+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Copyright (C) 2010 Hector Martin "marcan" <marcan@marcansoft.com>
+//
+// This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or,
+// at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of
+// the license.
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// ELF file flasher
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include "sleep.h"
+#include "proxusb.h"
+#include "flash.h"
+#include "elf.h"
+#include "proxendian.h"
+
+// FIXME: what the fuckity fuck
+unsigned int current_command = CMD_UNKNOWN;
+
+#define FLASH_START 0x100000
+#define FLASH_SIZE (256*1024)
+#define FLASH_END (FLASH_START + FLASH_SIZE)
+#define BOOTLOADER_SIZE 0x2000
+#define BOOTLOADER_END (FLASH_START + BOOTLOADER_SIZE)
+
+#define BLOCK_SIZE 0x100
+
+static const uint8_t elf_ident[] = {
+ 0x7f, 'E', 'L', 'F',
+ ELFCLASS32,
+ ELFDATA2LSB,
+ EV_CURRENT
+};
+
+// Turn PHDRs into flasher segments, checking for PHDR sanity and merging adjacent
+// unaligned segments if needed
+static int build_segs_from_phdrs(flash_file_t *ctx, FILE *fd, Elf32_Phdr *phdrs, int num_phdrs)
+{
+ Elf32_Phdr *phdr = phdrs;
+ flash_seg_t *seg;
+ uint32_t last_end = 0;
+
+ ctx->segments = malloc(sizeof(flash_seg_t) * num_phdrs);
+ if (!ctx->segments) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
+ return -1;
+ }
+ ctx->num_segs = 0;
+ seg = ctx->segments;
+
+ fprintf(stderr, "Loading usable ELF segments:\n");
+ for (int i = 0; i < num_phdrs; i++) {
+ if (le32(phdr->p_type) != PT_LOAD) {
+ phdr++;
+ continue;
+ }
+ uint32_t vaddr = le32(phdr->p_vaddr);
+ uint32_t paddr = le32(phdr->p_paddr);
+ uint32_t filesz = le32(phdr->p_filesz);
+ uint32_t memsz = le32(phdr->p_memsz);
+ uint32_t offset = le32(phdr->p_offset);
+ uint32_t flags = le32(phdr->p_flags);
+ if (!filesz) {
+ phdr++;
+ continue;
+ }
+ fprintf(stderr, "%d: V 0x%08x P 0x%08x (0x%08x->0x%08x) [%c%c%c] @0x%x\n",
+ i, vaddr, paddr, filesz, memsz,
+ flags & PF_R ? 'R' : ' ',
+ flags & PF_W ? 'W' : ' ',
+ flags & PF_X ? 'X' : ' ',
+ offset);
+ if (filesz != memsz) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDR file size does not equal memory size\n"
+ "(DATA+BSS PHDRs do not make sense on ROM platforms!)\n");
+ return -1;
+ }
+ if (paddr < last_end) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDRs not sorted or overlap\n");
+ return -1;
+ }
+ if (paddr < FLASH_START || (paddr+filesz) > FLASH_END) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDR is not contained in Flash\n");
+ return -1;
+ }
+ if (vaddr >= FLASH_START && vaddr < FLASH_END && (flags & PF_W)) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error: Flash VMA segment is writable\n");
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ uint8_t *data;
+ // make extra space if we need to move the data forward
+ data = malloc(filesz + BLOCK_SIZE);
+ if (!data) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
+ return -1;
+ }
+ if (fseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0 || fread(data, 1, filesz, fd) != filesz) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading PHDR payload\n");
+ free(data);
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ uint32_t block_offset = paddr & (BLOCK_SIZE-1);
+ if (block_offset) {
+ if (ctx->num_segs) {
+ flash_seg_t *prev_seg = seg - 1;
+ uint32_t this_end = paddr + filesz;
+ uint32_t this_firstblock = paddr & ~(BLOCK_SIZE-1);
+ uint32_t prev_lastblock = (last_end - 1) & ~(BLOCK_SIZE-1);
+
+ if (this_firstblock == prev_lastblock) {
+ uint32_t new_length = this_end - prev_seg->start;
+ uint32_t this_offset = paddr - prev_seg->start;
+ uint32_t hole = this_offset - prev_seg->length;
+ uint8_t *new_data = malloc(new_length);
+ if (!new_data) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
+ free(data);
+ return -1;
+ }
+ memset(new_data, 0xff, new_length);
+ memcpy(new_data, prev_seg->data, prev_seg->length);
+ memcpy(new_data + this_offset, data, filesz);
+ fprintf(stderr, "Note: Extending previous segment from 0x%x to 0x%x bytes\n",
+ prev_seg->length, new_length);
+ if (hole)
+ fprintf(stderr, "Note: 0x%x-byte hole created\n", hole);
+ free(data);
+ free(prev_seg->data);
+ prev_seg->data = new_data;
+ prev_seg->length = new_length;
+ last_end = this_end;
+ phdr++;
+ continue;
+ }
+ }
+ fprintf(stderr, "Warning: segment does not begin on a block boundary, will pad\n");
+ memmove(data + block_offset, data, filesz);
+ memset(data, 0xFF, block_offset);
+ filesz += block_offset;
+ paddr -= block_offset;
+ }
+
+ seg->data = data;
+ seg->start = paddr;
+ seg->length = filesz;
+ seg++;
+ ctx->num_segs++;
+
+ last_end = paddr + filesz;
+ phdr++;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+// Sanity check segments and check for bootloader writes
+static int check_segs(flash_file_t *ctx, int can_write_bl) {
+ for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++) {
+ flash_seg_t *seg = &ctx->segments[i];
+
+ if (seg->start & (BLOCK_SIZE-1)) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is not aligned\n");
+ return -1;
+ }
+ if (seg->start < FLASH_START) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is outside of flash bounds\n");
+ return -1;
+ }
+ if (seg->start + seg->length > FLASH_END) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is outside of flash bounds\n");
+ return -1;
+ }
+ if (!can_write_bl && seg->start < BOOTLOADER_END) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Attempted to write bootloader but bootloader writes are not enabled\n");
+ return -1;
+ }
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+// Load an ELF file and prepare it for flashing
+int flash_load(flash_file_t *ctx, const char *name, int can_write_bl)
+{
+ FILE *fd = NULL;
+ Elf32_Ehdr ehdr;
+ Elf32_Phdr *phdrs = NULL;
+ int num_phdrs;
+ int res;
+
+ fd = fopen(name, "rb");
+ if (!fd) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Could not open file '%s': ", name);
+ perror(NULL);
+ goto fail;
+ }
+
+ fprintf(stderr, "Loading ELF file '%s'...\n", name);
+
+ if (fread(&ehdr, sizeof(ehdr), 1, fd) != 1) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF file header\n");
+ goto fail;
+ }
+ if (memcmp(ehdr.e_ident, elf_ident, sizeof(elf_ident))
+ || le32(ehdr.e_version) != 1)
+ {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Not an ELF file or wrong ELF type\n");
+ goto fail;
+ }
+ if (le16(ehdr.e_type) != ET_EXEC) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "ELF is not executable\n");
+ goto fail;
+ }
+ if (le16(ehdr.e_machine) != EM_ARM) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Wrong ELF architecture\n");
+ goto fail;
+ }
+ if (!ehdr.e_phnum || !ehdr.e_phoff) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "ELF has no PHDRs\n");
+ goto fail;
+ }
+ if (le16(ehdr.e_phentsize) != sizeof(Elf32_Phdr)) {
+ // could be a structure padding issue...
+ fprintf(stderr, "Either the ELF file or this code is made of fail\n");
+ goto fail;
+ }
+ num_phdrs = le16(ehdr.e_phnum);
+
+ phdrs = malloc(le16(ehdr.e_phnum) * sizeof(Elf32_Phdr));
+ if (!phdrs) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
+ goto fail;
+ }
+ if (fseek(fd, le32(ehdr.e_phoff), SEEK_SET) < 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF PHDRs\n");
+ goto fail;
+ }
+ if (fread(phdrs, sizeof(Elf32_Phdr), num_phdrs, fd) != num_phdrs) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF PHDRs\n");
+ goto fail;
+ }
+
+ res = build_segs_from_phdrs(ctx, fd, phdrs, num_phdrs);
+ if (res < 0)
+ goto fail;
+ res = check_segs(ctx, can_write_bl);
+ if (res < 0)
+ goto fail;
+
+ free(phdrs);
+ fclose(fd);
+ ctx->filename = name;
+ return 0;
+
+fail:
+ if (phdrs)
+ free(phdrs);
+ if (fd)
+ fclose(fd);
+ flash_free(ctx);
+ return -1;
+}
+
+// Get the state of the proxmark, backwards compatible
+static int get_proxmark_state(uint32_t *state)
+{
+ UsbCommand c;
+ c.cmd = CMD_DEVICE_INFO;
+ SendCommand(&c);
+
+ UsbCommand resp;
+ ReceiveCommand(&resp);
+
+ // Three outcomes:
+ // 1. The old bootrom code will ignore CMD_DEVICE_INFO, but respond with an ACK
+ // 2. The old os code will respond with CMD_DEBUG_PRINT_STRING and "unknown command"
+ // 3. The new bootrom and os codes will respond with CMD_DEVICE_INFO and flags
+
+ switch (resp.cmd) {
+ case CMD_ACK:
+ *state = DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_BOOTROM;
+ break;
+ case CMD_DEBUG_PRINT_STRING:
+ *state = DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_OS;
+ break;
+ case CMD_DEVICE_INFO:
+ *state = resp.arg[0];
+ break;
+ default:
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error: Couldn't get proxmark state, bad response type: 0x%04x\n", resp.cmd);
+ return -1;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+// Enter the bootloader to be able to start flashing
+static int enter_bootloader(void)
+{
+ uint32_t state;
+
+ if (get_proxmark_state(&state) < 0)
+ return -1;
+
+ if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_BOOTROM) {
+ /* Already in flash state, we're done. */
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_OS) {
+ fprintf(stderr,"Entering bootloader...\n");
+ UsbCommand c;
+ memset(&c, 0, sizeof (c));
+
+ if ((state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_BOOTROM_PRESENT)
+ && (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_OSIMAGE_PRESENT))
+ {
+ // New style handover: Send CMD_START_FLASH, which will reset the board
+ // and enter the bootrom on the next boot.
+ c.cmd = CMD_START_FLASH;
+ SendCommand(&c);
+ fprintf(stderr,"(Press and release the button only to abort)\n");
+ } else {
+ // Old style handover: Ask the user to press the button, then reset the board
+ c.cmd = CMD_HARDWARE_RESET;
+ SendCommand(&c);
+ fprintf(stderr,"Press and hold down button NOW if your bootloader requires it.\n");
+ }
+ fprintf(stderr,"Waiting for Proxmark to reappear on USB...");
+
+ CloseProxmark();
+ sleep(1);
+ while (!OpenProxmark(0)) {
+ sleep(1);
+ fprintf(stderr, ".");
+ }
+ fprintf(stderr," Found.\n");
+
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error: Unknown Proxmark mode\n");
+ return -1;
+}
+
+static int wait_for_ack(void)
+{
+ UsbCommand ack;
+ ReceiveCommand(&ack);
+ if (ack.cmd != CMD_ACK) {
+ printf("Error: Unexpected reply 0x%04x (expected ACK)\n", ack.cmd);
+ return -1;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+// Go into flashing mode
+int flash_start_flashing(int enable_bl_writes)
+{
+ uint32_t state;
+
+ if (enter_bootloader() < 0)
+ return -1;
+
+ if (get_proxmark_state(&state) < 0)
+ return -1;
+
+ if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_UNDERSTANDS_START_FLASH) {
+ // This command is stupid. Why the heck does it care which area we're
+ // flashing, as long as it's not the bootloader area? The mind boggles.
+ UsbCommand c = {CMD_START_FLASH};
+
+ if (enable_bl_writes) {
+ c.arg[0] = FLASH_START;
+ c.arg[1] = FLASH_END;
+ c.arg[2] = START_FLASH_MAGIC;
+ } else {
+ c.arg[0] = BOOTLOADER_END;
+ c.arg[1] = FLASH_END;
+ c.arg[2] = 0;
+ }
+ SendCommand(&c);
+ return wait_for_ack();
+ } else {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Note: Your bootloader does not understand the new START_FLASH command\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, " It is recommended that you update your bootloader\n\n");
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int write_block(uint32_t address, uint8_t *data, uint32_t length)
+{
+ uint8_t block_buf[BLOCK_SIZE];
+
+ memset(block_buf, 0xFF, BLOCK_SIZE);
+ memcpy(block_buf, data, length);
+
+ UsbCommand c = {CMD_SETUP_WRITE};
+ for (int i = 0; i < 240; i += 48) {
+ memcpy(c.d.asBytes, block_buf + i, 48);
+ c.arg[0] = i / 4;
+ SendCommand(&c);
+ if (wait_for_ack() < 0)
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ c.cmd = CMD_FINISH_WRITE;
+ c.arg[0] = address;
+ memcpy(c.d.asBytes, block_buf+240, 16);
+ SendCommand(&c);
+ return wait_for_ack();
+}
+
+// Write a file's segments to Flash
+int flash_write(flash_file_t *ctx)
+{
+ fprintf(stderr, "Writing segments for file: %s\n", ctx->filename);
+ for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++) {
+ flash_seg_t *seg = &ctx->segments[i];
+
+ uint32_t length = seg->length;
+ uint32_t blocks = (length + BLOCK_SIZE - 1) / BLOCK_SIZE;
+ uint32_t end = seg->start + length;
+
+ fprintf(stderr, " 0x%08x..0x%08x [0x%x / %d blocks]",
+ seg->start, end - 1, length, blocks);
+
+ int block = 0;
+ uint8_t *data = seg->data;
+ uint32_t baddr = seg->start;
+
+ while (length) {
+ uint32_t block_size = length;
+ if (block_size > BLOCK_SIZE)
+ block_size = BLOCK_SIZE;
+
+ if (write_block(baddr, data, block_size) < 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, " ERROR\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error writing block %d of %d\n", block, blocks);
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ data += block_size;
+ baddr += block_size;
+ length -= block_size;
+ block++;
+ fprintf(stderr, ".");
+ }
+ fprintf(stderr, " OK\n");
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+// free a file context
+void flash_free(flash_file_t *ctx)
+{
+ if (!ctx)
+ return;
+ if (ctx->segments) {
+ for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++)
+ free(ctx->segments[i].data);
+ free(ctx->segments);
+ ctx->segments = NULL;
+ ctx->num_segs = 0;
+ }
+}
+
+// just reset the unit
+int flash_stop_flashing(void) {
+ UsbCommand c = {CMD_HARDWARE_RESET};
+ SendCommand(&c);
+ return 0;
+}
projects / proxmark3-svn / commitdiff