the FPGA,
+but not much else after that.
+
+It would be neat to write a driver that could stream samples from the A/Ds
+over USB to the PC, using the full available bandwidth of USB. I am not
+yet sure what that would be good for, but surely something. This would
+require a kernel-mode driver under Windows, though, which is more work.
+
+
+LICENSING:
+
+This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+(at your option) any later version.
+
+This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+
+Jonathan Westhues
+user jwesthues, at host cq.cx
+
+May 2007, Cambridge MA
+
projects / proxmark3-svn / commitdiff